Elementary School Teachers Research Articles

Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding HIV among medical students in Zagreb, Croatia

BackgroundMedical students, as future health-care providers (HCPs) play a significant role in shaping attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and should possess adequate knowledge of this infection. The study aim was to assess knowledge about HIV among medical students of the University of Zagreb School of Medicine, and to determine the level of discriminatory attitudes towards PLWHA.MethodsWe assessed knowledge about epidemiology, treatment, and prevention of HIV by using closed-ended and multiple-choice questions. Likert-scale questions were employed to determine attitudes towards PLWHA. Bivariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression was used to assess correlates of certain discriminatory attitudes.Results561 medical students participated, with 46.7% attending preclinical courses. Overall, 42.1% of students think they received sufficient information on HIV/AIDS during elementary and high school education. Among clinical students, 42.6%, 20.8% and 11.8% estimated accurately transmission risk after a needle injury, unprotected vaginal, and anal intercourse, respectively. 66.8% of clinical students were aware that treatment can prevent AIDS, while 58.7% and 69.8% were familiar with the rationale of using pre-exposure (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). In the multivariate analysis, individuals lacking infectology course attendance (aOR = 1.45; CI: 1.00–2.09) and those unaware of transmission routes (aOR = 1.49; CI: 1.06–2.09) showed higher odds of advocating HIV status disclosure compared to those who did not yet attend an infectology course. Students supporting extra protection for handling PLWHA bodily fluids were more likely to support refusal to treat PLWHA (aOR = 1.80; CI: 1.22–2.69) compared to those who did not support that opinion. Males were more inclined to state that they would refuse to treat PLWHA (aOR = 1.66; CI: 1.11–2.50) and disclose their HIV status (aOR = 1.62; CI: 1.17–2.27) than females. Overestimating needle injury transmission risk raised treatment refusal likelihood (aOR = 2.22; CI = 1.29–3.92) compared to those accurately informed of this risk.ConclusionResults indicate lack of knowledge of HIV transmission risks after specific exposures and about PrEP, PEP and treatment effectiveness. Gender and knowledge about HIV transmission risks influence students’ attitudes towards PLWHA. Medical education should be focused on fostering correct attitudes and addressing stigma, which undermines prevention and treatment outcomes of PLWHA.

Adaptation of Technology for Islamic Religion Teachers in Elementary Schools with Bibilographic Approach

Adaptation of Technology for Islamic Religion Teachers in Elementary Schools with Bibilographic Approach

EVALUATING INDONESIAN HERO STORIES FEATURED IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE

This study delves into elementary school teachers’ evaluation of children’s books featuring Indonesian national heroes. Despite the significant roles of historical figures picturebooks, research on how teachers incorporate it as useful resources in teaching is limited. In fact, the availability of quality historical fiction picturebooks that portray stories of national heroes in Indonesia is also scarce. Through snowballing technique, 25 teachers voluntarily participated. Through an online questionnaire, they were asked to provide their opinion about three Indonesian hero storybooks, which include (1) Aku Kartini [I am Kartini], (2) Wahidin Soedirohoesodo Sang Dokter Bangsa [Wahidin Soedirohoesodo the Doctor of The Nation], and (3) Menyusuri Tempat Tinggal Srikandi Aceh Cut Nyak Meutia [Strolling the Residence of an Acehnese Heroine Cut Nyak Meutia]. The participants were asked to examine aspects like text complexity, plot, illustration, moral values, and pedagogical strategies for classroom implementation. The data were analyzed qualitatively to describe the teachers’ evaluation on the quality of the books. The findings emphasize the significance of continuous teachers’ professional development, especially in book selection and utilization. The consensus surrounding Book #1 “Aku Kartini” suggests its potential as a valuable resource for teaching national heroes, as well as a model of quality historical fiction picturebook. We argue that adult’s evaluation, particularly teachers, in selecting books for children to read, play a pivotal role both in the children and in the practice of teaching.

