Elements Of Transportation Research Articles

Design and Application of Intelligent Control System for Molten Iron Transportation Based on 5G Technology

Molten transport is an important link in the iron and steel enterprise production, involves many complex factors, artificial management is difficult. Therefore, puts forward a kind of molten iron transport wisdom control system based on 5G technology, which mainly contains the intelligent identification tracking system, equipment status collection information acquisition system, locomotive vehicle terminal system, etc. Combined with the analysis of the actual application situation, the system could integrate all the processes and elements of molten iron production and transportation, realize the integration of operation and management, and also promote the improvement of the turnover efficiency of molten iron tank, reduce the demand for personnel, and reduce the labor cost.

Psychosocial readiness assessment for heart transplant candidates

BackgroundPsychosocial evaluation for transplant suitability is required by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) as a condition of participation for transplant programs. There are no regulations regarding follow-up reassessment for transplant readiness after waitlisting. ObjectivesAn evidence-based pilot project was developed and implemented to evaluate the feasibility of psychosocial readiness assessments for waitlisted heart transplantation candidates. The primary aim was to test the feasibility of these assessments in practice from a patient and programmatic perspective. MethodsDuring a 12-week period, waitlisted outpatients underwent one assessment each. Socioeconomic elements of caregiver support, housing, transportation, and insurance coverage status were assessed by simple using “yes/no” questions. To assess mental health needs, the General Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) tools were utilized. Rescheduled readiness visits and no-show rates were measured. A post-implementation Qualtrics survey was administered to measure team member perceptions of feasibility. ResultsA total of 57 patients were assessed during the 12-week period. The primary aim of feasibility was achieved with 93 % of visits performed with freedom from rescheduling or patient no-show to the visit. Additionally, 75 % of team members reported the readiness assessments were feasible to complete in practice. ConclusionsAddressing the non-medical and mental health needs of waitlisted heart transplant patients allows transplant programs to maintain candidates with necessary resources and care. The readiness assessments are feasible in practice and may serve to reduce untoward outcomes in the post-transplant phase by providing targeted care prior to the time of transplant.

Coordination analysis of flood-sediment transportation, eco-environment, and socio-economy coupling in the governance of the Yellow River Basin system

The watershed system has a complex game relationship between the benign operation and coordinated development of various elements of flood-sediment transportation, eco-environment, and socio-economy (FES). With the increasing breadth, depth, and intensity of human activities in watersheds, it is urgent to coordinate the FES. The relationship of water–sediment in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) is complex, with a prominent contradiction in water supply and a fragile ecosystem. This research tries to build a comprehensive evaluation model for FES and explore the complex interaction between FES in the YRB from 2000 to 2020. The results demonstrated that (1) the comprehensive flood-sediment transportation index (CFTI) and comprehensive eco-environment index (CEI) presented fluctuating growth. In contrast, the comprehensive socio-economy index (CSI) revealed a linear growth trend. The CFTI of Sanmenxia, CEI of Toudaokuan, and CSI of Ningxia had the highest growth rates, with 36.03%, 6.48%, and 107.5%, respectively. (2) FES's positive and negative effects were alternating, with heterogeneity in both time and space. (3) The coupling coordination degree (CCD) in the YRB indicated an increasing trend, ranging from 0.53 to 0.87, from reluctantly coordinated development to good coordinated development. The lagging subsystem was CFTI (2000–2001 and 2008–2020) and CSI (2002–2007), and the CEI was not lagging. (4) Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) demonstrated significant differences in the CCD of the YRB, and areas with similar CCD within the basin tend to be centrally distributed in space. At the same time, there was negative spatial autocorrelation in coordination. The results provide a scientific theoretical and methodological framework for strategic research on the YRB system's governance, protection, and management.

A Survey of Deep Learning Road Extraction Algorithms Using High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images.

Roads are the fundamental elements of transportation, connecting cities and rural areas, as well as people's lives and work. They play a significant role in various areas such as map updates, economic development, tourism, and disaster management. The automatic extraction of road features from high-resolution remote sensing images has always been a hot and challenging topic in the field of remote sensing, and deep learning network models are widely used to extract roads from remote sensing images in recent years. In light of this, this paper systematically reviews and summarizes the deep-learning-based techniques for automatic road extraction from high-resolution remote sensing images. It reviews the application of deep learning network models in road extraction tasks and classifies these models into fully supervised learning, semi-supervised learning, and weakly supervised learning based on their use of labels. Finally, a summary and outlook of the current development of deep learning techniques in road extraction are provided.

