Emotional Involvement Research Articles

Analyzing emergency evacuation scenarios in Ghana based on different groups profiles in a classroom

It depends on both the pedestrians and the building whether they can be evacuated from a building safely and quickly in any situation. Understanding pedestrian behavior is crucial when designing buildings for safe evacuation in emergencies like earthquakes and fires. Since this topic has yet to be fully explored in Ghana, we conducted experiments in a classroom to capture the characteristics of pedestrian movements during an emergency. In this experimental study, students were asked to pretend to evacuate during an emergency. The simulation and comparison of the evacuation of students from a classroom were conducted using a multi-grid model in our study. The study examines several factors that influence evacuation characteristics. These factors include pedestrian density, speed, time, door width, body mass index, and classroom capacity. The paper describes in detail all study phases, including planning, preliminary work, observational studies, empirical data collection, and statistical analysis. It thoroughly examines pre-movement time, group density, and velocities for groups and individuals moving through doorways, traveling distances, and walking in educational settings. A person’s state of mind and psychological abilities are also taken into account, as well as their level of emotional involvement in the movement. The obtained results are also discussed for evacuation planning in educational institutions under different conditions.

Детско-взрослая общность как фактор становления коллектива на первом этапе школьного образования (часть 1)

The article discusses the conditions and means of forming a team in elementary school. As the main aspects, three levels of its development are singled out: a diffuse group, a community, and, in fact, a collective. The criteria for the manifestation of the educational team in the child-adult community are characterized: the general circle, the formation of the class asset, mentoring, the rating system, discipline and self-organization, activity, goal-setting, team building, emotional involvement, the emotional background of the class. Three possible positions of the teacher when working with the class team are identified: authoritarianism, co-management, self-management.

Study on the current situation and influencing factors of job involvement for employed nurses in military hospital

Objective: To investigate the current situation of job involvement of nurses in military hospitals in Henan Province and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide reference for improving the level of job involvement of military nurses. Methods: In February 2022, the employed nurses of 4 military hospitals in Henan Province were investigated by convenient sampling method. A total of 663 questionnaires were collected, including 632 valid questionnaires, with an effective recovery rate of 95.32%. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic information of nurses, the Job Involvement Scale was used to investigate the job involvement of nurses, the Emotional Labor Scale for Nurses was used to investigate nurses' emotions, and the Work-Family Conflict Scale was used to investigate the work-family conflict of nurses. Independent sample t-test and univariate analysis of variance were used to compare the job involvement of military employed nurses with different demographic characteristics, Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between emotional labor, work-family conflict and job involvement, and hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore the impact of relevant variables on the job involvement of military employed nurses. Results: The total average score of job involvement of military employed nurses was (3.68±1.13), and the scores of vitality, dedication and focus were (3.64±1.15), (3.74±1.25) and (3.67±1.21) respectively. The total score of emotional labor of nurses was 33-80 (62.95±8.12), with an average score of (3.93±0.51). The total score of work-family conflict was 18-94 (55.16±13.53), with an average score of (3.06±0.75). Professional emotional regulation, patient-centered emotional inhibition and standardized emotional play were positively related to the job involvement (r=0.46, 0.41, 0.22, P<0.01). Time-based conflict, stress-based conflict and behavior-based conflict had negative correlation with the job involvement (r=-0.12, -0.23, -0.20, P<0.01). In hierarchical regression analysis, after controlling demographic variables, emotional labor and work-family conflict accounted for 17.2% and 4.2% of the variation of job involvement. Conclusion: The job involvement of military employed nurses tends to be at a moderate level. Emotional labor and work-family conflict can significantly affect their job involvement.

