Emotional Research Articles

A phenomenological study on the life experiences of parents of children with ADHD

ADHD negatively affects the functionality of families and parents; however, no studies have examined the experiences of Turkish families with children diagnosed with ADHD. In this context, the present study aimed to explore the life experiences of Turkish parents with children diagnosed with ADHD. For this purpose, a descriptive phenomenological research design was used. Data were collected using a personal information and semi-structured interviews, while analysis was conducted using Giorgi’s phenomenological method. As a result of the content analysis, five main themes were identified, namely experiences regarding the diagnosis process, emotional reactions related to the diagnosis, experiences with social relations, influences of ADHD diagnosis on the family, and academic difficulties. In line with the results, it is suggested that mental health professionals and other related specialists should include the findings of parents’ life experiences in the treatment planning of children with ADHD and intervention programs should be developed for parents.

The national rugby league and the Bundesliga: a study of brand hate

PurposeThis study examined brand hate within the context of the (German) Bundesliga and (Australian) National Rugby League (NRL). The study pursued two research questions: (1) What types of brand hate were expressed towards the Bundesliga and the NRL? (2) To what extent did hateful comments attract more likes than non-hateful comments?Design/methodology/approachBrand hate was studied in the context of competition restrictions in 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. We analysed reader comments posted below online articles published in three German (119 articles and 8,975 comments) and three Australian online newspaper articles (116 articles and 4,858 reader comments). The data were analysed deductively.FindingsNon-parametric tests found that all types of brand hate were expressed. Approximately 85% of the hateful comments were mild, or more specifically, cold (n = 445 or approximately 53%), or cool (n = 250 or approximately 30%), or hot (n = 20 or approximately 2%). Hateful comments attracted more likes than non-hateful comments.Originality/valueThis study advances our understanding of how negative brand perceptions underpin an extreme negative emotional reaction in the form of brand hate. The empirical evidence enables brand managers to better address disgusted, angry, or contemptuous consumers (or stakeholders) and consider whether the feeling is enduring, strong or weak, and linked to either aggressive or passive behaviours.

THE PARALYMPIC REFERENCE CENTER AT THE SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND DANCE - SPED: A CASE STUDY

The present study aims to analyze the benefits that the Paralympic Reference Center (CRP) has provided for people with disabilities who engage in swimming through this project. The study was conducted through data collection, including semi-structured interviews and field diaries, carried out at one of the CRP's nuclei in Goiânia, located at the Federal University of Goiás-UFG. Eight students participated in the interviews, comprising four males and four females, along with some of their guardians who responded. Through guiding open-ended questions designed to allow them to express their opinions freely and subjectively, the study aimed to understand their perception of well-being and health, and whether participation in the project brought benefits in these areas. After analyzing the information obtained, it was possible to perceive that sports practices for people with disabilities not only help with physical issues but also emotional and social ones. In this sense, it can be concluded that a welcoming environment makes a significant difference during the teaching and learning process of Paralympic sports. Received: 2024/03/12 Reformulated: 2024/05/07 Accepted: 2024/05/07

Relación entre meditación, regulación emocional y expresión vocal

Introduction: The voice is an indicator of emotional states, influenced by factors such as vagal tone, breathing and heart rate variability. This study explores these factors and their relationship with emotional regulation and meditative practice as a self-regulation technique. Purpose: To investigate the difference in vocal characteristics and heart rate variability in experienced (EM) and novice (NM) meditators before and after a meditation practice and in non-meditators - control group (CG), before and after a control test. Methods: 3 x 2 quasi-factorial study. Three groups were evaluated (experienced meditators EM; novice meditators NM; and control group CG, non-meditators) at two points in the experimental manipulation - before and after a meditation session for meditators, and before and after a word search task for the control group. The fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, harmonic-to-noise ratio and the first (F1), second (F2) and third (F3) formants of the vowel [a]; heart rate variation (SDNN, RMSSD, LF/HF, SD1 and SD2); anxiety state and vocal self-perception, were investigated, before and after the intervention. Results: The EM group achieved optimal vocal tract relaxation. The NM and CG groups showed changes in F1. Long-term meditative practice was associated with a large difference in F3, SDNN and SD2 in heart rate variation. Conclusion: The results suggest that meditation practice influences vocal expression and emotional reaction, and that experience in meditation practice favors this relationship.

