Emotional Movements Research Articles

Emotional stress and orthodontic tooth movement: effects on apical root resorption, tooth movement, and dental tissue expression of interleukin-1 alpha and calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactive nerve fibres in rats

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of emotional stress on apical root resorption (ARR) and tooth displacement during orthodontic tooth movement in rats. A further area of interest was to evaluate if the expression of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1alpha) as well as the density and distribution of peptidergic nerve fibres immunoreactive to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the periodontal ligament (PDL) are associated with possible stress-induced changes in root resorption and tooth movement. A total of 52 male Wistar rats, aged 6 weeks, were divided in three experimental and one control group (n = 4). Group 1 had orthodontic tooth movement and received foot shocks (OTMS; n = 16), group 2 had orthodontic tooth movement but received no foot shocks (OTMNS; n = 16), and group 3 had no orthodontic tooth movement and received foot shocks (NOTMS; n = 16). Each group was further divided into four subgroups (n = 4), corresponding to the period of the experiment, i.e. 3, 7, 13, and 21 days. At the end of each experimental period, the blood samples were taken, the animals were sacrificed, and the jaws excised, deminerialized, and processed for immunocytochemistry. One-way analysis of variance was used to detect inter-group differences for all investigated variables. CGRP immunopositive nerve fibres were evaluated qualitatively. All the experimental groups demonstrated higher corticosterone levels than the control group, suggesting a stress-induced experience by orthodontic treatment per se. The OTMS group had the least amount of cellular cementum throughout the experimental periods and showed significant reduction in tooth displacement, especially at 3 and 7 days. No obvious changes were observed in the dental tissue expression of IL-1alpha and CGRP immunoreactive nerve fibres between the stressed and non-stressed orthodontically treated groups.

Discrimination and Implementation of Emotions on Zoomorphic Robot Movements

This paper discusses discrimination and implementation of emotions on a zoomorphic robot aiming at design- ing emotional robot movements and improving robot friendliness. We consider four emotions; joy, anger, sadness, and fear. Two opposite viewpoints, performer and observer, are considered to acquire emotional movement data for analysis. The performer subjects produce emotional movements and movements that are easy to be recognized as expressions of the intended emotion are selected among the measured movements by the observer subjects. Discriminating the emotion embedded in a movement is tried using feature values based on the Laban movement analysis (LMA) and the principal component analysis (PCA). By the discrimination using PCA, the resultant rates of the correct discrimination are about 70% for all four emotions. The features of emotional movements are presumed from the coefficients of the discrimination function obtained in the emotion discrimination using PCA. Emotions are implemented by converting a setup for basic movements by employing the design principle based on the movement features. The result of the verification experiment suggests that four emotional movements are divided into two groups; the joy and anger group and the sadness and fear group. The emotional movements of joy or anger are dynamic, large-scale and frequent being relatively easy to interpret the intended emotion, while the emotional movements of sadness or fear are static, small-scale and little making difficult to understand the feature of movements.

Differentiating the human mirror neuron system from neural imitation network: functional imaging of emotional and neutral facial movements

Differentiating the human mirror neuron system from neural imitation network: functional imaging of emotional and neutral facial movements

The First Time is the Hardest? A Cross-National and Cross-Issue Comparison of First-Time Protest Participants

The study aims to extend the existing knowledge about the dynamics of first-time participation in protest events. To tackle that puzzle we rely on extensive and innovative protest survey evidence covering 18 separate demonstrations in eight countries across nine different issues. On the individual level, age, motivation, and non-organizational mobilization appear to be consistent and robust predictors of first-timership. On the aggregate level, demonstrations staged just after or during a protest wave, large demonstrations, and demonstrations of old or new emotional movements are attended by a relatively larger share of first-timers. We conclude that it is thus the interplay of individual- and aggregate-level determinants that produces first-time participation.