Corporate culture of organization: Social capital management under challenges and risks

The criteria for the analysis of the emotional-psychological state of the organization’s personnel imply the study of the capitalization of cultural values and the presentations of results in the form of mathematical indicators of the projective situation. In the article, corporate culture is considered through the capitalization of its team’s cultural values and its business reputation. The study is based on the metric data (parameters) of the capitalization of cultural values in the context of their application to assess the behavior and cultural ethos of the organization’s team. The object of the applied research was the collective of the private enterprise providing services in the fuel-energy sector; the authors examined the social factors in the formation of its corporate culture (the survey focused on the personnel and managers’ assessment of the social-psychological climate and was based on the quota sample consisting of 16 managers and 100 staff members). The results of the study allow to develop a technology for the effective management of corporate culture under new challenges and risks. Traditions of cooperation, trust and reciprocity were considered on the basis of the works of the classics of sociology. The authors suggested the criteria (parameters) for assessing social capital and social norms which reveal the personnel’s abilities and are developed by the organization in a certain period. The study showed discrepancies in the assessment of the parameters of corporate culture by managers and staff. Thus, managers attach great importance to such a parameter as the emotional-psychological state of the team, while the staff does not appreciate the mutual understanding of micro-groups and shows less emotional involvement. Such results confirm the problems in the management of corporate culture as social capital.

PECULIARITIES OF SELF-ATTITUDE OF EDUCATIONISTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the problem of emotional burnout of pedagogues. In particular, an analysis of the peculiarities of self-attitude of educationists with different levels of emotional burnout is made. &#x0D; The nature of the connection between the level of emotional burnout of educationists and the peculiarities of their professional self-consciousness, in particular self-attitude as one of the components of a specialist’s self-consciousness, is analyzed. The results of the comparative study proved that inspite rather high indicators of self-approval and positive self-esteem, the studied pedagogues are not sure that their personality is interesting for others, and they are also convinced that other people and colleagues are not interested in them. We came to the conclusion that most of the symptoms and phases of emotional burnout are not formed within the group of the studied educationists, but they are characterized with a certain emotional closedness, aloofness and indifference, which can be an indicator of their emotional exhaustion, and against this background any emotional involvement into professional affairs and communications can cause the feeling of excessive fatigue of pedagogues.&#x0D; The results of a comparative analysis of peculiarities of the self-attitude of educationists with different levels of emotional burnout indicate a general high level of self-attitude of the subjects, but do not exclude the formation of professional deformations of them. In general, it was found that a high level of positive self-attitude of educationists correlates with a low level of manifestation of symptoms and phases of burnout in their professional activities. Educationists with a positive self-attitude are less likely to feel emotional exhaustion, fatigue, and desolation caused by professional activity. In addition, pedagogues with positive self-attitude are less likely to experience the leveling of professional achievements, disruption of professional communications, dissatisfaction with themselves as professionals and their own professional activity, as well as psychosomatic diseases, perception of the conditions of professional activity and interpersonal relationships in the professional area as psychologically traumatic.

Characteristics and influencing factors of early childhood teachers' work stress and burnout: A comparative study between China, Ghana, and Pakistan.

Many studies have documented the stress and burnout experienced by early childhood teachers. However, few have focused on comparisons among countries, particularly developing ones. Meanwhile, female teachers, who are more sensitive and tend to provide emotional responses, are often overlooked as a major force of emotional involvement. This study examined the similarities and differences of early childhood teachers' stress, burnout, and gender in China, Ghana, and Pakistan. This study adopted a cross-sectional design. The participants included 945 preschool and lower primary school teachers recruited from Zhejiang Province in China, the Ashanti Region in Ghana, and Punjab, Pakistan. The analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling. First, the study estimated all parameters separately and without constraints between the groups for all models. Second, the study compared the latent mean difference and of stressors and burnout between teachers' personal and job characteristics. Third, a structural equation model was used to assess the relationship between teachers' stressors and burnout. Across the three countries, female teachers are more stressed out, with higher emotional demands and work-family conflicts, and are more prone to burnout with a greater level of emotional exhaustion and a lower level of personal accomplishments than their male counterparts are. Moreover, Chinese teachers were found to be the most stressed-out group with the highest level of burnout. In comparison to teachers in China and Pakistan, early childhood teachers in Ghana possess the lowest level of emotional demands. With the lowest level of emotional exhaustion and the highest level of personal accomplishments, Pakistani teachers were unlikely to experience burnout. This study comparatively analyzed the characteristics of stress and burnout among ECTs in different cultural settings and educational systems in three developing countries (China, Ghana, and Pakistan), and revealed workplace characteristics and circumstances for ECTs. In addition, this study takes gender as the main influencing factor and explores its effect on ECTs' stress and burnout, and it highlights and verifies "emotionality" in ECTs' profession. As a result, policymakers and stakeholders in different countries may be encouraged to improve ECE quality and the well-being of ECTs.

