Emotional Quotient Research Articles

Revolutionizing HRM: a review of human-robot collaboration in HRM functions and the imperative of change readiness

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to conduct a review of the literature on human-robot collaboration across different functions and activities of human resource management (HRM) and discuss its importance for change readiness in organizations.Design/methodology/approachA bibliometric analysis was conducted to identify emerging research themes in the fields of human resources (HR) and robotics, including change readiness. Based on the initial results of the bibliometric analysis, a systematic literature review was subsequently performed to gain a more specific understanding of research across various HRM functions and change readiness.FindingsThe results from bibliometric analysis and systematic review highlight that technological progression in HRM, such as AI-driven staffing and training techniques, improves effectiveness and personalization but raises concerns about privacy and job scrutiny. AI and robotics in performance evaluation enhance objectivity and reduce subjectivity, which can lead to disengagement. Generational differences, cultural factors and emotional quotient complicate readiness to adopt new technologies. The research emphasizes balancing technological effectiveness with employee involvement and meaningfulness to ensure successful implementation and engagement.Originality/valueThis paper synthesizes existing research, including literature, theoretical concepts and models, to identify best practices and successful strategies for implementing human-robot collaboration in HRM functions. It highlights gaps in the current literature and suggests areas for future research to advance the field of human-robot collaboration in HRM. By doing so, this paper enhances theoretical understanding while offering practical insights essential for effective change management.

Designing a meditation module to affect etiological and preventive factors in primary hypertensive patients-A pilot study.

The aim of the present pilot study is to design, validate, and check the feasibility and efficacy of the designed meditation module on etiological and preventive factors in primary hypertensive patients (PHP). The systematic and detailed meditation module was formulated to prevent the complications of hypertension. The designed module was validated by 5 subject experts in the field of complementary and alternative therapy and research. Content Validity Ratio (CVR), Average Congruency Percentage (ACP), and Content Validity Index were calculated. The intervention was given for 5 days a week for 4 weeks, to 9 PHP to check the feasibility and the efficacy of the module by analyzing biochemical and psychological parameters. A randomized controlled trial is planned ahead with this module as intervention. The designed meditation module had 19 concepts with CVR >0.49 and ACP > 90% which were retained, 2 were modified (CVR 0.6, ACP 80) and 1 was deleted as CVR was <0.49 and ACP < 70%. The feasibility test mean was 93.33 ± 8.66 and the efficacy was tested by increase in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (p = 0.022) and decrease in anxiety (p = 0.022) and perceived stress (p = 0.016), improvement in emotional quotient (p = 0.011), mental state (p = 0.044), quality of sleep (p = 0.001), quality of life (p = 0.011), and happiness state (p = 0.003). The designed meditation module was found valid by the experts, feasible to patients, and efficient in improving biochemical and psychological parameters among PHP to affect the hypertensive etiological factors and check the progress and complications of the disorder. Trial Registration: CTRI/2022/09/045421.

School Heads’ Emotional Quotient, Resiliency and Productivity

This study evaluates the emotional quotient (EQ), resiliency, and productivity of school heads in the Schools Division of Antique for the 2023-2024 school year. Employing a descriptive-correlational research design, data were gathered from 218 school heads using validated questionnaires. The findings reveal that school heads exhibit high levels of emotional intelligence, substantial resiliency, and robust productivity, with notable variations based on demographic factors such as age, educational attainment, and experience. The results underscore the significant influence of EQ and resiliency on enhancing productivity, highlighting the importance of targeted training programs to strengthen these competencies among school leaders. This research underscores the role of emotional and adaptive leadership qualities in fostering effective school management and improved educational outcomes. Keywords: emotional quotient, resiliency, productivity, school heads, educational leadership

MANAGERIAL COMPETENCE IN CHURCH STEWARDSHIP

The problem of mismanagement in church stewardship is caused by church leaders not being standardized in their managerial competencies which causes them to be unable to carry out their management functions, namely: planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. This study addresses a notable gap in existing literature by providing a framework that links these competencies to the successful achievement of a church's vision, mission, and goals. The author proposes generic managerial competencies that must be standardized or possessed by the church leaders, such as General Ability, Willingness to do more, Creative Leadership, Goal &amp; Objective Setting, Managerial, Emotional Quotient, Personality, human relations, work style, Loyalty, Work Potential. Finally, the research offers practical insights for church leaders enabling them to enhance their managerial skills and improve overall church governance and operational effectiveness.

