The aim of this study was to identify factors determining the content of trace elements in bottom sediments and the organs of Typha latifolia L. in small ponds in rural areas, by comparing the bioconcentration of Sr, Al, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Fe and Cd in T. latifolia and by evaluating trace element pollution in the examined ponds. The concentration of trace elements in the bottom sediments of the examined ponds was diverse and exceeded the levels of the geo-chemical background for Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cd and Sr. In spite of substantial accumulation of trace elements in the examined ponds, these did not exceed the PEL (probable effects levels), which would indicate a negative impact of the metals under consideration on living organisms. Most elements accumulated mainly in the roots, except for Cd, which dominated in leaves. The results indicate that concentrations of Cu, Zn and Cd in the roots were comparable to the concentration of these elements in the bottom sediments, showing a bioindicative role of these parts of T. latifolia. The highest BCF (bioconcentration factor) values were found for Mn and Cd, and the lowest BCF values were found for Al and Fe. The TF (translocation factor) levels in the case of Mn, Cd, Sr and Ni show that T. latifolia can potentially be used for phytoextraction due to the easy translocation of these metals from rhizomes to leaves.