Emission Region Research Articles

Government Environmental Expenditure, Budget Management, and Regional Carbon Emissions: Provincial Panel Data from China

To explore the impact of government fiscal intervention on regional carbon emissions, this paper employs a two-way fixed-effects model to analyze data from 30 provinces in China, spanning the period from 2008 to 2017. This study investigates the effects of local government environmental expenditure and government budget on the per capita volume, intensity, and performance of regional carbon emissions. The results show that government environmental expenditure is beneficial to reducing regional carbon emissions and improving regional carbon emission performance. Second, the smaller the deviation between the government budget and final accounts, the more conducive it is to reducing carbon emissions. Third, we found that government environmental expenditure has the strongest inhibitory effect on regional carbon emissions in the eastern region, followed by the central region, and the weakest in the western region. Finally, government financial transparency positively moderates the inhibitory effect of government budget management on regional carbon emissions, that is, when fiscal transparency is high, the amplification effect of budget deviation on regional carbon emissions is weakened.

Wet-chemical synthesis of ‘snow stone’ chiolite Na5Al3F14:Ce3+,Gd3+ UVB emitting phosphors

Synthesis and characterization of Ultraviolet B (UVB) emitting phosphors based on hitherto unexplored Na5Al3F14 host activated with Ce3+ and/or Gd3+ are presented. These phosphors were easily synthesized by wet chemical process while the conventional solid-state procedures are known to fail in producing phase pure composition. Powder XRD confirms tetragonal structure with P 4/m n c space group. Both Ce3+ and Gd3+ yielded intense UVB emission. Further, Gd3+ emission was enhanced by Ce3+→Gd3+ energy transfer. Ease of synthesis, efficient emission in a narrow spectral region, broad excitation bands render Na5Al3F14 :Ce3+ , Gd3+ phosphors as promising materials for designing UVB light sources.

Sodium yttrium fluoride doped with Er3+ ions for thermally and non-thermally coupled nano-thermometry and IR detection applications

Microwave-assisted combustion synthesis approach was adopted to prepare sodium yttrium fluoride doped with erbium (NaYF4: Er3+) nanoparticles. Powder x-ray diffraction study confirmed the formation of mixed phase of NaY1-xF4: xEr3+ (x = 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 mol%) sample with cubic and hexagonal phases (predominant). Three characteristic emission peaks appearing at 526, 546 and 670 nm were attributed to the transitions 2H11/2, 4S3/2 and 4F9/2 to 4I15/2 respectively which are characteristic emissions of Er3+ ions when excited with 980 nm radiation. The optimal dopant concentration was determined as 7 mol% of Er3+ ions in yellowish-green region, and the asymmetric ratio was also calculated. The synthesized up-converting sample follows two-photon process for excitation which was confirmed by power law by varying pump-power in the range of 49–143 mW. The thermally and non-thermally coupled levels attributed to the transitions (2H11/2 and 4S3/2), (2H11/2 and 4F9/2) of Er3+ ions were employed to study the temperature sensing which was recorded in 300–550 K and the relative sensitivities were evaluated to be 0.92 and 0.58 %K−1 correspondingly. The significant thermal sensitivity of the synthesized phosphor materials promises its possibility in optical thermometry applications. The synthesized sample when excited with 980 nm laser radiation produced emission in the visible region which facilitates the utilization of sample as infrared (IR) detector. In the purview of solid-state lighting, the luminous efficiency and luminous efficacy of radiation were evaluated as 23.57 % and 161 lm/Wop respectively. The optical thermometry, IR detection and light generation capabilities of the hexagonal-phased sodium yttrium fluoride doped with erbium (NYF:Er) ions are demonstrated with the obtained results.

Simultaneous Spectropolarimetric Observations in the Hα and Ca ii 8662 Å Lines of an Active Region