Emotional intelligence and academic performance: A retrospective study of ten dental classes.

Emotional intelligence (EI) supports clinical and social competencies of a practicing dentist. The Bar-On EI model consists of inter-related competencies in five domains: Self-Perception, Self-Expression, Interpersonal, Decision making, and Stress management. This study investigated the relationship between dental students' EI measured by Emotional Quotient Inventory 2.0 (EQ-i 2.0) and academic and clinical performance at three junctures: Initial, Mid, and Grad. This retrospective cross-sectional study measured correlations between EQ-i 2.0 and performance measures such as Entering GPA and DAT scores, GPAs, preclinical (PreClinMean) and clinical grades (ClinMean), and program learning outcomes (PLOs). Ten cohorts completed three EQ assessments: Initial Attempt 1 (N=677), Mid Attempt 2 (N=515), and Grad Attempt 3 (N=472). Pearson correlations (p≤0.05) were completed for Attempt 1versus Entering GPA, DAT, Year 1 GPA; Attempt 2vs. Year 2 GPA, PreclinMean; Attempt 3versus Year 4 GPA, ClinMean, PLOs. Multivariate regression analysis was completed for Attempt 1 and Attempt 2versus Performance measures. The attempts were compared with t test statistic (p≤0.05). Attempt 1 showed significant negative correlations between EI and pre-admissions measures. Attempt 1 and Attempt 2 showed significant positive associations for Self-Perception, Empathy, Impulse Control, and Stress Tolerance with academic performance and PLOs. Attempt 3 showed significant positive correlations for Social Responsibility, Empathy, Impulse Control and Decision making with clinical performance. The Interpersonal EQ domain, Empathy, and Happiness significantly declined during matriculation. EQ-i 2.0 total score correlated significantly with preclinical and clinical performance in this study and is important for dental student performance.

Emotional Intelligence May Be Associated with Some Forms of Creative Potential.

The current study examined the relationship between creative potential, estimated with tests of divergent thinking (DT), and emotional intelligence (EI). Previous research has hinted at a relationship, but the EI-DT relationship may differ as a function of the tasks and the specific components of EI. With this in mind, the present investigation compared two DT tests (Social Games vs. Titles Games) and examined whether or not the Interpersonal and Intrapersonal subscales of EI were more associated with DT than the Adaptability and Stress Management EI subscales. The youth version of the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i: YV) was used to measure EI. The measure of EI and the two DT tests were administered to 244 male and female gifted (N = 125) and nongifted (N = 119) high school students in Saudi Arabia. The first objective was to examine whether the EI-DT relationship differs based on the nature of the task of the two DT tests used in the current study (Social Games vs. Titles Games). The second objective was to test whether the Interpersonal and Intrapersonal subscales of EI are more associated with DT than the Adaptability and Stress Management EI subscales. Canonical correlation analysis showed that the relationship between the Social Games test and EI was stronger than the relationship between the Titles Games test and EI. Two path analyses were run: one for the total sample and the second for the gifted sample. The likelihood ratio test showed that the Social Games test was more associated with EQ-i subscales than the Titles Games test for both samples. As expected, the Inter- and the Intrapersonal subscales of the EQ-i were more highly related to Social Games fluency and originality scores compared with the Stress Management and Adaptability subscales. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

Correlation Between Emotional Intelligence and Blood Groups Among Medical Students