Mindfulness and tourism: The case of Madurese cultural heritage sites

&lt;p&gt;Mindful tourists are able to appreciate and understand heritage sites better than those who are mindless. Mindfulness is a concept that helps tourists build interpretations that will improve the quality of the experience and create a sustainable relationship between tourists and heritage sites. Mindful travellers are those who are actively engaged with interpretations of heritage sites that result in greater learning and understanding. In contrast, a mindless individual is one who follows a routine, pays limited attention to what he does and is stuck in a rigid mindset. Thus, this study aims to identify, build and validate measures of mindfulness in the context of cultural heritage tourism. This research uses quantitative research methods and is carried out in the Madura region which has cultural heritage tourism potential. The question items used to measure mindfulness were developed based on an extensive review of past literature. The data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires to 150 local Madurese and non-Madurese tourists.. The results revealed from this study show four different factors in measuring mindfulness, namely curiosity and attention, alertness, emotional involvement and openness and flexibility. The findings derived from this study offer new insights in understanding the concept of mindfulness&lt;/p&gt;

Effect of Early Ability, Learning Independence, and Attitude of Confidence Towards Student Involvement

Many schools and universities in Indonesia have implemented combination learning or blended learning. Many factors influence student involvement in blended learning, including initial abilities, independent learning, and student attitudes. This study aims to determine the effect of initial abilities, learning independence and self-confidence on student involvement in blended learning. The initial ability variable is measured from the aspect of skills in using information technology, the willingness to use information technology, the availability of information technology, and confidence in the reliability of information technology. Learning independence is measured by not depending on others, disciplined behavior, a sense of responsibility, behaving based on initiative, and exercising self-control. The attitude variable of self-confidence is measured by confidence in using information technology, asking and answering questions, expressing opinions, and completing tasks on their own. Student involvement in online learning is viewed from 3 dimensions, namely cognitive, emotional and behavioral involvement. This study uses a non-experimental quantitative research design and is analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS). Data was collected using a questionnaire and distributed to students in Indonesia. The study results show that learning using blended learning initial abilities, learning independence, and self-confidence affect student involvement.

Присоединение как табу в коммуникативном поведении медиатора

The article is devoted to the description and justification of prohibitions in the communicative behavior of a professional linguistic personality. The communicative taboos of a mediator as a neutral mediator in a conflict/dispute are considered. Attention is paid to the prohibitions associated with the mediator joining the parties in the negotiation process.&#x0D; The impossibility of direct observation of the mediator's communicative behavior in connection with the principle of confidentiality in mediation led to the choice of research methods and material: linguopragmatic and discourse analysis of open mediation sources, participant observation and intraprofessional communication with mediators.&#x0D; The author examines the implementation of the principle of neutrality in mediation and defines the value guideline of the mediator's communicative behavior – non-alignment with the parties. There are prohibitions that characterize joining as a strict taboo of the mediator's communicative behavior: verbal (language and speech) prohibitions, thematic and non-verbal (sound, mimic and gesture) prohibitions, spatial-temporal and organizational prohibitions.&#x0D; It is noted that joining the parties significantly affects the process and results of mediation. The mediator's partiality and emotional involvement can lead to the loss of confidence of the parties and to the end of negotiations. The high taboo nature of the mediator's communicative behavior requires from the specialist of this communicative profession the ability of self-reflection and self-control.

SCHOOL BELONGINGNESS DURING COVID-19: STUDY IN PRIVATE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN JAKARTA

An important aspect of students' emotional involvement in school that will help students to be more motivated and achieve optimally is how much students are attached and involved to their school. The definition commonly used to describe student involvement with their school is school belongingness. School belongingness as a condition when students feel personally accepted, valued, involved and supported in the social environment of the school. Seeing the importance of this aspect of school belonging to the psychological aspects of students in Indonesia, especially Jakarta as focus of this initial research. This research involved four private schools in Jakarta that participated in the study (one junior high school, two regular high schools, and one vocational high schools) in Jakarta with total of 826 participants. This study measured school belonging using the Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale (PSSM). The results showed that there was no significant difference in school belongingness in terms of sex, class, major, and device used during online learning. The results of the analysis showed a significant difference in the mean on six different aspects. The presence or absence of favourite teachers and school friends also distinguishes the level of school belongingness of students. With their favourite teachers and schoolmates, students have higher school belongingness. There is a significant difference in school belongingness seen from the reasons for choosing school, students' perceptions of the implementation of online learning and activity in school organizations or activities.