It is not just ‘the opposite of jealousy’: a Buddhist perspective on the emotion of compersion in consensually non-monogamous relationships

Compersion is an affective state commonly discussed in the context of consensually non-monogamous relationships. It is typically described as a positive emotional reaction to one’s partner’s enjoying time and/or intimacy with another person, sort of ‘the opposite of jealousy’. Recent years have seen an increased interest in this seemingly startling emotion. Part of what makes understanding compersion so difficult is the mononormative expectations of our culture. We suggest that a non-Western, in particular Buddhist, perspective might be more helpful to understand that love and/or intimacy need not be an affair between two people only. We approach compersion through a Buddhist lens based on the ‘four immeasurables’, i.e. non-egocentric states that Buddhists take to promote well-being, and their ‘near enemies’, i.e. states which are easily conflated with them, but egocentric and harmful. Our goal is not to formulate a definition of compersion, nor to raise a normative bar for anyone who feels compersion, but to describe important facets of it that stand out more clearly against a Buddhist background than they might otherwise do. Such an approach not only enriches our understanding of compersion but contributes to people’s flourishing in all kinds of relationships and shows that non-monogamous relationships might be compatible with some forms of Buddhist practice.

Sentiment Analysis on the FIFA U-20 World Cup in Argentina Using Support Vector Machine

The decision made by FIFA regarding the selection of the soundtrack and the host country for the FIFA U-20 World Cup has sparked emotional reactions among the public and raised concerns about the event, especially on social media platform X. This is due to FIFA’s decision to choose a soundtrack not from the host country, Argentina, but from the previous host, Indonesia. FIFA should advocate for the creation of a soundtrack by the host country to reflect its distinctive characteristics or atmosphere. Concerns about the U-20 World Cup in Argentina have also been fueled by the country’s economic crisis, which is feared to affect the facilities and infrastructure for the young players representing their nations. This research focuses on filtering public responses to FIFA’s decisions regarding the soundtrack selection and the host country for the U-20 World Cup into positive, neutral, and negative categories using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method. The research aims to provide policy recommendations regarding the host selection process and cultural representation in international sports events. Additionally, this study is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the preferences and values held by the public regarding international sports. The research steps include data collection, pre-processing, labeling, weighting, and classification using a Support Vector Machine. The data for this research were obtained through crawling on social media platform X, totaling 2400 data points. The performance evaluation of the SVM algorithm using a 50:50 ratio of training and testing data yielded an average accuracy of 85.71%, Precision of 85.98%, Recall of 85.71%, and F1-score of 85.58%.

Interrelating the Emotional Styles and Social Intelligence of University Students

Interrelating the Emotional Styles and Social Intelligence of University Students

A Neurocognitive Model for Analyzing End Time Narratives: the Book of Revelation 14–16 as a Test Case

Abstract In this article, we introduce a neurocognitive model as a useful analytical approach to a wide range of representations (written, oral, and/or visual) of a comprehensive and dramatic collapse of the world order (cosmic, social, and/or moral). We gather these variegated representations under the term End Time Narratives (ETN). The widespread reception of ETNs, and their popularity and variability across different periods and cultures, is evidence that these representations continually affect us and hold power over us. Prominent and well-known examples of ETNs are the Jewish and Christian apocalypses from antiquity, which have been widely influential through the centuries. This prevalence raises the question of why ETNs exercise such an influence. The reasons, we suggest, are based on the following hypotheses: (1) that the efficacy and attraction of ETNs can be traced to identifiable cognitive mechanisms, (2) that these underlying mechanisms are linked to certain emotional reactions activated by the particular structure and design of these narratives, and (3) ETNs – as cultural products – seem to be designed and structured to elicit cognitive and emotional responses through effects on the brain. To investigate the possible neurocognitive and psychological mechanisms that are simulated and enacted in recipients by ETNs, we apply the model through an “enactive reading” of a classical ETN, the Book of Revelation 14–16.

Comparative Analysis of SVM and NB Algorithms in Evaluating Public Sentiment on Supreme Court Rulings

The legal events that happened to Ferdy Sambo and the Supreme Court’s decision in the cassation triggered emotional reactions and various opinions among the public, especially on social media sites such as Xapps. Some comments reflect people’s concerns about fairness in the legal system. They doubted the integrity of legal institutions or believed that decisions were unfair or in line with vested interests. This research aims to analyze public perceptions of Supreme Court decisions. The research process includes data collection, preprocessing, labeling, weighting, classification using Support Vector Machine and Naïve Bayes, and performance evaluation using a confusion matrix. A dataset of 624 was taken from X apps using the Twitter scraping technique. The lexicon method is used for data labeling, dividing the data into positive, negative, and neutral classes. The analysis results show 46 tweets categorized as positive sentiment, 133 tweets categorized as negative sentiment, and 422 tweets categorized as neutral sentiment. Based on testing with a data ratio of 80:20, both SVM and NB methods show good performance. The SVM criteria showed an accuracy of 0.84, precision of 0.61, recall of 0.78, and f1-score of 0.66, while the NB criteria showed an accuracy of 0.73, precision of 0.37, recall of 0.57, and f1-score of 0.35.