"Everything Is Changing, We Need to Adapt": Between Tradition and Modernity-Educators Coping with Child Sexual Abuse.

Socio-cultural contexts are formative to how teachers understand, conceptualize, and act when contending with child sexual abuse (CSA) cases among their students. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the experiences of Druze Arab teachers in Israel coping with cases of CSA among their students and the meaning they attribute to CSA in the context of socio-cultural change. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 female Druze elementary school teachers. All of the participants taught in schools located in Druze villages, where the children of Druze families comprise the majority of the student body. The analysis used a thematic approach. The analysis revealed that a transition between tradition and modernity in the Druze socio-cultural group was the central conceptual framework through which the teachers' narratives regarding CSA emerged. As an emblem of modernity, increasing openness around sexual topics was perceived as simultaneously favorable and threatening to both the welfare of children and the well-being of the community. Coping with CSA was viewed as a negotiation between closed (traditional) and open (modern) society, as well as silence and dialogue regarding CSA. This study highlights the importance of preventing teachers' cultural biases from affecting their contributions to CSA interventions, as well as how religion can be a source of strength when confronting CSA. Implications for policy and developing bottom-up, culturally sensitive training, practice, and interventions are discussed.

Penguatan Konsep Bernalar pada Pembelajaran Matematika Melalui Workshop Matematika Bagi Guru Segugus II Leuwiliang Bogor

Mathematics requires unique teaching strategies so that abstract things that are never seen in real life can be rationally accepted by students, especially at the elementary school level. So students must be given the opportunity to learn through meaningful experiences so that they are able to understand concepts correctly. Reasoning mathematics learning means that the thinking process occurs when learning mathematics. Active involvement of students in the learning process is an absolute requirement for the ability to interpret basic concepts in mathematics. The basic concepts understood will be internalized as long-term mathematical knowledge. How to explain the concept of area of flat shapes to students is a challenge for elementary school teachers. This service activity aims to reinforce to teachers the importance of the concept of reasoning in mathematics learning. The partners for this community service activity are Public Elementary Schools in Cluster II, Leuwiliang District, Bogor Regency, which consists of 6 Public Elementary Schools. Through this activity, it is hoped that teachers will continue to develop their competencies and increase their capacity so that they become professional teachers. The service activities went well, the activity participants gave positive responses and stated that the training was very useful for improving teachers' professional competence and the quality of mathematics learning.

Blended Learning: Analysis of University Student Learning Motivation for Citizenship Learning Courses in Elementary Teacher Education

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for ongoing education, prompting the education sector to seek alternatives to solely online learning. One of the steps that this university has taken is to combine the benefits of face-to-face and online learning through the use of technology, which is called blended learning. This study aims to assess the extent of student motivation for learning in a mixed learning environment in the Citizenship Learning course within the Elementary School Teacher Education department at UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta. This study employs a mixed method approach, with a sample size of 30 students as participants. Data for the study was acquired via observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The study results showed that the level of university student motivation towards Citizenship Learning through blended learning was 63.72% with a high category. This study showed that students’ learning motivation remains strong when using blended learning despite challenges like internet network reliability, device availability, and implementing appropriate learning methodologies.

Faktor-Faktor Determinan Penyebab Kejadian Stunting dilihat dari Faktor Ibu di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mondokan Kabupaten Sragen

Stunting is one of the causes of death and a contributing factor to the number of children exposed to disease, 3.1 million or 45% of the causes of death in the world besides disability. Many factors are associated with the incidence of stunting in toddlers, one of which is factors seen from mothers such as upper arm circumference, education, age at pregnancy and income. The prevalence of stunting in the working area of public health center of mondokan sragen regency was 417 cases in December 2023. Objective: Knowing the determinant factors causingof the incidence of stunting seen from maternal factors in the working area of public health Center of Mondokan Sragen Regency. Methods: The study used descriptive methods, sampling using quota sampling techniques, 81 respondents, the instrument used used a checklist sheet containing the characteristics of stunting factors. Results: the results showed that the majority of the characteristics of upper arm circumference <23.5 cm (58%), the latest elementary school education (59.1%), maternal age during pregnancy 20-35 years (85.2%), income <2,049,000 (71.6%). Conclusion: the determinant factors in the working area of Puskesmas Mondokan are upper arm circumference, education, maternal age at pregnancy, income,

