Emergence Of New Functions Research Articles

Prospects and limitations of the implementation of the University's third mission

Today, attention is focused on three main areas of university activity, which are called "missions". These areas include educational and research functions, as well as the transfer of innovations. The third mission of the university means its social responsibility to local communities, participation in the cultural and economic development of the state. The introduction of digital technologies and the processes of globalization have a significant impact on the fields of activity of universities, presenting both challenges and new opportunities for their development. The purpose of this article is to consider the scientific discussion about the third mission of the university, as well as to identify opportunities and limitations in its implementation. The increased use of digital technologies and globalization are leading to changes in higher education, affecting all three levels of university activity. In this work, general scientific approaches to the study of social institutions are applied, in particular, the method of comparative analysis was applied. A review of the literature on the topic is presented, the importance of involving different stakeholders in university education is revealed. Universities are facing new challenges, but there are also prospects for changing the educational process. At the turn of the century, universities were experiencing crisis and decline, and pressure was exerted on them to shift the focus of their activities from the main missions to the third mission, expressed in the wording "responsibility to local communities". Research in this field is often devoted to the traditional tasks facing the university, or they consider the third mission in a narrow sense. However, it is important to identify both the positive consequences and the contradictions that higher education faces at the stage of the emergence of new functions. The university community is also offered a number of measures that could be used to solve the problems that arise.

Diverse Origins of Near-Identical Antifreeze Proteins in Unrelated Fish Lineages Provide Insights Into Evolutionary Mechanisms of New Gene Birth and Protein Sequence Convergence.

Determining the origins of novel genes and the mechanisms driving the emergence of new functions is challenging yet crucial for understanding evolutionary innovations. Recently evolved fish antifreeze proteins (AFPs) offer a unique opportunity to explore these processes, particularly the near-identical type I AFP (AFPI) found in four phylogenetically divergent fish taxa. This study tested the hypothesis of protein sequence convergence beyond functional convergence in three unrelated AFPI-bearing fish lineages. Through comprehensive comparative analyses of newly sequenced genomes of winter flounder and grubby sculpin, along with available high-quality genomes of cunner and 14 other related species, the study revealed that near-identical AFPI proteins originated from distinct genetic precursors in each lineage. Each lineage independently evolved a de novo coding region for the novel ice-binding protein while repurposing fragments from their respective ancestors into potential regulatory regions, representing partial de novo origination-a process that bridges de novo gene formation and the neofunctionalization of duplicated genes. The study supports existing models of new gene origination and introduces new ones: the innovation-amplification-divergence model, where novel changes precede gene duplication; the newly proposed duplication-degeneration-divergence model, which describes new functions arising from degenerated pseudogenes; and the duplication-degeneration-divergence gene fission model, where each new sibling gene differentially degenerates and renovates distinct functional domains from their parental gene. These findings highlight the diverse evolutionary pathways through which a novel functional gene with convergent sequences at the protein level can evolve across divergent species, advancing our understanding of the mechanistic intricacies in new gene formation.

Diverse origins of near-identical antifreeze proteins in unrelated fish lineages provide insights into evolutionary mechanisms of new gene birth and protein sequence convergence.

Determining the origins of novel genes and the genetic mechanisms underlying the emergence of new functions is challenging yet crucial for understanding evolutionary innovations. The convergently evolved fish antifreeze proteins provide excellent opportunities to investigate evolutionary origins and pathways of new genes. Particularly notable is the near-identical type I antifreeze proteins (AFPI) in four phylogenetically divergent fish taxa. This study tested the hypothesis of protein sequence convergence beyond functional convergence in three unrelated AFPI-bearing fish lineages, revealing different paths by which a similar protein arose from diverse genomic resources. Comprehensive comparative analyses of de novo sequenced genome of the winter flounder and grubby sculpin, available high-quality genome of the cunner and 14 other relevant species found that the near-identical AFPI originated from a distinct genetic precursor in each lineage. Each independently evolved a coding region for the novel ice-binding protein while retaining sequence identity in the regulatory regions with their respective ancestor. The deduced evolutionary processes and molecular mechanisms are consistent with the Innovation-Amplification-Divergence (IAD) model applicable to AFPI formation in all three lineages, a new Duplication-Degeneration-Divergence (DDD) model we propose for the sculpin lineage, and a DDD model with gene fission for the cunner lineage. This investigation illustrates the multiple ways by which a novel functional gene with sequence convergence at the protein level could evolve across divergent species, advancing our understanding of the mechanistic intricacies in new gene formation.

