Musical Elements Research Articles

The use of music and music-related elements in speech-language therapy interventions for adults with neurogenic communication impairments: A scoping review.

A growing body of research indicatesthat music-based interventions show promising results for adults with a wide range of speech, language and communication disorders. The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize the evidence on how speech-language therapists (SLTs) use music and music-related elements in therapeutic interventions for adults with acquired neurogenic communication impairments. This scoping review was completed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. A systematic search of three databases (Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and OVID Medline) was conducted and articles were included if they (1) incorporated adult human participants; (2) received an assessment or intervention facilitated by an SLT; (3) incorporated techniques and interventions which included music-related elements (e.g., rhythm, melody, harmony and dynamics); (4) were written in the English language; and (5) were peer-reviewed full-text articles. Data were extracted using the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System framework. A total of 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies included participants with neurogenic communication impairments secondary to stroke, Parkinson's disease, dementia and traumatic brain injury. Musical interventions identified in the studies were Melodic Intonation Therapy, Modified Melodic Intonation Therapy, choral singing, singing therapy and songwriting. The majority of the studies reported interprofessional collaboration between SLTs and at least one other healthcare clinician and/or musician. Many studies also included music-based interventions lead and facilitated by musically trained SLTs. The results of the studies included in this review indicate that SLTs are using music-based interventions to target therapeutic goals to improve speech, language, voice and quality of life in collaboration with other clinicians and professional musicians. What is already known on this subject A growing body of research indicates that interventions using music (i.e., choirs and songwriting) and musical elements (i.e., rhythm and dynamics) show promising results for adults with neurogenic communication impairments. Currently, however, there is no clear indication of how speech-language therapists (SLTs) are using music in their clinical practice. What this study adds This scoping review collates the current evidence on how SLTs use music and musical elements in their clinical practice. SLTs are using music and musical elements for individuals with neurogenic communication impairments in populations such as Parkinson's disease, dementia and traumatic brain injury. Common interventions described in the literature include Melodic Intonation Therapy, choral singing, singing therapy and songwriting. What are the clinical implications of this work? Many SLTs collaborate when delivering music-based interventions, particularly with music therapists (MTs). This scoping review suggests that SLTs should continue to explore music-based interventions in collaboration with MTs and professional musicians to target therapeutic goals to improve speech, language, voice and quality of life.

Malay Music Transmission: Social Practices and Community Perception

Malaysia is part of the Malay cultural family of the archipelago (Nusantara). Musical elements and structures are similar to those found in Indonesian traditions. However, the local people's social practices and natural perceptions differ. This study looks into the social practices and musical perceptions of Malaysian societies. Interviews, focused group discussions, observations, a literature review, and internet data retrieval were all used in this qualitative study. The findings indicate that social practices of Malay Music differ among sub-ethnic groups in Malaysia. The sub-ethnic perceptions regarding “local” Malay Music differs as well. Several factors influence the natural perception of Malaysian music. The country's cultural diversity, natural setting, and historical legacy are all closely related to how Malaysian music is perceived. Malaysian music frequently reflects a strong sense of place and is influenced by the country's natural surroundings, ethnic traditions, and landscapes.

Research on Piano Program Programming and Creative Optimization Methods Based on Big Data Technology

This study focuses on the programming and creative optimization methods of piano tracks based on big data technology. Through in-depth analysis of the potential application of big data technology in the field of music creation, we propose an innovative framework for piano repertoire programming and creative optimization. This framework fully utilizes the data processing and analysis capabilities of big data technology to mine massive piano repertoire data, extract music elements, style features, and creative patterns. In terms of piano repertoire programming, we use big data technology to quantitatively analyze music elements and construct a data-driven programming model. This model can automatically generate piano repertoire frameworks that match specific styles, emotions, and rhythms based on user creative needs, providing inspiration and direction for creators. In terms of creative optimization, we utilize machine learning algorithms based on big data technology to intelligently evaluate and improve piano tracks. By comparing and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different tracks in terms of melody, harmony, structure, etc., we have discovered and extracted the common characteristics of excellent works, providing guidance for creators to optimize their work. This article will focus on the programming and control capabilities of music programming in the design and composition process of big data technology, as well as optimization methods for music creation. Provide precise services for music teaching and research, promote the prosperity and development of music, and accelerate the integration and innovative development of information technology and music education and teaching. In terms of piano repertoire programming, we utilized big data technology to quantitatively analyze music elements and constructed a data-driven programming model. This model can provide creators with rich inspiration and clear direction based on their creative intentions and specific styles. In addition, our study also considered the recognition rates of training models for different instrument types. Through training and optimizing models, we have ensured that piano program programming and creative optimization processes can achieve high recognition rates and accuracy on different instrument types, thereby further expanding the application scope of big data technology in the field of music creation.

