Emergency Response Training Research Articles

Penerapan Standar Keamanan pada Proses Pengelasan Industri Skala Kecil di Desa Balak Kecamatan Songgon

This article discusses safety regulations during the welding process to reduce the risk of workplace accidents, long-term health consequences, and improve the quality of finished products. The study examines various international safety regulations, practical safety measures, and incidents involving welding. An important first step in increasing employee awareness and understanding of the potential risks that may arise during the welding process is safety socialization. Risks associated with welding include exposure to UV light, hazardous gases, sparks and high temperatures, which, if not managed appropriately, can jeopardize worker health and safety. Therefore, to ensure the best possible implementation of occupational safety standards, organized teaching initiatives through outreach are required. Personal protective equipment (PPE), safe work practices, handling of dangerous goods, risk mitigation and emergency response training are examples of socialization activities. A thorough understanding of welding safety is believed to reduce the number of workplace accidents, increase output, and make the workplace safer. This community service focuses on conducting welding and work safety training for home welding workshop businesses in Balak Village, Songgon District, Banyuwangi Regency. The application of safety standards to the welding process aims to evaluate the effectiveness of welding safety socialization in improving workers' compliance with safety procedures, while providing recommendations for optimizing future training programs.

Local Community Participation Seasonal Flood Disaster in Sidoarjo Regency, East Java

Irrigation in Sidoarjo Regency Drainage System Complex area of carrier channels to irrigation of the drainage (AFVOUR) in the display of water level regulators. High water surface in the channel causes slow flow of rain water catchment to a puddle. Conditions are exacerbated by backwater in the river channel in the area near the coast when the tide, causing floods to not be directly receding. Synergy has a combination of integration of various elements (for example, stakeholders) optimizing something better, legitimacy is considered to equalize perception hoping that actions are carried out in the desired action entity, appropriate according to value norms. Case Study Case data applies certain cases are generalized. Case study data is possible to be used to explore, examine comprehensiveness of a research object. Analysis of data using atlas, The weakness of the government's supervisor handles industrial waste into the River Peraul in Sidoarjo Regency, Urban Sprawl Social Impact Urbanization in big cities, controlling urbanization Increases development using the approach to touch the needs of the community needed Village, equity, spread of village remote development, the level of participation and understanding of the community provides feedback related to the concept of handling routine flood disasters every year. Seasonal flood disaster control in Sidoarjo Regency by involving local communities is an important approach by direct supervision by local communities, counseling on good water management practices, emergency response training, community based infrastructure development, coordinating between the government, local communities, form of concrete participation Local community in Sidoarjo Regency.

Assessment of internal disaster and emergency preparedness in hospitals using the Hospital Safety Index tool

BackgroundWhile being vital infrastructure in circumstances of crisis, health and treatment facilities' equipment is at risk of destruction, and harm to healthcare structures may prevent medical services from being delivered. Enhancements could promote resilience, and assessing current facilities for internal disaster preparedness is crucial. An evaluation of three hospitals' internal emergency and disaster preparedness is presented in this paper. MethodsHospital safety and preparedness were assessed using the World Health Organization's (WHO) Second Edition of Hospital Safety Index (HSI) tool. The safety indices were determined by three modules: emergency and disaster management, non-structural, and structural. A safety rating, represented as a probability with a maximum value of one and a minimum value of zero, is determined by adding up the weighted results. Over three days, a multi-disciplinary team performed three hospital assessments through staff interviews and visual inspections. ResultsThe study hospitals' safety indices were 0.90, 0.60, and 0.73; two were classified as Classification A, meaning they will probably be able to function in emergencies and disasters, and one was classified as Classification B, meaning that short-term intervention measures would be required to ensure the hospital's proper operation in the event of an internal disaster. This study has identified areas that must be prepared for internal disasters to increase resilience. These areas include (a) infrastructure, which has weaker protection, access, and physical security due to relatively old buildings; (b) critical systems, which have emergency response committees established by hospitals and can be improved by hospital staff receiving emergency response training; and (c) non-structural issues, which include the need to improve fuel storage, cupboard safety, shelf contents, and fitting protection. ConclusionClassification A applies to hospitals 1 and 3, whereas Classification B applies to Hospital 2. The HSI tool is a user-friendly, all-inclusive instrument offered by a reputable organisation that should be frequently used to evaluate the internal preparation of different hospitals for disasters.

