Pleasant Emotions Research Articles

Мотивація персоналу як один із методів управління у готельних підприємствах

Abstract. Introduction. The article considers motivation as one of the methods of personnel management in hotel establishments of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law, traces the positive aspects of the motivation method and the effectiveness of its application in practice at hotel enterprises. The article defines the concept of "staff motivation" and reveals that in order to enhance employee motivation, it is more efficient to combine tangible, intangible and professional incentives. The world experience of applying of employee motivation is analyzed, material, non-material and professional incentives in Japan, America, Great Britain, Sweden, Germany, France are studied. The article highlights the specifics of the use of material, nonmaterial and professional incentives for workers in wartime, examples are given. It was established that the use of material, professional and non-material incentives, including participation in socially significant projects, leads to an increase in the efficiency of the work of employees and contributes to their identification with the workplace. Such social responsibility creates a new perspective on the hospitality industry and reflects the spirit of the Ukrainian people. Purpose. Clarification of the definition of the concept of "staff motivation", the study of motivation as a method of personnel management of a hotel enterprise in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. Result. European methods of motivation involve a combination of material, non-material and professional incentives. Compared to other countries, the motivation of hotel employees in Ukraine changes along with their needs. In comparison with other European countries, the motivation system in Ukraine is changing in accordance with the modern needs of society, and now the dominant incentive is a decent salary, followed by non-material and professional incentives. Based on this, we can conclude that Ukrainians are ready to work with any salary, just to satisfy their basic needs. Thus, the problem of staff motivation in the hospitality industry is relevant today and should be solved as soon as possible for economic and social benefits. One of the most influential means of non-material stimulation during the martial law in Ukraine is the involvement of employees in socially significant projects. Ukrainian hotel & resort association has created its map of hotels that are ready to work in blackout conditions. When forming this map, the requirements for the technical arrangement of hotels were taken into account. Conclusions. Therefore, staff motivation is a set of material, non-material and professional incentives that can ensure high-quality and efficient work, which contributes to the success and productivity of the company. The motivation of employees of hotel enterprises in Ukraine is currently created through material, professional and non-material incentives, in particular socially significant projects. Helping his people to provide pleasant emotions, a sense of need, to create and maintain a spirit of indomitability. In this way, relationships in the team are strengthened, social ties are strengthened and help is provided to those who need it. The sense of involvement in socially significant projects helps the identification of the employee with the city of work. Such social responsibility creates a new perspective on the hospitality industry and reflects the spirit of the Ukrainian people.

중년 여성의 라반움직임분석(LMA) 참여경험

Objectives The purposes of this study were to specifically understand the experiences of middle-aged women who participated in the Laban Movement Analysis (LMA).
 Methods The goal of the activity body awareness through movement and physical expression through effort. A total of 10 LMA activity organized and conducted on 4 middle-aged women. Data collection consisted of interviews, observations, researcher's notes, SNS data, videos, and field notes. The interviews were recorded, and the recorded files were transcribed and converted into Korean files, and data analysis was performed in the fourth step of Giorgi's analysis method.
 Results As a result of the analysis of the phenomenology research method, it was possible to classify into 9 categories and 27 subcategories in 4 areas of cognitive experience, emotional experience, physical experience, and relational experience. 3 categories and 9 subcategories in the cognitive experience domain, 2 categories and 6 subcategories in the emotional experience domain, 2 categories and 6 subcategories in the somatic experience domain, and 2 categories and 6 subcategories in the relational experience domain. appeared as a category. The three categories of cognitive experience were classified as understanding one's situation, having the will to overcome through a change in thinking, giving meaning to movement and seeing oneself objectively. It was classified as clearly felt in the body, comfortable in the mind and pleasant emotions. The two categories of physical experience were divided into relief of pain and lightening of the heavy body, and the two categories of relationship experience were divided into recognition of one's behavior patterns in relationships and changes in relationships.
 Conclusions Based on the results of the study, the implications of middle-aged women's LMA participation experience and the limitations of the study were discussed.