Формирование образа региона как основа для его позиционирования в условиях конкуренции

The article delves into the topical issues related to the formation of the region’s image as a basis for its posi-tioning in a competitive environment. The role of this phenomenon for the economic development of territories, its progress and positioning in a highly competitive environment is considered. The types of region’s image are highlighted. The main properties of the region’s image are revealed. It has been determined that the image of a region is presented as a combination of group and individual ideas, including the subjective attitude of different population groups towards their region. The key aspects of the region’s image promotion are characterized, the algorithm of its creation process is formalized. It is emphasized that the considered construct consists of many components, in particular, elements of economy, science, media, culture, sports, regional policy, architecture, health care, public utilities and transportation, geographical features, historical heritage, the consideration of which in the construction of the image of the region provides the comprehensiveness and purposefulness of marketing actions. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the image of the region provides the formation of the region’s image aimed at developing various aspects of life of a particular territory – history, traditions, coopera-tion with other regions.

The 5G revolution: Tackling challenges in smart cities and intelligent transportation systems

<div><p>The use of cutting-edge technology and data systems to increase the effectiveness, safety, and environmental responsibility of transport networks is known as intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In order to improve many elements of transportation, ITS incorporates a wide range of technologies, including sensors, communication networks, data analytics, and robots. By addressing the shortcomings of the current 4G network, the next mobile technology, 5G, challenges the electronic communication environment as it stands. By allowing a large number of concurrent connections and networks ubiquitous, even in high mobility scenarios or densely inhabited places, such Smart trains and smart cities (SC) are made possible by cutting-edge technology a new approach of becoming fully integrated. According to this strategy; 5G will enable the true Internet of Things (IoT) and its related automobiles on the World Wide Web (WWW). This conversation attempts to thoroughly explain how 5G wireless networks will impact urban smart transport networks, including semi-autonomous or self-driving cars, and automotive communication over the coming years, as well as any technical, economical, and regulatory issues.</p></div>

Emission and environmental cost estimation of ferries operating in Lake Van

Ships, which are the essential elements of maritime transportation, have an indispensable role in world freight and passenger transportation. Besides sea routes, the role played by ships in inland water transport is also very important. In addition to these important economic effects, ships are also a major pollutant source. These emissions have negative effects on human health, cities, and the environment, as well as causing atmospheric pollution. Lake Van is Turkey's largest inland lake, with an area of ​​3,713 km2, and is an important inland waterway, with an active ferry network operating between Van and Tatvan-Bitlis. In this study, emission calculations of these ferries operating in Lake Van were carried out; it was aimed to develop an emission inventory for ship-related air pollution on Lake Van. Additionally, the environmental (social) costs of these emissions were estimated to assess the total impacts. One year of ship operation data was used for the calculations, and the engine power method was preferred, according to the available data. According to the calculations, the ship-originated emission inventory on Lake Van was determined to be 36,140.54, 107.84, 29.15, 17.49, 990.95, and 11.66 t for CO2, SO2, CO, HC, NOx, and PM, respectively. The total environmental costs of these emissions were calculated to be 40,046,340 €. These results are important in terms of determining the environmental effects of transportation activities in Lake Van, which have not been studied before. Highlights The study covers the emission and environmental cost estimation of maritime transportation in Lake Van The total emissions are estimated at 37,297.63 t The total environmental cost is estimated at 40,046,340 € It is recommended that IMO regulations should strictly implemented in inland waters

Accident Severity Estimation from Environmental Factors with the Proposed Dataset Separation Method

Traffic accidents can be thought of as being the whole combination of events that usually occur due to reasons caused by humans, vehicles, roadway, and environment, which are the basic elements of transportation, and these events most likely result in injuries, death, and huge financial damage. In this study, by making use of a dataset, received from the New Zealand Transportation Agency, it is estimated whether or not traffic accidents occurring on roads end up with minor or serious damage. Predictions are made by exploiting machine learning algorithms. A new method has been proposed for separating the dataset and the classification success results made in this way gave the most successful scores by 89%. Based on the high performance rates, it is shown that such methods can be used to assist in preventing possible traffic accidents