The interplay of social rank perceptions of Trump and Biden and emotions following the U.S. presidential election 2020

ABSTRACT The outcome of the 2020 U.S. election between Trump and Biden evoked strong emotions. In U.S. American (Study 1; N = 405) and German (Study 2; N = 123) samples, we investigated how observers’ group membership (i.e. political orientation) and the social rank attainment of both candidates (i.e. dominance vs. prestige) predicted emotional reactions. Trump was generally perceived as more dominant, and Biden as more prestigious. However, perceptions of social rank attainment differed depending on the observers’ political orientation, either matching or not matching with the leaders (i.e. Republicans and Democrats, respectively). The candidate who did not share the participants’ political orientation was perceived as less prestigious and more dominant and elicited stronger contrastive emotions (i.e. schadenfreude, malicious envy) and weaker assimilative emotions (i.e. happy-for-ness, sympathy, anger), and vice versa. Crucially, dominance and prestige perceptions explained variance in the emotional reactions of more conservative and more liberal participants. Prestige positively predicted assimilative emotions and dominance contrastive emotions. Our work advances theorising by providing evidence that dominance and prestige perceptions contribute to the elicitation of various emotions. Furthermore, it suggests that prestige and dominance are not fixed characteristics of liberal and conservative leaders but depend on the observers’ group membership.

Under Pressure: Emotional Reactions to Stress of Neurosurgeons and Neurosurgical Trainees

Neurosurgeons demonstrate some of the highest levels of burnout among surgeons, yet little research has been done to understand the underlying stressors that neurosurgeons and trainees experience and the emotional responses to them. Our goal was to conduct a feasibility study identifying job stressors and emotional responses among neurosurgeons rather than generalize findings across the profession. Emphasizing a qualitative approach in this feasibility and descriptive study, we strategically selected a small sample of neurosurgical attendings, residents, and fellows at 2 United States academic neurosurgical departments to ensure an in-depth analysis laying the groundwork for future extensive research. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding work-related stressors and high- and low-arousal emotional responses to these stressors, as well as a standardized Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses evaluating types of stressors and emotional responses reported were assessed based on participant training level. Participants identified 3 main stressors: 1) administrative deficiencies; 2) delivering bad news/saving lives; and 3) work-life balance. A low frequency of negative emotional responses was reported, but those reported were mainly high-arousal emotions. Limited prior training in coping strategies was also reported. We also found that residents, fellows, and faculty surgeons reported about work stressors and coping strategies differently. The results of our study provide an understanding of neurosurgical professionals' unique emotional landscape, emphasizing the need for reforms in administrative practices, enhanced, healthy coping strategies, and career stage-specific mental health support.

Beyond environmental harm: Industry claims, lived experiences, and the impacts of gas extraction

The peer-reviewed literature presents overwhelming evidence that fossil fuel based energy infrastructure projects are responsible for lower residential property values, environmental destruction and pollution that decrease residents' quality of life. These projects also challenge local people's sense of identity and even the threat of such a project can make residents question their sense of place. As evidence, we first present a bibliographic analysis of the environmental impact statements for the Mountain Valley Pipeline in West Virginia and the Jordan Cove Energy Project in Oregon. We find that their approval processes relies on non-peer-reviewed, industry-funded claims that pipelines will bring economic benefit and will have no effect on property values. Second, through original interview data gathered between 2019 and 2021 in West Virginia and in 2021 in Oregon, we engage with the concepts of sense of identity and sense of place to demonstrate that regardless of the local context, fossil fuel based energy infrastructure projects cause more than environmental damage; they trigger emotional reactions in residents that see or fear seeing their everyday lives upended. Taken together, this Perspective contributes to the emerging field of emotional energy geography to show how the plans and implementation of oil and gas pipelines become crucial turning points in residents' lives.

