Emotional Effects Research Articles

Home and psychological well‐being in global consumer mobility

AbstractHome is typically understood as a singular place that provides a sense of groundedness, belonging, and well‐being. Yet, this singular notion of home is challenged in global mobility, where consumers live and travel across borders and relocate internationally frequently. We expect globally mobile consumers to experience multiple and multilayered notions of home with significant psychological consequences for their sense of well‐being, ownership, and identity. In a qualitative study of 40 globally mobile consumers, we examine what it means to have multiple homes and how consumers cope with it. We identified four types of home that coexist in global mobility: emotional home, home away from home, base of operation, and home on the road. These types are characterized by different degrees of permanence and serve different psychological benefits that are at times in opposition or complementary (respectively, belonging and ontological security, functioning and psychological ownership, productivity, and flexibility). We also explored how this home portfolio provokes emotional, social, and cognitive consequences with which globally mobile consumers cope through strategic use of marketplace resources.

The Development of Ambiguity Processing Is Explained by an Inverted U-Shaped Curve.

Understanding the developmental trajectories for recognizing facial expressions is important for a better understanding of development of psychiatric disorders. In this study, we examined the recognition of emotional and neutral facial expressions in 93 typically developing adolescents and adults. The Emotion Intensity Rating task required participants to rate the intensity of emotional expression in happy, neutral, and sad faces on a scale from 1 to 9. A score of '5' had to be assigned to neutral faces, scores between '6' (slightly happy) and '9' (very happy) to happy faces, and scores between '4' (slightly sad) and '1' (very sad) to sad faces. Mixed effects models were used to examine the effects of age and emotion on recognition accuracy, reaction time (RT), and emotional intensity. Participants tended to misjudge neutral faces as sad. Adolescents were less accurate than adults for neutral face recognition. There were significant quadratic effects of age on accuracy (negative quadratic effect) and RT (positive quadratic effect). The most accurate and fastest performance was observed in 25- to 35-year-old subjects. This trajectory may be associated with prefrontal cortex maturation, which provides top-down control over the heightened amygdala response to ambiguity that may be misinterpreted as emotional content.

Emotional Consequences of Expending Perceptual Effort

Emotional Consequences of Expending Perceptual Effort

Emotionality in Task-Oriented Chatbots – The Effect of Emotion Expression on Chatbot Perception

ABSTRACT Since interactive communication is generally better received than static one, chatbots are widely used in virtually all domains – ranging from business to education and healthcare. Nevertheless, there are still numerous questions concerning user experience that have not been adequately answered. Therefore, we study the effect of emotion expression on chatbot perception. In an experiment we manipulated a task-oriented chatbot by using short positively valenced emotional expressions and emotional pictorial representations (emojis) and investigated the effect of emotionality on trust, satisfaction, enjoyment, and authenticity as perceived by the user. The emotional chatbot was found to be perceived as more trustworthy than the neutral one. Moreover, users were more satisfied and had longer interactions with this chatbot. These results indicate that even slight variations in emotionality lead to significant difference in chatbot perception.

In-Depth Research on the Behavioral Impact of Violence-Oriented Cartoons among Children

One significant experience in children's early life is watching cartoons. This activity has a significant impact on a variety of variables, including kids' behavioral and cognitive development. This study focuses on school-age children, namely those in the 4–13 age range. This study focuses on the effects of the Violence-Oriented Cartoons channel on children's entire development, including language, motor, social learning, social cognitive, and moral development. 500 samples from various ages of children’s Group A and Group B were gathered for this investigation. This study aims to investigate the behavioral and emotional effects of exposure to violence-oriented cartoons on children. In particular, it aims to evaluate the effects of this type of social behavior, aggressiveness levels, attention span, emotional reactions, and the desensitization of violence in comparison to nonviolent cartoons. Using a sample of 500 children, 200 were exposed to non-violence-oriented cartoons and 300 were exposed to violence-oriented cartoons. The study used two groups. The study highlights that children who watched violent cartoons showed significantly higher levels of aggression, lower social behavior, shorter attention spans, increased desensitization, and stronger negative emotional responses than children who watched nonviolent cartoons. Study finds the importance of careful consideration of children's media content and suggests the potential benefits of limiting exposure to violent imagery in cartoons.

Second Victims in Industries beyond Healthcare: A Scoping Review.