Abstract 9446: Psychosocial Readiness Assessment for Heart Transplant Candidates

Background: Psychosocial evaluation for heart transplant suitability has long been required by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services as a condition of participation for transplant programs in the US. There is no regulation regarding follow-up psychosocial care and re-assessment of patients waitlisted for transplantation. Heart transplant candidates require a thorough initial evaluation of multiple psychosocial factors and are at risk of negative outcomes with mental health problems and/or unstable socioeconomic resources. Purpose: A descriptive surveillance quality improvement project was developed to evaluate the effects of psychosocial readiness assessments for waitlisted United Network for Organ Sharing status 3, 4, and 5 adult heart transplant candidates in the outpatient setting, addressing basic socioeconomic needs and mental wellness in preparation for transplantation. Methods: To determine acceptability, rescheduled readiness visits and no-show rates were measured. A post-implementation period Qualtrics RM survey was administered to measure team member perceptions of feasibility. Socioeconomic elements of caregiver support, housing, transportation, and insurance status were assessed by simple using “yes/no” questions. The General Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 were used to assess anxiety and depression, respectively. Results: Fifty-seven patients were assessed during the 12-week period. The primary aim of feasibility was achieved with 93% of visits performed with freedom from rescheduling or patient no-show. Seventy five percent of team members reported the readiness assessments were achievable. More than twenty-four percent (24.56%) of patients required follow-up from a transplant Social Worker with 94.74% of those referrals due solely to elevated mental health questionnaire scores. Conclusion: Addressing non-medical and mental health needs in waitlisted heart transplant patients allows transplant programs to maintain candidates with necessary resources. The readiness assessments are feasible in practice and may serve to reduce untoward outcomes in the post-transplant phase by providing targeted care prior to the time of transplant.

Evaluation of the Effects of Air Cargo Transportation on Global Competitiveness

Global competitiveness has become just as crucial in the rapidly growing world economy. For this reason, the problem of delivering the products to the consumer at the right place and time has become indispensable to survive in the global market and has brought the logistics factor to the fore. One of these logistics activities, the transportation sector, ensures that human needs are met at the desired place and on time. It has become essential to deliver products to target markets faster and safer than their competitors, and airplanes have been used in cargo and passenger transportation. The rapid technological change has also led to aircraft development used in cargo transportation. Thus, air cargo transportation, which is less risky and faster than other transportation modes, has come to the fore in time-bound and valuable goods. The main purpose of this study, which is carried out with the qualitative research method, is to determine and evaluate the effects of air cargo transportation on global competitiveness. In the study, firstly, the concept of air cargo transportation tried to be explained. Then, the literature review created the background of the study. In this context, the development process of air cargo transportation was discussed in terms of its historical, corporate, and economic development. Then, the types of aircraft used, airports, and cargo companies operating on a global scale, which are the elements of air cargo transportation, were examined. In addition to the high capacity and fuel efficiency produced by the current technology of the aircraft, the issue of further reduction of costs due to capacity increase by optimizing the loading problem has been mentioned. Finally, by analyzing the findings, the effects of air cargo transportation on global competitiveness were discussed and evaluated, and suggestions were made to increase this power. This article, which is a direct study on the effects of air cargo transportation on global competitiveness, is crucial as it will contribute to the literature.

EVALUATION OF THE SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF THE HISTORIC CLANDRAS BRIDGE

Historical masonry arch bridges are one of the most important structures that convey the cultural heritage of past civilizations to the present. Historical masonry arch bridges were one of the most important elements of transportation and architecture in the past. These structures can be damaged by many natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, etc. from the past to the present. It is necessary to carry out the necessary studies in order to protect these bridges as they were built and to transfer them safely to future generationsIt is clear that determining the earthquake behavior of these bridges, which are exposed to different geometrical properties, materials and loading conditions, will increase the effectiveness of the strengthening works to be done. In this study, the seismic behavior of the Uşak Clandras Bridge, which is a historical masonry arch bridge, was investigated by linear and non-linear time history analysis. Firstly, the 3D model of the masonry bridge was created with the Abaqüs program. To simulate the more real behavior of the structure, a detailed survey was carried out. For the characteristic features of the materials used in the bridge, studies in the literature were taken into consideration. Acceleration records of 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake were used in dynamic analyses.

ASSESMENT OF TICKET PRICE FORECASTING IN TURKEY

Fast, reliable and comfortable transportation of people increases the level of livability in cities. It also influences people's quality of life. Therefore, researches are needed to improve transportation services. Various models are developed to analyze the transportation services but each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. Today, companies collect large amounts of data to improve their service quality. To survive in competition environment, they must use the collected data in order to create value for their customers and employees. There are many factors that affect the transportation services. Therefore, it is difficult to solve the problems in transportation services using classical methods. The main goal of our study is to determine the bus ticket price accurately. In this study, k-means algorithm, which is popular because of its simplicity and versatility, is firstly used to discover more meaningful information. Then the price, which is one of the most important elements of passenger transportation, is forecasted using six different forecasting model including linear regression, support vector regression, regression tree, gaussian process regression, genetic algorithm based artificial neural network, and ensemble model. The results of this study showed that proposed forecasting models can meet expectations in dynamic environmental conditions.