We present spectropolarimetric observations of an active region recorded simultaneously in the Hα and the Ca ii 8662 Å lines. The sunspot exhibits multiple structures, including a light bridge and a region where the Ca ii 8662 Å line core is in emission. Correspondingly, the Hα line core image displays brightening in the emission region, with the spectral profiles showing elevated line cores. The stratification of the line-of-sight magnetic field is inferred through nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium multiline inversions of the Ca ii 8662 Å line and the weak field approximation (WFA) over the Hα line. The field strength inferred from the Hα line core is consistently smaller than that inferred from inversions at logτ500 = −4.5. However, the study finds no correlation between the WFA over the core of the Hα line and that inferred from inversions at logτ500 = −4.5. In regions exhibiting emission features, the morphology of the magnetic field at logτ500 = −4.5 resembles that at logτ500 = −1, with slightly higher or comparable field strengths. The magnetic field morphology inferred from the core of the Hα line is also similar to that inferred from the full spectral range of the Hα line in the emission region. The field strength inferred in the light bridge at logτ500 = −1 is smaller than the surrounding umbral regions and comparable at logτ500 = −4.5. Similarly, the field strength inferred in the light bridge from the WFA over the Hα line appears lower compared to the surrounding umbral regions.

Credible calculation method for regional corrected carbon emission factors taking into account the nearby consumption of renewable energy

Abstract The carbon emission factor of the power grid is a key data indicator for measuring the carbon emission level on the user side. Currently, the carbon emission factor of the power grid is not sufficient to accurately express the regional carbon emission level, and especially cannot accurately reflect the regional new energy consumption level, which affects user confidence in emission reduction and the accuracy of carbon emission quota issuance. Therefore, this article utilizes blockchain technology and carbon emission flow theory to realize the impact of user-side self-generated and self-used photovoltaics (PV) on carbon emission factors. We have constructed a residual power grid correction model, designed a blockchain intelligent terminal module and functional requirements, ensured the correctness of the model and results from the source, solved the problem of data tampering and insufficient data credibility generated by terminal devices at the source, and ultimately helped achieve the dual carbon goal.

Non-thermal radio emission in Sakurai's Object

The very late thermal pulse (VLTP) affects the evolution of sim 20<!PCT!> of 1--8\,$ M_ stars, repeating the last red giant phases within a few years and leading to the formation of a new, but hydrogen-poor, nebula within the old planetary nebula. The strong dust formation in the latter obscures the optical and near-infrared radiation of the star. We aimed to determine the reheating timescale of the central star in Sakurai's Object, which is an important constraint for the poorly understood VLTP evolution. We observed the radio continuum emission of Sakurai's Object for almost 20 years, from 2004 to 2023. Continuous, multi-frequency observations proved to be essential for distinguishing between phases dominated by photoionization and shock ionization. The flux density fluctuates by more than a factor of 40 within months to years. The spectral index remained negative between 2006 and 2017 and has been close to zero since 2019. The emission region has been only barely resolved since 2021. Non-thermal radio emission observed from 2004 to 2017 traces shocks induced by wind interactions due to discrete mass-loss events. Thermal emission dominates from 2019 to 2023 and may indicate photoionization of the nebula by the central star.

Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Budgets of Europe: Trends, Interannual and Spatial Variability, and Their Drivers

AbstractIn the framework of the RECCAP2 initiative, we present the greenhouse gas (GHG) and carbon (C) budget of Europe. For the decade of the 2010s, we present a bottom‐up (BU) estimate of GHG net‐emissions of 3.9 Pg CO2‐eq. yr−1 (using a global warming potential on a 100 years horizon), which are largely dominated by fossil fuel emissions. In this decade, terrestrial ecosystems acted as a net GHG sink of 0.9 Pg CO2‐eq. yr−1, dominated by a CO2 sink that was partially counterbalanced by net emissions of CH4 and N2O. For CH4 and N2O, we find good agreement between BU and top‐down (TD) estimates from atmospheric inversions. However, our BU land CO2 sink is significantly higher than the TD estimates. We further show that decadal averages of GHG net‐emissions have declined by 1.2 Pg CO2‐eq. yr−1 since the 1990s, mainly due to a reduction in fossil fuel emissions. In addition, based on both data driven BU and TD estimates, we also find that the land CO2 sink has weakened over the past two decades. A large part of the European CO2 and C sinks is located in Northern Europe. At the same time, we find a decreasing trend in sink strength in Scandinavia, which can be attributed to an increase in forest management intensity. These are partly offset by increasing CO2 sinks in parts of Eastern Europe and Northern Spain, attributed in part to land use change. Extensive regions of high CH4 and N2O emissions are mainly attributed to agricultural activities and are found in Belgium, the Netherlands and the southern UK. We further analyzed interannual variability in the GHG budgets. The drought year of 2003 shows the highest net‐emissions of CO2 and of all GHGs combined.