The second victim phenomenon (SVP) refers to workers negatively impacted by involvement in unanticipated adverse events or errors. While this phenomenon has been extensively studied in healthcare since its acknowledgment over 20 years ago, its presence and management in other high-risk industries have remained unclear. We conducted a scoping review aiming to map the SVP in non-healthcare industries, as well as to explore the available interventions or support programs addressed to help second victims (SVs). A total of 5818 unique records were identified and, after the screening process, 18 studies from eight sectors were included. All industries acknowledged the existence of the SVP, though many did not use a specific term for defining the SV. Similarities in psychological and emotional consequences were found across sectors. Support strategies varied, with the aviation sector implementing the most comprehensive programs. Self-care and peer support were the most reported interventions, while structured clinical support was not mentioned in any industry. Our review highlighted a lack of standardized terminology and industry-specific, evidence-based support interventions for the SVP outside of healthcare. Healthcare appears to be at the forefront of formally recognizing and addressing the SVP, despite traditionally learning from other high-reliability industries in safety practices. This presents opportunities for reciprocal learning and knowledge transfer between healthcare and other high-risk sectors.

Exploring patient death experiences among Iranian nursing students

Patient death can be a stressful experience for nursing students, leading to various undesirable psychological and emotional effects. However, research documenting these experiences remains limited. This study explores the experiences of Iranian nursing students when facing patient death. This qualitative study employed a purposive sample of 14 undergraduate nursing students. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Lincoln and Guba’s (2004) criteria guided the data management process. Data analysis revealed three primary categories with six corresponding subcategories. These categories encompassed the significance of death, reactions to death, and the transformation of professional perspectives. Subcategories included positive and negative meanings attributed to death, emotional and behavioral responses, and the positive and negative effects on participants. The findings reveal that experiencing patient death significantly impacts nursing students psychologically and emotionally. Consequently, it is recommended that nursing curricula incorporate essential training modules addressing appropriate responses to death and effective communication with bereaved families. Further research should explore strategies to mitigate negative impacts and optimize positive outcomes related to this phenomenon.

Empathy strengthens the effect of emotion on beauty.

Past research shows that emotion affects beauty judgments of images and music. Because it is widely supposed that our faculty of empathy facilitates aesthetic experience, we wondered whether individual levels of empathy modulate the effect of emotion on beauty. 164 participants rated the perceived beauty, happiness, and sadness of 12 art images, 12 nature photographs, and 24 songs. The stimuli were presented in two blocks, and participants took the PANAS mood questionnaire before and after each block. Between blocks, they viewed one of three mood induction videos, intended to increase their happiness, increase their sadness, or leave their mood unchanged. We also measured (trait) empathy with the Questionnaire for Cognitive and Affective Empathy. We used structural equation modeling to analyze the effect of empathy on emotion, beauty, and the relationship between them. We assessed four emotion variables: participants' felt happiness and sadness (mood questionnaire ratings) and perceived happiness and sadness (stimulus ratings). We find that higher empathy is associated with stronger positive relationships between beauty and both felt and perceived emotions, for both images and music (β ~ 0.06 per empathy point on a 10-pt. scale, p < 0.001). We also find that perceived happiness and sadness boost beauty directly for both images and music. However, sadness affects music more than images (β = 0.51 vs. 0.12, all p < 0.001), and empathy amplifies this relationship for music but not images. Thus, felt and perceived emotions produce more beauty, more so in more empathic people, and more so with music than images.

Experiences of adult patients living with depression-related insomnia: a qualitative systematic review.