Heart Rate Variability Monitoring in Special Emergency Response Team Anaerobic-Based Tasks and Training

The Law enforcement profession is known to impart high stress. Members of Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) teams are allocated particularly demanding law enforcement operations and may therefore attain high fitness levels but may accumulate excessive stress. Heart rate variability (HRV), an assessment of time differences between heartbeats, likely indicates holistic load in field settings. To date, though, little research measuring HRV has been conducted involving SWAT units. The purpose of this study was to explore HRV measurements following (1) annual firearms qualification and (2) potential stress exposure with respect to completion time on an anaerobically taxing obstacle course. Officers with greater obstacle course performance were hypothesized to also exhibit greater HRV. HRV was also expected to stratify personnel more effectively than heart rate. Prospective 3-lead ECGs were obtained from a cohort of male SWAT operators (n = 15) with 5.2 ± 4.3 years of experience at three time points throughout one training day. HRV was assessed by time, frequency, and non-linear domains. Differences between baseline and post-training values were significant as assessed by the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test for heart rate, SDRR, LF, HF, and SD2. An enter-method linear regression model predicted post-training HF HRV by obstacle course time; r2 = 0.617, F (1,6) = 9.652, p = 0.021. Anaerobic performance may be highly valuable in SWAT units. HRV analysis may also be beneficial in measuring the psychophysiological impact of SWAT activities.

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Duluth, Minnesota Area: Exposure to and Biomarker Responses in Tree Swallows Relative to Known Fire-Fighting Foam Sources.

Tree swallow nest boxes were deployed at sites proximal to two putative aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) sources in the Duluth, MN area, as well as along the St. Louis River and a reference lake for comparative purposes in 2019, 2020 and 2021. The two AFFF sites were the current Duluth Air National Guard Base (ANG) and the Lake Superior College Emergency Response Training Center. Between 13 and 40 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), depending on year, were detected and quantified in tree swallow egg, nestling carcasses, and stomach contents. Assessments were made of oxidative stress and ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase activity in liver tissue, thyroid hormone levels in plasma and thyroid glands, DNA damage in red blood cells, and two measures of immune response (haptoglobin-like activity and immunoglobulin) in plasma of the nestlings. Additionally, other contaminants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, legacy organochlorine pesticides, and trace elements, were assessed at sites with no previous data. Total egg PFAS concentrations at the ANG site and north of that site were 30-40 times higher than at the reference lake, while nestling PFAS concentrations were 10-15 times higher. In contrast, the St. Louis River sites had slightly, but non-statistically significant, elevated egg and nestling PFAS concentrations relative to the reference lake (2-5 times higher). One PFAS, perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), was higher, as a proportion of total PFAS, at sites with a known AFFF source compared to the reference lake, as well as compared to sites along the St. Louis River with mainly urban and industrial sources of PFAS. The ratio of total carboxylates to total sulfonates also distinguished between PFAS sources. There were few to no differences in biomarker responses among sites, and no association with PFAS exposure.

Hospital Preparedness Analysis in Disaster Management : Literature Review

Under Act No. 44 of 2009, hospitals have a responsibility to actively engage in disaster situations, provide services to victims as they can, and have an accident prevention and disaster management system. This research aims to find out how prepared some hospitals are in disaster management based on some library studies. The preparation of this article uses a method of systematic literature review using 10 articles from 2019 to 2024 from search databases, namely Google Scholar, Garuda, Sage Journals, and ScienceDirect. Although hospitals have policies and standard operational procedures to cope with disasters, the findings suggest that their implementation by health personnel is not optimal. Although disaster response teams, K3RS teams, and abuse teams have been formed, education and training efforts are still not at their maximum. Hospitals are important in disaster management, but many still need improvements such as special guidelines, infrastructure, and intensive training. Preparedness includes planning, organization, movement, control, and recovery. Ready hospitals have emergency response teams, training programs, and early warning systems.

A Disaster Response Complex for training of emergency responders in the Northwest United States.

The Disaster Response Complex (DRC) is a year-round training complex that specializes in training emergency responders in realistic indoor and outdoor environments. The outdoor site is comprised of 3 acres of secured customizable space for various exercises. The indoor site is designed to include an indoor facility with a full-size city street, complete with storefronts and motor vehicles that can be configured for emergency response training exercises, and a train or subway station where mockups of derailments can be simulated. The DRC includes large parking areas to accommodate multiple vehicles, allowing trainees the space needed to set up equipment and tactical operations. In addition, a campus office space is also available for an off-site operations center.

