Total Quality Management Elements Research Articles

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Total quality management is not a new concept. However, it is widely accepted as the fundamental business issue of the 1990s. Companies have started to realize the potential of TQM as a means of ensuring high quality products and services. With this realization has come implementation in rnanufacturing and service companies. Construction companies, like any other business, must provide a top quality finished product to its customer if it intends to stay in business. TQM is one way to work to that errd. Ihe objective of this paper is to review the concept, definition, importance, principles, and elements of total quality management.

Peran Kepuasan Kerja dalam Memediasi Pengaruh Total Quality Management terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Pada PT. Bali Daksina Wisata

Company performance is the overall appearance of the company's work as measured by predetermined standards. These standards can be achieved if the company is able to maintain the quality of the products produced. One way to maintain this quality is by implementing Total Quality Management (TQM). The purpose of implementing TQM is to improve service quality in the hope of meeting and satisfying the needs and expectations of target customers. Customer expectations can be created if there is job satisfaction from employees. Thus, this study aims to examine the effect of implementing TQM elements on Company Performance mediated by Job Satisfaction at PT Bali Daksina Wisata (BDW). This research was conducted at PT.BDW, the sample used was all company employees totalling 60 people with a saturated sampling method (cencus method). Data collection uses a survey approach, with the research instruments used are interviews, questionnaires and observations. The data that has been collected is then processed using path analysis techniques. The analysis results show that TQM is able to influence Company Performance mediated by Job Satisfaction positively and significantly. Based on the results of this study, the company should increase employee job satisfaction again because the resulting effect is quite low.

The Importance of Customer Focus on the Institutional Performance of Private Universities in Kenya

Institutions of higher learning (universities) have gradually adopted the total quality management (TQM) system to ensure quality product offerings and achieve competitive advantage. Universities in sub-Sahara Africa are vehicles of economic and human development through the provision of a trained labour force and research output. These organisations face elevated environmental dynamism in the provision of quality education. Due to conceptual gaps in the application of TQM in universities in SSA, the study assessed the critical importance of customer focus on the institutional performance of private universities in Kenya. The study employed a descriptive research design and targeted seventeen (17) privately chartered universities founded by religious-based institutions in Kenya. The study used a census sampling technique and randomly sampled 17 heads of administrative sections, functional departments and academic sections. Questionnaires were used as a primary tool for data collection, with the instrument being piloted at Carlile College, Kenya. Cronbach's Alpha reliability testing indicated that the instrument achieved scale reliability. The study employed both descriptive and inferential analysis. Institutional performance significantly and positively correlates with the customer focus (r = 0.580, p < 0.05) and explains 33.61 % of variations in institutional performance with an effect size of β1 = 0.5132 (t = 10.04, p< 0.05). The findings showed that customer focus as an element of TQM significantly influences the institutional performance of these universities. The study recommends that these universities inculcate and institutionalise customer-focused practices during the implementation of quality assurance. This study is of significance to the stakeholders in privately – chartered universities in Kenya and related contexts, as it will offer more enriching information on total quality management

The Role of the Elements of Total Quality Management in Improving Banking Services) Applied Study at Khaleeji Commercial Bank)

The research aims to demonstrate the importance of adopting the philosophy of total quality management in improving banking services and identifying the dimensions of total quality management in banking institutions. As for its importance, it is manifested through the knowledge, understanding and application of total quality management by providing the requirements for the application of this philosophy in banking institutions according to recent developments in information technology in order to be able to improve their performance. The analytical study approach was adopted in the research and the use of the questionnaire tool in the study curriculum was adopted to analyze the opinions of the research sample that were applied in al Khaleeji Commercial Bank regarding the elements of total quality management available in the organization in question. Through the use of some statistical methods in the analysis, which are the extraction of frequencies, arithmetic mean and standard deviation normative as well as materiality. The research hypotheses were tested by using the correlation coefficient and simple regression model. The most important conclusions that the research reached is the importance of applying total quality in any organization because it can achieve an increase in competitive capabilities and support for a culture of quality and continuous improvement. To take advantage of the opportunities available to the organization through the application of scientific methods and tools that contribute to identifying problems and finding appropriate treatments for them. As well as the existence of a moral, linear relationship between the elements of total quality management and the improvement of banking services. The research came out with recommendations, including that organizations should work to promote and disseminate the culture and concepts of quality in all aspects of their work and to enhance and develop the capabilities of individuals working in this regard. The research came out with recommendations, including that organizations should work to promote and disseminate the culture and concepts of quality in all aspects of their work. Enhancing and developing the capabilities of individuals working on this can help for the continuous development and improvement of banking services provided to customers.