The objective of this review was to identify and synthesize the best available evidence on how adult patients experience living with depression-related insomnia, and their experiences related to pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions aimed at improving sleep. Insomnia affects 80% to 90% of patients with depression. The costs of insomnia are considerable for the individual and society alike. To understand the role and consequences of insomnia for an individual with depression and to optimize sleep interventions, an in-depth understanding of patients' experiences is needed. Therefore, this review addresses how adult patients experience living with depression-related insomnia, along with the experiences of pharmacological and non-pharmacological sleep interventions among patients with depression-related insomnia. Studies focusing on adult patients aged 18 years and older with a diagnosis of depression who had experiences with insomnia and pharmacological and/or non-pharmacological sleep interventions were included. All studies with qualitative research findings from inpatient and outpatient populations were considered. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (ProQuest), Cochrane CENTRAL, SveMed+, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection. Google Scholar and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses were searched for eligible dissertations and theses. The searches were conducted on May 3-5, 2022, and updated on June 13-19, 2023. Studies published in English, Danish, German, Norwegian, and Swedish were considered. Databases were searched from their inception to the search date. All studies were screened against the inclusion criteria and critically and independently appraised by 2 reviewers for methodological quality. Findings were pooled using meta-aggregation, and a ConQual Summary of Findings was created. Ten qualitative studies were included. The studies were conducted in 6 countries and counted a total of 176 participants. In all, 127 findings were extracted and aggregated into 11 categories. From the 11 categories, 3 synthesized findings were developed: 1) Disruption of sleep challenges coping with everyday life by depleting both physical and mental resources; 2) Sleep is an escape and a protective factor against suicide; and 3) Choices, support, and personalized interventions from non-pharmacological approaches addressing depression-related insomnia are valued. This review underlined the relationship between depression-related insomnia, its profound impact on individuals' lives, and the value of non-pharmacological sleep interventions to address these issues. Specifically, the study revealed the physical and emotional consequences of insomnia while emphasizing how wakefulness during night hours may exacerbate feelings of loneliness and vulnerability to negative thoughts and suicide. Moreover, it provides an overview of patients' experiences of non-pharmacological approaches to address depression-related insomnia and highlights their diverse treatment experiences and preferences. A Danish-language version of the abstract of this review is available as Supplemental Digital Content [http://links.lww.com/SRX/A64]. PROSPERO CRD42021276048.

The retrograde effects of negative emotion on memory for conceptually related events: a registered report

ABSTRACT Emotional events are often remembered better than neutral ones; however, emotion can also spill over and affect our memory for neutral experiences that precede an emotional event. Theories suggest that emotion can retroactively enhance memory for preceding neutral events that are considered high-priority while impairing memory for events deemed low-priority. However, the impact of conceptual relationships (i.e., semantic connections) between preceding neutral information and emotional events on memory for the preceding information has received little attention. This study investigated the influence of conceptual relatedness on the retroactive effects of emotion on memory. Participants sequentially encoded pairs of images that were high or low in conceptual relatedness, each comprising a neutral object followed by either a negative or neutral image. Participants returned the next day for a recognition memory assessment. The results indicated an interactive effect of emotion and conceptual relatedness on memory: In a “discovery” sample, memory was poorer for images preceding conceptually unrelated negative (vs. neutral) images, while the opposite pattern was seen for conceptually related images. In a “replication” sample, these effects were partially replicated, with the former impairment effect statistically observed but not the latter augmentation effect. Hence, conceptual relatedness affects how negative emotion influences memory.

Digital ethics of care and digital citizenship in UK primary schools: Children as interviewers

ABSTRACT A digital ethics of care (DEC) framework was initially developed with adolescents (11 to 18-years) to provide an infrastructure for understanding their digital social and emotional literacy, focusing on their ability to understand emotions and build respectful relationships online. In this study, we explore how that framework can be utilised with younger children aged 10 to 11-years-old. All children in class participated in a teacher-led lesson to develop skills and an understanding of interviewing. From this class, 18 children participated and interviewed each other in pairs. The interviews were conducted using a semi-structured approach consisting of question clusters framed around digital media use, wellbeing, social interactions online, empathy and kindness, and actions following negative behaviours. Using thematic analysis, four themes were developed: 1) recognising DEC in practice, 2) emotional consequences and coping with online adversity, 3) need for education on digital citizenship, and 4) developing a Digital Ethics of Care lesson. The results of the study led to the framework being refined. From this, a toolkit with lesson plans was created which was founded in the children’s contributions and ideas for use by schools.

Narrative reconstruction of events in novel translation: A case study of the English translation of Xuemo’s works

Drawing inspiration from Prince’s (2012) discourse on narrative events, this study investigates how translators reconstruct narrative events in novel translation. The results indicate that, in terms of narrative completeness, the addition of events such as detailed conflicts, background explanations, and narrative beginnings mitigates the cognitive disparity among target readers. This is achieved by furnishing them with the cultural knowledge necessary to decode text originating from a different cultural context. Regarding the temporal arrangement, the translator restructures the sequence of events by commencing with emotional events and reinstating the original chronological order to cater to target readers’ reading habits. Additionally, the reorganization of interconnected events according to thematic and character-based considerations enhances the readability of the target text. This research illuminates the significance of event reconstruction in novel translation and provides implications for both translators and scholars. By comprehending the effects of adding, rearranging, and reorganizing events, translators can adeptly adapt the narrative structure of a novel to align with the cognitive context and the reading preferences of readers in the target language.