ФІНАНСОВА СТІЙКІСТЬ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД У ВОЄННИЙ ЧАС: РОЛЬ ПОДАТКОВИХ ДОХОДІВ

Introduction. External aggression has become the backdrop against which the resilience of the local self-government system has manifested as an element of crisis management within the vertical system of public administration. The war has exacerbated territorial disparities and differentiated the challenges for local self-government bodies in various regions due to their distance from combat zones and occupation, leading to the emergence of new functions not typical for local self-government bodies. Problem Statement. These circumstances have precipitated a change in the conditions for the formation of tax revenues for the budgets of territorial communities. Firstly, there has been a transformation in the state's approach to budgetary and tax policy formation, reflected in amendments to budgetary and tax legislation. Secondly, hostilities have resulted in a shift in the spatial concentration of businesses and increased unevenness in population density as a consequence of forced displacement to safe areas. These factors have influenced the process of budgetary revenue accumulation at the local level and, consequently, the financial resilience of territorial communities and their capacity to fulfill their functions. Purpose. To analyze the accumulation of tax revenues for the budgets of territorial communities as a factor in ensuring/preserving their financial resilience. Methods. General scientific and specialized methods were employed, including analysis, synthesis, grouping, description, comparison, theoretical generalization, and abstract-logical reasoning. Results. Based on five indicators (tax capacity of budgets, tax sufficiency, tax autonomy, local taxes and fees, taxes on economic activity), an analysis of the formation of tax revenues for the budgets of territorial communities in the context of maintaining their financial resilience during the war against Ukraine has been conducted. An increase in disparities in the tax capacity of territorial communities and an increase in the number of administrative-territorial formations in a crisis state have been identified. The impact of two factors on the resilience stability of communities in wartime has been established: distance from combat zones and available economic potential. It has been demonstrated that communities with a high level of economic potential are characterized by higher financial resilience even in conditions of close proximity to the front line, as well as the significant role of large cities in maintaining financial and economic resilience in the region. Conclusions. It is argued that the system of tax revenue formation for territorial communities has become one of the main factors in preserving/ensuring financial resilience of territorial communities during wartime. The influence of high adaptability of economic actors in territorial communities on stabilizing the economy of communities in the second year of the war has been noted.

СУЧАСНИЙ АРХІТЕКТУРНИЙ ПРОЦЕС ТА АКТУАЛЬНІ ЗАВДАННЯ АРХІТЕКТУРНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

The article is devoted to the identification of the features of the modern architectural process and the establishment of actual tasks of architectural activity. Today's society, science, and practice are experiencing phenomena that radically change the approaches and paradigms of the architectural process. The paper highlights the contradictions in the theory and practice of architecture that need to be resolved; considers aspects of the modern ideology of architecture; develops certain provisions of the theory of the environmental approach, namely, the features of "understanding" design, the communicative component of architectural activity; emphasizes the interaction of various actors in the process of architectural activity, the dialogue of the architect with stakeholders. The author emphasizes the decisive role of the architect as an organizer and coordinator of the design process, the interpretation of the architectural process as a component of the overall socio-cultural process. The biggest shifts are taking place in the field of the environmental approach to architectural activity. Environmental issues, which bring people and their lifestyles to the forefront, give impetus to the development of architectural management and marketing. These changes in priorities have led to a problematic situation in the theory of architecture and opened up a new space of work: the identification and recording of environmental experiences and images, the production of these experiences and the management of this process. The environmental approach outlines the future trajectories of architectural work, the essence of which is the inclusion of the designer in the life of the population, the materialization of their own version of life processes, the identification of a set of specialized activities that support the ideology of social progress and cultural development. Scientific research and architectural practice should be based on the achievements of the philosophy of architecture, understanding of new value orientations, taking into account the differences and pace of social change, etc. There is a need to recognize the importance of such a factor as the subject of the architectural process. Changing the basic guidelines of the consumer of an architectural object requires ensuring at the design stage the possibility of transforming an architectural object in the process of its further operation, predicting the emergence of new functions and the formation of their new material shell. The article outlines the contours of scientific innovations in the field of architecture - the theory of architectural activity in the conditions of intersubjective interaction; suggests forms of correct introduction of the concept of "design subject", which is active in the architectural environment, into design practice and theory of architectural activity.