First-Year Students’ Perceptions of Their Learning Experience at Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City

This study explored how first-year students perceived their learning experience at Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh city (IUH). The freshmen’s learning experience was measured by their academic, social, and emotional involvement in educationally purposeful activities. The research also examined the intercorrelations of various aspects of learning experience and their relationships with freshmen’s satisfaction and sense of belonging. Data collected from an online survey with the participation of 898 IUH first-year students showed that students highly rated the quality of their lecturers’ teaching practices, the institutional support, and expressed their satisfaction with their entire learning experience. Data, however, indicated areas that needed improving. IUH first-year students did not make enough academic effort because of low levels of the coursework’s challenge. Moreover, the quantity and quality of the interactions between first-year students and other members of IUH were still low, which negatively affected students’ sense of belonging to the university. The study also pointed out factors positively correlated with students’ satisfaction and sense of belonging, including the institutional support, the quality of students’ relationships with socializing agents on campus, and the high quality of teaching practices. Based on these results, some suggestions were put forward to help IUH motivate first-year students to make more effort in their study; support and encourage students’ better integration with IUH learning environment; and increase students’ sense of belonging to the university.

TikTok app usage behavior: the role of hedonic consumption experiences

PurposeTikTok social media app has become one of the most popular forms of leisure and entertainment activities, but how hedonic consumption experiences (comprising fantasy, escapism, enjoyment, role projection, sensory, arousal and emotional involvement) of the TikTok app determine users' intention to use the app and its resulting impact on the actual usage behavior remains limited in the information systems literature, especially featuring the hedonic consumption perspective in entertainment industry.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs uses & gratification theory to answer the “why” via predicting the role of hedonic consumption experiences that serve as gratifications to trigger technology acceptance behavior (especially, in form of users' behavioral intention to use the TikTok app and its further impact on usage behavior). This study utilizes the partial least squares-structural equation modeling approach to perform data analyses on 258 TikTok app users.FindingsOur results provide a strong support such that users' playful consumption experiences (i.e. escapism, role projection, arousal, sensory experience and enjoyment) positively influence their intention to use the TikTok app and its resultant effect on users' actual usage of the app. In contrast, fantasy and emotional involvement fail to influence users' intention to use the TikTok app.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, our investigation is one of the first studies to apply the hedonic consumption experiences as potential gratifications that derive users' intention and its subsequent influence on the actual usage of the TikTok app. Our study results would assist marketing and brand managers to redefine approaches and tactics to create effective strategies that implement essential determinants to increase behavioral intention among entertainment service providers.

Enhancing Fine Motor Skills in Children with Mental Disabilities through Basic Lego-Based Interventions

This research investigates the efficacy of utilizing basic Legos to enhance the fine motor skills of children diagnosed with various mental disabilities. The study explores the impact of structured activities involving basic Legos on the development of fine motor skills in this specific demographic. A mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating both quantitative assessments and qualitative insights. Quantitative evaluations using standardized measures, such as the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS) and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2), demonstrated statistically significant improvements in fine motor skills post-intervention. Qualitative data obtained through observations and interviews echoed these quantitative findings, indicating increased engagement, improved problem-solving abilities, and heightened emotional involvement among the children during Lego-based activities. The findings suggest a positive impact of engaging children with mental disabilities in activities involving basic Legos. These results offer potential implications for therapeutic interventions, educational strategies, and the overall quality of life for this demographic. The outcomes contribute to a better understanding of effective and engaging interventions, stimulating further research and practical applications that support the growth and well-being of these children.

