Emotional Behavioral Disorders Research Articles

Effect of occupational therapy on self-determination skills of adolescents at risk of emotional and behavioral disorders: A randomized controlled trial

Effect of occupational therapy on self-determination skills of adolescents at risk of emotional and behavioral disorders: A randomized controlled trial

The Effects of Self-Regulated Strategy Development on Students with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders: A Literature Review

Students identified with or at risk for emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD) face a number of challenges, both academic and behavioral (Trout et al., 2003). Individuals in this disability category especially struggle due to their challenges with self-regulation skills. These difficulties make it strenuous for students with EBD to regulate their thoughts, feelings, actions, and environments that may serve as distractions when attempting to attend to key learning tasks, including written expression. Self-regulated strategy development (SRSD) is a general framework of intervention designed to guide students through the complex process of writing while embedding necessary strategy instruction in self-monitoring, self-instruction, goal setting, and self-reinforcement (Harris & Graham, 1996). In this literature review, I examine ten studies of the efficacy of SRSD strategy instruction for students identified with or at risk of EBD. Based on the evidence provided by these studies, I venture to make the claim that SRSD is a highly effective writing intervention for students with EBD across grade levels, writing genres, namely narrative, informative, and persuasive, and educational settings such as public schools, specialized private schools, and residential treatment facilities (RTFs).

Factors influence mental health in adolescents

The mental condition of adolescents and children in Indonesia is currently alarming. Adolescents are vulnerable to various problems at the stage of development such as mental and emotional problems related to emotional disturbances, depression, resistance and behavioral disorders. the behavior or actions that arise by each individual depends on the emotional and thought conditions that arise before they decide to do something. The research is a descriptive analytic study with cross-sectional design aimed to determine the conditions that affect mental health in 80 teenage students of SMK Negeri 1 Sorong. The measuring instrument used was a questionnaire. simple logistic regression analysis test results show that parenting style, motivation and discipline simultaneously have an effect on adolescent mental health with a significance value (0,000 <0.005). Discipline, learning motivation has an influence on adolescent mental health with a significance value (0,000 <0.005) but parenting does not affect adolescent mental health with a significance value (0.382> 0.005). Adolescents need support including the environment to prevent mental disorders because it has a close relationship with academic success.

The effect of simultaneous prompting on teacher OTRs and student behavior

In this study researchers examined a teacher’s use of simultaneous prompting (SP) procedure in a fourth- grade special education classroom setting. Using an ABAB single subject design, the effects of a SP procedure on an increased rate of delivering questions with a small group of students identified with emotional behavior disorders were examined. Results indicated that when the teacher increased the rates of opportunities to respond (OTR), the students’ on-task behavior, rate of correct responses increased, and number of errors decreased. A discussion of limitations and future research directions is included.

Radyofrekans/Mikrodalga Elektromanyetik Radyasyonun Anksiyete ve Depresyon Üzerine Etkileri: Deneysel Hayvan Modellerine Dayalı Çalışmalara Ait Literatür Taraması