A Literature Review of Total Quality Management Practices in Malaysia and Indonesia Schools

The rapid growth of information and technology has encouraged all organizations including school organizations to adopt a quality management called Total Quality Management (TQM). The practice of TQM in Malaysian and Indonesian schools shows similarities and differences. Therefore, this research seeks to explore some of the TQM models and elements that are applied in Malaysian and Indonesian schools. Using a qualitative literature study approach, this study uncovers the models and elements of TQM practiced in Malaysian and Indonesian schools. The TQM models found are the Deming model (PDCA), Quality Circles (QC), Total Quality Control (TQC). The elements of TQM that are practiced include leadership, employee commitment, continuous improvement, employee involvement, training, and customer satisfaction. The difference is that the TQM that is practiced in Malaysian schools found the Crosby "zero defect" model, meanwhile, in Indonesian schools found the Control Chart (CC) Model. The TQM element in the form of problem solving in Malaysian schools is proven to be able to train students' thinking skills, creativity, and innovation. Therefore, Indonesian schools need to adopt it in classroom learning.

The Influence of Teamwork in the Implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) on Customer Satisfaction

Total Quality Management (TQM) is one of strategies that used to raise the caliber of healthcare services and customer satisfaction nowadays. Teamwork is the primary metric for TQM implementation. The major goals of this study are to examine current research on TQM teamwork in hospital health services and to determine how TQM teamwork is used. In this study, recent scientific articles that published between 2018 until 2023 were systematically summarized using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The conclusion of this journal article shows that teamwork is a crucial element of TQM since a strong team may boost independence, communication, and self-assurance while successfully attaining shared objectives.

Analisis Penerapan Unsur Total Quality Management (TQM) pada Unit Rekam Medis di Puskesmas Guntung Manggis

Puskesmas is a health service facility that organizes public health efforts and individual health efforts at the first level, by prioritizing promotive and preventive efforts in their working areas. To be able to realize superior quality health services, health institutions must implement and implement TQM. The purpose of this study is to implement the elements of Total Quality Management (TQM) at the Guntung Manggis Health Center based on teamwork, education and training and continuous system improvement. This type of research is descriptive research. The sample in this study were medical record officers, totaling 5 people. The implementation of the Total Quality Management element based on teamwork at the Guntung Manggis Health Center, namely the element of teamwork has been implemented and carried out. The implementation of the Total Quality Management based on education and training at the Guntung Manggis Health Center, namely the educational element with a D3 background in medical records, is only 1 person and training has been implemented through seminars, training and development which are attended by every employee in the medical record unit to grow knowledge, abilities and employee skills. The implementation of the Total Quality Management element based on a continuous system at the Guntung Manggis Health Center, namely the element of continuous system improvement has been implemented but there are still obstacles, namely the lack of improvement of supporting facilities (facilities and infrastructure) for services at the health center.

Impact of organizational citizenship behavior on corporate sustainability through the mediation of TQM: focus on the textile industry in Bangladesh

PurposeThis study investigates the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), total quality management (TQM), and corporate sustainability (CS). Specifically, the authors propose that TQM mediates the relationship between OCB and CS. The authors intend to demonstrate that TQM practice may be able to balance the interests of all stakeholders and hence improve the performance of all three CS elements, namely economic, social and environmental.Design/methodology/approachThe authors designed a survey questionnaire. The authors then collected data from managers that were in charge of quality control in 216 companies. Hypotheses were developed and regression and path analyses were used to test the hypotheses.FindingsOCB has a positive effect on both TQM and CS. TQM also is positively related to CS. Further, TQM mediates the relationship between OCB and CS. Further analyses show that the full mediation only applies to economic aspects of CS but not social and environmental.Practical implicationsCompanies that aim to achieve overall CS performance should not only encourage OCB in an organization, but also pay attention to TQM. Moreover, when deciding on hard and soft TQM, the priority should be given to hard TQM.Originality/valueThe authors investigate the relationship between OCB, TQM and CS in detail. The authors treat TQM in two elements of soft TQM and hard TQM while treating CS performance in three elements of economic, social and environmental performances. The authors further examine how both hard and soft TQM impacts CS performance differently.