A case study of using median as an alternative for signal controlled intersection

In major cities signalizing is more complicated problem at the intersection. The design of the signal is also toughest one especially four road meeting in the intersection. On that junction, the calm period of the vehicle is also high and it takes more time for crossing and moving of the vehicles. It leads to traffic congestion and accidents. This paper aims to design the medians over the signals injunction to control the traffic flow and ensure the continuous flow of the vehicles without waiting at the junction. Traffic flow rate at junctions may be controlled by considering the elements of transportation and social, political, economic considerations of the region. For this project, we analysed the traffic flow in the main junction where the movement of vehicle is higher and planned to remove the signals in the junction and construct the medians and pedestrian crossing bridge to control the traffic.

Examining the impact of relational benefits on continuance intention of PBS services: mediating roles of user satisfaction and engagement

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the dimensionality of relational benefits in public bike sharing (PBS) and explore the mediating role of user satisfaction and engagement on the linkage between relational benefits and continuance intention.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a mixed method approach. Data were collected using convenience sampling technique from 411 users of PBS in Bhubaneswar, India. In the first part of the study, in-depth interviews were conducted to identify a set of relational benefits for scale development. In the second part, CB-SEM was used to establish the reliability and validity of the scale and test the hypotheses linking relational benefits with user satisfaction, engagement and continuance intention.FindingsThe analysis suggests that relational benefit is a second order construct having five distinct yet related dimensions namely economic, convenience, environmental, identity related and health and safety benefits. Also, the impact of relational benefits on continuance intention is positively and significantly mediated through user satisfaction and engagement.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is conducted in only one Indian city and is limited to PBS, which, is one of the elements of green transportation and does not cover other modes of transportation. Therefore, generalization of findings beyond this region and the mode of transportation should be done with caution.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the extant management literature by examining the mediating role of user satisfaction and engagement on the linkage between relational benefits and continuance intention which is an unexplored area of research. The study adds to existing knowledge by exploring the dimensionality of relational benefits in PBS context.

Infrastructure, mobility and safety 4.0: Modernization in road transportation

This study explores the modernization of road-based technologies for the enhancement of mobility while also implementing safer transportation. Mobility plays a critical role in everyday life on a micro and a macro scale combined. Modernization in mobility would enable establishment of a sustainable, digitalized and informed society. The inclusion of AI/ML to enhance road environment, curbing driver distraction, adopting electric vehicles, and integrating low power computing units in vehicular networks are among the potential recommendations for strengthening the evolving digital road architecture. The current ecosystem surrounding road safety and mobility can be boosted even further upon integrating products of modern technology into the classical elements of transportation. Modern technologies are classified and perceptually investigated by realizing the current challenges and proposing seamless potential extensions to the existing infrastructure from each domain. Techno-administrative concepts like the regulation of individual risk profiles for achieving a safer road environment are addressed.

Performance evaluation of privatized ports by entropy based TOPSIS and ARAS approach

PurposePorts are the key elements of maritime transportation, which is crucial for world trade. Approximately 180 port facilities are located in Turkey. After 2007, 5 of the ports, which are formerly owned by Turkish Republic Railways Administration (TRRA), are privatized. The aim of the study is to evaluate the performance of these privatized ports by multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach.Design/methodology/approachThe application process is performed by a MCDM model. This model includes both criteria (dry bulk, liquid bulk, general cargo, container, RO-RO capacity, total port area, total berth, total berths length and depth) and alternatives (Mersin, Samsun, Bandirma, Iskenderun and Derince Ports). It determines the weights of the criteria by entropy and ranks the alternatives by ARAS and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods.FindingsThe results of entropy, ARAS and TOPSIS methods are compared. According to these results, “container” is the most important criteria while Mersin port has the best performance.Originality/valueIn the literature, most of the studies about this subject were analyzed by data envelopment analysis (DEA) and there are no studies had been taken into consideration ports that are owned by TRRA, in Turkey. Moreover, few of these studies used integrated MCDM models, and this is the first study that integrates entropy, ARAS and TOPSIS methods in this field.

Study on Construction of Safety Management Capability Model of Dangerous Goods Transportation for Aviation Logistics Enterprises

To clarify the mutual relations and structure attributes of safety management capability elements of dangerous goods transportation for aviation logistics enterprises, safety management capability analysis method coupled by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and DEMATEL is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the conceptual model of safety management capability of dangerous goods transportation for aviation logistics enterprises which takes into account of emergence was established based on existing researches of safety management capability, and the composition elements were confirmed. Secondly, for the defects of traditional DEMATEL method, AHP-based and improved DEMATEL method was constructed. Finally, importance judgment matrix of factors influencing safety management capability of dangerous goods transportation for aviation logistics enterprises was gained through questionnaire inquiry. Meanwhile, the mutual relations of capability factors were confirmed through the centrality and reasons. The research result shows that, the method can be used to analyze safety management capability of dangerous goods transportation for aviation logistics enterprises and construct the structural model.

