Elementary Concepts Research Articles

Transformation of the subject field of Russian sociology of labor: from a system of labor relations to the constructivist perspective

The article is devoted to the processes of transformation of the content and boundaries of the subject field of Russian sociology of labor, which occurred from the late 1980s to the present. To achieve this goal, the tasks are solved, consisting in the analysis of scientific and educational literature on the subject of labor sociology; the description of the main methodological approaches to the study of labor relations; the construction of the content of the subject field of labor sociology from the standpoint of the latest concepts of the sociology of life and the existing experience of the Samara School of Sociology of Labor. It is emphasized that in Russian literature there are at least six approaches to the consideration of the subject of sociology of labor, which are mainly based on the systemic approach that prevailed back in Soviet times. In terms of content, one or another aspect of social interaction in the field of work is most often declared the subject of labor sociology: 1) the attitude of society to work (work as a social phenomenon), 2) relations between participants in the labor process (labor relations), 3) the attitude of participants in the labor process to their work. The methodical and methodological difficulties of analyzing labor relations are associated with the existence of many overlapping and contradictory approaches within the directions of sociological realism, nominalism and constructivism, which interpret both their content and the factors influencing them in different ways. The most promising direction of modern analysis of labor relations is the application of the constructivist concept of the sociology of life, in which labor relations can be considered as a synthesizing (unifying) concept in relation to the key components of the employee's life world (labor consciousness, labor behavior and the work environment), which in turn consist of a number of elementary concepts (labor motivation, social well-being, social tension, involvement in labor activity) in the space of the social and labor sphere of society (a structure-forming concept). Based on the experience of empirical research accumulated during the post-Soviet period and using new theoretical foundations, the main directions of modern research in the subject field of Russian sociology of labor are: 1) study of the behavior and life world of subjects of labor relations in conditions of precarious employment, 2) analysis of the content and composition of participants (subjects) of labor relations, 3) problems of inequality and social justice in conditions of everyday labor interactions.

FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF LOGICAL THINKING IN ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS CLASSES

The elementary school mathematics course is an organic part of the school mathematics course. The most basic and age-appropriate elementary concepts of mathematics taught in grades V-XI are given. In higher grades, these concepts are taught in an expanded, deepened and enriched manner. Therefore, the content of primary grade mathematics determines the content of higher-grade mathematics.

NATURAL SCIENCES AS A SUBJECT CONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS' SCIENTIFIC WORLDVIEW

In this article, by identifying the problems that arise in the process of forming elementary concepts from natural sciences (SCIENCE), by studying them, analyzing them and eliminating them, students acquire deep and solid knowledge of the basics of natural science, as well as it was mentioned that they should be filled in independently and focused on improving the skills of practical application.

Needs Assessment for a Leadership Course in Saudi Medical Schools: The Student Perspective.

Leaders in healthcare no longer need to hold formal management positions; instead, leadership is perceived to be the responsibility of all healthcare professionals. Despite changes in curricula and teaching design, however, this review of the content taught in medical colleges in Saudi Arabia reveals a lack of leadership and a failure to equip young graduates to compete on the global stage. Medical students need leadership skills for patient care, cooperation, and navigating the complex healthcare system. Clinical management skills in hospitals require these talents also. The complexity of healthcare and the impact healthcare executives have on people's lives highlight the importance of these skills. Thus, healthcare practitioners must develop non-technical skills like proactivity, motivation, and change management to lead across professional boundaries and negotiate the increasingly complex healthcare landscape. This cross-sectional study combines a quantitative approach with a self-administered questionnaire-based survey. The sampling procedure is a non-probability convenience technique, adapted for 700 male and female undergraduate medical students from four medical colleges. Of the students, 75.46% had minimal leadership experience and 22.69% had some leadership experience; 3.02% of 464 students considered themselves highly experienced in leadership. As the needs assessment and other relevant factors show, leadership should be introduced as a skilled subject. There will always be a growing demand for competent medical graduates, who are capable of becoming future leaders. Although elementary leadership concepts remain fundamentally the same, curricular development must focus on the needs of society and stakeholders.

Подготовка дошкольников к изучению математики

Teaching mathematics to primary schoolchildren in the Russian Federation is based on the principles of continuity of educational stages. The article demonstrates the importance of preparing preschoolers to study mathematics, taking into account the current Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education, as well as the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education and the Federal Working Program of Primary Education in this subject. Preschool education is focused on mastering elementary mathematical concepts and forming prerequisites for educational activities. Creating an educational environment in a preschool institution that stimulates play and cognitive activity will help children successfully master mathematical skills. The examples considered in the article show how teaching mathematics at preschool age affects the development of universal educational activities in elementary school.