Воспитательные установки родителей и их представления о конфликтах с детьми младшего подросткового возраста

&lt;p&gt;The purpose of the study was to identify the relationship between the educational attitudes of parents and their perception of the conflict of relationships with younger adolescents. The study involved 72 parents of younger adolescents, in an equal ratio of fathers and mothers. For the study of educational attitudes, the questionnaire &amp;ldquo;Parental Attitude Research Instrument&amp;rdquo; (PARI) by E.S. Schaefer &amp;amp; R.Q. Bell (adapted by T.V. Neshcheret) was used. The peculiarities of parents&amp;rsquo; ideas about conflicts with adolescent children were revealed using a developed questionnaire concerning certain private issues of the course of conflicts in the families of respondents with their children. It was found that the emotional distance of parents with simultaneous concentration on the child is combined with the frequent occurrence of conflicts with younger adolescents. Parents who are the first to contact a child after a conflict, unlike parents who expect initiative from a teenager, suppress the child less and have better emotional contact with him. Most parents focus on the destructive impact of conflicts on their relationships with their children. Those parents who analyze conflict situations with children and find more constructive impact of the conflict on their relationships, maintain a balance of suppressing the child and giving him freedom, concern for his safety and trust in the child, and also try to exercise rigor in a dosed manner, control irritability and maintain emotional involvement in relationships with children. These data confirm the assumption that there is a connection between the attitude of parents to the child and the frequency of conflicts with him, an assessment of the impact of conflicts on the nature of child-parent relations.&lt;/p&gt;

Translanguaging in performance: an ethnographic drama approach

ABSTRACT Translanguaging involves communication through available semiotic resources, including embodied action. In this paper, we report research in which we observed communication in a volleyball team. We also show how we found conventional academic writing to have limited scope in the representation of embodied communicative practice and came to ethnographic drama as a viable alternative. In the theatre, the enaction of everyday communication is laid out before the audience, inviting reflection, and critical evaluation. We discuss theatre techniques that steer the audience away from emotional involvement and towards intellectual judgement. We propose that techniques introduced in Bertolt Brecht’s [1978. Brecht on Theatre. London: Bloomsbury Academic ] theatre of estrangement have the potential to expand the range and scope of ethnographic analysis, offering a creative means of critical reflection on translanguaging as embodied communication.

Ictal semiology of gelastic seizures

Gelastic seizures are rare epileptic manifestations characterized by laughter or a smile. The main etiology is represented by hypothalamic hamartoma, but also focal localization of the epileptogenic zone is described.We reviewed a group of patients with gelastic seizures to describe the semiology and to establish any difference related to diverse epilepsy etiologies.Thirty-five seizures from 16 patients (6 females) were reviewed.The study confirms that hypothalamic hamartoma is the more frequent etiology associated with gelastic seizures. Laughter represented the majority of gelastic ictal signs, while the ictal smile was less frequent. In 87.5% of patients, the manifestation of laughter or smile was the only ictal phenomenon, or the first and the most important clinical sign.Interestingly, it has been observed that patients with a lesion localized in the hypothalamic region had more frequently laughter with emotional involvement and that laughter was the only manifestation of the seizure. On the contrary, patients with lesions localized outside the hypothalamic region had more often seizures with laugh without emotional involvement, resembling a more mechanical action, and associated with other semeiological signs.It, therefore, seems possible to assume that the emotional involvement and the expression of mirth during the seizure, especially in children, are more frequently associated with hypothalamic hamartoma. On the contrary, when the semiology includes less conveyed emotion similar to a mechanical action and other symptoms, an extra hypothalamic localization should be considered.