Repeat wildfire and smoke experiences shared by four communities in Southern California: local impacts and community needs

Abstract Families in unincorporated communities in Southern California’s Eastern Coachella Valley (ECV) increasingly experience the burden of repeat wildfires and smoke. This study describes their lived wildfire and smoke experiences, health impacts, unique community-level inequities that compound wildfire risk and air quality effects, communication preferences, and resource needs for future wildfire preparedness. A wildfire community vulnerability framework informed the focus group discussion guide, exploring individual, community, and local government level factors that potentially influence community response and mitigation behaviors to repeat wildfire and smoke. Ten focus groups with 118 participants occurred in spring 2023 with four communities in ECV, California. Findings center on narratives of acute wildfire-related experiences, including evacuation and burned trailer homes, acute and chronic self report physical and mental health impacts of wildfires and smoke, daily life disruptions, staying indoors for protection, and local interactions described as a community strength in responding to fires. Participants from unincorporated, low-income, and monolingual Spanish-speaking communities predominantly consisting of farm workers requested greater emergency preparedness and response information, training and education in Spanish, postfire resources, lower trash service fees, increased enforcement of illegal dumping and burning, and use of multimodal and bilingual communication channels for wildfire, smoke, and wind alerts.

Implementation and Evaluation of an Emergency Response Training Program for Newly Graduated Nurses: A Scoping Review

Implementation and Evaluation of an Emergency Response Training Program for Newly Graduated Nurses: A Scoping Review

Fire emergency response system at PT X based on International Safety Rating System (ISRS)

Fire is the unwanted occurrence of fire. Preparedness in the face of catastrophic fire events is part of the Occupational Safety and Health (K3) standards that must be implemented in the company. PT X is a company engaged in concrete manufacturing. In the production process, many potential hazards, such as fires, can cause losses. This research aims to study the fire emergency response system at PT X. The method used is descriptive research, with data collection done cross-sectionally. The analysis was carried out descriptively by clearly and thoroughly describing the condition of the object of study and comparing it with the applicable regulatory standards. The results showed that PT X had implemented a fire emergency response system and efforts to prevent and overcome fire hazards. PT X's efforts include forming a firefighting team providing fire hazard management facilities such as fire extinguishers, fire blankets, first aid kits, evacuation stretchers, and other infrastructure facilities. PT X has conducted fire emergency response and first-aider training for employees and workers. This research concludes that PT X has implemented an emergency response system well and refers to the International Safety Rating System.

Principles for designing emergency response training centers

The article substantiates the theoretical and methodological basis for designing educational and training centers for emergency response. For this purpose, the results of an analysis of theoretical research in the field of design of such objects, methodological approaches, justifications for the adopted space-planning decisions, as well as the conclusions of scientific works are presented. As a result, theoretical and methodological approaches to designing a modern emergency response training center were formed and analyzed.

Pharmacy residency training program increases residents' confidence in inpatient medical emergency response.

The benefits of pharmacists' involvement in medical emergencies are well established, but optimal methods of training pharmacists for emergency response are unknown. The primary objective of this report is to describe the design and evaluation of a pharmacy resident medical emergency response training (PR-MERT) program for preparing trainees to respond to hospital medical emergencies, including cardiac arrest and rapid sequence intubation (RSI). The PR-MERT program was a year-long longitudinal experience designed to prepare postgraduate year 1 pharmacy residents for medical emergency response. During the first month, the residents completed an orientation session that encompassed several lectures, certification by the American Heart Association in basic life support and advanced cardiovascular life support, standardized simulation scenarios, and mock medical emergencies. The trainees continued to utilize these skills and clinical knowledge through a longitudinal didactic lecture series, resident case conferences, and practice-based application by responding to real-life medical emergencies. Residents were assessed and coached throughout the program by clinical pharmacy preceptors and a "code coach" with extensive medical emergency response experience. After the year-long training, residents completed an anonymous survey assessing self-confidence and the structure of the program. The results showed improved confidence in medication selection and dosing, as well as anticipating the needs of the team and speaking up in cardiac arrest and RSI situations. Residents were satisfied with the training offered and structure of the program. The development of a PR-MERT program at an academic medical center was successful in achieving longitudinal learning objectives and improving residents' confidence in responding to medical emergencies. The implementation of a similar medical emergency training curriculum in inpatient pharmacy residency programs may be beneficial.