Edukasi Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat dan Pengembangan Media Flash Card pada Guru SD wilayah Kecamatan Kerjo Karanganyar

<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Teachers as role model need to encourage perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) – meaning clean and healthy lifestyle – in schools and teach it to students, leading to a healthy environment. Several elementary school teachers in Kerjo District have not been habituated to optimally implementing PHBS. The aim of this community service is to conduct PHBS education and develop flash cards; thus, this may increase understanding of PHBS, then apply these lifestyles optimally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The community service was carried out by counselling PHBS on Tuesday, 23<sup>rd</sup> May 2023. The target was elementary school teachers in the Kerjo District, involving 27 elementary schools with 44 participants. Data was collected from 27 schools for classifying PHBS strata, then the participants took pre-test and post-test to measure level of knowledge. Next, counselling was carried using interactive lecture and flash card. The distributed flash cards were also assessed by the teachers.</p><p><strong>Results and discussions: </strong>During the community service, three schools were recorded as sehat paripurna and 24 schools as sehat utama. The average value of pre-test and post-test results were 3.52 ± 0.66 and 4.88 ± 0.32, respectively. This indicates that there was an increase in the average value and PHBS counselling may increase participants’ understanding. Additionally, majority of participants agree that the flash cards are suitable for learning purpose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PHBS counselling may provide an understanding of PHBS for elementary school teachers in the Kerjo District, Karanganyar, also, flash cards are applicable for learning purpose.</p>

Enhancing Student Success: Exploring Teacher Knowledge in Managing Behavior During Learning Challenges

In education, the role of teachers is one of the determining factors for student success in school. The relationship between teacher knowledge and student management with learning difficulties cannot be separated. There are still many students who do not understand the lessons given the low level of student knowledge has an impact on student independence, so research is needed to assess the current level of teacher knowledge and identify areas that need to be improved in managing the behavior of students with learning difficulties. The method used in this research is quantitative with an individual surveillance approach. The respondents were 160 people who were randomly selected at the elementary school teacher level in West Jakarta. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire containing items related to demographics and the level of knowledge of teachers as educators in managing the behavior of students with learning disabilities. All items are assessed on a Likert scale from point 1 to point 5—data analysis techniques using descriptive statistics assisted by SPSS Version 25.0. The results showed that teachers' knowledge was divided into three, namely how to manage practical behavior, positive reinforcement, and negative reinforcement, and it was found that the level of teachers' knowledge in managing practical behavior was in the high category. In conclusion, teachers' skills in managing the class can be improved by improving the management of practical behavior in the learning process to help students. The implication is that teachers who handle problematic students provide service courses and workshops related to management and provide special attention.

Teacher Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Burnout: The Mediating Roles of Interpersonal Mindfulness in Teaching and Emotion Regulation

This study examined the relationships among teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, interpersonal mindfulness, emotion regulation, and burnout, with the intention of exploring the mediating roles of interpersonal mindfulness and emotion regulation. A total of 224 elementary school teachers from 36 elementary schools in a high-poverty, inner city setting in the Northeastern United States participated voluntarily in the study. Correlation and path analyses were conducted to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, interpersonal mindfulness, emotion regulation, and burnout were significantly related to each other. The results also showed that teachers’ interpersonal mindfulness and expressive suppression served as crucial mediating pathways from self-efficacy to burnout; thereby should be considered among the inventory of psychological resources that protect teachers against burnout.