Background: Emotional intelligence, known as emotional quotient or EQ, is the ability to understand, use and manage your own emotions in positive ways to relieve stress, communicate effectively and empathize with others. There are numerous lines of evidence that show the influence of blood groups on skills and abilities related to EQ. This study aims to compare the EQ-related skills and abilities among medical students with various blood groups. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College from November 2021 to May 2022. Sample were collected from Chattagram Maa-OShishu Hospital Medical College and Southern Medical College. The responses are entered as data into the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 and the qualitative data is analyzed using chi square test and the quantitative data is compared using the Bonferroni version of the ANOVA test. Results: The most frequent blood group is B in this study. Overall, students with blood group AB scored the most with 23.08% of them scoring more than or equal to 120. On the other hand, students of blood group O scored the least, with only 14.81% of them scoring 120 or above. 20.51% of A group and 15.79% of B group scored 120 or more. There was no significant difference between blood groups and emotional intelligence. The highest scores concerning self-awareness, Self-confidence and Self competency are in blood group AB (19.4615 ± 2.79, 18.4615 ± 2.99, 17.6154 ± 2.63 respectively) and p- values are 0.20, 0.15 and 0.94. Students who have A blood group scored higher in motivation and self-control (18.2308 ± 3.56 and18.4103 ± 3.51) and who have blood group B scored higher on empathy (18.7018 ± 2.82 and p- value was 0.99). Conclusion: Subjects with blood group “AB” had a higher degree of emotional Quotient as compared to other blood groups. Blood group Bis the most prevalent blood group in our study population. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.22 (2); July 2023; Page 56-59

Gender Differences for the Relative Age Effect on Physical Skills and Emotional Intelligence in Child Volleyball and Soccer Athletes.

Background/Objectives. The goal of this study was to assess the relative age effect and its relationship with the development of physical abilities and emotional intelligence in Colombian child athletes according to gender and the sport practiced. Methods. A cross-sectional correlational design was used. A total of 135 Colombian soccer and volleyball athletes, 62 boys and 73 girls, voluntarily participated with an average age of 13.25 ± 0.59 years. Physical skills such as SJ, CMJ, CMJA, 5, 10, and 15 m speed, CODS agility, and emotional intelligence were evaluated. Results. Statistically significant differences were found in the mood variables between Q1 and Q4 (p = 0.047, ηp2 = 0.08) and Q2 and Q4 (p = 0.035, ηp2 = 0.08). These differences are also present in the interpersonal variable between Q1 and Q4 (p = 0.003, ηp2 = 0.12), Q2 and Q4 (p = 0.009, ηp2 = 0.12), and, finally, in the total emotional quotient between Q1 and Q4 (p = 0.013, ηp2 = 0.13), Q2 and Q3 (p = 0.024, ηp2 = 0.13), and Q2 and Q4 (p = 0.005, ηp2 = 0.13). Conclusions. Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that the relative age effect appears to be sensitive to CODS agility, 15 m speed, and SJ power variables concerning gender and sport. Jump height for CMJ concerning gender and CMJA jump concerning sport were considered. Emotional intelligence appears to be a variable sensitive to the relative age effect.

Association of Emotional Intelligence With Pharmacy Students’ Leadership and Academic Performance

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the association between emotional intelligence, leadership involvement, and academic performance among student pharmacists. MethodsThis was a retrospective, observational study that included all second-year student pharmacists in the 2022–2023 and 2023–2024 academic years. Emotional intelligence was assessed using the emotional quotient (EQ) inventory, version 2.0 (EQ-i 2.0), with results reported for 15 skills of EQ. Leadership involvement was collected from student organizations as the number of officer positions held by each student throughout the Doctor of Pharmacy curriculum. Academic performance was reported as the cumulative grade point average (GPA). The primary end point was the mean EQ-i 2.0 skill results compared between students with < 2 and ≥ 2 leadership positions. The secondary end point was mean EQ-i 2.0 skill results of students with GPA < 3.5 and GPA ≥ 3.5. Bivariate logistic regression was used to analyze each outcome. ResultsAll 214 s-year students in both cohorts completed the assessment. Students who held ≥ 2 leadership positions, on average, had a higher social responsibility score than students with < 2 positions. Students with GPA ≥ 3.5 had an assertiveness score lower than students with GPA< 3.5. ConclusionThe results indicated that students with higher social responsibility as an EQ skill were reported to have increased leadership involvement. Students with lower assertiveness as an EQ skill were reported to have GPA ≥ 3.5. These findings demonstrate the importance of emphasizing social responsibility in the pharmacy curriculum.