Günümüzde anksiyete ve/veya depresyon dünyada en yaygın gözlenen duygusal (emosyonel) davranış bozukluklarıdır. Bu derlemede, radyofrekans/mikrodalga-elektromanyetik radyasyonun (RF/MW-EMR) deneysel hayvan modellerinde anksiyete ve depresyon bozuklukları üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Derlemede, 2005-2019 yılları arasında yayınlanmış toplam 31 çalışma incelenmiş olup, bu çalışmalara ait uygulanan frekans aralığı, spesifik absorbsiyon oranı, güç yoğunluğu veya elektrik alan, radyasyon maruziyet kurulumu, maruziyet süresi ve bölgesi, hayvan modeli ve yaşı, ölçülen deneysel parametreler ile çalışmaların sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirilen literatür verilerindeki anksiyete ve/veya depresyon üzerine RF/MW-EMR maruziyetinin etkileri incelendiğinde, EMR’nun 19 anksiyete çalışması ile bir depresyon çalışmasında pozitif etkileri, beş anksiyete çalışması ile bir depresyon çalışmasında negatif etkileri belirlenirken, dokuz anksiyete çalışması ile üç depresyon çalışmasında EMR maruziyetinin anlamlı derecede bir etkisi gözlenmemiştir. Ayrıca değerlendirilen bu çalışmaların sekizinde, deneysel hayvan modeli özellikleri, radyasyon maruziyet koşulları, davranış testleri ve nörogelişimsel süreçlere bağlı olarak değişken sonuçlar saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak derlemede, RF/MW-EMR maruziyetinin anksiyete ve/veya depresyon bozukluklarının oluşumunu etkileyebileceği gözlenmiş olup, literatürdeki mevcut veriler ışığında, nöral ve moleküler mekanizmalara dayalı ileri araştırmaların yararlı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Emotional-Behavioral Disorders in Healthy Siblings of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Background and Objectives: Siblings of disabled children are more at risk of developing mental illnesses. More than 50 international studies show that about 8% of children and adolescents suffer from a mental disorder, which is almost always a source of difficulties both at the interpersonal level (in the family and with peers) and at school. Healthy siblings of children with disabilities are one of the groups most at risk for consequences in psychological health and well-being. As some authors suggest, siblings build their idea of “being people”, in terms of character and personality, by continuously and daily confronting themselves with the theme of disability and a family context subjected to continuous stress. The following contribution aims to compare emotional–behavioral disorders in healthy siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder, in healthy siblings of children with Down’s syndrome and in healthy siblings of children with typical development. Materials and Methods: The results involve 153 children from the region of Campania and their caregivers through the administration of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: From the data, it emerged that siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder and siblings of children with Down’s syndrome have a greater emotional fragility, especially among male subjects. Conclusions: Our results require us to reflect on the clinical and policy measures needed to ensure the well-being of siblings of disabled children, mainly through appropriate sibling coping training.

An Anti-Stigma Course for Occupational Therapy Students in Taiwan: Development and Pilot Testing.

Attitudes of healthcare professionals towards people with disorders/disabilities are important for the development of therapeutic relationships, as well as to the evaluation and intervention processes. Therefore, it is critical to be aware and reduce stigmatizing attitudes in future healthcare professionals. An 18-week anti-stigma course was developed for occupational therapy students based on literature review and focus group interview. The course consisted of three components, including social contact, roleplaying, and critical reflection strategies. A quasi-experimental design was implemented to evaluate participants at three time points (i.e., pre-test, post-test, and one year after completion) using the Social Distance Scale and several questionnaires (i.e., stigmatising attitudes towards mental illness, physical disabilities, and children with emotional behavioural disorders). A total of 16 students completed the course and had significantly decreased social distance and stigmatising attitudes towards mental illness and emotional behavioural disorders in the post-test. These decreases remained one year later. The results support the provision of an anti-stigma course for occupational therapy students to reduce stigmatising attitudes. Future research should extend the anti-stigma course to occupational therapy students at other universities to increase both the sample size and overall generalisability.

Positioning and Motivation: A Discourse Analysis of Classroom Interactions between Teacher and Students with Disabilities

Discourse analysis was utilized to bring attention to interactional moves made by students with learning disabilities (LD) and/or emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD), and their teacher, that impacted students’ positioning and motivation for classroom participation. This study built on prior research on positioning (Davies & Harre, 1990) through interactive talk to understand how the teacher and his students positioned themselves and others, and how positioning interacted with the classroom dynamics that were displayed through (non)participation in and across communities of practice. Findings reveal that the teacher’s reflexive positioning as caring, considerate, skillful, and patient, as well as the interactive positioning of his students as community members who deserved patience and attention, promoted interactive talks and stimulated students’ motivation for engagement in classroom activities. The researchers, therefore, argue that teachers’ positive positioning can allow teachers to make informed pedagogical decisions to transform power dynamics and promote equitable educational opportunities for all, especially for those with LD and EBD. Subscribe to LDMJ

