Elevator Control System Research Articles

DEVELOPMENT AND MODELING OF AN ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM USING 8051 MICROCONTROLLER

This paper presents the development and simulation of an elevator control system using the 8051 microcontrollers, aimed at creating an effective and practical educational tool. The system was designed for an eight-story building, employing Multisim for hardware simulation and the Keil environment for programming in C. The main objective was to simulate realistic elevator operations, including seamless movement between floors, synchronized with a 7-segment display and LED indicators. The simulation model was rigorously tested to ensure accurate and reliable performance, confirming its potential for both educational and practical applications. Comprehensive testing validated the model's performance, confirming its ability to handle multiple scenarios, synchronize hardware components, and manage user inputs with precision. The results demonstrate that the 8051 microcontroller provides a versatile and cost-effective platform for real-time control applications, making it an ideal choice for IT education and experimentation. This research highlights the potential of microcontroller-based simulations to enhance learning outcomes and drive innovations in IT applications, particularly in developing scalable, efficient, and reliable control solutions.

Programming and Debugging of Multi-layer Elevator with Teaching Function

With the development of modern economy and urban life, elevator has become an indispensable means of transportation in people's daily life. The traditional relay elevator control system greatly reduces the reliability and safety of the elevator system due to the large mechanical and electromagnetic inertia of the relay itself. In order to ensure that the elevator operation is efficient, energy-saving, safe and reliable, the elevator control mode must be improved. Programmable logic controller (PLC), developed according to the needs of sequential logic control, is an electronic device for digital operation specially designed for industrial environment application. PLC has fast processing speed and high reliability, which can ensure the normal, safe and reliable operation of the elevator. The elevator controlled by touch screen is convenient and operable, which has become the choice of more and more high-end elevators. Traditional elevator control methods often rely on physical buttons, which are prone to wear and failure after a long time of use, affecting the normal operation of the elevator. The touching screen control mode is more durable, and the operation is more intuitive and easy. Passengers can quickly select their destination floor with just a touch of the screen, greatly enhancing the elevator experience.

Teaching Practice of PLC Programming in Elevator Virtual Simulation Experiment Platform

Virtual simulation technology is now becoming the main focus of the experimental practice teaching link. The article describes how to design the control program of the PLC control system of a single 6-floor elevator based on EETbasic elevator simulation experiment platform and combined with Botou V18 and S7-PLCSIM Advanced V5.0 software under Siemens and apply it to teaching practice. The article first introduces the structure of the elevator system and the characteristics of EETbasic software, as well as the control principle of the elevator control system. Secondly, the settings of the virtual simulation software, the configuration settings of the Boto, and the communication settings between the software are introduced. Then, the modular and structured programming method of a single elevator control program based on FB block is introduced. Finally, the teaching situation and teaching effect of this virtual simulation experimental platform applied for 4 years are introduced. It is finally concluded that this virtual simulation teaching, not only improves the setting of related courses but also has a great promotion effect on students' systematic mastery of theoretical knowledge and enhancement of innovation ability, which can achieve the purpose of improving the quality of teaching.

Code Swarm: A Code Generation Tool based on the Automatic Derivation of Transformation Rule Set

Automatic generation of software code from system design models remains an actively explored research area for the past several years. A number of tools are currently available to facilitate and automate the task of generating code from software models. To the best of our knowledge, existing software tools rely on an explicitly defined transformation rule set to perform the model-to-code transformation process. In this paper, we introduce a novel tool named Code Swarm, abbreviated as CodS, that automatically generates implementation code from system design models by utilizing a swarm-based approach. Specifically, CodS is capable of generating Java code from the class and state models of the software system by making use of the previously solved model-to-code transformation examples. Our tool enables the designers to specify behavioural actions in the input models using the Action Specification Language (ASL). We use an industrial case study of the Elevator Control System (ECS) to perform the experimental validation of our tool. Our results indicate that the code generated by CodS is correct and consistent with the input design models. CodS performs the process of automatic code generation without taking the explicit transformation rule set or languages metamodels’ information as input, which distinguishes it from all the existing automatic code generation tools.

