Emergence Of New Formats Research Articles

ТЕХНОПАРКИ И НАУКОЕМКИЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА: АНАЛИЗ ПЕРЕДОВОГО ОПЫТА

The development of science-intensive technologies is crucial for the social and economic stability of the nation. The current technological system calls for a unification of scientific and technological approaches in the innovation-driven development. The introduction of innovations is necessary for moderni-zation of the national economy and for making Russian companies more efficient. Without the constant development of science and education, there is a threat of social and cultural stagnation; while the world trend of changing and improving the production involves the emergence of new formats of economic interac-tion in which the science-intensive and convergent technologies play the key role. The science-intensive development requires the full-fledged institutional interaction, the joint activity of stakeholders, i.e. the devel-opment of special territories where economic, infrastructural and social-cultural conditions allow the intro-duction of new technologies. Technoparks represent one of the most popular formats of such territories. Today the Russian Federation has several technoparks. However, their work is not always satisfactory and needs optimization, especially for the greater efficiency of the science-intensive technologies. To identify the most effective ways of upgrading the Russian technoparks, the authors studied the experience of 12 most successful technoparks abroad, and make recommendations for improving the management system of tech-noparks and enhancing their scientific and innovative activities. The article describes the features of sci-ence-intensive technologies; the challenges the innovative organizations face; the role of technoparks in ensuring the growth of the innovative potential of the state; the formats and structure of technoparks as well as the recommendations for making them more effective in developing science-intensive technolo-gies. The article also presents the results of the studies of the Russian technoparks over the last ten years. The authors try to identify the main methods for optimization and modernization of technoparks to increase their role in the innovation-driven development of the state.

Una mirada a la diversidad en las industrias radiofónica y musical en España

La aprobación por parte de UNESCO de la Convención sobre la protección y promoción de la diversidad de las expresiones culturales (UNESCO, 2005) es un importante elemento que ha dado impulso a los intentos de medir la diversidad en las industrias culturales (UIS, 2011). En este marco, este trabajo aborda las relaciones entre la industria musical y la radio musical en España desde una perspectiva crítica y a través de un análisis de los datos disponibles sobre oferta y consumo de música grabada (listas de ventas, listas de radiofórmulas, composición de los mercados radiofónico y fonográfico) en diferentes momentos clave marcados por la emergencia de nuevos soportes y dispositivos (CD, Mp3, internet).Este trabajo tiene por objetivo fundamental analizar la evolución de la diversidad del mercado discográfico español desde el final de la década de 1970 hasta la actualidad, a través del estudio de las listas de éxitos musicales radiofónicos, la configuración empresarial del sector fonográfico y radiofónico, y las listas de fonogramas más vendidos.

Lifestyle Media and Social Transformation in Asia

Across Asia, the past three decades have been marked by shared experiences of hyper-accelerated social, cultural and economic transformation. Consumer culture plays an increasing role in countries once dominated by socialism, and neo-liberal economic and social policies increasingly are being adopted by authoritarian statist regimes. More and more, governments address their citizens as individualised, sovereign consumers with reflexive ‘choices' about their lifestyles and identities. One of the correlates of these processes of (neo-) liberalisation has been the emergence of new formations of consumption-oriented middle classes with lifestyle aspirations that are shaped by national, regional and global influences. How are everyday conceptions and experiences of identity and citizenship being transformed by rearticulated cultures of modernity across the region? This article draws upon the insights of existing Euro-American research on lifestyle culture and consumption, but extends its focus by relocating such concerns within the context of Asia and within a trans-national comparative frame. Examining how the rise of lifestyle media and culture is involved in a series of complex, local-level ideological contestations around emergent forms of sociality and identity across a range of geo-cultural sites, including India, China, Singapore and Taiwan, the authors challenge reductive assumptions about the global translatability and mobility of ‘Euro-modernity’.

Writing Europe: a dialogue of ‘liminal Europeans’

Migration has been a regular feature in Europe since before the Romans. However, an acceleration of this process in the 20th and 21st centuries has resulted in the breaking down of old affinities and alignments and the emergence of new formations that challenge traditional group definitions. Many Europeans experience strong senses of exclusion from the mainstream society to which they have migrated. Some have explored this challenge of liminality in writing. The essay focuses on auto/ethnographies that have been penned in a liminal context with particular reference to the concept of Europe. How do migrants translate their own memories and stories from one region of Europe into a new cultural setting? What is the composite picture of Europe that is created in these migrant writings and how significant is the experience of liminality?

Retailing in Taiwan: modernization and the emergence of new formats

Explains that Taiwan’s retailing is predominantly a mix of traditional markets and department stores, an abundance of convenience stores, a group of supermarket and hypermarket chains, many direct marketing companies and a dynamic fast‐food industry. Outlines the history of Taiwan’s development as a democratic society in order to provide a framework for describing the modernization process. From the 1600s through the period of Japanese colonization ending in 1944, Taiwan was an agrarian society. Beginning less than 50 years ago, rapid industrialization brought greater wealth to the 21 million people who inhabit the island and the recent transition to a more democratic society has resulted in consumer awareness and greater interest in life quality. Suggests that the new retail formats have done a lot to satisfy consumer demands for professional service, product value and variety, and a safe, clean environment. However, single‐site retail formats that require long‐term and large‐scale investments, such as malls, shopping centres and retail streets, are very slow to develop. Better civic co‐ordination, greater openness to international retail planners and financial institutions, as well as increased confidence about the future, are key to the next stage of retail development. Provides details of current retail statistics (in US dollars). Describes Taiwan’s retail history and discusses future retail opportunities.

Community structures in world perspective: Decline and transfiguration

Despite the relatively uniform images evoked by the word “community,” in the past several centuries the community structures within which persons live have been anything but stable. The penetration of industrialization, bureaucratization and urbanization into all areas of the world has resulted in the inexorable erosion not only of traditional values, but also of all older forms of traditional andGemeinschaft community structures. From the ruins of the past, however, entirely new community formations and ideologies have emerged. It is not entirely unexpected that these newer formations and ideologies are based on both mummified images of past traditions and on entirely new values and institutions provided by industrial civilization. We argue that the destruction of communities defined by past traditions and the emergence of new formations constitute a fundamental transformation in communal and community relationships.