Behavioral disorders and their correlation with nutritional status of children, complete the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and embryonic central nervous system tumors

Background. A violation of nutritional status (obesity) and emotional-behavioral status (depression) is one of the urgent problems of modern health care. Often these two problems are at the same time. Particularly striking manifestations of a decrease in nutritional and emotional statuses are observed in children with oncological diseases of various origins.Objective: to assess the emotional-behavioral status and nutritional status in pediatric cancer and hematological diseases after treatment.Materials and methods. The study included 112 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 49) and central nervous system tumors (n = 63) in remission. Age 6–18 years (median 11.5 years). 66 male (58.9 %). The Aachenbаch questionnaire was used to assess the behavioral and individual-personality characteristics. CDI (children depression inventory) questionnaire was used to assess the presence and level of depression. Body mass index (in percentile terms) and body tissue composition by bioimpedance analysis (body fat and lean body mass were evaluated) were used to assess nutritional status.Results. As a result, it was found that a significant proportion of children have delayed effects of treatment in the form of reduced nutritional status and emotional and behavioral difficulties. Children with brain tumors have an increased risk of nutritional and emotional-behavioral disorders compared to children who have survived acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The nutritional and emotional-behavioral statuses of children are related: the presence of excess fat mass increases the risk of emotional-behavioral disorders. According to questionnaires, parents identify detected problems much more often than patients themselves.Conclusion. In children who have experienced antitumor treatment and achieved remission, in case of excess body fat, the risk of emotionalbehavioral disorders increases. Emotional-behavioral disorders can have a negative effect on rehabilitation measures; therefore, before starting rehabilitation measures it is necessary to take into account the nutritional and emotional-behavioral status of patients.

Behind the Eight Ball: The Effects of Race and Number of Infractions on the Severity of Exclusionary Discipline Sanctions Issued in Secondary School

African American and Hispanic students receive more punitive school discipline than White students even when students of color commit similar infractions as Whites. Similarly, students with a disability status are more likely to experience harsher discipline in schools compared to their counterparts without a disability label. This study examines whether these discrepancies are a result of a difference in the number of infractions students of different racial/ethnic groups and disability categories commit. Using secondary educational data from a state educational agency in the United States, we demonstrate that African American and Hispanic students and students with an emotional behavioral disorder status receive more severe sanctions than White students and students without a disability label at their first discipline encounter. This racial disparity in discipline severity continues through six sanctions and is eliminated at the 13th sanction. The disability disparity in discipline severity dissipates after 10 sanctions for students with emotional behavioral disorder and intellectual disability. Implications for school personnel and future directions are discussed.

Special Educators’ Working Conditions, Self-Efficacy, and Practices Use With Students With Emotional/Behavioral Disorders

Students with emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD) in self-contained settings depend on special educators to deliver high-quality instruction and behavior management, and special educators depend on administrators to create supportive working environments. Yet, to date, no studies have examined how working conditions relate to special educators’ provision of effective instructional or behavior management practices for students with EBD in self-contained settings. To fill this crucial gap, we conducted a national survey of 171 special educators serving students with EBD in self-contained settings. Using structural equation modeling, we found special educators who experienced more supportive working conditions (i.e., stronger logistical resources and lower demands) reported more manageable workloads, experienced less emotional exhaustion and stress, felt greater self-efficacy for instruction, and reported using evidence-supported instructional practices more often with their students. Results have implications for future research and practice.

A Review on Epilepsy and its Management

Today, people face various types of stress in everyday fast life and most people in the world suffer from various neurological disorder. Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders of the brain, affecting about 50 million people around the world, and 90% of them are coming from developing countries. Genetic factors and brain infection, stroke, tumors and epilepsy cause high fever. It imposes a great economic burden on the health systems of countries associated with stigma and discrimination against the patient and also his family in the community, in the workplace, school and home. Many patients with epilepsy suffer from severe emotional stress, behavioral disorders and extreme social isolation. There are many different types of seizure and mechanisms by which the brain generates seizures. The two features of generating seizures are hyperexcitability of neurons and a hyper synchronousneural circuits. A variety of mechanisms alters the balance between excitation and inhibition in predisposing brain local or generalized hyperexcitability region and a hypersynchronia. Purpose of the review is to discuss the history, epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, classification of epilepsy, symtomps, diagnosis, management of epilepsy and future trends.
 Keywords: Anti-epileptic drugs, pathophysiology, seizures, epidemiology, hypersynchrony

