Emotion Regulation Training Research Articles

Relationship between alexithymia and variability of blood pressure measured with ABPM in hypertensive patients

ObjectiveStudies indicates that dysregulation of emotions plays an important role in the etiology of elevated blood pressure (BP). One of the signatures of emotional dysregulation is alexithymia defined as an impaired ability to experience and express emotions. Previous work indicated that primary hypertension (HT) is marked by higher alexithymia, but little research examined the relationship between alexithymia and variability of evaluated BP with 24 h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) in HT patients. MethodFifty-five participants diagnosed with hypertension and a matched group of thirty-nine healthy participants filled in The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), a clinical-demographic questionnaire, and were assessed with 24 h ABPM. ResultsAfter removing those with white coat HT, as expected, hypertensive individuals had a higher total score and all three alexithymia subscales. Furthermore, alexithymia was positively correlated with average values of systolic BP. ConclusionThese findings provided support for the contention that alexithymia is associated with elevated BP, the higher level of alexithymia the higher systolic BP in 24 h BP measurement. Future studies may examine the causal relationship between alexithymia and HT and evaluate the effectiveness of emotional regulation training interventions to reduce BP in people suffering from primary hypertension.

The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation in the Relation Between Adult Attachment Insecurity and Depression Among Young Gay and Bisexual Men

Objectives: Attachment insecurity may be more pronounced among young gay and bisexual men (YGBM). Further, attachment insecurity is associated with dysregulated patterns of emotion regulation, which can lead to depression. However, pathways linking attachment insecurity to depression are underexplored among YGBM. Methods: This study used pilot data from N = 67 YGBM to examine if emotion dysregulation mediated the association between attachment insecurity and depression. Results: Results supported the study hypotheses. Attachment insecurity was associated with emotion dysregulation, which was associated with depression. Conclusion: Findings provide preliminary evidence that emotion regulation training may be a useful approach for addressing depression among YGBM.

Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training Based on Grass Model on Reducing Rumination and Social Anxiety in Female Students with 60-Day Follow-up

Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training Based on Grass Model on Reducing Rumination and Social Anxiety in Female Students with 60-Day Follow-up

The Impact of Emotion Regulation Training on Social Skills of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

The Impact of Emotion Regulation Training on Social Skills of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Quality of Life in Riot Police: Links to Anger, Emotion Regulation, Depression, and Anxiety

Police work is accepted as a high-risk and stressful occupation, where affective variables may influence both work performance and perceived quality of life (QoL) in police officers. The current study aimed to investigate the associations between QoL, emotion regulation, anger, and mental health in a sample of 156 Turkish riot police officers. Study design was descriptive and cross-sectional. Data was collected using self-report measures. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that depression and cognitive reappraisal as an emotion regulation strategy were significant predictors of all domains of QoL. Trait anger was the third significant predictor of physical health and environment QoL, whereas anxiety emerged as the third significant predictor of psychological health QoL. Due to the high rates of depression and anxiety found in riot police, routine screening and early interventions to promote mental health should be conducted in this special population. It is suggested to implement psychological prevention programs which encompass emotion and anger regulation training for the promotion of QoL in riot police.

A cognitive versus behavioral approach to emotion regulation training for externalizing behavior problems in adolescence: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundInterventions for adolescents with externalizing behavior problems are generally found to be only moderately effective, and treatment responsiveness is variable. Therefore, this study aims to increase intervention effectiveness by examining effective approaches to train emotion regulation, which is considered to be a crucial mechanism involved in the development of externalizing behavior problems. Specifically, we aim to disentangle a cognitive and behavioral approach to emotion regulation training.MethodsA randomized controlled parallel-group study with two arms will be used. Participants are adolescents between 12 and 16 years old, with elevated levels of externalizing behavior problems. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the control condition or the intervention condition. Participants in the intervention condition receive both a cognitive and behavioral emotion regulation module, but in different sequences. Primary outcome measures are emotion regulation skills, emotion regulation strategies, and externalizing behavior problems. Questionnaires will be completed at pre-test, in-between modules, and post-test. Moreover, intensive longitudinal data is collected, as adolescents will complete weekly and daily measures.DiscussionGaining insight into which approaches to emotion regulation training are more effective, and for whom, is important because it may lead to the adaptation of effective intervention programs for adolescents with externalizing behavior problems. Eventually, this could lead to individually tailored evidence-based interventions.Trial registrationThe trial is registered at the Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects (NL61104.041.17, September 20th, 2017) and the Dutch Trial Register (NTR7334, July 10th, 2018).