Sequence similarity networks bear out hierarchical relationships of green cytochrome P450.

Land plants have diversified enzyme families. One of the most prominent is the cytochrome P450 (CYP or CYP450) family. With over 443,000 CYP proteins sequenced across the tree of life, CYPs are ubiquitous in archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Here, we focused on land plants and algae to study the role of CYP diversification. CYPs, acting as monooxygenases, catalyze hydroxylation reactions crucial for specialized plant metabolic pathways, including detoxification and phytohormone production; the CYPome consists of one enormous superfamily that is divided into clans and families. Their evolutionary history speaks of high substrate promiscuity; radiation and functional diversification have yielded numerous CYP families. To understand the evolutionary relationships within the CYPs, we employed sequence similarity network analyses. We recovered distinct clusters representing different CYP families, reflecting their diversified sequences that we link to the prediction of functionalities. Hierarchical clustering and phylogenetic analysis further elucidated relationships between CYP clans, uncovering their shared deep evolutionary history. We explored the distribution and diversification of CYP subfamilies across plant and algal lineages, uncovering novel candidates and providing insights into the evolution of these enzyme families. This identified unexpected relationships between CYP families, such as the link between CYP82 and CYP74, shedding light on their roles in plant defense signaling pathways. Our approach provides a methodology that brings insights into the emergence of new functions within the CYP450 family, contributing to the evolutionary history of plants and algae. These insights can be further validated and implemented via experimental setups under various external conditions.

The Constructive Black Queen hypothesis: new functions can evolve under conditions favouring gene loss.

Duplication is a major route for the emergence of new gene functions. However, the emergence of new gene functions via this route may be reduced in prokaryotes, as redundant genes are often rapidly purged. In lineages with compact, streamlined genomes, it thus appears challenging for novel function to emerge via duplication and divergence. A further pressure contributing to gene loss occurs under Black Queen dynamics, as cheaters that lose the capacity to produce a public good can instead acquire it from neighbouring producers. We propose that Black Queen dynamics can favour the emergence of new function because, under an emerging Black Queen dynamic, there is high gene redundancy spread across a community of interacting cells. Using computational modelling, we demonstrate that new gene functions can emerge under Black Queen dynamics. This result holds even if there is deletion bias due to low duplication rates and selection against redundant gene copies resulting from the high cost associated with carrying a locus. However, when the public good production costs are high, Black Queen dynamics impede the fixation of new functions. Our results expand the mechanisms by which new gene functions can emerge in prokaryotic systems.

Actual Problems of the Theory of State and Law in the Works of German Lawyers of the Late XX – Early XXI Century

The importance of the theory of state and law as a basic fundamental legal science is generally recognized in European jurisprudence. This is especially true for the countries of the Romano-German legal family. The article shows the points of view of famous German jurists, philosophers, sociologists on topical issues of the theory of state and law. It is important to study the basic theoretical and legal views of representatives of the German law school, since they, along with scientists from other countries, have made a significant contribution to the development of theoretical and legal science. The purpose of the article is to draw the attention of the Russian legal community to the works of German lawyers that have not been fully translated into Russian. The article begins with a description of the problems of methodology and justification of the chosen comparative legal research method. In relation to the theory of the state, the issues of global constitutionalism, problems of state sovereignty, changes in the role of the state in modern society, the emergence of new functions for the state, the theory of the liberal state and its criticism are considered. The problems of the theory of law raised in the article relate to the issues of the system and self-production of law, legal interpretation and non-legal interpretations, the limits of legal regulation, legal positivism, concretization in law, judicial lawmaking, the views of the Frankfurt School. Attention is paid to the problem of the value justification of law and sociocultural factors in law, the relationship between law and culture. The article may be of interest to specialists in the field of theory of state and law and comparative law.

Gene birth in a model of non-genic adaptation.