The Effect of Emergency Response Training on Flood Disaster Preparedness on Student Council Administrators at SMPN 1 Tibawa

The effect of emergency response training on flood disaster preparedness on student council administrators at SMPN 1 TIBAWA. Guided by PIPIN YUNUS as chairman and HASLINDA DAMANSYAH as member Disaster emergency response is a series of activities immediately at the time of a disaster to deal with the adverse effects caused. These activities include pre-disaster, during-disaster, and post-disaster. This study aims to determine the effect of emergency response training on flood disaster preparedness in student council administrators at SMPN 1 TIBAWA. This research method uses a quantitative approach with a type of quasi-experimental research with one group. Samples were taken using total sampling techniques, the number of samples was 36 respondents. Data collection using a questionnaire sheet with data analysis using a Paired T-test with meaning (p-value = 0.05). The results showed that there was an average value of preparedness before 46.61 and preparedness after 73.72 there was an increase of 27.11 preparedness values after being given treatment, then the statistical value was obtained p-value = 0.00 smaller than 0.05 (p<0.05). In conclusion, there is an effect of emergency response training on flood disaster preparedness.

Rising From the Rubble: Air Quality Concerns in Post-Earthquake Afghanistan.

This position paper highlights the dire impacts of environmental and household air pollution, which were responsible for 6.7 million deaths globally in 2019. These deaths occurred predominantly in low- and middle-income countries, with Afghanistan reporting the highest age-adjusted mortality rate. The situation worsens during large-scale disasters like earthquakes, which release more pollutants into the air, exacerbating health risks and leading to severe conditions such as pulmonary diseases. Because political factors may hinder foreign NGOs and similar organizations from providing direct support, the frequent occurrence of earthquakes in Afghanistan underscores the critical need for emergency response training for local residents. Consequently, it is essential to provide ERT training, including the proper use of protective equipment, to local populations as well as disseminating risk communication through online technologies and other appropriate means.

An Analysis of the Psychological and Social Factors behind Bystanders' Complete Inaction during the Tangshan Restaurant Attack

This study analyzes the psychological and social factors contributing to bystander inaction during the June 2022 Tangshan Restaurant Attack. By examining surveillance footage and witness interviews through the frameworks of the fight-or-flight response, diffusion of responsibility, and conformity effects, this research aims to understand the motivations behind observer passivity. Results indicate various stress responses like freezing impaired emergency assessments by witnesses. Moreover, the diffusion of responsibility among the group and conformity to others' inaction diminished personal accountability. Therefore, the collective lack of intervention was partially due to physiological constraints hindering rational decision-making under crisis conditions, coupled with social pressures that obscured individual senses of obligation. This research provides context-specific insights into real-world applications of established bystander theories. Its multidimensional perspective expands beyond single-issue narratives, with implications for improving emergency response training to circumvent psychological barriers.

Оптимизация безопасности на стройплощадках с использованием искусственного интеллекта для распознавания строительной техники

The paper explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to identify construction equipment using CCTV cameras on construction sites. The main goal is to increase safety levels, optimize construction processes and increase productivity. The research covers the analysis of world and Russian experience in creating neural networks, collecting data on construction equipment and developing an AI model for recognizing and classifying machines based on their visual characteristics. The system was also tested to evaluate its accuracy and efficiency. The article discusses various approaches to training neural networks, including supervised and unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, transfer learning, generative adversarial networks, convolutional and recurrent neural networks, autoencoders, and hybrid models. Particular attention is paid to integrating AI with other aspects of construction site safety, including alarm systems, emergency response and personnel training. This research proposes a multi-layered approach to construction site safety, ensuring not only accident prevention but also improved work processes. Ultimately, the application of AI on construction sites helps create a safer, more organized and controlled work environment, which is critical for large construction projects.

Assessing potential tsunami vertical-evacuation practices: A study of four cases in Chile using virtual reality and GIS

Tsunami vertical-evacuation (TVE) can save numerous human lives when horizontal evacuation is not feasible. A key topic in TVE planning is the optimal placement of shelters, which is typically studied using a top-down approach. Recently, virtual reality (VR) has become an emerging tool to support disaster risk reduction and emergency response training. While VR has been applied to visualise tsunami flood zones and evacuation routes, no studies have used VR to assess the evacuees' shelter choices during emergencies or to examine the optimal 'siting' of TVE buildings. To address this gap, this study introduces a user-focused VR evacuation experiment to automatically collect the shelter preferences of 435 participants regarding existing buildings that might serve as TVE shelters in four case studies in Chile. Complementary, we used questionnaires to collect information about the participants' tsunami evacuation expertise, awareness, and the factors that led to their shelter selection. Lastly, we used GIS to examine the location characteristics of the selected buildings. The results showed that 50 buildings gathered at least two preferences, with a large diversity of heights (five to 34 storeys) and placements (from 52 to 2774 m from the coast). Height is the most critical factor when choosing a building for TVE (53.1 % of the preferences), and most of them are residential (62.7 %). Additionally, 67.2 % of the participants had experienced real-world evacuations, and the average evacuation rate during the last emergency in each of the case studies was 43.8 %. While most participants declared affirmative response rates about the perceived tsunami threat (above 60 %), low specific knowledge regarding evacuation plans might discourage protective actions in future tsunami emergencies.