Leveraging the hard and soft elements of TQM: the interplay of benchmarking and improvement processes

PurposeThis study aims to analyze how the interplay between hard and soft elements of total quality management (TQM) produces the conditions for sustaining success in the quest for quality.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative analysis (Gioia method) was carried out on an original dataset collected through both direct and indirect methods (i.e. archival sources, interviews and observations) to generate a new interpretive framework.FindingsThe interpretative framework identifies four categories of elements: trigger elements create the starting conditions for a quality virtuous cycle; benchmarking tools set the standards of performance; improvement tools enable exploration of the space of possible alternative practices and finally, catalytic forces allow the institutionalization of effective techniques discovered in this search process into new standards.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings the authors present in this paper are derived by a single case study, limiting the generalizability of our results in other settings.Practical implicationsThis study has three implications: first, the design of trigger elements is critical for the success of any TQM initiative; second, the interplay of improvement and benchmarking tools at several levels should be coherent and third, to exploit the potential of TQM, efforts should be devoted to the dissemination of new effective practices by means of catalyzing elements.Originality/valueThe model provides a more specific understanding of the nature and purpose of the hard and soft elements of TQM and the dynamic interaction between the two classes of elements over time.

The Role of Soft Total Quality Management Towards Operational Performance at PT SIER

Every firm needs to adapt in the global business environment so that can still sustain in the midst of intense competition. One of the tools that can be used is using soft Total Quality Management (TQM). The purpose of this research is to analyse the role of soft TQM implementation towards operational performance at PT Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER). The variables that are used are soft TQM elements, that is, top management commitment, continuous improvement, training and education, customer focus, process management, workforce management, and supplier relationship. This research uses quantitative method through questionnaire. The population in this research are PT SIER employees with the level of position as an officer from logistics, SIER strategic business unit, and supporting service division. The sampling technique that is used is proportional stratified random sampling that then results the total sample of 72 people. Data is analysed using SEM-PLS method with SmartPLS 3 software. Based on the results of the research can be concluded that from all elements of soft TQM only top management commitment, customer focus, and supplier relationship that are found have positive and significant effect towards operational performance at PT SIER. Keywords: total quality management, soft total quality management, quality management, operational performance, industrial estate

Implementation Of Total Quality Management (TQM) In Improving The Quality Of Graduates Through Counseling At SMAN 3 Pasuruan

Total Quality Management (TQM) is currently used at every level of education. The existence of the TQM concept can be applied as an alternative solution for improving the quality of graduates at SMAN 3 Pasuruan. The counselor also plays a very large role in supporting the implementation of TQM in improving the quality of graduates, because it can provide information and motivate students to be able to continue their studies to the tertiary level. The purpose of this research is to determine the implementation of TQM in improving the quality of graduates through guidance and counseling. This research method uses a qualitative method with data collection using the Miles and Huberman approach, namely data presentation, data reduction, inference, and verification. The results of the study state that three elements of TQM can be implemented at SMAN 3 Pasuruan, namely customer focus, continuous process improvement, and total involvement and empowerment. This research is expected to help SMAN 3 Pasuruan in improving the quality of graduates by implementing total quality management and role support as well as counselor.

The Effect of Total Quality Management in Organizational Performance- A Case Study of National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD)

Pakistan has been one of the fastest-growing economies in developing countries. Therefore, it is not surprising that the healthcare industry is also expanding rapidly. In the past two decades, Pakistan's healthcare industry has risen astoundingly. This study seeks to determine the extent to which TQM has been implemented in Pakistan's healthcare sector, as well as how it influences and is influenced by organizational effectiveness. Numerous TQM characteristics and organizational performances were analyzed to achieve this objective, and the results were analyzed to determine how well they were utilized. To achieve this objective, research was conducted on several facets of TQM, including organizational leadership, customer satisfaction, and customer relationships, emphasizing human resources. Also, structural equation modeling was utilized to examine the relationships between TQM elements and an organization's performance (SEM). The primary objective of this study is to investigate how Total Quality Management (TQM) influences the performance of healthcare institute. The research was conducted with the assistance of National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD). This research utilized both primary and secondary data to determine the extent to which pharmaceutical businesses had implemented TQM.