Over evolutionary timescales, genomic loci can switch between functional and non-functional states through processes such as pseudogenization and de novo gene birth. Particularly, de novo gene birth is a widespread process, and many examples continue to be discovered across diverse evolutionary lineages. However, the general mechanisms that lead to functionalization are poorly understood, and estimated rates of de novo gene birth remain contentious. Here, we address this problem within a model that takes into account mutations and structural variation, allowing us to estimate the likelihood of emergence of new functions at non-functional loci. Assuming biologically reasonable mutation rates and mutational effects, we find that functionalization of non-genic loci requires the realization of strict conditions. This is in line with the observation that most de novo genes are localized to the vicinity of established genes. Our model also provides an explanation for the empirical observation that emerging proto-genes are often lost despite showing signs of adaptation. Our work elucidates the properties of non-genic loci that make them fertile for adaptation, and our results offer mechanistic insights into the process of de novo gene birth.

Integrating Freshman STEM Education into a Big-History Course in Japan

Undergraduate education for Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) has been a global priority of governments for decades, because of its direct connection to work-force development in a world with growing dependence on technology and information. Technology is the outcome of an evolutionary process leading to increases of complexity and emergence of new functionalities, which is a central theme in Big History. In modern Japan, large public universities focus on undergraduate STEM education, originally inspired by the American model. This Japanese STEM approach is rather heavily based on liberal arts and general education courses that are taught as distinct silos in mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, etc. At least, this is the case for most of the first-year and some of the second-year content in most four-year degree programs. This model has its benefits and provides a solid foundation in these disciplines, one that expands on high school experience. However, this often means that students tend to overlook or forget the deep connections between disciplines.

Цифровые технологии в системе дистанционного обслуживания

Currently one of the main trends, which was largely influenced by the pandemic, is the digital transformation of all spheres of society. The financial sector is highly subject to digital modernization. In this area, both banking products and services that form the final consumer experience and affect their loyalty undergo digital modernization. Therefore, the introduction of digital technologies and digital transformation of business processes is currently a priority for banks. It contributes to their active expansion, reduces the costs, improves the quality and efficiency of banking services and customer loyalty and simplifies the mechanisms for providing services. The development of the banking system based on the use of digital technologies will solve many problems. For example, end-to-end technologies such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, blockchain, P2P lending, robo-advising accelerate technological changes, personalize offers, increase the speed of banking operations, increase the accuracy of calculations, and reduce the risk of deliberate misrepresentation of reporting data. This article defines the types of remote banking services, evaluates their use in Russian banks. Particular attention is paid to the influence of various factors on the development of remote banking services and the introduction of digital technologies, on the emergence of new functions in this area. It was revealed that as a result of the restrictions associated with COVID-19, banks immediately modified relations with customers and converted them to a digital basis.

Reconstruction of the Holy Trinity Zelenetsky monastery in the context of an increasing number of pilgrims and tourists

Introduction. The reconstruction of Orthodox monastery complexes in the Russian North faces a number of challenges arising due to a dramatic increase in the number of pilgrims and tourists, as well as the restoration of traditional and emergence of new functions performed by monasteries. The author investigates the reconstruction of the Holy Trinity Zelenetsky Monastery (“the Zelenetsky Monastery”) in the Leningrad region amid an increasing number of visitors. By now, all the main traditional functions of this monastery have been restored in some way.
 Materials and methods. The authors use an integrated approach to identify the general principles that allow solving the most relevant problems of the Zelenetsky Monastery. This approach includes investigation of historical and design documents on the monastery architecture, analysis of functions performed by this monastery, analysis of restoration results, as well as the comprehensive assessment of the outcome of recommendations proposed here.
 Results. We propose a number of specific recommendations aimed at improving the architectural ensemble of the Zele­netsky Monastery. These recommendations are concerned with the master plan of the Zelenetsky Monastery, as well as the buildings of its main functional groups. The recommendations, that were formulated and justified earlier, are based on four general principles dealing with the reconstruction and development of Orthodox monastery complexes in the Russian North under the present-day conditions.
 Conclusions. The authors have developed recommendations for the reconstruction of the Zelenetsky Monastery. The implementation of these recommendations leads to the optimal zoning of the monastery area, preservation of its architectural ensemble and surrounding natural landscape. It also ensures the best conditions for monastery visitors and brethren.

Innovation versus novelty in microbial systems.

Innovation versus novelty in microbial systems.