Factors Affecting Emotion Intelligence among Adolescents: Literature Review 2024-25

Abstract Adolescence is a stage marked by physical, hormonal, and psycho social changes. It is a transaction period in a person’s life between childhood and adulthood. An adolescent experience different feeling, sometimes negative emotions and in certain situations react more promptly. Their reactions are more strong to the situations emitting emotions. According to Peter Salovey and John Mayer (1997) “Emotional intelligence is the ability to monitor one's own and other people's emotions, to discriminate between different emotions and label them appropriately, and to use emotional information to guide thinking and behaviour". In today’s world educator’s emphasis, more on social-emotional learning among children. In India the new National Education Policy 2020 is been framed keeping in mind the social emotional development of children ensuring holistic development. It states that major goal of our education system must be to “develop good human beings capable of rational thought and action, possessing compassion and empathy”. This article will help to realize the value and significance of emotional intelligence in adolescents. Also, various factors affecting the emotional intelligence of adolescents though literature review. It was observed and analysis that variation of emotions is more in adolescents than children but need to learn how to regulate and manage their emotions effectively. Hence, emotional regulation skills need to be developed among adolescents. Further researches are recommended in the field of emotional intelligence identifying the Emotional Quotient of adolescents and factors affecting it. Major factors indicated in most of the studies are personality, lifestyle, environmental factors, digital world, social and parental style. In this competitive world adolescent may have good Intelligent Quotient but lack in Emotional Quotient. The article suggests that there is strong need to enhance the emotional quotient of young people and work on the factors affecting it.

The influence of physical activity, interpersonal intelligence, emotional intelligence on physical education academic achievement of elementary school students

Background and Study Aim. Physical Education not only develops physical aspects but also critical thinking, reasoning skills, and affective aspects, including social skills and personal traits like caring and cooperation. The study aims to examine the effect of physical activity, interpersonal intelligence, and emotional intelligence on the academic achievement of Physical Education Elementary School Students. Materials and Methods. The research uses a quantitative, correlational approach. The study population consisted of 102 elementary school students aged 9-12 years (54 males, 48 females). The physical activity instrument used was the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C). The interpersonal intelligence instrument was adapted from the Anderson Social Insight, Social Sensitivity, and Social Communication dimensions. The emotional intelligence instrument was the “Emotional Quotient Inventory: Young Version (EQ-i: YV). The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 21 software. The level of statistical significance was set at p-value &lt;0.05. Results. The results showed that: (1) physical activity has a significant effect on the physical education academic achievement of elementary school students (p-value 0.006 &lt;0.05). (2) Interpersonal intelligence has a significant effect on the academic achievement of physical education elementary school students, (p-value 0.000 &lt;0.05). (3) Emotional Intelligence has a significant effect on physical education academic achievement of elementary school students, (p-value 0.005 &lt; 0.05). Conclusions. In particular, learners who exercise show greater intrapersonal and emotional intelligence, adaptability, and mood compared to those who do not exercise in an organized way. Physical education teachers are expected to assign physical activities for students to complete at home under parental supervision, with the results reported to the teacher for an additional assignment grade.