The mediating effect of environmental reward on activity restriction and depressive mood in cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background: Activity restriction is known as a predictor of depressive mood in cancer survivors. However, there is inconsistent evidence about precisely how this takes place. Environmental reward is a state where a person senses mastery or pleasure because of their activity, and this is known to be a possible mediator of the activity restriction effect on depressive mood. We sought to investigate that the mediating effect environmental reward could have on the relationship between activity restriction and depressive mood when moderated by cancer-related fatigue. Methods: Cancer survivors (n = 94; mean age, 60.07 years) recruited through cancer support groups in Japan participated in this study. They completed a battery of questionnaires, including demographic and clinical information about the respondents, the Activity Restriction Scale for Cancer Patients—Revised, the Environmental Reward Observation Scale, the Cancer Fatigue Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: Moderated mediation analysis revealed that high levels of activity restriction predict a decrease in environmental reward, and a decrease in environmental reward exacerbates depressive mood. The full mediating effect (when the indirect effect is statistically significant and there is no direct effect from the antecedent to outcome) of environmental reward was observed when cancer-related fatigue was moderated by ±1 SD of the mean score. This implies that, regardless of the level of fatigue cancer survivors experience, it is not the activity restriction per se that predicts depressive mood but rather the inability to experience pleasurable emotions because of the activity restriction that leads to the exacerbation of depressive mood. Conclusion: From these results, environmental reward was found to be a possible mediator of activity restriction on depressive mood, consistent with behavioral models of depression. These results could explain the inconsistent findings about the direct effect of activity restriction on depressive mood and provide theoretical evidence for the effectiveness of psychological treatments for cancer survivors that focus on positive affect, such as behavioral activation interventions.

경관 선호이론 기반 대학 캠퍼스 계단 디자인에 관한 연구

Under the backdrop of the rapid development of globalization, knowledge, and informatization, more and more students are entering universities. With the dynamic change of university education methods, environmental factors and design, the standard of students choosing university is not only academic level and teacher education level, but also campus landscape environment is an important part of evaluation. Stairs are an important design element of the landscape environment and provide connecting media to spaces with higher order on the campus to meet traffic vertical functions while providing vitality to the campus landscape space. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of stair design on student emotion and satisfaction around the most representative stair design of university campus landscape, focusing on four evaluation attributes (complexity, coherence, mystery, and legibility) of landscape preference theory. Taking students in China and South Korea who are experiencing college life as the survey objects, 12 representative campus stair design cases at home and abroad were selected for questionnaire survey, and 303 valid questionnaires were finally collected. Regression analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 24.0 statistical tools, and the results are as follows. (1) It was found that the complexity, mystery and legibility of the university campus stairs design had a significant effect on students' emotions. (2) It was found that the coherence of the university campus stairs design did not significantly affect students' emotions. (3) It was found that Students' Emotions had a significant effec on Satisfaction. The results of this study can provide data and theoretical support to the stair design of the university campus, increase students' pleasant emotions, and increase students' satisfaction, ultimately creating an efficient and healthy university campus landscape atmosphere.

Brief emotional eating scale: A multinational study of factor structure, validity, and invariance

Emotional eating or the tendency to eat in response to emotional states can be assessed using self-report measures. The Emotional Eating Scale-II is a commonly used and reliable instrument that measures the desire to eat in response to a range of unpleasant and pleasant emotions. The current study aimed to corroborate the validity of the EES-II and expand its utility by investigating its dimensionality and testing its measurement invariance in samples from English-speaking and non-English-speaking countries. Convergent and predictive validity in respect of food craving, eating, and health indicators were also examined. This cross-national study included a total of 2485 adult participants recruited from Finland, North America, Philippines, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Spain, and South Korea, who completed the EES-II in six different languages. Factor analyses supported a four-factor structure including valence (pleasant, unpleasant) and activation (high, low) for a 12-item English version and slightly modified non-English adaptations. The model exhibited good fit in all samples, and convergent validity was demonstrated. Full invariance of factor loadings and partial invariance of factor loading, intercepts, and error variances was established across samples. Structural equation models revealed that high activation (pleasant and unpleasant) states predicted food cravings and reported eating. Overall findings across multiple samples and countries supported the factorial structure, reliability, invariance, and validity of the resulting Brief Emotional Eating Scale (BEES).