ПРИКАЗНА МАТЕМАТИКА – РАЗНОВЪЗРАСТОВА ГРУПА

The topic of using interactive games for the formation of elementary mathematical concepts is gaining special relevance now that information technologies are widely distributed in the educational process. At the level of preschool education, interactive games become an assistant in the organization of pedagogical interaction. This report presents a mathematical story used in a diff erent age group – five and six year old children, in all educational cores of the educational direction “Mathematics“. The following objective is set: Use of fairy mathematics to form elementary mathematical concepts in the five-six-year-old child. Concepts: clarifying questions, directions, encouragement, self-assessment.

A universal yield stress equation for electrorheological fluids

In this study, we investigate the universality of the yield stress [τyE0, where E0 is electric field strength] for examining electrorheological (ER) fluids both experimentally and theoretically. We found that the published experimental data for the yield stress of ER fluids for various materials and measurement conditions obey a yield stress scaling equation. In other words, the ER yield stress data in the literature collapse onto a universal correlation: τ̂=1.313Ê3/2tanhÊ using scaled variables τ̂≡τyE0/τyEc and Ê≡E0/Ec. Here, Ec is critical electric field strength. Although this expression is attractive for experimentalists, this empirical equation has not been derived from first principles. We introduce a mesoscopic elementary region concept and justify this universal correlation for the first time. We decompose the ER system into a finite number of elementary regions and introduce “glueons,” which adhere to neighboring elementary regions resulting in fibrillary structures. We investigated the limiting case when the elementary region size is reduced to zero (continuum limit) and used a reaction-diffusion model to calculate glueon concentration. In modeling the reaction term (generation of glueons), we used a linear model by recognizing that the electric field activates glueons, i.e., the number of glueons increases as the electric field strength increases. In our preliminary study, we were able to justify a universal correlation by solving the glueon concentration equation using a simple geometry. The novelty of this work is the development of universality for the ER yield stress and derivation of a universal scaling equation.

Some potential theorems for countable transient jump processes

. This article extends the potential theory to countable transient jump processes based on the works of Kemeny, Snell, and Knapp (1976) and Syski (1979). First, it presents the construction of excessive measures. Using excessive measures, this article defines elementary concepts in potential theory. Thus most conclusions for Markov chains can be generalized to jump processes. One of the most important results is the variational formulas for the energy of equilibrium potentials, which holds for asymmetric processes.

МЕКТЕПКЕ ЧЕЙИНКИ МАТЕМАТИКАЛЫК БИЛИМ БЕРҮҮДӨ ЗАМАНБАП ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛАРДЫ КОЛДОНУУ

The article is written based on current problem. In fact, there are no textbooks or manuals for the formation of elementary mathematical concepts in preschool education. We know the situation of teachers and students specializing in preschool education. In the article "Explanation and justification", "Using children's literature for the formation and consolidation of mathematical ideas" it shows the method of using strategic formation and consolidation of elementary mathematical ideas. For the strategy "Using children's literature for the formation and consolidation of mathematical concepts" I used the work of A. Osmonova "Aldar köse" (1st grade) is children's literature. The work was analyzed step by step, feedback was formed and addressed. The above-mentioned methods are the most important and necessary methods of preschool mathematical education. The article consists of introduction, main part and conclusion.

Methodology for the formation of elementary quantitative concepts in preschoolers with intellectual disabilities

Methodology for the formation of elementary quantitative concepts in preschoolers with intellectual disabilities

The epistemology-oriented conceptual model of cognitive-semantic universals in related languages

The analytical study of the processes of thinking and awareness of reality is positioned as an actualized psychological direction in linguistics, which arose as a result of the logical transformation of traditional logicism and formalism in the course of the development of speech activity. The purpose of the article is to study the epistemologically oriented conceptual model of cognitive-semantic universals in related languages. In the course of the study, it was found that the previous historical stage was characterized by ignoring the influence of psychophysiological aspects. It has been determined that in the process of transformation the phenomenon of language is interpreted as a reflection of the psychological concept and spiritual activity. It is proved that the cognitive paradigm made it possible to explain the thinking processes that occur during the production of speech with the advent of the cognitive paradigm in linguistics. It is suggested that from a universal point of view, any conceptual area can be studied with the help of elementary concepts. The study has shown that from the standpoint of cognitive grammar, grammatical categories have corresponding prototypical structures. The sphere of conceptual functionality of modern cognitive semantics is distinguished. The cognitive-semantic universality of the basic main category is stated. It is proved that the epistemologically oriented conceptual model of cognitive-semantic universals in related languages is represented by such processes in the lexical composition of a word as generalization (transition from the concrete to the abstract general), narrowing (dynamics from the abstract to the specialized), degradation (depreciation) and polarization (opposition). Promising directions for further scientific research on the subject of the study are actualized, namely, conducting cognitive research that accurately explains the universal conceptual processes occurring in semantics.