Piggy (review)

Reviewed by: Piggy Deborah Stevenson Geus, Mireille. Piggy; tr. from the Dutch by Nancy Forest-Flier. Front Street, 2008 [112p] ISBN 978-1-59078-636-9 $14.95 Reviewed from galleys R Gr. 7–10 Dizzy’s not much of one for making friends, either at her special school or in her neighborhood, but when Piggy (Dizzy’s misunderstanding of “Peggy”) moves to the neighborhood, Dizzy’s swept up in the new girl’s orbit. Like Dizzy, Piggy is an outsider, but she’s got a rage and a hunger for payback. She’s also developing a plan, which Dizzy doesn’t really understand but finds herself participating in nonetheless. When it turns out that Piggy’s plan is genuinely dangerous and destructive, involving not only scaring a group of local boys but actually imprisoning them, can Dizzy stand up for herself and for Piggy’s victims? Dizzy’s present-tense narration conveys her frame of mind with keen immediacy. Readers will understand why she succumbs to Piggy’s influence even as they wish she’d manage to resist it, and the book lays bare her struggle with some basic human dynamics (passing comments suggest she’s got autism or Asperger’s) while keeping her a person worthy of respect. Belgian author Geus deftly manages to make clear that Piggy is seriously troubled as well as serious trouble even as Dizzy herself doesn’t grasp this fact. The emotional movement is subtle, but it’s a heartening moment when Dizzy goes against Piggy’s wishes; it’s even more heartening when Dizzy resists Piggy’s attempt to suck her right back in again, so her decision, a year later, not to respond to Piggy’s attempt at contact seems a further development of her ability to stand up for herself. The title’s compactness adds accessibility for readers who prefer sprint reads to distance, [End Page 117] and this would be a natural discussion-starter for readers ranging from reluctant to adventurous. Copyright © 2008 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Development of Experimental Animation through Evaluation of Emotional Movements

Development of Experimental Animation through Evaluation of Emotional Movements

Listening to words, seeing images: Metaphors of emotional movement

Using three case illustrations, the new cognitive linguistic theory of metaphor is presented, and its usefulness for psychoanalytic practice is demonstrated. The step from poetic to conceptual metaphor and, further, to mental kinesics and embodied schemata, as proposed by cognitive linguistics, illustrates the closeness of this approach to the essence of psychoanalysis. The Freudian programmatic theorem, that the ego is embodied, can be applied in more detail. Language is not the opposite of embodiment but its continuation. Conclusions for psychosomatics are indicated.

Hypersensibilité aux fluctuations de l'investissement maternel d'un nourrisson évoluant vers un syndrome autistique. Distance et gestion des émotions

We study the interest of in private clinic of the autistic syndrome the use of the "distance in the relation". This research tool served to explore infant capabilitie of maternal psychic operation recognition based on affective process. We expose the case of a 2 years old baby, with a light autistic syndrome, and an over-sensitiveness with the fluctuations of the maternal investment. Catastrophic emotional movements occurred when mother tended to move away from child in thought. In terms of distance, this partial withdrawal of investment was equivalent to a loss of maternal support. To propose to the parent such a rebuilding interactive events can help to locate it the sensitivity of his/her infant to his/her psychic operation and to support the therapeutic alliance.

Towards ‘New Emotional Movements’? A Comparative Exploration into a Specific Movement Type

In this article we broaden the scope of earlier research that established a theoretical specificity for the Belgian ‘White March’ and ‘White Movement’, by comparing them to three similar movements and mobilizations that were also triggered by random violence. The comparisons suggest that we are dealing with a new type of social movement and mobilization, preliminarily referred to as ‘new emotional movements’. The three other cases under study are the ‘Snowdrop Campaign’ in the UK, the ‘Million Mom March’ in the US and the ‘Movement against Senseless Violence’ in the Netherlands. Four important features seem to characterize all cases: the central role of emotions and victimization in the mobilization and development of the movement; broad elite support; organizational weakness; and extensive media support. We distinguish two sub-types of new emotional movements: (1) an instrumental variant with clear-cut aims and demands; and (2) an identity variant with displays of solidarity and compassion as the main constitutive elements. In both cases the initiators lack prior organizational experience and the absence of mobilizing organizations is compensated for by mass media support. In the instrumental sub-type neither the victims nor their relatives take the initiative but lend support and give approval to amateur entrepreneurs. The main mobilizing emotion appears to be fear about the possibility of personal suffering, and this emotion is reflected in the formulation of clear-cut demands for the future prevention of similar events. This instrumentality results in elite support being considerably broad, yet partisan. In contrast, the victims themselves take the initiative in the identity variant, causing the movement to remain more or less without specific demands but ensuring a broad support that is not bounded by party lines.