Behavioural Economics in Marketing: Understanding consumer Decisison Making

Consumer decision-making, which is susceptible to emotional and social effects in addition to cognitive flaws, is the focus of behavioural economics, which integrates findings from economics and psychology. Examining the impact of behavioural economic principles such as limited rationality, prospect theory, and heuristics on customer behaviour, this abstract outlines important ideas and new developments in the field of applied behavioural economics to marketing. To determine which techniques are most successful in influencing customer decisions, we examine framing effects, anchoring, and nudging. Furthermore, the significance of data analytics and digital marketing in comprehending and capitalising on customer behaviour patterns is addressed. Businesses may boost engagement, happiness, and revenue by integrating behavioural data into marketing campaigns. In order to better understand consumer decision-making and its practical implications for marketers, the article also proposes topics for further research, such as the influence of new technology and ethical issues in consumer manipulation.

Residential Instability and Children’s Mental Health: Emotional and Behavioral Consequences of Frequent Relocation

Residential instability, characterized by frequent relocations, poses significant risks to children’s mental health, impacting their emotional and behavioral development. This study explores the emotional and behavioral consequences of frequent relocations on children aged 5 to 15, using a mixed-methods approach that combines longitudinal quantitative data and qualitative interviews. The findings reveal that children who experience three or more relocations within five years exhibit significantly higher levels of anxiety, depression, and attachment issues, alongside increased externalizing behaviors such as aggression and defiance and internalizing behaviors such as social withdrawal and anxiety. Academic performance also suffers, with lower average scores in core subjects like mathematics and reading observed among frequently relocated children. These outcomes are moderated by factors such as parental support, community integration, and economic stability, highlighting the complex interplay between individual, familial, and contextual variables. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions and supportive policies to mitigate the negative impacts of residential instability and promote children’s mental health and well-being. Future research should focus on the long-term effects, specific vulnerable populations, and protective factors to better understand and address the challenges faced by children in unstable housing situations.

Inspiration or influence? Assessing Gen-Z’s response to wellness influencers through customer inspiration theory

ABSTRACT The social media platforms play a crucial role in shaping virtual communities for sharing informative and inspiring content. Influencers increasingly utilise it to monetise content, paid promotion, or brand endorsement. Nonetheless, there has also been a significant increase in the number of influencers who focus on sharing knowledge and wisdom and encouraging their followers to embrace holistic well-being and lifestyle without endorsing any brand and paid promotions. Based on customer inspiration and social credibility theories, the study aims to understand whether the credibility of wellness influencers inspires Gen-Z followers to emulate their wellness lifestyle and not only product recommendations, thereby adopting the influencers’ social exemplars as their own “social norms.” The study utilises data from 238 Gen-Z social media users from India to test the conceptual model of the customer inspiration mechanism. The results from confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling reveal that the consumption of credible content (external stimuli) from the wellness influencers inspires Gen-Zs to adopt and emulate tangible and intangible goals related to well-being (behavioural/ emotional consequences). In addition to the theoretical contribution of the customer inspiration theory, the study provides several practical implications to wellness influencers, wellness practitioners and wellness brand managers.

Is it possible to manage energy politics? Exploring the direct and indirect effects of political factors on the acceptance of solar energy

Is an energy transition a rational choice? To answer this research question, this study analyzed the direct and indirect effects of political ideology and partisan support on the acceptance of solar energy by applying regression analysis and the moderation effect. The risk perception factor, energy factor, and political factor were set as the independent variables. The results showed that non-political variables such as perceived risk, perceived benefit, negative emotion, knowledge, trust, and energy insecurity influenced the acceptance of solar energy more than political variables. Negative emotion had the strongest negative effect on the acceptance. Second, support for the Moon jae-in government as a partisanship variable was associated with the acceptance of the solar energy. However, ideology had no effect on the acceptance. Third, support for the Moon Jae-in government had a positive direct effect on the acceptance and indirectly influenced it by ways of perceived benefits, trust, and negative emotion, which are key influencers of acceptance of solar energy. Progressive political ideology had no direct effect on acceptance, but indirectly suppressed the effect of negative emotion on solar energy acceptance. This study shows that partisanship, in terms of presidential support, has both direct and indirect effects on solar energy acceptance, whereas ideology has indirect effects. Given the important role of political variables, future research should focus more on various political variables, such as political leadership, preference for green politics, climate politics, and the polarization of political support as independent variables.