Chemosensory analysis of emotional wines: Merging of explicit and implicit methods to measure emotions aroused by red wines

Wine is a cultural product capable of arousing emotions. Measuring emotions and figuring out how much they could influence preferences or purchase decisions of consumers is a new trend in sensory and consumer research. However, the complexity of feelings makes the measure of emotions extremely challenging. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of emotions related to sensory stimuli in wine tasting is still missing. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the emotional power of tasting red wines using a multidisciplinary approach, combining sensory analysis performed by trained panelists, implicit and explicit measurements of emotions and chemical analysis of the wines tasted. Various red wines, renowned for their high polyphenol content and expected to exhibit rich texture, mouthfeel, and aging potential, have been utilized to this extent. The results obtained showed that the emotions measured were well-correlated with quantitative and hedonic attributes obtained using classic sensory analysis. Some aromatic molecules can be identified as markers capable of eliciting positive and negative emotional reactions. While increasing literature in the topic is recently available, our study appears to be the first highlighting the presence of autonomic nervous system (ANS) differences verified by means of electrocardiogram (ECG) features, related to explicit and complete sensory patterns, in response to sensory stimuli related to emotional wine, with higher sympathetic values at extrema and vagal increase in the presence of neutral sensory compounds.

Emotional expression in mathematics e-learning using emojis: A gender-based analysis

Emotional feeling is a phase of neurobiological activity that plays an important role in cognitive thinking and learning, although largely overlooked in complex tutoring fields like Mathematics. This paper introduces an innovative e-learning Mathematics course integrating emojis as a feedback mechanism to express students’ emotional responses towards mathematical challenges. By providing a platform for intuitive emotional expression, this approach aims to strengthen engagement and comprehension. Through empirical investigation, emotional reactions of online mathematics students are explored, with attention to gender-related differences in emoji usage. A survey administered to 100 students prompts them to select emojis conveying their sentiments towards mathematical problems. Statistical analyses reveal that emojis effectively capture students’ emotions, with an emphasis on gender-based variations in selection. These insights illuminate the dynamics of emotional expression and hold implications for fostering comprehensive learning environments that mitigate negative emotions such as mathematical anxiety. By empowering educators to monitor students’ emotional reactions and adapt teaching strategies accordingly, this approach has the potential to cultivate confident and proficient learners essential for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) advancement.

Association between Chronic Misophonia-Induced Stress and Gastrointestinal Pathology in Children-A Hypothesis.

Misophonia is a neurophysiological disorder with behavioral implications, is complex and multifactorial in origin, and is characterized by an atypical and disproportionate emotional response to specific sounds or associated visual stimuli. Triggers include human-generated sounds, mainly sounds related to feeding and breathing processes, and repetitive mechanical sounds. In response to the triggering stimulus, the patient experiences immediate, high-intensity, disproportionate physical and emotional reactions that affect their quality of life and social functioning. The symptoms of misophonia can occur at any age, but onset in childhood or adolescence is most common. Affected children live in a constant state of anxiety, suffer continuous physical and emotional discomfort, and are thus exposed to significant chronic stress. Chronic stress, especially during childhood, has consequences on the main biological systems through the dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, including the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we provide arguments for a positive correlation between misophonic pathology and gastrointestinal symptoms, and this hypothesis may be the starting point for further longitudinal studies that could investigate the correlations between these childhood vulnerabilities caused by misophonia and their effect on the gastrointestinal system. Further research to study this hypothesis is essential to ensure correct and timely diagnosis and optimal psychological and pharmacological support.

A Qualitative Inquiry of Holocaust Survivors in the Face of Financial Exploitation

Objective Financial exploitation of older adults results in devastating emotional, health, and economic consequences for victims, their families, and society at large. Examining reactions of Holocaust survivors to financial exploitation can provide informative insights into the effects of re-traumatization in highly traumatized older adults. This study examined the personal experiences and meaning that Holocaust survivors attribute to being victims of financial exploitation, thereby assessing an underexplored issue: the effects of financial exploitation on previously traumatized older adults. Method Fifteen Israeli Holocaust survivors (10 females; 5 males) aged 79–92 (M = 84.66), participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed according to the phenomenological approach. Results Analysis yielded four themes. Negative emotional reactions toward financial exploitation included feelings of anger, hurt, shock, and helplessness. Coping mechanisms included adaptive (i.e. acting for the benefit of the self and offspring, helping others, alertness, and caution), and maladaptive (i.e. self-blame and rationalization) mechanisms. Positive life motto relates to participants perceiving themselves as vital and optimistic, grateful, helping the weak, and content with little. Protective and risk factors included family and community protection (versus living alone without resources), education (versus lack of), and taking preventive measures. Conclusions This study adds to the literature on the experience of revictimization among previously traumatized older adults, Holocaust survivors exposed to financial exploitation, by highlighting adaptive and maladaptive coping mechanisms alongside positive mottos in life, and victims’ perceptions of risk and protective factors. Overall, findings indicate that the participants were characterized by both resilience and vulnerability in the face of financial exploitation.