ANALISIS KESIAPAN DAN MINAT MAHASISWA DALAM PROGRAM MERDEKA BELAJAR KAMPUS MERDEKA: STUDI KASUS MAHASISWA JPTK FKIP UNS ANGKATAN 2020

<p class="abstrak">It is necessary to increase soft skills and hard skills so that university graduates are ready to work and face challenges in the world of work. Competencies are needed that are integrated with other majors so that university graduates can adapt to the world of work. So that students must be prepared to have readiness and interest in learning in the era of global competition. The Independent Learning Campus Merdeka Program (Program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka atua MBKM) is expected to be able to answer this challenge. The method used in this research is descriptive statistics. With the aim of testing the hypothesis that there is readiness, interest, and major indicators that affect the readiness and interest of JPTK FKIP UNS students batch 2020 in carrying out the Independent Learning Campus Merdeka program. The conclusion of this study is that there is readiness of JPTK FKIP UNS students batch 2020 in the MBKM program, there is interest from JPTK FKIP UNS students batch 2020 in the MBKM program, there are large indicator values that affect the readiness and interest of JPTK FKIP UNS students batch 2020 in implementing the MBKM program, namely indicators Emotions of Pleasure and Psychic Conditions Affective Attitudes.</p>

THE ANTECEDENTS OF ECOTOURISM INTENTION

Many people today need to pay more attention to the environment. In addition, more and more activities are making people unaware of how harmful their actions are to the environment. The aim is to examine the determinants influencing tourists' intentions to visit for ecotourism purposes. This study found a strong correlation between the three important factors determining tourists' interest in ecotourism sites. This is an environmental concern, the future time and eco-destination perspectives picture. This study also reports a strong relationship between eco-destination image, future time perspective, and environmental concern. This research is experimental research conducted in Indonesia. One hundred seventy-five respondents aged 20 to over 50 years were given a questionnaire to fill out to collect data. Purposive sampling was used as the sampling method in this study. The Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach assesses the research hypothesis. According to research, the contribution of time perspective to decision-making about visiting ecotourism sites is beneficial. Environmental concern also influences the intention to engage in ecotourism. It will increase ecological awareness if it has a positive reputation as an eco-friendly destination. If the image of an eco-friendly destination evokes pleasant emotions and attachments, the intention to visit ecotourism increases. Future research is expected to add more variables, such as loyalty. Further research can be carried out on other ecotourism destinations such as Tanjung Putting National Park, Kawah Ijen, Nusa Penida Island, etc.

Understanding Sexualized Drug Use: Substances, Reasons, Consequences, and Self-Perceptions among Men Who Have Sex with Other Men in Spain.

Sexualized drug use (SDU) has been identified as a health risk factor among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). This study aimed to analyze the associations between SDU frequency and a broad set of substances, motives, consequences, and self-perceptions. Sampling was conducted through an online survey. The final sample consisted of 185 GBMSM aged between 18 and 78 years old (mean age = 38.38, SD = 11.52) who engaged in SDU. We analyzed the frequency of SDU in terms of practicing it "once," "moderately" ("once a month or less" or "a few times a month"), or "frequently" (from "once a week" to "daily") during the previous 18 months. A questionnaire was administered through which sociodemographic variables, substances, reasons, consequences, and self-perceptions of SDU practice were analyzed. Participants who did so frequently were significantly more likely to use mephedrone, methamphetamine, and GHB/GBL than those who performed SDU less often (large effect sizes). In addition, habitual SDU was associated with motivations to achieve pleasurable emotions and sensations and manage negative feelings. Health implications, such as blackout moments, were also significantly related to frequent SDUs. Finally, those who practiced frequent SDU perceived it as a severe problem and wanted to control it. These data indicate the importance of raising awareness of chemsex as a public health problem among GBMSM. Specific identification, education, and prevention programs need to be strengthened to reduce the incidence of the most undesirable implications of SDU among GBMSM.