A real-time estimation method of carbon emission for cement corporations based on load identification

Abstract Accurate carbon emission estimation is the basis for assessing the carbon emissions of various regions and industries and formulating reasonable and feasible emission reduction programs. This paper presents a generalized real-time corporate carbon footprint measurement method. The total carbon emissions are categorized into direct emissions and indirect emissions. For the former, a load identification method based on CNN-BLSTM is proposed to monitor the state of the devices, and the carbon emissions are directly calculated in combination with the carbon emission intensity of the devices; for the latter, accurate estimation of carbon emissions is achieved through the application of marginal carbon emission factor. By utilizing this analytical model, the estimated carbon emissions are more accurate than those of other methods, which can better grasp the carbon emissions of enterprises and promote energy saving and emission reduction.

Metal ions steer the duality in microbial community recovery from nitrogen enrichment by shaping functional groups.

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has been substantially reduced due to declines in the reactive N emission in major regions of the world. Nevertheless, the impact of reduced N deposition on soil microbial communities and the mechanisms by which they are regulated remain largely unknown. Here, we examined the effects of N addition and cessation of N addition on plant and soil microbial communities through a 17-year field experiment in a temperate grassland. We found that extreme N input did not irreversibly disrupt the ecosystem, but ceasing high levels of N addition led to greater resilience in bacterial and fungal communities. Fungi exhibited diminished resilience compared to bacteria due to their heightened reliance on changes in plant communities. Neither bacterial nor fungal diversity fully recovered to their original states. Their sensitivity and resilience were mainly steered by toxic metal ions and soil pH differentially regulating on functional taxa. Specifically, beneficial symbiotic microbes such as N-fixing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi experienced detrimental effects from toxic metal ions and lower pH, hindering their recovery. The bacterial functional groups involved in carbon decomposition, and ericoid mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi were positively influenced by soil metals, and demonstrated gradual recovery. These findings could advance our mechanistic understanding of microbial community dynamics under ongoing global changes, thereby informing management strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of N enrichment on soil function.

WITHDRAWN: Short-term Load Forecasting Method Based on LSTM Optimized by the Hybrid Dung Bettle Optimization Algorithm

Forecasting electricity load is a crucial responsibility for the power system. Precise short-term power load forecasting (STLF) is a valuable tool for regional production planning, energy conservation, emission reduction, and grid coordination and dispatch. This study suggests a model for STLF that makes use of an optimized Long and Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network through the Hybrid Dung Beetle Optimization algorithm (HDBO-LSTM). Firstly, the Hybrid Dung Beetle Optimization (HDBO) algorithm is used to optimize the LSTM network's hyperparameters to address the problem that the LSTM network's random hyperparameter selection will materially influence the accuracy of load forecasting. Secondly, to address the problems that the original Dung Beetle Optimization (DBO) algorithm has poor global exploration ability and is easy to falls into local optimization, multiple improvement strategies are proposed to enhance the DBO algorithm, and the HDBO algorithm, which has a stronger searching ability and faster convergence speed, is proposed. By comparing with several algorithms on 10 benchmark functions, HDBO shows better search performance. Finally, the HDBO-LSTM load forecasting model is developed and evaluated using the Electrotechnical Mathematical Modeling Competition's power load dataset. The outcomes show that HDBO-LSTM outperforms the other comparison models in terms of accuracy and predicting efficacy.

Research on optimization strategy of grid carbon emission factor for promoting electricity-carbon market coupling

Abstract The grid emission factor is an essential parameter for accounting for carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption, and its update frequency and spatial accuracy affect the quality of the emission factor. Based on the existing regional grid emission factors, this study proposes an improved calculation method to get the revised emission factors. The revised emission factors can address barriers such as delayed updating, inequitable accounting between regions, and double measurement of green power emission reduction benefits. Therefore, the study can support the construction of the carbon market and the realization of carbon neutrality goals.