Sociological Factors of the Influence of the Educational Environment on the Professional Burnout of University Teachers

The article presents the results of the author's research conducted in the universities of the city of Novosibirsk. The author proceeds from the fact that the modernisation of education has an impact not only on the educational process as part of the optimisation of teaching, conditions and quality of education, but also on its participants, including teachers.
 The implementation of the national project "Education", the transition to digital technologies in education, modern socio-political and economic realities lead to fundamental changes in the conditions for the functioning of higher educational institutions, an increase in the requirements for the quality of professional training and the emergence of new functions and responsibilities of teachers. Practice shows that innovations have both a positive and a negative impact on the educational environment and teachers themselves as key subjects in the implementation of educational activities. Based on the results of the analysis of the data collected during the field study, the author comes to the conclusion that professional burnout of a teacher as a response syndrome, manifested in exhaustion, reduced productivity, and depersonalisation, is a consequence of a system of factors. Based on the results of the study, the author considers a wide range of professional risks, highlighting the causes and managerial variables that contribute to the manifestation of professional burnout among teachers. The research tools allowed to determine the causes of professional burnout, the presence of symptoms and signs, the level of exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduction. The analysis of the data obtained led to the conclusion that the complication of the conditions of professional activity due to the action of a system of sociological factors leads to an increase in the number of teachers with a pronounced degree of professional burnout, regardless of the level of the position held, while the dependence of the degree of burnout on the experience of teaching was established. The areas of professional activity that are most vulnerable to deformations and possible measures for the prevention and overcoming of the professional burnout syndrome are also identified. It has been established that the professional burnout of teachers negatively affects the quality of the educational process, leads to problems in the staffing of universities and requires the development of managerial decisions to optimise the educational environment in order to minimise professional risks and reduce the negative impact of factors on the health and activities of university teachers.

Deinstitutionalization of education in the context of a global professional shift

The aim of the work is to analyze the processes of transformation of modern education towards its deinstitutionalization under the influence of changes in the professional structure of the labor market. A global professional shift towards new professions emerging in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is considered as a modern trend, resulting in an increase in the role and importance of informal and informal education, accompanied by an increase in demand for online education. The main objectives of the study are to determine the current trends in the development of formal continuing education in the Russian Federation in comparison with the trends in the development of informal online education.Materials and methods. The analysis used the results of sociological research, statistical data reflecting the processes in the field of continuing professional education, the involvement of the adult population in continuing education, the demand for online education platforms in Russia, as well as expert opinions, analytical and informational materials, bibliographic sources. Secondary analysis and interpretation of the results of sociological surveys, systematization and classification of theoretical and factual materials used, methods of statistical analysis were used.Results. The study revealed that under the influence of the fourth industrial revolution, a global professional shift is taking place in the labor market, leading to a significant acceleration of the processes of de-institutionalization of vocational education, expressed in a significant increase in the role and importance of non-formal education in meeting the educational needs of citizens and networking of the educational process. The spread of informal online education leads to the blurring of the institutional boundaries of education as a traditional social institution. The list and content of additional vocational education (AVE) programs mostly reflect the traditional range of professions and are poorly transformed under the influence of a global professional shift. This determines the low level of involvement of the adult population in continuing formal education, and the flow of demand for additional education to the informal sector in the conditions of rapid development of online education. The risks of deinstitutionalization of vocational education are its dysfunctions, going beyond traditional functions, the emergence of new functions, which leads to the loss of «their place» by educational institutions and a decrease in the importance of traditional university education.Conclusion. The fourth industrial Revolution, provoking a global professional shift, leads to an increase in the importance of informal and informative online education. Changing the professional sphere requires accelerated development of a flexible, barrier-free, rapidly responding to these changes in the environment of advanced education, which becomes a constantly ongoing process immersed in an online environment. Its openness, integration with professional practice, networking and digitalization are becoming the most significant characteristics. Ecosystem educational spaces are becoming promising, forming both around educational organizations and around students, which indicates the continuation of the processes of deinstitutionalization of vocational education in the future.