Complementing cognitive behaviour therapy with emotion regulation training for patients with medically unexplained symptom: Findings of a multicentre randomized controlled ENCERT trial

The influences of fabrication parameters such as the fiber content, fiber length, alkali concentration and alkali treatment duration on the mechanical properties (tensile and flexural strength) of Areca fine fiber (AFF)-reinforced phenol formaldehyde (PF) composite were investigated in the present study. The Taguchi's experimental design (L27 orthogonal array) was used to prepare the composites and to analyze the mechanical properties of composites. The analysis of variance and signal-to-noise ratio with the Taguchi method were also used to understand the influence of the fabrication parameters on the tensile and flexural strength of the composite. Results show that the fiber content was the most influential fabrication parameter on both the tensile and flexural strength followed by the fiber length and the alkali treatment duration. The interaction between the fabrication parameters also has a significant effect on the tensile and flexural strength of the composite. The optimal combination of fabrication parameters to obtain the maximum tensile and flexural strength was found to be FL = 10 mm, FC = 35 vol%, AC = 6% and ATD = 1 h.

Systematic review of studies of mental health nurses' experience of anger and of its relationships with their attitudes and practice.

Introduction Emotional regulation is important in mental health nursing practice, but individual emotions may require different regulation strategies. There is ample evidence that nurses experience anger specifically during their work, for example when experiencing patient aggression. It is, therefore, important to consolidate what is known about how anger manifests in mental health nursing practice. We aimed to systematically identify, evaluate and synthesize results from studies about mental health nurses and anger, where anger was measured objectively. Systematic literature review based on PRISMA guidelines. We identified 12 studies. A range of validated and nonvalidated instruments was used. Mental health nurses may have lower levels of anger than normative samples, but anger is commonly reported as an issue for them. Anger was studied in relation to its links with (1) clinical management of patients, notably violence containment; and (2) employment issues more generally, notably job motivation. Anger is related to nurses' attitudes about the acceptability of coercion, but there is no evidence that it results in more coercion. Nurses should be aware of the potential influence of anger on their practice. Anger, specifically, should be considered when supporting mental health nurses, for example in clinical supervision. Emotional regulation training should target anger.

Prevention of violent revictimization in depressed patients with an add-on internet-based emotion regulation training (iERT): study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial

BackgroundPsychiatric patients are at high risk of becoming victim of a violent crime compared to the general population. Although most research has focused on patients with severe mental illness, depressed patients have been demonstrated to be prone to victimization as well. Victimization is associated with more severe symptomatology, decreased quality of life, and high risk of revictimization. Hence, there is a strong need for interventions that focus on preventing violent revictimization. Since emotion dysregulation is associated with both victimization and depression, we developed an internet-based Emotion Regulation Training (iERT) to reduce revictimization in depressed patients. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of iERT added to Treatment As Usual (TAU) in reducing incidents of violent revictimization among depressed patients with a recent history of victimization. Furthermore, this study aims to examine secondary clinical outcomes, and moderators and mediators that may be associated with treatment outcomes.MethodsIn a multicenter randomized controlled trial with parallel group design, patients with a major depressive disorder and a history of violent victimization over the past three years (N = 200) will be allocated to either TAU + iERT (N = 100) or TAU only (N = 100), based on computer-generated stratified block randomization. Assessments will take place at baseline, 8 weeks, 14 weeks, and 6 months after start of treatment, and 12, 24, and 36 months after baseline. The primary outcome measure is the total number of violent victimization incidents at 12 months after baseline, measured with the Safety Monitor: an adequate self-report questionnaire that assesses victimization over the preceding 12 months. Secondary outcome measures and mediators include emotion dysregulation and depressive symptomatology. An economic evaluation with the societal perspective will be performed alongside the trial.DiscussionThis study is the first to examine the effectiveness of an intervention aimed at reducing violent revictimization in depressed patients. If effective, iERT can be implemented in mental health care, and contribute to the well-being of depressed patients. Furthermore, the results will provide insight into underlying mechanisms of revictimization.Trial registrationThe study is registered at the Netherlands Trial Register (NTR5822). Date of registration: 4 April 2016.