Lighting environmental assessment in enclosed spaces based on emotional model

Lighting assessment in special operating environments like enclosed spaces is of great research significance and value. In addition to investigating the visual ergonomics of workers, the emotional monitoring and guidance of workers in enclosed spaces is also a research focus. Based on the Circumplex emotion model theory, this paper designs an experiment to assess emotions in an enclosed space with 6 different lighting settings (2 correlated color temperature (CCT) × 3 illuminance levels). From the perspective of subjective assessment, participants used a rapid sensory analysis method (Check-all-that-apply, CATA) and a Subjective Coordinate Scale (SCS) method for rapid ambience perception checking and emotional self-reporting of lighting settings. From the perspective of objective evaluation, the participants' facial expressions were recorded during the experiment using a camera, and then the recorded facial expressions were automatically analyzed and predicted using FaceReader (FRE) software. The CATA and SCS showed similar results, with the 3100 K × 600 lx, 3100 K × 1000 lx and 6500 K × 600 lx lighting settings creating a relaxed, pleasant emotion in participants, the 6500 K × 1000 lx setting creating an excited, tense atmosphere, and the low illumination level settings of 3100 K × 250 lx and 6500 K × 250 lx made participants feel tired and frustrated. The results of the objective emotion analysis indicate that the FRE was able to effectively identify differences in participants' emotions in response to different lighting settings and was consistent with the results of participants' subjective emotion reports. This laboratory study validates that the three methods can effectively assess the enclosed space lighting settings, and provides a reference for further research on the enclosed space lighting settings and emotional monitoring of workers in the future.

Kvalitetnim čitanjem do eko-svijesti

To popularize children's literature and the collection of the Children's Department, Public Library "Filip Višnjić'' in Bijeljina mapped a focal point in the local community through which it can reach the youngest readers. Through a pilot activity and in cooperation with the Center for Strategic Development Projects workshops "Little Gardeners - Growing Together" were realized. They gathered children aged 1 to 12 years intending to grow their own organic garden. By placing the book in a comfortable environment, it becomes an integral part of an activity that causes a lifelong pleasant emotion. The motto of the workshops that also included librarians in the field was "Let our imagination grow, like our healthy garden grows!'', thus pointing to the broad concept of a culture of healthy living, raising awareness of the importance and value of healthy spiritual development, paving the way to the users of high-quality requirements.

ПРИХОВАНИЙ ВПЛИВ НА РЕЦИПІЄНТА У РЕКЛАМІ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ МЕРЕЖІ “FACEBOOK”

The development of the information society has an impact not only on the quality of life of people, but also on the formation of new communication links. The rapid penetration of information technology into different areas of our lives has contributed to the global spread of the Internet, in which social networks are actively used for communication. For advertisers, social networks provide unique opportunities for rapid dissemination of information and direct contact with consumers. The specifics of advertising communication are not only informing the recipient about goods or services, but also influencing him/her through various means. The article raises the problem of discourse of social networks, where various manipulative strategies, tactics and techniques of influence are used when communicating in virtual space. Attention is focused on communicative and pragmatic techniques of manipulative influence on the consciousness of consumers in Ukrainian-language advertising texts of the social network “Facebook”. It is noted that in order to implement the strategy of manipulative influence, advertisers resort to various tactics. The most common of them is the transaccentuation tactic, which consists in forming a positive mood through shifting the emphasis from buying the advertised product or service to receiving pleasant emotions and sensations. Transaccentuation is most often transferred to a feeling of joy, happiness, comfort, peace, help, the absence of obstacles. A value-oriented tactic is also used, which is aimed at activating positive value guidelines in the mind of the addressee and their association with the advertised product or service. In analyzed advertising texts, the following basic values are most often manipulated: freedom, security, rest, family. Less common is the tactic of masking – the creation in an advertising message of such a position of the addressee, which allows you to play different roles in order to transfer communication with the addressee to the plane of personal communication (position of the mentor, interlocutor, adviser).

The relationship of soundscape and shopping behaviors in Malioboro Mall and Ambarrukmo Plaza, Yogyakarta

This study investigates the acoustic comfort of shopping malls related to the standards and people's emotions. The soundscape is vital in shopping malls to attract more visitors. This research studied the soundscapes of two shopping malls in Yogyakarta, focusing on the effect of noise on the environmental perceptions of hedonic and utilitarian consumers. The research took on-site noise measurements to create soundscapes maps. There were also interviews to explore their opinions about the noise inside malls. Data were statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science. The results showed that only some soundscape elements affected arousal emotions among hedonic consumers, concerning a more extensive period of mall visits. No soundscape element affected pleasure emotions among utilitarian consumers with the length of stay in malls. Socio-cultural backgrounds of shopping culture (in traditional and modern markets) and soundscape conditions were also considered. The excessive soundscapes did not directly impact the health negatively of those who spent long periods in malls. The subsequent studies may continue to find the relation between acoustic comfort and the difference with the regulation.