Application of G.hn Broadband Powerline Communication for Industrial Control Using COTS Components

Broadband powerline communication is a technology developed mainly with consumer applications and bulk data transmission in mind. Typical use cases include file download, streaming, or last-mile internet access for residential buildings. Applications gaining momentum are smart metering and grid automation, where response time requirements are relatively moderate compared to industrial (real-time) control. This work investigates to which extent G.hn technology, with existing, commercial off-the-shelf components, can be used for real-time control applications. Maximum packet rate and latency statistics are investigated for different G.hn profiles and MAC algorithms. An elevator control system serves as an example application to define the latency and throughput requirements. The results show that G.hn is a feasible technology candidate for industrial IoT-type applications if certain boundary conditions can be ensured.

Intelligent Security System in A Campus Building Using RFID to Improve Security for Elevator Users

This study aims to develop an intelligent system of elevator access with RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) using fuzzy logic as an intelligent system, a safety controller of elevator doors that will open when the power goes out. This research made an Arduino Uno-based elevator access system with an RFID card using fuzzy logic as an intelligence system and markers for each floor. Each floor has an RFID card that contains the information data of each floor. This research uses research and development (RD) methods with a waterfall development model. The research procedure consists of several stages, namely the requirement analysis stage, design, implementation, testing, operation, and maintenance. Based on the research and development of the elevator control intelligent system, it can be concluded that the intelligent control lift system was developed using a waterfall model. integration and system testing includes RFID-RC522 reading distance testing, component function testing, and RFID response time measurement testing. The test results show that the RFID-RC522 is readable, and the RFID response time is fast. In addition, the components and all features function well as an elevator control system.

Real-Time intelligent Elevator Monitoring and Diagnosis: Case Studies and Solutions with applications using Artificial Intelligence

Under "Industry 4.0", the implementation and application of big data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in the elevator industry has become more and more common. With the surge of the elevator operation data and higher requirements for its real-time performance, the traditional elevator fault monitoring is inaccurate, which needs to be solved urgently. In this paper, a fault monitoring and diagnosis method of elevator based on AI and big data is proposed. Firstly, the elevator system and its fault types and causes are analyzed. Then in order to select the best big data processing tools, the performance of Flink and Spark Streaming is compared. The results show that Flink features faster computing speed and is more suitable for handling big data. Thirdly, a pattern recognition algorithm based on finite state machine (FSM) is proposed to monitor the running state for whole elevator control system. Finally, simulation experiment has been made.

Research on a lift car collision avoidance strategy for a circulatory multipath elevator based on digital twins

To reduce the lateral movement time of elevator passengers in large-span high-rise buildings, a circulatory multipath elevator design scheme is proposed. To reduce the complexity of the circulatory multipath elevator control process due to the increase in the number of lift cars, a circulatory multipath elevator control system framework is established based on digital twin technology. To ensure the safe operation of the elevator, a lift car following model is established, and a circulatory multipath elevator collision avoidance strategy is designed. The lift car collision avoidance strategy can effectively reduce collision accidents in the process of multi lift car operation and ensure the safety of elevator passengers.

Unified temporal logic

This paper proposes a new temporal logic named Unified Temporal Logic (UTL). First, the syntax and semantics of UTL are inductively defined. Further, logic laws in UTL are formalized and proved. Moreover, the normal forms of UTL formulas are defined and proved. To illustrate how to describe properties with UTL, an example of an elevator control system is given. In general, UTL combines the characteristics of Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) and Propositional Projection Temporal Logic (PPTL). So properties involving the “until” construct in LTL and the “chop” construct in PPTL can easily be represented in UTL. In addition, both finite and infinite models (intervals) are supported. With UTL, we are able to specify and verify some practical properties which cannot easily be formalized in LTL and PPTL.

Design of elevator control system based on DE10-Nano board

In today’s society, the elevator has become an indispensable tool in people’s production and life. Due to the obvious advantages of FPGA in digital circuit control system, the control based on FPGA has become one of the most widely used control methods of elevator. DE10-Nano board provides a powerful hardware design platform based on Intel system on chip (SoC) FPGA, which can flexibly and conveniently complete the elevator control function. In this paper, based on DE10-Nano board, the function analysis and design of elevator control system are completed, and the effectiveness of the control system function is verified through time sequence simulation.