Acts of God and restorative justice in the Joseph story

This article presents the narrator’s and the characters’ contesting views on the “acts of God” in the Joseph story (Genesis 37, 39–50) through the interpretive framework of Ricoeurian narrative theology, along with psychoanalytic theories, such as repression and Nachträglichkeit. After presenting the different static views on the acts of God by the narrator, Joseph’s butler, and Joseph’s brothers, the article offers a psychoanalytic reading of the gradual change in Joseph’s view on the acts of God. It argues that (1) Joseph’s delayed emotional reactions to his traumatic experience of being sold into slavery by his brothers are triggered by his subsequent encounters with them, which eventually lead to his radical resignification of his past traumatic experiences and misfortunes as the saving acts of God and (2) the restorative justice achieved between Joseph and his brothers at the end culminates in another insight on the “acts of God” as a form of transformative, healing power.

Analyzing principles and applications of machine learning in music: Emotion music generation, and style modeling

The combination of machine learning with music composition and production is proving viable for innovative applications, enabling the creation of novel musical experiences that were once the exclusive domain of human composers. This paper explores the transformative role of machine learning in music, particularly focusing on emotion music generation and style modeling. Through the development and application of models including DNNs, GANs, and Autoencoders, this study delves into how machine learning is being harnessed to not only generate music that embodies specific emotional contexts but also to transfer distinct musical styles onto new compositions. This research discusses the principles of these models, their operational mechanisms, and evaluates their effectiveness through various metrics such as accuracy, precision, and creative authenticity. The outcomes illustrate that these technologies not only enhance the creative possibilities in music but also democratize music production, making it more accessible to non-experts. The implications of these advancements suggest a significant shift in the music industry, where machine learning could become a central component of creative processes. These results pave a path to the understanding of the potential and limitations of machine learning in music and forecasts future trends in this evolving landscape.

Varieties of gratitude: Identifying patterns of emotional responses to positive experiences attributed to God, karma, and human benefactors.

Good fortune can be attributed to many sources, including other people, personal efforts, and various theistic and nontheistic supernatural forces (e.g., God, karma). Four studies (total N = 4,579) of religiously diverse samples from the United States and the United Kingdom investigated the distinct emotional reactions to recalled positive experiences attributed to natural and supernatural benefactors. We found that the hallmarks of interpersonal gratitude (e.g., thankfulness, admiration, indebtedness) were reported when believers attributed their good fortune to a personal, benevolent God. However, a distinct emotional profile arose when participants attributed good fortune to the process of karmic payback, which was associated with relatively less gratitude but with higher scores for feelings of pride and deservingness. These results were partially explained by participants' attributions of positive experiences to an external agent (e.g., God) versus a universal law or internal factors as in the case of karma. We conclude that diverse spiritual beliefs influence causal attributions for good fortune, which, in turn, predict distinct emotional responses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

A Qualitative Exploration of Young Canadians’ Experiences of Undesired Dog Behaviours

There is a need for research that explores the challenges associated with dog ownership. In particular, increasing our understanding of how young people manage their dog’s undesired behaviours can inform a more nuanced perspective of dog ownership as well as highlight the impact of such interactions on both dogs and young people. This qualitative study addresses this gap in the human–animal interactions literature through a secondary analysis of a data set of transcribed semi-structured interviews with seven participants aged between 17–26 years. The data were collected during a larger investigation that focused on young people’s relationships with their dogs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using thematic analyses, we examined interviews that probed participants’ experiences and responses when their dogs misbehaved. The findings identified and explored three emerging themes including Attachment Patterns, which was supported by the codes of connection and kinship. The second theme was Synchrony and/or Lack of Synchrony, which was supported by the codes of reaction and communication. The third theme was Response to Challenging Situations, supported by the codes of emotional reactions and coping styles. Findings suggest that participants handled their dog’s undesired behaviours in unique ways and that such situations may negatively impact their emotions. Undesired dog behaviours were not related to participants’ perceptions of poor attachment patterns towards their dogs. These findings can inform efforts to foster positive interactions between young people and their dogs and reduce dog surrenders.