Social action advertising: motivators and detractors in cause-oriented behaviors

PurposeIt is an arduous process for corporations to determine if social action advertising is a complementary fit with their respective brands. This study aims to explore opportunities and disadvantages when brands consider cause-related partnerships as part of their overall marketing strategy. There are motivators and detractors related to social actions promoted by brands. It is essential for organizations, institutions and corporations to better understand if, or when, to use advertising that contributes to the social good.Design/methodology/approachPhase one of the study was a qualitative analysis conducted through personal interviews. Coded passages from interviews were aggregated into themes, which later defined ten social action advertising measures. The second phase in the study was a quantitative analysis (N = 506) that tested consumer involvement with the social action advertisement “You Love Me.” The spot was designed for the Dr. Dre Beats brand, in response to the George Floyd murder in 2020.FindingsBrands need to carefully examine their own histories, political associations and concern for all consumer segments, prior to evoking social change. Differentiations arising from political views and gender identity are discussed. Regressions indicate “social ads that use stereotypes” was the key significant predictor of emotional involvement. Consumers feeling “respected and represented in social action ads” was the key significant predictor of fact-based cognitive involvement. “Social action ads distorted through virtue signaling” were 38% more likely to effect brand purchase when consumers viewed the social action ad.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a nonfunded research study. Respondents who participated in interviews, and those selected for data collection, were solicited through convenience and judgmental nonprobability sampling. These data are racially and financially biased. Seventy-six percent of respondents in the racial variable were white; 51% stated they were “wealthy and have a lot of assets.” Neither variable is representative of the general population. In the future, researchers should collect a nonbiased stratified probability sample that would more closely reflect the general population and consumer audience.Originality/valueThis paper builds on the recommendations of Farrukh et al. (2021) who call for more published research in the areas of human rights violations and social change. The results of this study represent a cautionary tale. Political dogma within a polarized society has created pressure for chief marketing officers to integrate political values into brand values. The risk of creating adversarial factions has created a risky environment for brand developers and strategists (Mahoney, 2022).

The grammar of the squares

. The grammar of the squares. The yearly celebration of the international day against gender violence has been transformed in Italy, because of a particularly dramatic assassination of a young woman into a country-wide 'invasion' of the squares of the big and small cities and communities. Among the many comments and reports, a well-known young woman writer has produced a stimulating reflection which is especially suggestive as a methodological contribution for many aspects of nursing research. To understand, describe, look for changes of scenarios and values of life which are the expression of deep and contradictory components of the culture of a society, general principles and neutral roles of observers (so often advocated as normative rule for the production of knowledge) can be profoundly misleading. Only a direct, highly participatory, emotional involvement in the reality could be the appropriate methodology: a grammar and languages generated from and within the places, the times, the revolt, the desires of the collectivities who are involved.

Understanding and Improving Older People's Well-Being through Social Prescribing Involving the Cultural Sector: Interviews from a Realist Evaluation.

Social prescribing is a non-clinical approach to addressing social, environmental, and economic factors affecting how people feel physical and/or emotionally. It involves connecting people to "community assets" (e.g., local groups, organizations, and charities) that can contribute to positive well-being. We sought to explain in what ways, for whom, and why the cultural sector can support social prescribing with older people. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 28 older people (aged 60+) and 25 cultural sector staff. The following nine concepts, developed from interview data, progressed the understanding of tailoring cultural offers, which came from our previous realist review-immersion, buddying, café culture, capacity, emotional involvement, perseverance, autonomy, elitism, and virtual cultural offers. Through tailoring, we propose that older people might experience one or more of the following benefits from engaging with a cultural offer as part of social prescribing-being immersed, psychological holding, connecting, and transforming through self-growth.

Student-Engagement Detection in Classroom Using Machine Learning Algorithm

Student engagement is a flexible, complicated concept that includes behavioural, emotional, and cognitive involvement. In order for the instructor to understand how the student interacts with the various activities in the classroom, it is essential to predict their participation. The current work aims to identify the best algorithm for predicting student engagement in the classroom. In this paper, we gathered data from VLE and prepared them using a variety of data preprocessing techniques, including the elimination of missing values, normalization, encoding, and identification of outliers. On our data, we ran a number of machine learning (ML) classification algorithms, and we assessed each one using cross-validation methods and many helpful indicators. The performance of the model is evaluated with metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and AUC scores. The results show that the CATBoost model is having higher accuracy than the rest. This proposed model outperformed in all the aspects compared to previous research. The results part of this paper indicates that the CATBoost model had an accuracy of approximately 92.23%, a precision of 94.40%, a recall of 100%, and an AUC score of 0.9624. The XGBoost predictive model, the random forest model, and the multilayer perceptron model all demonstrated approximately the same performance overall. We compared the AISAR model with Our model achieved an accuracy of 94.64% compared with AISAR 91% model and it concludes that our results are better. The AISAR model had only around 50% recall compared to our models, which had around 92%. This shows that our models return more relevant results, i.e., if our models predict that a student has high engagement, they are correct 94.64% of the time.