Design and Research of Elevator Group Control System Based on PLC

This paper is based on the research of elevator group control system based on PLC, aiming at the phenomenon of elevator in the running process of long time elevator phenomenon, on the basis of improving the utilization of elevator, put forward the overall design structure of elevator group control system, through the communication and control between group control and single elevator, to achieve the unified coordination of elevator scheduling. Considering the riding comfort of passengers, the shortest waiting time of passengers is shortest, and the algorithm of elevator group control scheduling system is analyzed according to the time delay algorithm. At the same time, the elevator control system is analyzed in detail, using PLC to achieve the hardware circuit design, complete the elevator control signal processing, through the inverter control motor operation, to achieve the elevator uplink and downlink. In the design of elevator control software, the overload detection and the delay treatment of the switch door are set up to improve the safety of the elevator, so that the elevator can develop in the direction of intelligent.

Virtual Simulation System with Various Examples and Analysis Tools for Programmable Logic Controller Training

The purpose of this research is to design a virtual educational simulation device as a training aid for the Programmable Logic Controller. This software is equipped with an extensive library of process models to mimic the functional behavior of real factory processes, thus helping students to practice controlling various industrial processes by using various tools from PLC. The advantage of this simulator is that it provides analytical tools to get concise information about the output performance of the controlled system. The method used in this research is the Descriptive Analysis Method which consists of five stages, namely problem identification, literature study, instrument design, implementation, and testing and evaluation. The implementation of this software is based on LabVIEW (Laboratory Laboratory Workbench) on the PC. Exchange of control signals between the actual PLC (any PLC can be used) and the PC via the signal conditioning circuit and the Arduino. The results of this study are that three factory models have been made. The first factory model is a traffic light control system of two adjacent intersections. The second factory model is water level control in the tank. The third factory model is a multi elevator control system. The analysis tools for the first plant is information about the total waiting time of all vehicles passing through the intersection. The analysis tools for the second plant is a system performance graph that is equipped with maximum overshoot, settling time, and steady state error information. The analysis tools for the third plant is the total average floor displacement time of all elevator users. Therefore, this research has succeeded in making a virtual education simulation which, consists of three plant simulations and their analysis tools. The impact of this research is expected to increase students’ understanding of PLC and control techniques.

Methodology for Development of Event-driven Software Systems using CIAO Specification Language

Event-driven software systems, belonging to the class of systems with complex behavior in the scientific literature, are reactive systems, which react to the same input effect in different ways depending on their state and background.
 It is convenient to describe such systems using state-transition models utilizing special language tools, both graphical and textual. Methodology for automated development of systems with complex behavior using the designed CIAO language (Cooperative Interaction of Automata Objects), which allows formally specifying the required behavior based on an informal description of the reacting system, is presented.
 An informal description of a reacting system can be provided verbally in a natural language or in another way adopted in a specific domain. Further, according to this specification in the CIAO language, a software system for interacting automata in the C++ programming language is generated with a special system.
 The generated program implements a behavior guaranteed to correspond to a given specification and original informal description. CIAO provides both graphical and textual notation. Graphic notation is based on an extended notation of state machine diagrams and component diagrams of the unified modeling language UML, which are well established in describing the behavior of event-driven systems.
 The text syntax of the CIAO language is described by context-free grammar in regular form. Automatically generated C++ code allows using of both library and any external functions written manually.
 At the same time, the evident correspondence of the formal specification and the generated code is preserved on conditions that the external functions conform to their specifications.
 As an example, an original solution to D. Knut's problem of a responsive elevator control system is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated, since the automaton-converter generating the C++ code is presented as a responsive system, is specified in the CIAO language and implemented by the bootstrapping. The proposed methodology is compared with other well-known formal methods for describing systems with complex behavior.

Modelization of elevator control system

Elevator is a transport device that is used to move people or goods in vertical direction. In this paper programmable logic based elevator control system is constructed to simulate as an actual lift in real life. Here, a new method for traction based elevator system is introduced which doesn’t need a counterweight. By this method friction along the traction sheave of the elevator can be improved. To reduce friction along the rails bearings are used in the hoisting mechanism. Servo motor (Mitsubishi’s HJ-KS43J) is used as the prime mover for its accurate positioning capability. SIEMENS S7 200 SMART PLC was used for controlling the entire system. PLC is interfaced with hooters, floor switches, indicators and sensors for effective functioning of the elevator system.

Design and research of elevator control system based on PLC

With the gradual popularization of high-rise buildings in China, the elevator control system has also achieved rapid development, and the relevant design is constantly improving and optimizing. For the elevator system, the advantage of PLC control system is that it can use the elevator control system of PLC, and its later maintenance cost is lower. In this paper, the hardware and software design of the elevator control system based on PLC are tested, and the operation of the implementation process is carried out.