Perceptions of Husband/Wife Couples about Belis (In Terms of The Subjective Well-Being)

Perception is a sensing process where the stimulus is received by the individual through the senses and then interpreted so that the individual understands the stimulus he receives. A husband/wife pair is known as a man and a woman who are united in a legal marriage to form a happy and prosperous family both physically and mentally. Marriage of husband/wife couples in NTT cannot be separated from the customs known as "Belis". Belis or dowry is a gift from the groom to the woman in a large amount of value. Marriage by a husband/wife couple can be done using a belis or without a belis. Subjective well-being is when the individual assesses the quality of life as expected, so that pleasant and prosperous emotions arise. So this literature review discusses the perception of married couples using belis and without belis. Evidence shows that married couples using belis do not feel subjective well-being and husband/wife couples who marry without belis feel subjective well-being.

Does the face expression recognition model under the online entrepreneurial education model important for deep learning technologies and entrepreneurial emotions?

AI's rapid development has already affected the economy and society, and it might revolutionise how goods and services are manufactured and categorized. This affects the country's production, employment rate, and competitiveness. This research aims to determine how emotions (good and negative) impact deep learning technologies and company startup intentions. The research also examined how emotion recognition influences online entrepreneurship education and how deep learning and entrepreneurship are connected In conclusion, the research is one of the pioneering efforts that provides a comprehensive grasp of the deep learning and facial recognition in entrepreneurship. 78 of 650 replies were insufficient, according to the statistics. Some individuals constantly picked 3, while others submitted blank questionnaires. The answer is inadequate. 572 surveys were utilized for study. Positive emotions affect the urge to establish a company, according to the research People who are generally happy may be able to develop their entrepreneurial expertise and be more driven to behave entrepreneurially. Positive and negative emotions have significant impact on the deep learning technology and entrepreneurial intention connection. The findings imply that individuals who often experience pleasant emotions may be better able to improve their entrepreneurial cognition and, as a consequence, their drive to engage in entrepreneurial activity. Facial recognition model in entrepreneurship significantly moderates the relationship between deep learning technology and entrepreneurial intention relationship (=0.262, p 0.001); hence, hypotheses 6, 7, and 8 are validated. This provides support to the hypothesized results, claiming that facial recognition plays a significant role in determining the relationship between the deep learning technology and entrepreneurial intention relationship. The results would be significant for university students, academicians and policymakers as they seek to link practices and outcomes. The study is among the pioneers on the issues related to deep-learning mechanism in eastern China.
 

The Pragmatic Functions of the tilde “~” in China’s Social Media among Youth Groups

China defines “~” (tilde, the wave sign) as punctuation, which serves as a grammar marker. However, as social media becomes popular in people’s daily life, the wave sign acquires another pragmatic meaning and function. Although this change is obvious, few studies have been conducted for a further view. This paper aims to explore the pragmatic meaning and function of “~” beyond its punctuation usage. With a qualitative and quantitative study, it’s found that the tilde “~” is usually popular among a specific group in social media, while it is widely used on both formal and informal occasions. Also, according to Searle’s illocutionary speech acts theory, it’s found that the tilde “~” is mainly used in three speech acts, which are directive speech acts, expressive speech acts, and representative speech acts, respectively. In this paper, the tilde “~” could be considered as a marker from the perspective of its functions: 1) it’s a symbol in multimodal communication that is capable of producing synaesthesia of visual and auditory; 2) it is usually a positive marker hinting a kind of pleasure emotion comparing with other punctuations; 3) it can be a tone modifier mitigating or enhancing the tone of an utterance. This study indicates that a small sign like “~” may enhance the effectiveness of language expression in social media and the need to embrace the dynamic and variety of language study.

Influence of emotion on precision grip force control: A comparison of pleasant and neutral emotion.

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of emotion on force steadiness of isometric precision pinch grip that is not direction-specific. Thirty-two healthy volunteer subjects participated in the present study. Subjects were divided into two experimental groups: pleasant image group and neutral image group. The isometric precision pinch grip task was performed for three times. Specifically, the first task was performed before pleasant or neutral picture viewing, the second task was performed immediately after picture viewing, further the third task was performed 30 seconds after the second task. During the isometric precision pinch grip task, participants were asked to exert pinch grip force at 10% of maximal voluntary contraction with visual feedback. The coefficient of variation of force production and normalized root mean square value of electromyography activity were calculated. After pleasant picture viewing, coefficient of variation of pinch force production and normalized root mean square value of electromyography was decreased. While, in the neutral image condition, theses variables were not altered. More important, compared to the neutral image condition, pleasant emotion led to lower coefficient of variation of pinch grip force production. These findings indicate that pleasant emotion improves force control of isometric precision pinch grip. Therefore, in clinical settings, the emotional state of patients may affect the effectiveness of rehabilitation and should be taken into consideration.