The Efficacy of Emotion Regulation Training on Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Irritability of the Students With Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

The Efficacy of Emotion Regulation Training on Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Irritability of the Students With Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training in Visual-Spatial and Verbal Working Memory Capacity

Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training in Visual-Spatial and Verbal Working Memory Capacity

EFEKTIVITAS PELATIHAN REGULASI EMOSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN RESILIENSI CAREGIVER-KELUARGA PASIEN SKIZOFRENIA

The study examined the effectiveness of emotion regulation training to improve schizophrenia familycaregiver’s resilience. This study use pre-post test control group design. The intervention consist 3 class sessions for two weeks and the duration of every session runs between 150- 180 minutes each. The participants were 10 schizophrenia caregivers from two desa in Moyudan Sleman. They were men and women aged between 39-57 years old, and classified into two groups. One group (n=5) received emotion regulation training as experimental group and the other (n=5) as controlled group (waiting list). Participant were assed using Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) before intervention (pre-tes,) after intervention (post-test,) and two weeks after intervention (follow-up). T-test analysis toward the gained score shows difference between the experimental group and controlled group. The experimental group shows significant improvement while the control group show less obvious improvement. The result concluded that emotion regulation training was significantly effective to improve resilience of schizophrenia familycaregiver. Key word : resilience, emotion regulation, schizophrenia family caregiver

The Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training with a Positive Thinking Approach in Quality of Life and Its Dimensions Among Children with Cancer

Objectives Cancer is the major leading cause of death in children. Diagnosis of cancer can create numerous psychological traumas for children and decrease their quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training with a positive thinking approach in quality of life and its dimensions among children with cancer.Methods This quasi-experimental study is followed by a pretest, posttest, and follow-up design with a control group. Statistical population of the current study constituted of 40 children with cancer who were hospitalized in Imam Ali hospital in Zahedan from January to April 2017. Among these people, 30 individuals (15 individuals assigned to a control group and 15 individuals assigned to an experimental group) were selected using a convenience sampling method. The experimental group took part in 8 60-minute sessions of emotion regulation training with a positive thinking approach. After completing the sessions, a posttest and a 1-month follow-up were carried out. To collect data, pediatric quality of life questionnaire (PedsQL) was used.Results Results of an analysis of covariance demonstrated that emotion regulation training, with a positive thinking approach was effective in promoting all dimensions of quality of life among children with cancer (P Conclusions Given the effectiveness of emotion regulation training with a positive thinking approach in improving the dimensions of quality of life, authorities are recommended to apply this training to improve the quality of life of children with cancer.

Effect of emotion regulation training on depression, anxiety, and stress among mothers of children with mental disorders

Effect of emotion regulation training on depression, anxiety, and stress among mothers of children with mental disorders

Impaired emotion processing and a reduction in trust in patients with somatic symptom disorder.

There is accumulating evidence for deficits in the perception and regulation of one's own emotions, as well as the recognition of others' emotions in somatic symptom disorder (SSD). However, investigations of SSD focusing on specific aspects of emotion processing and how these might interact are missing. We included 35 patients with SSD and 35 healthy controls who completed questionnaires on the perception and regulation of their own emotions, as well as experimental investigations of emotion recognition and trust. In line with previous studies, our results show that SSD patients in comparison to healthy controls have difficulties in the identification and description of own feelings (ηp2 =.381 and ηp2 =.315). Furthermore, we found that patients apply less cognitive reappraisal (ηp2 =.185) but tend to use more expressive suppression (ηp2 =.047). In contrast to previous studies, we found SSD patients to perform superior in emotion recognition, in particular for anger (d=0.40). In addition, patients with SSD invested less in a trust game (d=0.73). These results point to a higher sensitivity for negative emotions and less trust in others. Further, these findings suggest a dissociation between the ability to recognize one's own emotions versus others' emotions in SSD. Future interventions targeting emotion processing in SSD might focus on the identification of one's own emotions, prior to the training of emotion regulation.

Negative affect as mediator between emotion regulation and medically unexplained symptoms

BackgroundResearch on emotion regulation (ER) in medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUS) is rare. PurposeThe goal of this study was to compare ER skills between MUS-patients without comorbid depression, MUS-patients with comorbid depression (MUS+MDD), patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and healthy controls. Additionally, we examined the mediating effect of depression and anxiety on the relationship between ER and somatization. MethodsThe Emotion-Regulation Skills Questionnaire (ERSQ) and other self-report measures were completed by 138 MUS-patients, 114 MUS+MDD-patients, 106 MDD-patients, and 100 healthy controls. Multiple mediation analyses were applied to investigate the role of depression and anxiety as potential mediators. ResultsA MANCOVA and post-hoc test with age, sex and education as covariates indicated that ER skills of the MUS-group were lower than the controls (p<0.001–p=0.047), but higher than the MDD- and MUS+MDD-group (p<0.001–p=0.042). ER skills of the MDD-group and MUS+MDD-group did not differ (p=0.78–p=0.99), but were lower than controls (p<0.001–p=0.011). In the MUS-groups depression and anxiety had a mediating effect on the relationship between ER and somatization (b=−0.23, 95% bias-corrected CI: −0.30, –0.17). The direct effect of ER on somatization was no longer significant when controlling for the mediating variables (b=0.07, p=0.083). ConclusionsOur study reveals that patients with MUS+MDD have higher deficits in ER skills than MUS patients without MDD. Additionally, deficits in ER in MUS-patients are influenced by depression and anxiety. This indicates that MUS-patients with comorbid mental disorders might benefit from an emotion regulation training.