The Effect of 5Q Parental Education on Children's Emotion through Healing of Inner Child among Parents

The research aim of this study is to understand the relationship between parental emotional well-being and child outcome. This study delves into the profound impact of 5Q parental education on children's emotional well-being through the intricate process of healing the inner child among parents. The 5Q framework, encompassing Intelligence Quotient (IQ), Emotional Quotient (EQ), Adversity Quotient (AQ), Social Quotient (SQ), and the innovative "You Quotient" (UQ), serves as the cornerstone of this transformative educational program. By intertwining principles of personal growth, self-awareness, and effective communication, the 5Q approach aims to empower parents to navigate the complex landscape of parenthood with confidence and competence. Central to this study is the concept of the inner child, deeply rooted in psychological theory, which symbolizes unresolved emotions and experiences from childhood that continue to influence adult behaviours and familial dynamics. Through a qualitative research methodology, this study rigorously examines the experiences of a diverse sample of 100 participants engaged in a comprehensive 6-month 5Q parental education program. Results from the qualitative analysis revealed a profound impact of the 5Q parental education program on participants' emotional well-being and parenting practices. An overwhelming majority of 82 out of 100 participants reported significant enhancements in their emotional intelligence (EQ) following the healing of their inner child. This transformation was characterized by heightened self-awareness, improved emotional regulation, improved parenting skills and strategies, strengthened parent-child relationship that foster suitability relationship. This study underscores the transformative potential of 5Q parental education in fostering nurturing family environments conducive to holistic child development. The understanding of the relationship between parental emotional well-being and child outcome is emphasized. By addressing the emotional needs of parents and facilitating the healing of their inner child, this program not only empowers individuals but also lays the foundation for resilient, empathetic, and emotionally intelligent generations to come, laying the foundation for their optimal development.

Effect of Creativity on Emotional Intelligence, Self-Esteem and Resilience in Visual Arts and Engineering Students

This research looks into the complex interactions between creativity, emotional intelligence, resilience, and self-esteem, focusing on two distinct student groups: arts and engineering. Understanding the impact of creativity on these vital attributes becomes increasingly important as social needs grow, embracing both technological knowledge and emotional intelligence, resilience, and self-esteem. The study investigates the link between creativity and emotional intelligence, resilience, and self-esteem, offering light on how academic fields influence these vital characteristics. Purposive sampling was used in the research to sample 106 people from different colleges in North India. Self-report questionnaires such as the Emotional Quotient Test, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Nicholson McBride Resilience Questionnaire, and KDOCS 20 for creativity were used in the data collection process. With Jamovi, statistical studies such as regression, correlation, and t-tests were carried out. According to the findings, self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and resilience significantly correlate with creativity. Notably, students studying engineering and the arts showed different approaches to the scientific aspect of creativity. The scientific dimension was a significant predictor by regression analysis, indicating that it had a distinct impact on both student groups. Prioritizing ethical issues included obtaining participants' informed consent, managing data securely, and respecting participant autonomy.

Exploring Emotional Control and Emotional Fortitude among Preclinical Undergraduate Medical Students: A Qualitative Study

Background: Although emotional intelligence is essential for medical students to succeed in their careers, it is overlooked in medical education. Objective: To explore the emotional control and emotional fortitude among preclinical undergraduate medical students. Methods: A qualitative exploratory study following constructivist approach was conducted from May-June 2023. The University Sains Malaysia Emotional Quotient Inventory Manual helped in constructing a semi-structured Google questionnaire to explore emotional control and emotional fortitude from second year medical students. Initially an inductive content analysis was utilized followed by thematic analysis approach provided by Braun and Clark to final themes. Results: Every student has a different way of regulating emotions. One of the participants said that his disruptive emotions are controlled by remembering Allah while the other disclosed that he just explodes in anger. A student said that she detaches herself from the closed ones when she is facing stressful situation whereas the other told that she likes to talk to loved ones. Most of the study participants were found mature enough to accept and learn from their mistakes, improve and progress in life. They were able to resolve tense situations and handle difficult people through grey rocking technique, empathy, and distancing from them. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of developing emotional intelligence in undergraduate medical students. Although emotional intelligence is essential for medical students to succeed in their careers, it is overlooked in medical education. We can help students to become more effective and compassionate physicians by incorporating emotional intelligence training into medical school curricula.