The Impact of Visual Complexity on the Elderly and Young Consumers: Browsing in a Clothing Store

The aging of the world's population will have a considerable impact on the consumer market. Basically, the elderly is less able to accept online purchases than young people. Therefore, many elderly consumers are still accustomed to buying in physical stores. The spatial visual complexity of the store may have an impact on the elderly consumers’ perception, which in turn affects their shopping emotions and behavior. The primary purpose of this study is to empirically explore how visual complexity affects consumers’ perception and psychology in a retail environment; and to further explore the effects on the experiences of the elderly and young consumers. The findings of this study indicate that the combinations of spatial layout and pattern decoration have different influences on the elderly and young consumers’ perceptions and psychological responses in a clothing store. The elderly consumers believe that the higher visual complexity, the more easily their attention is disturbed, and they do not like shopping in the highest spatial visual complexity. In terms of the impact of visual complexity on pleasant emotions, the elderly consumers have stronger impact than the young consumers. The finding suggests that if retailers want the elderly consumers to concentrate on searching for merchandise, they can simplify spatial layouts and decoration patterns to reduce the visual complexity of the space.

Research on Warner Bros.’s Consumer Behavior and Marketing Strategy

Warner Bros. is now one of the most well-known entertainment companies worldwide. They should perform on and off-screen to provide consumers with spiritual and emotional pleasure. Nowadays Warner Bros are competing with many successful entertainment companies for market occupancy. To win, they need to win the consumers’ preference. In order to better satisfy consumers’ needs, Warner Bros Should change consumer’s behavior and set proper marketing strategy.

Motif Penggunaan Media Sosial Instagram di Kalangan Mahasiswa Ilmu Perpustakaan UIN Sumatera Utara

This study aims to identify and analyze cognitive motives and affective motives for using Instagram social media among students of Bibliotechnology, State Islamic University of North Sumatra. This research uses constructivism paradigm with qualitative approach and descriptive procedure. The research subjects were 2 students. Methods of collecting information were tried through interviews, participatory observation, and library research. The information analysis technique was tried with an interactive information analysis model consisting of information reduction, information presentation, and drawing conclusions. The validity of the information is tested through triangulation of sources. The results of the research prove that: 1) The cognitive motives for using Instagram among students prove that there is a fulfillment of data needs from data exchange (sharing) which is the attractive side of Instagram, there is a need to reach the ideational level by sorting content so that what is displayed is perfect imagery and reaches emotional level as an effort to seek attention while fulfilling emotional pleasure. 2) Affective motives for using Instagram social media are directed through the willingness to get new experiences based on other people's content, the willingness to get reactions to the uploaded content, the willingness to acknowledge the image of the account owner so as to urge false reality, and the desire to feel comfortable in the form of a feeling of calm when using Instagram.
 Keywords: Motif, social media, Instagram, uses and gratification theory.

Restorative Effects from Green Exposure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials.

Despite growing research on green space and health benefits, the body of evidence remains heterogeneous and unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with high evidence levels are deemed timely. We searched Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for the literature up to January 2022 and assessed bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0. We calculated joint impact estimates for each green space exposure assessment technique using random and fixed effects models. Compared to non-green space situations, green space exposure was related to decreased negative feelings, such as fatigue -0.84 (95% CI: -1.15 to -0.54), and increased levels of pleasant emotions, such as vitality 0.85 (95% CI: 0.52 to 1.18). It also lowered physiological indicators, including heart rate levels, by 0.60 (95% CI: -0.90 to -0.31). Effect sizes were large and statistically significant, and the overall quality of the evidence was good. Existing RCTs on greenspace exposure pay insufficient attention to older and adolescent populations, different ethnic groups, different regions, and doses of greenspace exposure interventions. More research is needed to understand how and how much green space investment has the most restorative benefits and guide urban green space planning and renewal.