Affect, History, and Race and Ellison's Invisible Man

In his article "Affect, History, and Race and Ellison's Invisible Man" Alan Bourassa explores the implications of the Deleuze and Guattarian concept of "affect" for a reading of Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man. In the novel's most problematic relationship -- that between race and history -- there is a third term that transforms the problematic. Invisible Man is simultaneously a conventional novel that establishes emotional individuality as the third term between history and race, and an "underground" novel that sets up "affect" as the third term. If Invisible Man is only about the emotional movements of the individual, race becomes merely an ineffective personal response to an inadequate conceptualization of history. But if "affect" is the third term of the problematic, then history and race are transformed. History becomes a set of unrealized possibilities that can be activated by the narrator. Affect opens up the revolutionary potential of an historical situation by transforming it into sets of embryonic forces that resist mechanization. And, in conjunction with affect, race is transformed into a series of a-personal movements and relationships of force that operate effectively in this embryonic world. Invisible Man is the chronicle of the narrator's affective evolution, his history of invisibility.

Snow Water (review)

Reviewed by: Snow Water Raichard Rankin Russell Snow Water, by Michael Longley , pp. 64. Winston-Salem: Wake Forest University Press, 2004. $10.95 (paper). One of the major poets from the Belfast Group run by Philip Hobsbaum in the early to mid-1960s at Queen's University, Michael Longley is often associated with his fellow Northern Irish poets Seamus Heaney and Derek Mahon. Longley has evolved his particular and distinctive poetic over a series of formally crafted volumes, beginning with No Continuing City in 1969. After an early fascination with compressed lyrics, rhyme, and para-rhyme, Longley's work, particularly after his twelve-year hiatus from writing poetry during the period 1979-1991, explored the wider range of freer verse forms beginning with Gorse Fires (1991) and continuing with The Ghost Orchid (1995). Additionally, his supple employment of the long line in such poems as "Laertes," Anticleia," and "The Butchers" (Gorse Fires), invests these later volumes with a lovely balance to his continuing interest in short lyrics and sonnet variations such as "Ceasefire" (The Ghost Orchid). With the publication of The Ghost Orchid and The Weather in Japan (2000), Longley's poetry explores his widest variety of forms and subjects. His compass has expanded to include, along with his continued interests in such subjects as classical mythology, World War I, the natural world, and an increasing fascination with Asian cultures. This interest is manifested in poems in The Ghost Orchid such as "Massive Lovers," "A Grain of Rice," "Chinese Objects," and "Chinese Occasions," and throughout The Weather in Japan (2000). The Asian insistence on concise forms, or karumi, and specific words accords with Longley's belief that semantically precise poetry achieves a truth useful in exploding stereotypes about false cultural and political identities in Northern Ireland. With Snow Water, Longley's mature gifts as a senior poet are on full display. These include his masterly control of tone, lyric precision, and diction, as well as form. The volume is framed with two poems, "Overhead" and "Leaves," about a beech tree outside the poet's window. Both compare the poet to this [End Page 151] tree and portray him in the midst of current and projected inspiration, respectively. The poet's clear recognition of his aging self in these two poems emerges elsewhere in the volume through a series of elegies for dead friends, such as "Marsh Marigolds," "An October Sun," "Snipe," "White Water," and "Heron." The quotidian titles of these works suggest Longley's continuing interest in the everyday and his complementary ability to make the ordinary extraordinary, often by investing a seemingly static scene with surprising emotional movement. The intertwining of natural and human life in all their fragility in these elegies and other poems in the volume suggests Longley's conception of an holistic, interrelated world, the variety and singularity of which is diminished by the death of friends such as Penny Cabot, the poet Michael Hartnett, Sheila Smyth, the poet James Simmons, and Kenneth Koch. Many of these poems, are after all, love poems, in an expansive sense of the term, and they caressingly survey the natural landscape and its inhabitants, especially its avian citizens, around the poet's adopted home in the townland of Carrigskeewaun in County Mayo. Over the past several decades, as an essayist, editor, poet, and director for Literature and the Arts for the Arts Council of Northern Ireland (retiring from this last position in 1991), Longley has argued—as an antidote to the poisonous political discourse in the province—for a conception of Northern Ireland as a varied regional entity that is enriched by cultural contributions from both Catholics and Protestants. While he undoubtedly continues to view his native province in this manner, Snow Water offers ample evidence that his regionalism has become expansive enough to encompass continents and to suture seamlessly wounds, personal and political, in so doing. For example, the speaker in "Two Skunks," who I take to be the poet himself, offers Longley's friend Helen Lewis, a Holocaust survivor, "a skunk spun out of glass / And so small as to be almost unbreakable," a sort of replacement for the dead skunk he has recently seen near the Delaware...