Risk-informed Emergency Response Training for Backdraft in Nuclear Power Plants

Research has been conducted for developing fire evacuation and response training programs for nuclear power plant (NPP) application. Among numerous fire scenarios that may occur in an NPP environment, three different points of origin for a fire were selected for the program based on a risk-informed approach: switchgear room, main control room, and safety injection pump room. Fire outcomes were predicted for these scenarios via numerical modeling and the results were incorporated into the newly developed fire evacuation and response training program for the APR1400, Korea’s next-generation NPP model. The switchgear room fire scenario was found to have the most potential for backdraft to occur during manual fire response following automatic gaseous fire suppression system activation. The emergency response manual does discuss this possible backdraft occurrence; however, the guidance to avoid injuries is qualitative, such as to be cautious of backdrafts and wait a sufficient amount of time after opening a door before entering the. In this study, backdraft phenomenon that may occur from a switchgear room fire was numerically examined using the recent version of the Fire Dynamics Simulator to develop an appropriate timeline to be implemented in the fire evacuation and response training program. Based on the findings, the following guidance is provided: (1) backdraft can only occur when the fire originates in the space near the door; (2) wait at least 10 minutes after opening the door before entering the room; (3) watch for rapid smoke production, as this may be an antecedent phenomenon of backdraft; and (4) when smoke production increases rapidly, leave the room as soon as possible to avoid being caught within the deflagrating flames from a backdraft.

Experiences and Perspectives of Student Nurses Toward Volunteerism during Health Emergencies: A Systematic Review

Abstract The paper discusses how volunteerism, especially among nursing students, helps solve health crises. The study emphasizes community preparedness and volunteers’ unique role in supporting healthcare professionals during crises. Volunteers seek out opportunities to help, unlike emergency responders. Nursing students, a major employment source, are shown to be capable of first aid and emotional support. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the unprecedented need for volunteers. Research shows that nursing students worldwide are willing to help in health emergencies. Professional ethics, humanity, and learning motivate. Self-care issues, system support issues, and psychological impacts are obstacles. The study uses a mixed-methods technique and the PRISMA framework to examine nursing students’ health crisis volunteering experiences, goals, and perceptions. The data show volunteer nursing students’ pleasures and problems. Although volunteering is rewarding, worries about self-care, family well-being, and psychological effects arise. Emotional stress, burnout, compassion fatigue, anxiety, sleep difficulties, guilt, and a lack of support affect nursing students’ mental health. Witnessing and experiencing health emergencies can cause emotional stress, highlighting the need for personalized solutions. The report recommends cash incentives, extensive training, and explicit protocols to increase student volunteering. Nursing students can safely volunteer in high-stress situations by recognizing and addressing the mental health risks and providing support and tools. The article recommends a holistic approach to volunteerism that recognizes its benefits and promotes the mental health and well-being of motivated nursing students. Nursing students helping in health emergencies need sufficient training, psychological support, and self-care to protect their mental health, according to the study. Providing support, shifting schedules, and understanding the emotional toll of employment are vital. Nursing schools should include emergency response training to prepare students for pandemic leadership.

A retrospective analysis of coping competence among community health centers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai, China: Coping strategies for future public health emergency events.

This study aims to investigate the coping competence of 12 community health centers through nursing workforce, emergency preparation, emergency response training, and emergency support in a district of Shanghai during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2022 to propose coping strategies and implication for Future Public Health Emergency Events for community health centers. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on June 2022, and 12 community health centers (servicing a population of 104,472.67 ± 41,421.18, with 125 ± 36 health care providers per center) were then divided into group A (n = 5, medical care ratio ≥ 1:1) and group B (n = 7, medical care ratio < 1:1) according to collected data, and the nursing human resources management and coping competence of the centers with COVID-19 of both groups were retrospectively analyzed. Nursing shortages were obvious across all 12 centers. Certain deficiencies in the coping competence of community health centers with emergencies must be addressed (possession rate < 70% in both groups, p > 0.05). Community health centers need to enhance hospital-to-hospital collaboration and the ability to transport emergency staff to the post promptly during outbreaks. Emergency coping assessments, emergency drills at different levels, and mental health support need to be implemented regularly among community health centers, and effective donation management should be pursued as well. We expect that this study could support efforts by leaders of community health centers to conclude coping strategies including increasing nursing workforce, optimizing human recourse management, and identifying areas of improvement of centers for emergency coping during public health events.