Effect of water Resource utilization in Poyang lake area on carbon emissions based on decoupling theory

The utilization of regional water resources has the potential to impact carbon emissions. Maintaining a decoupled relationship between water resources and carbon emissions facilitates harmonious regional development. Understanding the mechanism of their coordination is conducive to achieving the "Double Carbon" goal and control of regional carbon emissions and water resource consumption. This study examines the decoupling relationship between water resource utilization and carbon emissions in Poyang Lake area, China, employing the Tapio decoupling model and the LMDI(logarithmic mean divisia index) decomposition model. The results indicate that carbon emissions in Poyang Lake area exhibited a gradual increase, accompanied by an annual growth rate of 5.99 %. The water supply exhibited a slow expansion. They have exhibited state of affairs strong negative decoupling and expansive negative decoupling over the past 15 years. Moreover, this situation is most acute and worsening in the secondary industry. The water use structure effect and water economic benefit effect are the primary factors affecting carbon emission increases, contributing 57.93 % and 65.66 %, respectively. Carbon emissions intensity is the largest inhibiting factor, which accounts for a maximum contribution of 42.96 %. The order of potency of the driving factors is as follows: water economic benefit > carbon emission intensity > water use structure > water use efficiency. In summary, this research recognised the enhancement of the water economic efficiency index not only facilitates the decoupling phenomenon but also improves the water-carbon relationship, especially in the secondary industry. It serves as a compelling illustration of the significance of elucidating the interrelationship between regional water and carbon dynamics, and charting the course for the formulation of regional policies that would facilitate the advancement of environmentally conscious and carbon-neutral development, as well as water conservation.

Ionized gas in quiescent galaxies: Temperature measurement and constraint on the ionization source

In non-star-forming, passively evolving galaxies, regions with emission lines dominated by low-ionization species are classified as low-ionization emission regions (LIERs). The ionization mechanism behind such regions has long been a mystery. Active galactic nuclei (AGNs), which were once believed to be the source, have been found not to be the dominant mechanism, especially in regions distant from the galaxy nuclei. The remaining candidates, photoionization by post-asymptotic giant branch (pAGB) stars and interstellar shocks can only be distinguished with in-depth analysis. As the temperature predictions of these two models differ, temperature measurements can provide strong constraints on this puzzle. We selected a sample of 2795 quiescent red-sequence galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey. We divided the sample spectra into three groups based on the flux ratio, and utilized stacking techniques to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the observed spectra. We determined the temperature of and through their temperature-sensitive emission line ratios. Subsequently, we compared the measured temperatures with predictions from different models. The results demonstrate consistency with the interstellar shock model with pre-shock density n = 1 $ and solar metallicity, thus supporting shocks as the dominant ionization source of LIERs. Additionally, we also find that the interstellar dust extinction value measured through the Balmer decrement appears to be larger than that implied by the forbidden line ratios of low-ionization lines.

COVID-19 lockdown impact on air quality and associated health benefit in two contrasting urban cities in Eastern Indo Gangetic Plain

A key challenge in controlling deteriorating urban air quality is a lack of clear understanding of the regional emissions characteristics and their impact on human health. COVID-19 lockdown provided an opportunity to enhance understanding of background air quality. Towards this, we studied the effect of the lockdown on air pollutants level and associated health benefits in two contrasting urban cities of Eastern IGP, Asansol (industrial) and Kolkata (metropolitan), by analyzing data from 2019 to 2021. The outcomes revealed that the level of exceedance of air pollutants is usually higher in Asansol but significantly decreased in both cities during the lockdown period. Particle concentrations were reduced by 50–70 % compared to Pre-Lockdown and by 20–35 % against the same period in 2019. Kolkata witnessed a higher reduction in PM levels than Asansol. Diurnal variation comparison showed a higher reduction of particle levels during lockdown in the morning at Asansol while in the evening at Kolkata. The health benefits associated with the reduction in PM2.5 concentration were quantified using the BenMAP-CE model, which revealed that improving air quality, like during the lockdown period, would save annually 0.46 and 2.91 deaths per 100,000 persons in Asansol and Kolkata, respectively. Altogether, this study's outcomes provide essential insights to policymakers for regional factors associated to varying air quality and health benefits associated to improvement in air quality.