Examining the impact of emotional intelligence and attachment style on loneliness Alisha Azad Maldar * and Monalisa Nayak

Background: Loneliness is a prevalent psychological phenomenon with significant implications for mental health and well-being. Attachment theory posits that early attachment experiences shape individuals' interpersonal relationships and emotional experiences throughout life, potentially influencing susceptibility to loneliness. However, the relationship between attachment styles and loneliness remains underexplored, particularly in the context of diverse populations. Additionally, emotional quotient (EQ), which encompasses the ability to perceive, understand, regulate, and utilize emotions effectively, may play a crucial role in mitigating loneliness by facilitating adaptive coping strategies and fostering meaningful social connections. Methods: This quantitative study examined the relationship between attachment styles and loneliness among 103 participants. Attachment styles were assessed using Revised Adult Attachment Scale, emotional quotient using Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale, while loneliness was measured using UCLA Loneliness Scale. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to assess differences in loneliness scores across attachment styles, followed by post-hoc comparisons to elucidate specific patterns. Pearson’s correlation was used to find the correlation between emotional quotient and loneliness. Results: The results revealed a significant difference in loneliness scores across attachment styles (F =8.644, p &lt; 0.001). Post-hoc comparisons indicated that individuals with secure attachment styles reported significantly lower levels of loneliness compared to those with dismissive, preoccupied, and fearful attachment styles. Specifically, individuals with secure attachment styles reported a mean loneliness score of 17 (SD = 16), while those with dismissive attachment styles reported the highest mean loneliness score of 35 (SD = 12). There is a statistically significant correlation between Loneliness and Emotional Quotient with p value 0.001 at 5% level of significance. The r value is -0.486 which means that there is negative moderate correlation. Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of considering attachment styles and emotional quotient in understanding individuals' experiences of loneliness. Individuals with secure attachment styles appear to be less vulnerable to loneliness, while those with insecure attachment styles are more likely to experience higher levels of loneliness. There is negative moderate correlation between emotional quotient and loneliness, i.e., as the emotional quotient increases, loneliness decreases. Future research may explore the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted interventions aimed at promoting secure attachment and improving emotional quotient to reduce loneliness among vulnerable populations.

Analysis of the relationship between emotional quotient and physical activities on fundamental motor skills of elementary school

The significance of emotional quotients (EQ) and physical activities in developing fundamental motor skills in elementary school students was the primary reason for this study. This study analyzes the relationship between EQ and physical activities with fundamental motor skills among elementary school students aged 7-9. The research method employed observational analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of students from Kurma Islamic Elementary School in Salatiga, with a sample of 80 students aged 7-9. Data were collected through questionnaires (EQ), PAQ-C, and performance-based motor skills assessment rubric. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation and linear regression tests. The results showed a significant relationship between EQ and fundamental motor skills. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between physical activities and fundamental motor skills. Regression analysis indicated that EQ and physical activities significantly influenced fundamental motor skills simultaneously. This study reveals that both EQ and physical activities significantly impact fundamental motor skills in elementary school students. The implications of the findings underscore the significance of integrating holistic education programs, incorporating EQ development, and promoting physical activity to support overall motor development and well-being in children.

Social Media Addiction and Emotional Intelligence in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder.

The relationship between depression and severity of social media addiction is likely to be bidirectional. Nevertheless, current studies have addressed the depression score utilizing a scale in the general population instead of assessing this relationship in patients with major depressive disorder. Despite the fact that the negative relationship of social media addiction with emotional intelligence is acknowledged, the existence of this relationship in major depressive disorder has not been investigated yet. Hence, the objective of our study is to evaluate severity of social media addiction and emotional intelligence in major depressive disorder. This research was performed with 158 participants between the ages of 18 and 56 in Kars Harakani State Hospital Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic. Sociodemographic data form involving the age, gender, marital status, education level and employment status of the participants, Beck Depression Inventory, Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory, and Social Media Addiction Scale were implemented to the participants. Creating the group to be none-less addicted and medium-highly addicted with regard to the social media addiction scale score, it was observed that the emotional intelligence of the medium-highly addicted group was significantly lower, and the depression score was higher (P < .001). Furthermore, the severity of social media addiction had a positive relationship with the depression score and a negative relationship with the emotional intelligence score (r = 0.353, P < .001; r = -0.376, P < .001). Emotional intelligence in major depressive disorder is associated with both depression level and severity of social media addiction. Interventions, i.e., emotional intelligence skill training, might be practical for the aforementioned patients.