Outdoor Play and Learning in Elementary Schools: A Critical Participatory Action Research Project

In this study, we enacted critical participatory action research (CPAR) within an online community of practice (CoP). The CoP was designed to build a community of outdoor play and learning (OPAL) practitioners. This paper describes how a cohort (n=18) of experienced Kindergarten to grade eight (K-8) teachers from across British Columbia shared their OPAL experiences and practice and the collective action taken. Regularly scheduled meetings over a six-month period resulted in dialogue that identified the need for quality resources that were accessible for all teachers. The concept of a website, developed for teachers by teachers experienced with OPAL, was initiated within the CPAR process. This article describes findings related to participation in a CPAR CoP, and the process of deciding upon and enacting shared action to support OPAL elementary school teachers.

Development and Evaluation of an Internet of Things Project for Preservice Elementary School Teachers

Programming education is gaining more attention in elementary schools, especially through the use of visual programming tools and development boards. However, the elementary school teacher education in Taiwan allows only limited time periods for training in visual programming and the use of development boards. Development boards are ideal for creating internet of things (IoT) projects, and project-based learning (PBL) is an effective teaching strategy in programming education to promote active learning. Therefore, to sustainably cultivate 21st-century teachers, this study developed an IoT PBL activity for preservice elementary school teachers in Taiwan, so as to improve their attitude toward programming and to enhance their content knowledge of programming teaching, including in computational thinking concepts and knowledge concerning the micro:bit and IoT. This project aimed to engage preservice elementary school teachers in using the micro:bit and electronic modules to create cardboard games with IoT features. A preliminary evaluation was conducted within a teacher education course to verify the project’s feasibility. Consequently, the preservice elementary school teachers participating in this project could develop various IoT cardboard games through teamwork. Their scores on the assessments of computational thinking concepts, development board knowledge, and attitude toward programming showed significant improvement after the project activity. They also expressed highly positive feedback on the project. These findings verify that the proposed PBL activity could be feasible for elementary teacher education.

Psychological Well-Being in Elementary School Teachers

It is the responsibility of educators to mentor and assist students as they learn and develop behaviors that will help them succeed. Teachers' mental health frequently suffers as a result of the workload they bear in order to support students' achievement. Teachers' psychological health may be impacted by this. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the psychological well-being dynamics of an elementary school teacher in the Surabaya city. Twelve primary school teachers served as the subjects of this qualitative study. Three procedures were used to analyze the data: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drafting. The study's findings indicate that Surabaya's elementary school teachers' general psychological health falls within the "good" range. Additionally, out of all the dimensions, the dimension of having positive interactions with other people is the highest. In the meantime, there are two moderate elements of psychological well-being: personal progress and life purpose. The study's conclusion is that in order for the on-duty teachers to properly carry out their duties, the school must continue to support a number of psychological well-being characteristics.

Assessing teachers' knowledge and attitudes toward implementing a response to intervention approach in the classroom

The aim of this study was to explore elementary school teachers' knowledge and attitudes about implementing the Response to Intervention (RTI) approach, which is a system used to identify and support students with learning disabilities or those who face learning difficulties. A total of 152 elementary school teachers participated in the survey, including 64 males and 88 females. Various statistical methods were applied to analyze the data, such as Cronbach’s alpha, frequencies, percentages, four-way ANOVA, and Scheffe’s post hoc test. The findings showed that teachers had a moderate level of knowledge about RTI and held neutral attitudes toward its implementation. The study also found no significant differences in responses based on gender, specialty, or the highest degree achieved. However, teachers with more than 10 years of experience showed different responses compared to those with less experience. Additionally, a positive link was found between teachers' knowledge of RTI and their attitudes toward its use. Based on these results, some recommendations are provided.

Mediating Effect of Administrative Support on Transformational Leadership Style and Work Satisfaction Among Public Elementary School Teachers

Mediating Effect of Administrative Support on Transformational Leadership Style and Work Satisfaction Among Public Elementary School Teachers

USE OF INNOVATIVE METHODS IN IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS

This graduation work is dedicated to the study of the methodology of aesthetic education of children in art-speech activities in the education of elementary school teachers. The main goal of the research is to improve the moral and spiritual education of elementary school teachers through artistic and speech activities, and to provide them with new methodological approaches that can be used in pedagogical activities.