Эффективность повторных курсов программы мультимодальной стимуляции в коррекции когнитивных и эмоционально-поведенческих нарушений после инсульта: когортное проспективное исследование

Эффективность повторных курсов программы мультимодальной стимуляции в коррекции когнитивных и эмоционально-поведенческих нарушений после инсульта: когортное проспективное исследование

Pola Asuh Orangtua, Motivasi & Kedisiplinan dalam Meningkatkan Kesehatan Mental Remaja Papua

The mental condition of adolescents and children in Papua is currently worrying. They are vulnerable to various problems at the developmental stage such as mental and emotional problems related to emotional disorders, depression, resistance and behavioral disorders. the behavior or actions that arise by each individual depends on the emotional and thought conditions that arise before they decide to do something. The research is a descriptive analytic study with cross-sectional design aimed to determine the conditions that affect mental health in 80 teenage students of SMK Negeri 1 Sorong. The measuring instrument used was a questionnaire. simple logistic regression analysis test results show that parenting style, motivation and discipline simultaneously have an effect on adolescent mental health with a significance value (0,000 0.005). Discipline, learning motivation has an influence on adolescent mental health with a significance value (0,000 0.005) but parenting does not affect adolescent mental health with a significance value (0.382 0.005). Adolescents need support including the environment to prevent mental disorders because it has a close relationship with academic success. Keywords: Parenting style, Motivation, Dicipline, Mental health, Adolescents

Factor Influence Mental In Adolences

The mental condition of adolescents and children in Indonesia is currently alarming. Adolescents are vulnerable to various problems at the stage of development such as mental and emotional problems related to emotional disturbances, depression, resistance and behavioral disorders. the behavior or actions that arise by each individual depends on the emotional and thought conditions that arise before they decide to do something. The research is a descriptive-analytic study with cross-sectional design aimed to determine the conditions that affect mental health in 80 teenage students of SMK Negeri 1 Sorong. The measuring instrument used was a questionnaire. simple logistic regression analysis test results show that parenting style, motivation and discipline simultaneously have an effect on adolescent mental health with a significance value (0,000 <0.005). Discipline, learning motivation has an influence on adolescent mental health with a significance value (0,000 <0.005) but parenting does not affect adolescent mental health with a significance value (0.382> 0.005). Adolescents need support including the environment to prevent mental disorders because it has a close relationship with academic success.

Factor Influence Mental In Adolences

The mental condition of adolescents and children in Indonesia is currently alarming. Adolescents are vulnerable to various problems at the stage of development, such as mental and emotional problems related to emotional disturbances, depression, resistance, and behavioral disorders. The behavior or actions that arise by each individual depends on the emotional and thought conditions that arise before they decide to do something. The research is a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design aimed to determine the conditions that affect mental health in 80 teenage students of SMK Negeri 1 Sorong. The measuring instrument used was a questionnaire. Simple logistic regression analysis test results show that parenting style, motivation, and discipline simultaneously have an effect on adolescent mental health with a significance value (0,000 <0.005). Discipline, learning motivation has an influence on adolescent mental health with a significance value (0,000 <0.005), but parenting does not affect adolescent mental health with a significance value (0.382> 0.005). Adolescents need support, including the environment, to prevent mental disorders because it has a close relationship with academic success.