Quality Management in Indonesia Maritime Education: Is it well implemented?

The adoption of Total Quality Management (TQM) in educational institutions has not been thoroughly optimized, resulting in a wide range of results. This study aims to determine the key features of TQM used by maritime education and training institutes in Indonesia and the results. This study used descriptive quantitative methodologies using eleven institutions, the most extensively used TQM elements as measuring variables, and the findings. The respondents are 16 members of the institution's quality management team. Strategic quality planning (5.99), information and analysis (5.90), involvement of teaching staff and employees (5.86), knowledge and training (5.80), leadership and top management commitment (5.76), and process management were found to be the most often used TQM elements (5.76). Meanwhile, the most significant results of TQM implementation in the sample institutions were improving operational performance (6.06), teaching staff and employee satisfaction (5.90), and customer satisfaction (5.79). This study adds to the empirical literature on TQM in Indonesian maritime educational institutions by identifying the most often used TQM elements and the result achieved.

Modelling Total Quality Management in the Malaysian Composite Manufacturing Industry

This paper investigates the enabler factors of total quality management (TQM) practices for a composite manufacturing company in Melaka, Malaysia. Leadership (L), training and education (TE), supplier management (SM), customer focus (CF), benchmarking (B), continuous improvement (CI), employee relations (ER), and strategic planning (SP) were considered in this paper. They are the critical TQM elements that influence TQM processes (Y). A questionnaire was used to collect data from 27 employees of a composite manufacturing company in Melaka, Malaysia and analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Five out of the eight hypotheses positively fit with the conceptual model and show a positive effect of TQM practices. The research findings indicate that enabler factors, namely leadership (L), continuous improvement (CI), supplier management (SM), benchmarking (B) and strategic planning (SP), have positive and significant effects on successful TQM practices. This study would benefit managers significantly to increase strategic planning, supply chain management, and benchmarking through TQM practices.

Application experience of a rapid nucleic acid detection system for COVID-19

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is raging worldwide. The COVID-19 outbreak caused severe threats to the life and health of all humans caused by SARS-CoV-2. Clinically, there is an urgent need for an in vitro diagnostic product to detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid quickly. Under this background, commercial SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid POCT products came into being. However, how to choose these products and how to use these products in a standardized way have brought new puzzles to clinical laboratories. This paper focuses on evaluating the performance of these commercial SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid POCT products and helps the laboratory make the correct choice. At the same time, to standardize the use of this kind of product, this paper also puts forward corresponding suggestions from six elements of total quality management, namely, human, machine, material, method, environment, and measurement. In addition, this paper also puts forward some ideas on the future development direction of POCT products.

Unlocking the black box between TQM practices and organisational performance through learning capability and market orientation: insight from Pakistan's textile sector

The enduring debate to resolve the intricacy between total quality management elements and performance is yet to be concluded. Relying on the resource-based view of the firm, the current study addresses this issue by adding organisation learning capability and market orientation as contingent factors between total quality management practices and performance. The data was collected from the managers of 270 textile firms through questionnaires. The results reveal that parallel mediation of both organisational learning capability and market orientation is fully supported. The current study extends the total quality management research and contributes by providing a new mechanism between the total quality management and organisational performance. These novel findings provide new dimensions for policymakers to consider motivational factors (learning orientation and market orientation) along with total quality management elements for elevating the performance of their organisations.

IMPLEMENTATION OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION: AN EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS ACHIEVED BY THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a way of managing everything in an organization or institution in order to get the level of excellence. The present study is conducted to investigate the implementation of TQM elements in public and private universities, the results achieved by the universities and to compare the implementation of TQM elements and results achieved by public and private universities. Mixed methods research design was used in this study. The population of the study was directors of quality enhancement cell (QEC), teachers and students. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data from directors of QECs. Close-ended questionnaires were used to collect data from teachers and students. Quantitative data were analyzed by mean scores. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative. In order to compare the results achieved by the public and private universities t.test was applied. The findings showed that public and private universities are struggling hard to implement TQM elements, but still they are lacking behind in some aspects like quality of infrastructure and quality assurance process, it is recommended to obtain feedback from students and teachers every semester, involve teachers in quality planning process, provide reward and appreciation to teachers for their better performance which may improve students and teachers’ level of satisfaction and quality of teaching learning process.