Undergraduate Management Skills Courses And Students’ Emotional Intelligence

In this paper, we draw parallels between teaching undergraduate management skills and the emotional intelligence movement: both address the need for personal and interpersonal skills to help one succeed in work and in life, both identify a comprehensive set of skills which can be learned by adults, and both identify various reflective and self-monitoring techniques to learn and teach these skills. Using a pre-test/post-test experimental design, we provide evidence that current methods of teaching management skills to undergraduates also build emotional intelligence. Results of our study show that 121 students taking an undergraduate management skills course significantly improved their emotional intelligence scores during a 16 week semester, while a control group of 113 students taking other business courses did not. We discuss the implications of our results and call for more research and discussion about undergraduate management skill courses and emotional intelligence.

Treatment of facial nerve paralysis using static suspension methods

After the injury of facial nerve, facial muscles are subjected to complex series of biochemical and histological changes, which lead to muscular atrophy if reinnervation is not restored. Facial palsy is very difficult to manage completely. Regardless this fact, the plan of correction has to be directed towards the following: restoration of normal function, normal facial appearance at rest, symmetry in voluntary movements as well as symmetry in involuntary and emotional movements. Static suspension methods were used in our study. All patients had unilateral complete facial nerve palsy but one female patient who experienced the palsy of frontal branch of n.facialis. This method was successfully used to lift the eyebrow, the lid and to improve lagophthalmus on the paralytic side, then the angle and paralytic part of the lip, to reinforce buccal wall of oral cavity as well as to reconstruct new nasolabial fold. The results were satisfactory and permanent.

Identifying and appreciating poetic metaphor

This article concerns subjects' appreciation of metaphors in poems. It reports the findings of two empirical studies on the role and effect of an intervening directed metaphor-identification task (compared and contrasted with the effect of verb-identification and read-again tasks) in the subsequent appreciation of poetic metaphor. These studies demonstrate that consciously identifying poetic metaphors enhances people's aesthetic appreciation of and emotional reaction to these phrases, contrary to the widespread intuition that picking apart texts to classify different tropes interferes with one's pleasure in reading metaphors. Any explanation of why metaphor identification enhances appreciation of and emotional reaction to poetic statements must be speculative, but one hypothesis worth pursuing is that actually recognizing a statement as a metaphor (as a linguistic type) alerts readers to the very possibility of rich cross-domain mappings, which immediately leads readers to seek out some of these rich metaphoric meanings. A further interesting finding from these studies is that metaphor identification appears to enhance both appreciation of poetic metaphors, and emotional reactions to them, to the same degree. This correlation in the data suggests that readers' judgements of aesthetic appreciation of metaphors may be shaped, at least to some significant degree, by their felt sense of embodied, emotional movement. Under this view, people's aesthetic appreciation of metaphor, and perhaps any other artwork, is not a purely intellectual act, but has its roots in recurring patterns of embodied action that may underlie many aspects of thought and language use.