The degree of population aging and carbon emissions: Analysis of mediation effect and multi-scenario simulation

The continuous deepening of aging has posed new challenges for global sustainable development. Measuring the impact of population aging on carbon emissions is crucial for the next stage of climate governance. However, the structural changes in social production and consumption make it difficult to evaluate the impact effects. Therefore, this study constructed a bidirectional fixed Space Durbin Model to explore the mediating pathway of aging's impact on carbon emissions. Furthermore, we have established high-precision prediction models to simulate the evolution trajectory of carbon emissions under multi-factor driving scenarios. The main findings are as follows: (1) The process of carbon emission reduction due to population aging has significant energy hindrance effect and industrial structure effect, while the process of carbon growth is constrained by the consumption enhancement effect, technology progress effect and labor participation effect. (2) The moderating effects of energy consumption and technological innovation on carbon emissions under the aging process are 10.74% and 10.24%, respectively, while the moderating effects of industrial structure and labor force participation are relatively weak. (3) The goodness of fit of the MNGM-ARIMA and MNGM-BPNN models is over 97%. Carbon emissions in the high aging regions show a decreasing trend in all scenarios except the energy consumption-driven scenario, while in the medium and low aging regions decrease slowly only in the R&D- and labor supply-driven scenarios. This study advocates developing heterogeneous emission reduction measures based on the degree of aging, accelerating supply side upgrading, and increasing the proportion of green consumption.

Evaluation of WRF-Chem PM2.5 simulations in Thailand with different anthropogenic and biomass-burning emissions

Thailand experiences severe air quality issues, predominantly due to PM2.5 pollution that surpasses WHO guidelines. The main sources are attributed to energy production, industrial activities, vehicular emissions, agricultural burning, and transboundary transport of pollutants. Understanding the transport and transformation of these pollutants is necessary for addressing air quality issues. The Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) provides information about meteorology, chemical reactions, and transport of trace gases and aerosols. The accuracy of WRF-Chem simulations greatly depends on the choice of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions inventories. This study provides a detailed evaluation of these inventories to model PM2.5 concentrations in Thailand during both haze and off-haze seasons in 2019. We evaluated WRF-Chem using four anthropogenic emission inventories—CAMS-GLOB-ANT, ECLIPSE, HTAP, and REAS—and four biomass burning emissions inventories—FINN1.5, FINN2.5 MOD, FINN2.5 MODVAR, and QFED—using data from ground-based air quality stations, MODIS AOD, and MOPITT CO satellite data. Our findings suggest CAMS-GLOB-ANT performs optimally for North Thailand, while HTAP and REAS are more effective in Eastern Thailand. For biomass burning, FINN1.5 shows superior performance. The study also highlights the challenge in capturing PM2.5 diurnal variability, particularly due to inaccuracies in simulating the planetary boundary layer height during nighttime in complex terrains. Moreover, our analysis exhibits moderate model performances during the off-haze season while using global and regional anthropogenic emissions in Thailand, emphasizing the need for improving anthropogenic inventories for reliable air quality prediction. For biomass burning emissions, updating emission factors to reflect Thailand's specific vegetation types is recommended to improve WRF-Chem's representation of PM2.5 levels.

Toward Ultra-High Sensitivity Optical Thermometers and Bright Yellow LEDs Based on Phonon-Assisted Energy Transfer in Rare Earth-Doped La2ZnTiO6 Double Perovskite.

Double perovskites, a class of ceramic oxides with unique crystal structures and diverse physical properties, show promise for various technological applications including solar cells, photodetectors, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Despite limited research on rare earth-doped double perovskites, leveraging their ultrahigh luminous efficiency to achieve bright yellow LED emission and addressing energy transfer challenges between Yb3+ and Nd3+ ions in double perovskite La2ZnTiO6 with moderate phonon energy are explored in this work. Through phonon-assisted energy transfer, an ultrasensitive optical thermometer covering a wide temperature range is developed by utilizing the different temperature responses of Er3+ emission in the visible light region and Nd3+ emission in the near-infrared region based on the luminescence intensity ratio (LIR). All the results demonstrate that the rare earth (Yb-Er, Yb-Nd, and Yb-Nd-Er)-doped La2ZnTiO6 phosphors can be effectively utilized for ultrabright LED illumination and ultrahigh sensitivity self-calibrated temperature sensing. This research underscores the significance of phonon-assisted energy transfer in improving material properties and provides valuable insights for the advancement of multifunctional materials.