Design and Analysis of Elevator Control System Using PLC

A bring isone of the good sized angles in devices manage module in automobile software.For a remarkable many humans living in city groups, lifts have emerge as an crucial piece in their each day lifestyles. Basically said,an improve is a raising or bringing down thing, intended to deliver travelers or shipment, and is provided with a carand diploma that regularly moves in fixed aides and serves at the least landings.This paper typically Centers round utilizing programmable reason controller to control the circuit and constructing the elevate version. HallEffect sensor is applied for the boost role. DC Motor is applied to control the during improvement of theelevator automobile. Push catches are carried out to name the boost vehicle. The raise function is portrayed through utilizing thedisplay unit. On this paper, automobile Station software program stepping stool motive software is implemented for 4 tales control machine.An carry framework is a vertical vehicle that efficaciously actions Humans or products among floors of a shape. They're typically controlled by way of way of electricmotors. The most common carry is the rope boost. Inside the rope carry, the automobile israised and taken down via alternate with metal rope. Lifts additionally have electromagneticbrakes that connect to, while the automobile grinds to a halt. The electromagnetic truly keepsthe brakes in the vacant function. Rather than shutting them with the plan, the brakeswill truely brace close if the bring loses manipulate.

Design of PLC based Elevator Control System

Design of PLC based Elevator Control System

Sensor and Dynamic Pricing Aware Vertical Transportation in Smart Buildings

In modern smart buildings, the electricity consumption of a building is monitored every time and costs differently at each time slot of a day. Smart buildings are also equipped with indoor sensors that can track the movement of human beings. In this paper, we propose a new elevator control system (ECS) that utilizes two kinds of context information in smart buildings: (1) human movements estimated by indoor sensors and (2) dynamic changes of electricity price. In particular, indoor sensors recognize elevator passengers before they press the elevator call buttons, and smart meters inform the dynamically changing price of the electricity to ECS. By using this information, our ECS aims at minimizing both the electricity cost and the waiting time of passengers. As this is a complex optimization problem, we use an evolutionary computation technique based on genetic algorithms (GA). We inject a learning module into the control unit of ECS, which monitors the change of the electricity price and the passengers’ traffic detected by sensors. Experimental results with the simulator we developed show that our ECS outperforms the scheduling configuration that does not consider sensor information or electricity price changes.

Lift Control System Based on PLC

In this paper we are scheming and construct three level elevator control system and increase its steady state & stability by using a (PLC) programmable logic controller (Allen Bradley Micrologix-1400 BXBA) the software used for communication is RSLogix-500/5000 PLC’S [1]. These are useful in industrial automation where numbers of equipments are replaced by contactor and switches. In this paper Elevator is nothing but the vertical carrying device which is used to transfer the goods and peoples. Limit switch is used for the floor suggestion. The limit switch is used for positioning of floor. DC motor is used for movement of elevator filing cabinet. Electromagnetic type relay is used in organize circuit to control elevator in upward and downward track. As the India is developing country and there are wide increase in high rise buildings and malls. Elevator is integral part of infrastructure by implementing such paper we can reduce the human efforts, accident due to breakage of rope, efficiency and speed of elevator is improved. Even the time can be consumed by using such system. This paper mainly concentrates on programmable logic controller to control the circuit and building the elevator model. In this paper Three level efficient elevator control system is designed which can be used for different elevator control system having different number of floors.

Intelligent elevator control and safety monitoring system

Nowadays, China, as the largest market in the global elevator industry, has become a closely related vertical transportation tool. The intelligence, safety and reliability of elevators are becoming a common concern among the state, elevator manufacturers and users[1-3]. In recent years, due to the excessive reliance on traditional technology, the user has caused casualties in the actual use due to improper operation. However, the use of elevators causes many casualties, which can be avoided from a technical point of view. Therefore, in this paper, on the basis of the traditional Internet technology, increase the microprocessor technology, automatic sensing technology, remote control technology, speech recognition technology and the establishment of the elevator safety operation regulation system, put forward the concept of “intelligent elevator” system, this system in practice, will greatly facilitate People’s Daily travel and improve the safety and reliability of the elevator, the elevator more intelligent, better service to the society.