The predicting factors of chronic pain among nursing students: a national study in Iran

BackgroundNursing students are faced with a variety of challenges that demand effective cognitive and emotional resources. The physical and psychological well-being of the students plays a key part in the public health of the community. Despite the special lifestyle of nursing students, few studies have addressed chronic pain in this population. Accordingly, the present study aims to identify the predictors of chronic pain among nursing students.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,719 nursing students aged 18–42 years, between February and November 2019. Sampling was carried out in several stages. Data were collected using seven instruments, namely a demographics survey, the characteristics of chronic pain form, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Bar-on Emotional Quotient Inventory, Academic Satisfaction Scale, and Procidano and Heller Social Support Scale. Descriptive statistics, multinomial logistic regression, and regression models were used to describe the characteristics of the pain and its predictive factors.ResultsThe average age of the participants was 22.4 ± 2.96 years. The results of univariate analysis showed that gender (P = 0.506), mother’s education (P = 0.056, P = 0.278, P = 0.278), father’s education (P = 0.817, P = 0.597, P = 0.41), place of residence (P = 0.215), depression (P = 0.501), grade point average (P = 0.488), academic satisfaction (P = 0.183) and chronic pain weren’t significantly correlated with chronic pain in nursing students. The results of the multiple logistic regression models showed that chronic pain was positively correlated with age, social support, state anxiety, and trait anxiety (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02–1.12; OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93–0.97; OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05; and OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 0.95–1.99; respectively).ConclusionThe prevalence of chronic pain was relatively high in these students. In addition, age, social support, and anxiety could be important factors in the development or persistence of chronic pain in nursing students. The results also provided basic and essential information about the contributing factors in this area. However, consideration of factors such as referral for treatment, home medications for pain relief, and outcomes of chronic pain are suggested in future longitudinal studies.

Analysis of the Implication of Factors Affecting Gen Z E-Commerce Users’ Financial Management Behavior

This study aims to examine the factors that can influence financial management behavior of Gen Z in Surabaya. This study used quantitative methods and was sourced from primary data obtained from 300 respondents. The characteristics of respondents include part of Gen Z aged 19-26 years, using fintech, and using e-commerce. Then the data is processed using AMOS 25 software with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques. The resulting findings show that financial attitude, emotional quotient, and financial technology have a significant positive effect. This is because a good financial attitude will shape good financial behavior such as maintaining savings habits as well as recording expenses regularly. Apart from having a good view of finances, someone who has high emotional intelligence will easily manage money and motivate themselves to achieve financial prosperity in the future. Not only internal factors, technological modernization such as fintech will also make it easier to process transactions, record expenses and pay bills on time. While hedonism lifestyle and love of money show a significant negative effect. This is because someone who has a hedon lifestyle will more often waste money on consumption so their money management will be bad. In addition, someone who has a high love for money will result to greed and materialistic behavior. However, the gender variable produced findings of an insignificant influence on financial management behavior.

The Influence of Gifted Children's Stress Management on Parental Stress Levels.

This study explores the associations between gifted children's stress management and parental stress level. A sample of 78 primary school children and their 76 parents took part in this study. Children were screened for intelligence and emotional quotients, while parents were tested for stress levels. Results show that the more children are aware of their stress-management skills, the less parents are stressed out. Moreover, the intelligence quotient is not significant in mediating this association, supporting the idea that it is not an a priori protective factor from a developmental perspective. The study findings suggest that when a child is equipped with the skills to handle stress by harnessing their emotional intelligence, it can have a beneficial effect on the entire family's well-being. Given that these skills can be developed, and the significant positive influence they have on a child's growth and adaptation, it is essential to offer specialized educational programs to gifted children. These programs should aim to enhance their emotional skills, which, in turn, can indirectly bolster the psychological health of the family unit as a whole.