Effects of Psychosocial Risks on the Performance of Teacher-Researchers: Moroccan Context

In recent years, the concept of psychosocial risks has assumed enormous importance in working life. Indeed, PSR at work has become almost synonymous with work life and more specifically work stress, and it is widely accepted that work experiences can have a major impact on the psychological health of employees. Psychological risks are the human pressures that arise as a result of implementing an organization's strategy, and take different forms such as anxiety, pressure, violence, mental load and poor communication, musculoskeletal disorders and other pressures that are transmitted differently among employees depending on their position in the organization. Thus, mental health is an integral part of health and a state of happiness. In this state, a person can achieve self-actualization, overcome the normal pressures of life, engage in productive work and contribute to community life. Its degree is determined by social, psychological and biological factors. In the workplace, it is associated with psychosocial risk (PSR), which can cause a variety of discomforts and negative emotions about work. The assessment of PSR in the workplace is necessary, their identification allows to take preventive measures to have an objective impact on absenteeism, performance, productivity and health of workers and organizations In this sense, the objective of this work is to evaluate the prevalence of work-related psychological organizational constraints in the group of practicing teachers based on the Karasek model. This is a cross-sectional survey with data from 100 qualified teachers in elementary school, secondary schools and universities. The respondents were informed in advance of the purpose of the survey and the anonymity of the data. They are teachers, men and women of all ages, different learning levels, different cycles, different teaching professions and different levels of experience.

A Mixed Methods Study to Address the Integration of TPACK in Elementary School Students' Learning Process

The Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework offers guidance for teachers seeking to address technology integration in classroom learning. This study aims to assess the TPACK proficiency levels among elementary school teachers. This study involved teachers from SDN Sumbersari 03 in Malang City as participants using a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design. Quantitative data were initially gathered through self-report measures, followed by analysis utilizing descriptive and inferential statistics. Subsequently, qualitative data were collected through interviews and observations, with analysis conducted using the interactive model proposed by Miles and Huberman. The results of this study showed that there was no difference in the TPACK perceptions of primary school teachers based on gender (p-value > 0.05). However, there is an influence between age and tenure on teachers' TPACK ability (p-value < 0.05). Overall, the teachers have a good mastery of TPACK. However, there are some areas that need to be improved, especially in terms of technology mastery (TK, TCK, and TPACK). The highest mean score in the CK and PK domains was 4.875 and the lowest score in the TPACK domain was 4.55. The findings also indicate no significant difference in TPACK perceptions among elementary school teachers based on gender. However, age and tenure were found to influence teachers' TPACK abilities. Overall, teachers demonstrated a good level of mastery in TPACK. Nonetheless, specific areas, particularly technology mastery (TK, TCK, and TPACK), require improvement.

A Study on Perception Types of Creative Experiential Activities by Elementary School Teachers

A Study on Perception Types of Creative Experiential Activities by Elementary School Teachers

Zoom in: Exploring perceptions of the multiplication symbol (×) up close

This study explored the perceptions of 51 prospective elementary school teachers selected using purposive sampling technique regarding the multiplication symbol (×) in arithmetic operations. Using a qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological approach, data were collected through task-based interviews administered to education students specializing in elementary education. The tasks were designed to explore candidates’ understanding and interpretation of the ‘×’ symbol, including uncovering conceptual images, understanding the ‘×’ symbol in different contexts, ability to represent the ‘×’ symbol, flexibility in relating the ‘×’ symbol among concepts, and problem-solving skills. Data analysis involved thematic coding and interpretive analysis to uncover patterns and insights into candidates’ cognitive frameworks. The findings revealed significant variation in candidates’ understanding of the ‘×’ symbol, influenced by their educational background and personal experiences with mathematics. This study highlights the need for improved mathematics instruction and curriculum design to equip future teachers with a deep and accurate understanding of arithmetic symbols, which is critical for effective mathematics teaching at the elementary level.