El juego colaborativo como estrategia de cuidado; hacia una educación integradora y para la paz

This writing seeks to make visible the importance of playful activities as individual and collective care strategies for school-age children. In addition, it is intended to promote education for peace from a Latin American approach. The methodological strategy consisted of carrying out two workshops with recreational activities previously validated from a qualitative approach. In the article, first, a description of the context of the participating population is provided; immediately, the theoretical exposition is given where reference is made to the elementary concepts to understand the subject: pedagogy of care and affection, solidarity, peace, collaborative play, etc. Afterwards, the analysis of results is carried out taking as a reference the expressions and feelings (feelings) of the participating children according to each activity.

Изучение математических представлений у младших школьников с расстройствами аутистического спектра и интеллектуальными нарушениями

The aim of the study is to summarize the results of an experimental research aimed at exploring cognitive development and mathematical concepts among pupils in grades 1-4 with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual impairments for further exploration of effective methods and approaches to forming mathematical concepts. The experiment was conducted at the State Public Educational Institution of Moscow “School No. 2124 'Center for Development and Correction'”. It involved 72 pupils in grades 1-4, ranging in age from 7 to 12 years old. Using the psychological and pedagogical diagnostics of cognitive development of children aged 3-4 and 4-5 (E. A. Strebeleva), the CARS scale for determining the degree of autism (E. Schopler, R. J. Reichler, R. F. DeVellis, K. Daly), testing and assessment materials developed and practically evaluated by the pedagogical team of School No. 2124, data were obtained on the low level of cognitive development among first-grade pupils starting school under the adapted basic education program of primary general education for students with ASD (variant 8.4), as well as the insufficient level of cognitive development among pupils in grades 2-4 relative to the mathematics program offered to them. Scientific novelty lies in the following: a correlation was identified between pronounced autism spectrum disorders and the low level of formation of mathematical concepts among younger school children with ASD and intellectual impairments. During the study, it was found that children with severe autism exhibit a low level of elementary mathematical concepts. As a result of the research, different levels of mastery of mathematical concepts among pupils in grades 1-4 with ASD and intellectual impairments were determined, their typical errors and the need for various types of assistance in task completion, as well as different dynamics in the assimilation of mathematical concepts among pupils in grades 1-2 and 3-4 were identified.

On the Hm-Regularity for Second Order Elliptic Equations

Our primary objective in this paper is to discuss the Hm-Regularity for second order elliptic equations over Sobolev Spaces. We here consider the cases m = 1 and m≥ 2 separately. We revisit some elementary concepts in Functional Analysis and Abstract Harmonic Analysis before providing a proper definiton to the notion of weak solution of a Dirichlet Problem. While towards the later stages, we shall classify different types of regularity conditions, the main focus lies upon deducing appropriate ellipticity conditions in support of commenting about the existence and uniqueness of the weak solutions to a given problem. Appropriate references are provided in the bibliography section to facilitate further reading for ardent readers and researchers in this field

On the Hm-Regularity for Second Order Elliptic Equations

Our primary objective in this paper is to discuss the Hm-Regularity for second order elliptic equations over Sobolev Spaces. We here consider the cases m = 1 and m≥ 2 separately. We revisit some elementary concepts in Functional Analysis and Abstract Harmonic Analysis before providing a proper definiton to the notion of weak solution of a Dirichlet Problem. While towards the later stages, we shall classify different types of regularity conditions, the main focus lies upon deducing appropriate ellipticity conditions in support of commenting about the existence and uniqueness of the weak solutions to a given problem. Appropriate references are provided in the bibliography section to facilitate further reading for ardent readers and researchers in this field

Community Service Application of Puzzle Straw Teaching Aids in Mathematics Learning at Coastal Elementary School in Silo Baru Village Dusun X