Combined DFT and MD Simulation Protocol to Characterize Self-Healing Properties in Disulfide-Containing Materials: Polyurethanes and Polymethacrylates as Case Studies

The introduction of dynamic bonds in polymeric materials facilitates the emergence of new functionalities, such as self-healing capacity. Understanding the role of the molecular structure in the efficiency of the self-healing process is fundamental to design new materials with improved features. Computational chemistry has emerged as a valuable tool for the characterization of polymeric materials. In this work, computational chemistry is used to analyze the observed self-healing capacity of a set of disulfide-containing polyurethanes and polymethacrylates, including different hard segments and dynamic bonds. For this purpose, a recently developed theoretical protocol has been used. This protocol is based on three parameters: the probability of generating radicals by cleavage of the disulfide bond, the energetic barrier of the exchange reaction among disulfides and the dynamics of the polymeric chains. This protocol is able to qualitatively explain the experimental self-healing properties of these materials. In particular, it explains both the great performance of two materials and the lack of self-healing capacity of another two. Besides, it can also describe the improvement of the self-healing capacity with increasing temperature. These results demonstrate the robustness and usefulness of this approach for the analysis and prediction of self-healing properties in polymeric materials. Therefore, this protocol allows to predict new materials with improved properties and will help the experimental community in the development of these improved materials.

Conserved exchange of paralog proteins during neuronal differentiation.

Gene duplication enables the emergence of new functions by lowering the evolutionary pressure that is posed on the ancestral genes. Previous studies have highlighted the role of specific paralog genes during cell differentiation, for example, in chromatin remodeling complexes. It remains unexplored whether similar mechanisms extend to other biological functions and whether the regulation of paralog genes is conserved across species. Here, we analyze the expression of paralogs across human tissues, during development and neuronal differentiation in fish, rodents and humans. Whereas ∼80% of paralog genes are co-regulated, a subset of paralogs shows divergent expression profiles, contributing to variability of protein complexes. We identify 78 substitutions of paralog pairs that occur during neuronal differentiation and are conserved across species. Among these, we highlight a substitution between the paralogs SEC23A and SEC23B members of the COPII complex. Altering the ratio between these two genes via RNAi-mediated knockdown is sufficient to influence neuron differentiation. We propose that remodeling of the vesicular transport system via paralog substitutions is an evolutionary conserved mechanism enabling neuronal differentiation.

A Survey of Underwater Multi-Robot Systems

As a cross-cutting field between ocean development and multi-robot system (MRS), the underwater multi-robot system (UMRS) has gained increasing attention from researchers and engineers in recent decades. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of cooperation issues, one of the key components of UMRS, from the perspective of the emergence of new functions. More specifically, we categorize the cooperation in terms of task-space, motion-space, measurement-space, as well as their combination. Further, we analyze the architecture of UMRS from three aspects, i.e., the performance of the individual underwater robot, the new functions of underwater robots, and the technical approaches of MRS. To conclude, we have discussed related promising directions for future research. This survey provides valuable insight into the reasonable utilization of UMRS to attain diverse underwater tasks in complex ocean application scenarios.

JCS/JHRS 2019 guideline on non-pharmacotherapy of cardiac arrhythmias.

JCS/JHRS 2019 guideline on non-pharmacotherapy of cardiac arrhythmias.

РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ ВАЛДАЙСКОГО ИВЕРСКОГО, СПАСО-ПРИЛУЦКОГО, И КИРИЛЛО-БЕЛОЗЕРСКОГО МОНАСТЫРЕЙ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ПАЛОМНИЧЕСТВА И ТУРИЗМА

The development of Orthodox monasteries in the north of Russia is facing difficulties due to the increase in the number of pilgrims and tourists, as well as the restoration of traditional and the emergence of new functions performed by monastic complexes. The four basic principles of reconstruction and development of Orthodox monastery complexes of the Russian North formulated earlier allow to develop specific recommendations aimed at reconstruction and development of monasteries. In this work, recommendations are developed for the Iver Monastery, Spaso-Prilutskiy Monastery and Kirillo-Belozerskiy Monastery that substantially differ in their preservation and performed functions. The developed recommendations are concerned with the general plans of the monastery complexes, as well as the buildings comprising the main functional groups of these monasteries. In all the monasteries considered in this paper, the application of these recommendations will lead to the formation of an accessible multifunctional architectural and spatial environment. Such environment provides optimal zoning of the monastery territory, preserves both architectural ensemble of a given monastery complex and the surrounding nature landscape and creates the best possible conditions for the monastery inhabitants and visitors. The approach proposed in this paper is planned to be developed and applied to a number of other monasteries in the Russian North