Op het elan van de democratie : Emoties als mobilisatiefactor in de Belgische politieke geschiedenis

In recent years, several authors have stated that emotions have come to play a more important role in political life, especially in political mass mobilisation. Ouring the 1990s, Belgium and other Western countries have indeed witnessed some spectacular examples of emotion-driven mobilisation. In this article, we argue that emotions are not an innovation in political mass-mobilisation. Various examples from the Belgian political history of the 19th and 20th centuries demonstrate that emotions have always been a key factor for explaining the occurrence, the form and the outcome of political protest. The mobilising role of emotions cannot be considered as aquantitative innovation, and therefore the expression 'new emotional movements' does not seem warranted. We make the claim that these recent mobilisations are not typical because of their reliance on emotions, but rather because of their tendency toward de-institutionalisation.

Emotional face recognition and eye movements in schizophrenia

Emotional face recognition and eye movements in schizophrenia

“Toys of desperation” suicide as protest rhetoric

This paper examines the act of protest suicide as a form of rhetoric. Three representative cases of protest suicide, those of Emily Wilding Davison, Terence James MacSwiney, and Norman Morrison/Roger LaPorte, are studied for insight into the following unanswered questions concerning this act. What blend of emotional expression and movement goals motivates the actor? In a free society with other avenues of dissent open, why choose an act as extreme and irrevocable as protest suicide? What is the act's impact on those within and those outside the movement? By viewing protest suicide as a form of “symbolic inducement,” this method of dissent may be seen as a rhetorical act whose motivation, form and impact can be better understood.

Surgical repair versus expectant treatment in facial palsy. II. A final comment on papers by Hayes Martin and Helsper.

When the facial nerve is paralyzed, emotional control of the face as well as voluntary movements are both destroyed. Whereas voluntary movements, as I have stressed over and over again, can be performed if nervous impulses from any suitable center in the brain reach the muscles concerned, emotional control can only be restored if impulses from the facial centers in the brain reach the muscles, because the symmetry and synchronism of the emotional movements of the face are dependent on the close cooperation of the cortical facial centers of both hemispheres. Consequently, if the facial nerve is injured at an accessible site, it should be repaired as soon as possible, and this may be accomplished by modern facial nerve surgery. Hayes Martin and Helsper, however, have postulated that following surgical section and sacrifice of a considerable segment of the seventh cranial nerve (including a portion of its main trunk and

Surgical repair versus expectant treatment in traumatic facial palsy.

When facial nerve is paralyzed, patient loses what Ballance and Duel have so aptly named the language of facial expression. Emotional movements and power of voluntary movement are both destroyed. Only when absolutely symmetrical impulses reach facial muscles on both sides at exactly same moment will a patient exposed to emotional stimulation be able to react normally. Such impulses can only originate in facial nuclei, because symmetry and synchronism of emotional movements of face are dependent on close cooperation of cortical facial centers of both hemispheres. Voluntary movements on other hand can be performed if only nervous impulses from any suitable center in brain reach muscles concerned. This is illustrated in Figure 1. During a mastoidectomy performed elsewhere, facial nerve had been cut and distal end of facial nerve had been anastomosed to

FACIAL PALSY

Paralysis of the face results from any interruption to the nervous pathway from the cerebral cortex to the muscles. The character of the paralysis differs, however, according to whether the disease involves the path above the facial nucleus, the nucleus itself or the fibres of the nerve; thus we may differentiate between supranuclear paralysis on the one hand and intranuclear paralysis on the other. In the former, the upper muscles of the face are little, if at all, affected, while those in the lower half suffer maximally; in the latter all parts of the face are affected. In supranuclear paralysis voluntary movements are more affected than emotional movements, whereas in nuclear or infranuclear paralysis they suffer equally. There is also an important difference in the electrical reactions in the two forms. In supranuclear disease the reactions are normal, but in lesions of the nucleus or nerve changes occur in the fibres which result in the loss of conductivity and the preservation only of the galvanic excitability of the muscle fibres.