Altered Amygdala Information Flow during rt-fMRI Neurofeedback Training of Emotion Regulation

Emotional illnesses are a kind of typical brain dysfunction disease that influences daily work and urban life. Previous studies have showed that real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rt-fMRI NF) had effect on improving the treatment of some mental diseases. The neurofeedback signal usually is the activation of single or multiple brain areas, which limits the applications of NF-based brain network. However, the causal relationships in the emotion regulatory network remain unclear. The amygdala is a complex brain structure that consists of functionally distinct nuclei, particularly the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and centromedial amygdala (CMA). In this study, a group of healthy participants attempted to learn emotional self-regulation of the feedback based on their brain state. We performed granger causality analysis (GCA) for the significant vibrancy in information interactions between the BLA and CMA, both in the emotion regulatory network and among amygdala nuclei. Compared with the CMA, the BLA receives more information flows within the network regions, particularly from the right thalamus to the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex. Comparison of changes in amygdala nuclei shows that the information flow is suppressed from the right BLA to the left CMA. Hence, the BLA plays a critical role in emotion processing and transfer. This study highlights the possible use for rt-fMRI NF-based emotion regulation to the brain network.

The effectiveness of emotion regulation and distress tolerance skills on improving coping strategies and reduce perceived stress in prisoners

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was the effectiveness of emotion regulation and distress tolerance skills on improving coping strategies and reduce perceived stress in prisoners in Foman city in Iran.MethodThe study population was consisted of 200 prisoners of Foman Penitentiary in 2016. Then, 30 prisoners were selected randomly in two groups (15 persons each group) were replaced. Emotion regulation and distress tolerance training was given to the experimental group for 12 sessions and the control group were in waiting list. Both groups at baseline and end of intervention phase filled coping responses inventory Bellinger and mouse and Cohen perceived stress questionnaire – version 14 questions (PSS-14). Data were analysed by using the software spss22.FindingsEmotion regulation and distress tolerance skills have been effective on Improving problem-focused coping strategies and reduce perceived stress in prisoners (P &lt; 0/001).Discussion and conclusionemotion regulation and distress tolerance skills can improve problem-focused coping strategies and reduce the use of emotion-focused coping strategies and perceived stress in prisoners.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Emotion Regulation Mediates the Associations of Mindfulness on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in the General Population

In the last decade, clinical research on mindfulness and its positive effects on depression and anxiety have gained increased interest. Emotion regulation mediates the effects of mindfulness on mental health in clinical samples and among meditators. The present study examined whether these associations also generalize to the general population. Multi-group structural equation models tested with a sample of 853 adults whether difficulties in emotion regulation mediated the associations between overall mindfulness in addition to the Observe facet with symptoms of depression and anxiety and whether associations were similar among men and women. Emotion regulation partially mediated the associations of overall mindfulness with symptoms of depression and anxiety; associations with Observe were fully mediated. The magnitude of associations was similar among men and women. Mindfulness exerts positive effects on mental health among the general population mostly via improving emotion regulation. The training of mindfulness and emotion regulation may thus benefit mental health not only in clinical populations but also in the general population. Venues for further research are discussed.

Helping Others Regulate Emotion Predicts Increased Regulation of One's Own Emotions and Decreased Symptoms of Depression.

Although much research considers how individuals manage their own emotions, less is known about the emotional benefits of regulating the emotions of others. We examined this topic in a 3-week study of an online platform providing training and practice in the social regulation of emotion. We found that participants who engaged more by helping others (vs. sharing and receiving support for their own problems) showed greater decreases in depression, mediated by increased use of reappraisal in daily life. Moreover, social regulation messages with more other-focused language (i.e., second-person pronouns) were (a) more likely to elicit expressions of gratitude from recipients and (b) predictive of increased use of reappraisal over time for message composers, suggesting perspective-taking enhances the benefits of practicing social regulation. These findings unpack potential mechanisms of socially oriented training in emotion regulation and suggest that by helping others regulate, we may enhance our own regulatory skills and emotional well-being.