Dynamic Calculation Method for Zonal Carbon Emissions in Power Systems Based on the Theory of Production Simulation and Carbon Emission Flow Theory

Power systems are the main source of carbon emissions. Currently, coordinated operation strategies of the source–grid–load–storage model considering carbon emissions is primarily expanded from the generation side. For practical power systems, where multiple types of generating units coexist at a single node, it is difficult to develop unit combination strategies that simultaneously consider carbon emission factors and power flow constraints. Therefore, a new power flow calculation method based on connectivity matrix theory was proposed, aiming to address the issues of existing approaches that are too coarse and unable to accurately represent the operating states of multiple units under each node. Furthermore, a new method for dynamic calculation of regional carbon emission based on connectivity matrix and carbon emissions flow was introduced to improve the accuracy of carbon emission measurements. Firstly, a simulation model for a coordinated optimization operation based on the minimum system cost for the source–grid–load was established and an optimal flow calculation method using a connectivity matrix was introduced. Second, a dynamic carbon emission calculation method, considering electricity sources, was developed by combining the results of the optimal power flow calculation with carbon emission flow theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the approach in this article was verified by the IEEE 14-bus system example and a provincial power grid, ensuring strict adherence to the conservation principle of carbon emissions between the supply and demand sides and satisfying power flow constraints.

An unusual CAr^CNHC- and bidentate NAr^CNHC-cyclometalated Re(I)-NHC complexes with quinoline-functionalized ligands: Syntheses, structures, and blue-luminescent properties

An unusual CAr^CNHC-cyclometalated rhenium(I) tetracarbonyl complexes fac- (CAr^CNHC)Re(CO)4 (13) (the first report) and six NAr^CNHC-cyclometalated rhenium(I) tricarbonyl iodide/chloride complexes with quinoline-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC), fac-Re(CO)3(LNHC)I / fac-Re(CO)3(LNHC)Cl (LNHC = 1-(quinolin-8-yl)-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylidene (4, 10); 1-(quinolin-8-yl)-4-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazoline-5-ylidene (5, 11); 1-(quinolin-8-yl)-3-benzyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylidene (6, 12) have been synthesized under controllable reaction conditions and characterized by their 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI–MS, IR spectra, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. X-ray crystallography revealed that the Re(I)-NHC complex 13 is a rare five-member bidentate CAr^CNHC-cyclometalated structure containing the coplanar system of quinoline and imidazole ring with a dihedral angle of 7.6°. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations also indicated that the blue shift of 50 nm for the MLCT absorption band of 13 is in good agreement with the coplanar five-member cyclometalated structure and the Re(I)-NHC complex 10 is a thermodynamic product. Seven Re(I)-NHC complexes exhibit photoluminescence emission in the blue region (410–470 nm) with relatively short decay lifetime on the nanosecond time scale, and high quantum yields of the Re(I)-NHC complexes 5 (Φ = 0.558) and 6 (Φ = 0.629) based-triazole were calculated by using [Ru(bpy)3](PF6)2 in degassed acetonitrile solution (Φstd = 0.062) as standard, due to the coordination of quinoline rings, NHC ligands to Re(I) center.

From traffic jams to roadblocks: The outer regions of TW Hya with ALMA Band 8

Current ALMA surveys often underestimate protoplanetary disk sizes as many disks have extended low surface-brightness regions that fall below ALMA's detection limits. To effectively capture faint millimeter continuum emission in these outer regions, increased sensitivity is required. In order to gain insights on the connection between disk structure and planet formation, we aim to uncover continuum emission in the outer regions of the disk around TW Hya. Additionally, we aim to investigate the evolution of this disk by studying its dust properties. We present Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of TW Hya at 0.65 mm with sim 0.5 arcsecond angular resolution, together with high angular resolution archival observations at 0.87 mm, 1.3 mm, 2.1 mm and 3.1 mm. We constrain the outer disk emission with both image-plane retrieval, and visibility-plane modeling with non-parametric and parametric fitting tools. Our results confirm emission in the outer disk regions of TW Hya (60 au leq R leq 110 au) at 0.65 mm, 0.87 mm and 1.3 mm. With image-plane retrieval we resolve the new continuum gap and ring, namely D79 and B86, at 0.87 mm and 1.3 mm. With visibility-plane modeling we also detect this substructure at 0.65 mm in the form of a quasi-constant emission at the 1sigma level Furthermore, it has a high spectral index of 3.7, which may indicate dust grain sizes ll 1 mm. It may be a dust trap or a traffic jam, that has a flux density of sim 60 mJy and a mass (1.59 $M_ that accounts for up to 2<!PCT!> of the dust disk at 0.65 mm. We confirm the existence of a faint ring in the outer regions of TW Hya at multiple millimeter wavelengths. With visibility-plane modeling, we are able to set constrains that are 3 times better than the resolution of our Band 8 observations.