COVID-19 and household energy implications: what are the main impacts on energy use?

This study explores the impacts of COVID-19 on household energy use. Some of these impacts are associated with longer-term energy demand changes and some could just be temporary. The study intends to present the results of a small pilot study conducted in China, by addressing household energy use. The samples are from 352 households and particularly focus on primary energy use in three periods of pre-pandemic (and pre-lockdown), start of COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown, and post lockdown. Each period is identified as a timeframe of 2.5 months, from November 2019 to late June 2020. The samples of this study highlight the primary implications of energy use, some that are understood as interim changes and some that may appear to be more prolonged. The results from the study highlight a variety of impacts on household energy use as well as prolonged impacts on transportation use. The primary household energy use are assessed in six fundamental elements of (1) transportation for commuting and leisure (for both private and public modes), (2) cooking, (3) entertainment, (4) heating and cooling, (5) lighting, and (6) the others. The results are summarized in three sections focused on major impacts on transportation use (comparison between private and public modes), cooking and entertainment, heating/cooling and lighting. The results could provide early suggestions for cities/regions that are experiencing longer lockdown. Furthermore, this study provides insights for larger-scale research in assessing household energy use/demand during times of health emergency and crises, such as the event of a pandemic.

TARİHİ YIĞMA BİR KÖPRÜNÜN DEPREM DAVRANIŞININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Tarihi yığma kemerli köprüler eski dönemlerden beri geçmiş uygarlıkların kültürel mirasını günümüze aktaran en önemli yapılardan biridir. Tarihi yığma kemerli köprüler geçmişte ulaşım, ticaret ve mimarinin en önemli unsurlarından biridir. Ancak yeni yapı malzemelerinin ve yapım yöntemlerinin gelişmesiyle günümüzde artık yığma kemerli köprüler inşa edilmemektedir. Bu yapılar deprem, sel, yangın ve savaşlar gibi dış etkenlerle zarar görebilmektedir. Ülkemizde de tarihi köprüler gibi geçmişi günümüze bağlayan önemli mühendislik yapılarının mevcut durumlarının tespit edilerek geleceğe güvenle devredilmesi amacıyla çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel hedefi tarihi yığma kemerli bir köprünün lineer dinamik analizlerini gerçekleştirerek köprünün deprem etkisi altındaki davranışını incelemektir. Bu amaçla tek açıklıklı yığma kemerli bir köprü sayısal örnek olarak ele alınmıştır. Köprünün 3 boyutlu sonlu elemanlar modeli ANSYS sonlu elemanlar programı ile makro modelleme yaklaşımı dikkate alınarak oluşturulmuştur. Lineer dinamik analizlerde köprünün bulunduğu konum da göz önünde bulundurularak 2011 Simav ve 2002 Sultandağı depremlerine ait ivme kayıtları sismik etki olarak kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerden köprüye ait yer değiştirmeler ve maksimum-minimum asal gerilmeler elde edilmiş ve köprünün sismik tepkileri değerlendirilmiştir.

SETTING PRIORITY LIST FOR CONSTRUCTION WORKS OF BICYCLE PATH SEGMENTS BASED ON ECKENRODE RATING AND ARAS-F DECISION SUPPORT METHOD INTEGRATED IN GIS

Bicycling and walking are essential elements of sustainable transportation. These transportation modes effectively reduce the negative environmental impacts of transport and improve the quality of life. It is not only recognized by governments but also naturally become more prevalent in modern society. Nowadays research on bicycling and interest in related topics is dramatically increasing, but while researchers focus on modern technologies and collecting data from portable devices, there are quite a few studies on the effectiveness of investments in bicycle infrastructure, and even less discussed is a question how to set the priorities for construction works of the bicycle path network. To fill this gap this paper presents the universal method of ranking the priorities for development and renewal of bicycle pathway segments. The process is realized by hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) Additive Ratio ASsessment with Fuzzy (ARAS-F) model, based on Eckenrode rating. Given criteria and their weights apply only to the specifics of this case study, and it need adaptation if used for other territories. Presented case study gives insight into the task of upgrading bicycle networks – how to overcome the inequalities, fragmentation and build missing links. Developed hybrid MCDM model integrated into Geographic Information System (GIS) allows quickly find rationally balanced solutions and develop bicycle network in efficient way.