Preliminary Study of the Effects of BEST in CLASS–Elementary on Outcomes of Elementary Students With Problem Behavior

Student problem behaviors in early elementary school are associated with fewer learning opportunities, poor relationships with teachers, and academic and behavioral problems, including increased risk of emotional/behavioral disorders (EBDs). This study examined the effect of BEST in CLASS–Elementary (BEST in CLASS-E), a Tier 2 intervention delivered by teachers, on student problem behavior, academic achievement, teacher–student relationships, and classroom quality using a randomized controlled trial design. Participants were 45 kindergarten to grade 3 students identified at risk of development of EBDs and their 26 teachers from three elementary schools located in an urban school district. BEST in CLASS-E was found to decrease teacher-reported student problem behavior and increase teacher–student closeness; no effects were noted for academic achievement or overall classroom quality. Results suggest the promise of BEST in CLASS-E as a Tier 2 intervention delivered by teachers in elementary classrooms. Implications and limitations of the study are discussed.

Magnesium acetyl taurate prevents tissue damage and deterioration of prosocial behavior related with vasopressin levels in traumatic brain injured rats

To investigate the effects of different magnesium forms on tissue damage, cognitive and emotional behavioural impairment after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Rats were divided into 5 groups (control, trauma, magnesium sulphate, magnesium citrate, magnesium acetyl taurate) and following head trauma, empathy-like behaviour, anxiety-like behaviour (elevated plus maze and open field tests), and depression (forced swim test) were measured. The rats were then sacrificed 12 days later. Oxytocin, vasopressin and receptors levels in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex regions were measured. Histopathological damage (with haematoxylin-eosin staining) and apoptosis (with caspase-3 immunohistochemistry) was evaluated. Following head trauma, anxiety-like behaviour and depression tests did not change; empathy-like behaviour deteriorated on the 3rd day and improved gradually on the 6th and 12th days. Oxytocin, vasopressin and vasopressin v1b receptor levels decreased in the amygdala; morphological damage and apoptosis were significant. Magnesium acetyl taurate effectively ameliorated histopathological deteriorations and improved vasopressin and v1b receptor levels in the amygdala. Transient deterioration of empathy-like behaviour was impeded only in magnesium taurate treatment. Magnesium acetyl taurate can be a promising candidate agent to prevent structural and functional damage in traumatic brain injury.

Twice Exceptional Students: Gifts and Talents, the Performing Arts, and Juvenile Delinquency.

There is an increasing attention to the phenomenon referred to as "twice exceptional" ("2e") children, namely, children who demonstrate both exceptional abilities and disabilities. In this essay, this concept is applied to delinquency and/or emotional-behavior disorder and gifts (talents) in the performance arts, exploring the presence of this association and the support for it in the literature. The essay asserts that this association does exist, qualifies these youth as another category of 2e students, and calls for research on the manifestation, etiology, and development of this co-occurrence.

Psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents with active epilepsy in southwestern Uganda.

Introduction:the study aimed to determine the prevalence of emotional, behavioral, developmental and psychosis related disorders among children and adolescents with active epilepsy aged 5 to 18 years in southwestern Uganda.Methods:we conducted a cross sectional study at one big urban hospital, two rural health centers and one rural special needs school. The disorders were assessed using an adapted parent version of the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-5 (CASI-5).Results:one hundred and sixty-one participants were assessed, and 93 (57.8%) had at least one psychiatric disorder. Developmental disorders were the most prevalent at 39.8% (95%CI 32.11 – 47.39), followed by emotional disorders, 30.4% (95%CI 23.25–37.62), behavioral disorders, 7.5% (95%CI 3.35–11.55) and psychosis related disorders, 6.2% (95%CI 2.44 – 9.98). Thirty-nine participants (24.2%) had at least two psychiatric disorders. Developmental disorders were associated with younger age (aOR=0.86, p=0.001) and having epilepsy-related physical injuries and deformities (aOR=2.36, p=0.036). Emotional disorders (aOR=1.13, p=0.007) and psychosis related disorders (aOR=1.44, p=0.007) were associated with increasing age, whereas a family history of epilepsy was protective (aOR=0.22, p=0.042).Conclusion:psychiatric disorders were highly prevalent among children and adolescents with epilepsy in southwestern Uganda; highlighting the need to integrate screening and management of these disorders into routine epilepsy care.