This community service (PKM) activity aims to overcome the problems experienced by teachers at Pesisir Elementary School. new silo village, X hamlet, Silo Laut District, Asahan Regency. Namely the difficulty of teachers in cultivating students' interest in studying mathematics and the lack of a fun learning approach, one of which is the use of the Puzzle Straw mathematics props. Mathematical Straw Puzzles are puzzles that involve arranging straws to complete a challenge or achieve a certain goal. This can be a creative and fun form of puzzle or game involving the manipulation or arrangement of straws. This service activity was attended by 6 Pesisir Elementary School teachers. The results of this PKM activity are: 1) Students are more enthusiastic in learning mathematics, especially in geometric geometric material. This is because the Puzzle Straw teaching aid allows students to directly explore geometric concepts of geometric shapes. Students not only sit and listen to the teacher's explanation, but can also see directly all the objects in the props, carry out gradual exploration, and demonstrate the physical objects of the props. 2) Teachers' enthusiasm for responding to PKM program material has increased. This is indicated by the number of teachers asking questions, suggestions and criticism, as well as providing solution views on the application of Puzzle Straw teaching aids in elementary schools. 3) There has been a significant increase in teachers' knowledge and understanding of elementary school mathematics concepts, as well as the benefits of the Puzzle Straw teaching aids in elementary school mathematics learning, especially the concept of spatial geometry. This can be seen from the number of teachers who can answer questions about elementary school mathematics concepts, and can explain the benefits of the Puzzle Straw teaching aids in elementary school mathematics learning.

TECNOLOGIA ASSISTIVA NA EDUCAÇÃO

This article proposes a contemporary analysis of Assistive Technology in Education and its direct relationship with the promotion of a culture of inclusion in schools. The methodological paths followed were those of the bibliographic review analysis; analysis of the contemporary social fact and also, with interviews with experts who work in innovation projects and assistive technology. We sought to bring up a contextualization of the social fact related to the Brazilian school context about the use and application of Assistive Technology in Specialized Educational Assistance (AEE) in Brazilian public schools, as well as to analyze data and information from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) which, through the census, analyzes the social context of people with disabilities, high abilities/giftedness and singularities. In this eagerness, the article discusses through academic analyzes in order to try to understand some paradoxes that are installed in the convergence of information. Through an academic perspective, the investigations were of the most elementary concepts about Assistive Technology, as well as brought up social and pedagogical issues and also presents the technology called Colibri, which presents itself as an alternative to break with existing obstacles to a digital and social inclusion of people with disabilities in Brazil.

Tecnologia Assistiva na Educação

This article proposes a contemporary analysis of Assistive Technology in Education and its direct relationship with the promotion of a culture of inclusion in schools. The methodological paths followed were those of the bibliographic review analysis; analysis of the contemporary social fact and also, with interviews with experts who work in innovation projects and assistive technology. We sought to bring up a contextualization of the social fact related to the Brazilian school context about the use and application of Assistive Technology in Specialized Educational Assistance (AEE) in Brazilian public schools, as well as to analyze data and information from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) which, through the census, analyzes the social context of people with disabilities, high abilities/giftedness and singularities. In this eagerness, the article discusses through academic analyzes in order to try to understand some paradoxes that are installed in the convergence of information. Through an academic perspective, the investigations were of the most elementary concepts about Assistive Technology, as well as brought up social and pedagogical issues and also presents the technology called Colibri, which presents itself as an alternative to break with existing obstacles to a digital and social inclusion of people with disabilities in Brazil.

Integration by Riemann Triangles

In this article we present a method of integration inspired by an example from Proofs Without Words II by Nelsen. Riemann rectangles under a curve are transformed into triangles. The limit of the collection of triangles gives us a new shape. The area under the original curve and the area of the new shape are the same. In this way, interesting connections between areas under different curves are established and integration formulae are obtained. Only elementary concepts like similarity and Riemann rectangles are used. A variety of examples is worked out to show the strength of the method. The method may be used for first year calculus students to deepen their understanding of the Riemann integral.

Peculiarities of training educators for the formation of spatial orientations of young children

The article examines the essence of the concept of "spatial orientation" and its components; features of the formation of spatial orientations in young children. The results of research on the preparation of educators for the formation of elementary mathematical concepts of early and preschool children in the educational process of a preschool education institution have been analyzed. It was noted that the modern system of preschool education needs a highly qualified teacher capable of effectively shaping the spatial orientation of young children in the educational process of a preschool education institution, taking into account the extreme importance of spatial concepts for the development of a child. The basis of the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the professional training of the future teacher for the formation of spatial ideas of early and preschool children is defined, the content of the teacher's training for the formation of spatial orientations of young children is outlined, which involves students' assimilation of the characteristics of the «space» category, knowledge of the psychophysiological characteristics of the development of young children; assimilation of psychological features of the formation of spatial orientations by young children; mastering the psychological, pedagogical and methodical tools for the formation of spatial orientations of young children in various activities.