Implementing Total Quality management practices and Employee Performance: Sanita - Lebanon

The aim of the study is find out the impact of applying different total quality management (TQM) practices on the performance of employees in the Lebanese industrial sector. The implementation of total quality management in Lebanese companies is very narrow where few companies work to apply Total Quality Management elements and concepts in its operations. Sanita is a Lebanese company that has applied the principles of total quality management relatively in all of its operations, so it has a large share of its products in the Lebanese market. In this quantitative survey designed study, 160 self-administered questionnaires were distributed for employees working at different career level (Top level management / Middle level management / Supervisor / Operator /technician / other workers) in Sanita main branch (Halat -Lebanon) and Sanita factory (Zouk Mosbeh -Lebanon). The survey concluded various questions related to the dependent variable employee performance and the independent variable related to practices of total quality management (leadership, teamwork, training and education, empowerment, communication). Using the quantitative correlation Pearson test, a strong influence emerged for the implementation of TQM principles on the performance of employees at Sanita and its factories; thus accepting the main alternative hypothesis.

Reasons for Performance Differences among ISO 9001:2015–Certified Construction Companies in the Perspective of TQM Elements

Although some studies identified positive effects of ISO certification on company performance, some studies proposed that the ISO 9000 certification does not guarantee high performance. To understand the reasons for performance differences between ISO-certified companies, these two assessments should be examined. In this way, ISO-certified companies can use the certification to improve their performance. Integrating both ISO 9000 certification and total quality management (TQM) is considered a vital factor for increasing the company performance. Therefore, TQM can be a crucial complement to ISO certification. One reason for the performance difference among ISO-certified companies may stem from ISO 9000–certified companies’ following the ISO 9000 standards and applying TQM elements concurrently, which improves the performance, whereas other companies still rely solely on ISO 9000. However, this strategy does not provide the expected improvements to achieve high performance. This study investigated the reasons for performance variances among ISO 9000–certified companies by considering TQM elements. Forty TQM elements and eight performance metrics were extracted by conducting a literature survey, questionnaire survey, and focus group discussions. Another questionnaire survey was conducted among 65 participants from ISO 9000–certified construction companies. The data were examined by performing a cluster analysis and ANOVA. The analysis revealed that ISO-certified companies should not rely solely on the ISO certification. They should integrate ISO certification and TQM to increase their organizational and operational performance. Furthermore, these companies have deficiencies in encouraging employees to learn how to improve skills. They fall short in developing an environment for on-the-job training, quality data to evaluate supervisors and managers, and quality data to manage quality.

EFFECTS OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) ON FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM HIGHER EDUCATIONAL SECTOR OF PAKISTAN

Purpose: This research explores the causal linkage between TQM and financial performance or non-financial performance within the higher education sector of Pakistan. In this regard, the link between each element of total quality management, including tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, was explored and empirically analyzed concerning financial and non-financial performance.
 Methodology: The regression and correlation statistical measures, using SPSS version 20.0, were used to study the linkage of TQM with financial and non-financial performance. The study utilized a quantitative research approach for data collection purposes, and data was gathered from 220 employees of well-established higher educational institutes of Islamabad and Rawalpindi with the help of a directly administered survey approach.
 Results: The results support the causal linkage between TQM and financial or non-financial performance. The findings indicate that TQM has a significant positive link with the financial and non-financial performance of service organizations within the higher education sector of Pakistan.
 Applications of this study: The higher education industry is the backbone of every nation, especially the developing countries. The higher education sector of developing countries, such as Pakistan, has been facing issues of quality, and hence the implementation of TQM practices can have a considerable effect on its improvement. This study provides valued insights for higher education practitioners to revise policies for the positive growth and development of this sector.
 The Novelty of this study: The contribution of this research is the investigation of TQM practices on financial and non-financial performance of higher educational institutes of a developing nation, i.e. Pakistan, where it is relatively a new concept. It was found that TQM practices have a significant impact on financial and non-financial performance.