The Need to Adapt the Psychiatric Clinical Assessment to the Digital Age: A Practical Approach.

The use of electronic devices and social media is becoming a ubiquitous part of most people's lives. Although researchers are exploring the sequelae of such use, little attention has been given to the importance of digital media use in routine psychiatric assessments of patients. The nature of technology use is relevant to understanding a patient's lifestyle and activities, the same way that it is important to evaluate the patient's occupation, functioning, and general activities. The authors propose a framework for psychiatric inquiry into digital media use, emphasizing that such inquiry should focus on quality of use, including emotional and behavioral consequences, rather than simply the amount of use.

Creating Emotional Resonance in Advertising Language Strategies and Consumer Identity

This study explores the interplay between language strategies in advertising and consumer identity, focusing on their combined effect on emotional resonance. Through a mixed-methods approach that includes content analysis, surveys, and experimental designs, the research examines how storytelling, metaphors, and informational language strategies impact emotional engagement, brand recall, and purchase intention. The findings reveal that storytelling and metaphorical language significantly enhance emotional resonance, with advertisements employing these strategies evoking stronger emotional responses and higher engagement scores compared to informational ads. The study also highlights the critical role of consumer identity in moderating the effectiveness of these language strategies. Advertisements that align with the consumer’s self-concept and social identity are perceived as more relevant and compelling, leading to better marketing outcomes. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of cultural context, showing significant variations in how language strategies are received across different cultural settings. These insights provide valuable guidance for advertisers and marketers seeking to enhance the emotional appeal and effectiveness of their campaigns.

Influence of perceived harm due to substance use on the relationships between positive psychotic experiences and suicidal experiences in people with non-affective psychosis.

The ways in which perceived harm due to substance use affects relationships between psychotic and suicidal experiences are poorly understood. The goal of the current study was to redress this gap by investigating the moderating effects of harm due to substance use on pathways involving positive psychotic symptoms, the perceived cognitive-emotional sequelae of those symptoms, and suicidal ideation. The design was cross-sectional. Mediation and moderated mediation pathways were tested. The predictor was severity of positive psychotic symptoms. Cognitive interpretative and emotional characteristics of both auditory hallucinations and delusions were mediators. Suicidal ideation was the outcome variable. General symptoms associated with severe mental health problems were statistically controlled for. There was evidence of an indirect pathway between positive psychotic symptom severity and suicidal ideation via cognitive interpretation and emotional characteristics of both auditory hallucinations and delusions. Harm due to drug use, but not alcohol use, moderated the indirect pathway involving delusions such that it was most prominent when harm due to drug use was at medium-to-high levels. The components of suicidal ideation that were most strongly affected by this moderated indirect pathway were active intent, passive desire, and lack of deterrents. From both scientific and therapy development perspectives, it is important to understand the complex interplay between, not only the presence of auditory hallucinations and delusions, but the ensuing cognitive and emotional consequences of those experiences which, when combined with harm associated with substance use, in particular drug use, can escalate suicidal thoughts and acts.

Nurse educators’ guilt during the Covid-19 pandemic response

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted nurse educators, creating a dichotomy between their professional duties and a desire for direct patient care involvement. AimTo explore the emotional effects, particularly guilt, experienced by nurse educators due to their reduced role in frontline patient care during the pandemic, using personal construct theory to frame guilt as a reaction to role deviation. MethodsA cross-sectional survey involving 124 nurse educators from across the United States was conducted from March to May 2023. The survey investigated three attributes: Professional Responsibility, Emotional Impact, and Offsetting Activities. ResultsThe majority of respondents reported significant stress and guilt, exacerbated by the transition to online education, mandated pandemic safety measures, and their inability to contribute directly to patient care. ConclusionsFindings underscore the need for targeted support systems to help nurse educators navigate the professional and emotional challenges posed by the pandemic, highlighting the profound impact of their altered roles on their well-being.