The Hexi Corridor Elements in Traditional Music and Contemporary Innovation and Application

This article explores the characteristics of the Hexi Corridor elements in traditional music and their innovation and application in contemporary times. The research background includes a review of the cultural and musical history of the ancient geographical region of Hexi Corridor, analyzing its unique elements in traditional music such as melody, rhythm, and instruments. The research method adopts a combination of literature analysis and field research, collecting and analyzing relevant music materials to explore the core elements of music in the Hexi Corridor. The research results indicate that the musical elements of the Hexi Corridor have been innovatively applied in modern music creation, such as integrating electronic music, modern stage art, etc., enriching the expression forms of contemporary music. This article argues that the innovative application of traditional music elements in the Hexi Corridor not only broadens the expressive power of traditional music, but also provides new inspiration and materials for modern music creation. Research is of great significance in promoting the inheritance and innovation of traditional culture, and promoting the development of cultural diversity.

Score Images as a Modality: Enhancing Symbolic Music Understanding through Large-Scale Multimodal Pre-Training.

Symbolic music understanding is a critical challenge in artificial intelligence. While traditional symbolic music representations like MIDI capture essential musical elements, they often lack the nuanced expression in music scores. Leveraging the advancements in multimodal pre-training, particularly in visual-language pre-training, we propose a groundbreaking approach: the Score Images as a Modality (SIM) model. This model integrates music score images alongside MIDI data for enhanced symbolic music understanding. We also introduce novel pre-training tasks, including masked bar-attribute modeling and score-MIDI matching. These tasks enable the SIM model to capture music structures and align visual and symbolic representations effectively. Additionally, we present a meticulously curated dataset of matched score images and MIDI representations optimized for training the SIM model. Through experimental validation, we demonstrate the efficacy of our approach in advancing symbolic music understanding.

초등학교 ‘즐거운 생활’ 통합교과서에 나타난 한 줄 형태 그림 악보의 비판적 고찰

The score of music must have the ease and accuracy in conveying musical expression. The picture scores shown in the integrated curriculum of ‘Pleasure Life’ of the elementary school curriculum consider the ease of musical expression relatively well, but there are somewhat lacking in the accuracy of expression. That is because the presentation of musical elements is not sufficient. Music elements appear in the length, height, harmony, speed, form, and color of sound based on the physical phenomenon of sound. As such, the picture score must contain the characteristics of these musical elements well. Although it is certainly difficult for the ‘Pleasure Life' textbook for the lower grades of elementary school to fully consider these musical elements, the length and height of sound, which are the most basic musical elements, must be accurately marked. If these are ignored, it is greatly hesitated about how to express the music. No matter how much the picture score is for the lower grades, especially the sense of length and height of sound must be sufficiently developed in the lower grades of elementary school, so only this criterion must be clearly presented. This is because the acquisition of musical senses and concepts during this period has a great influence on the subsequent expansion of musical expression ability and musical growth. Therefore, the picture score for the lower grades of elementary school should be presented with sufficient consideration for sensory feelings along with basic musical elements such as the length of the note, the height of the note, the color of the note.

사물인터넷(IoT)에 기반한 움직임 음악교육 시스템 개발 및 활용

The purpose of this research is to suggest the new approach of the music education that utilizes the IoT technology. To achieve this, we explored IoT and examined the AI, ICT and IoT tools currently used in music education. IoT technology offers advantages such as facilitating interactive communication, enabling easier interactions, and expanding the range of physical movements. However, most music education tools currently available on the market are primarily based on AI and ICT. Among the IoT-based tools, there were very few that used movement to teach music. Thus, the IoT-based movement music education system “Muvement” has been invented. This system is composed of the features ‘drawing movement’ and ‘making music'. Unlike traditional music education applications that rely on small screens of phones, tablets, or computer monitors, this technology enables learners to explore and learn musical elements by utilizing a larger space and engaging their entire bodies. Through this, learners can actively explore music with visual and auditory feedback and experience music in a creative way. This extends static and two-dimensional music activities into dynamic and three-dimensional experiences, opening up new possibilities for the future of music education. The technology can be used in various areas of music education such as performance, listening, and creation, as well as in collaborative lessons with other subjects like art and physical education. Outside of school, it can be used as a tool to enhance musical abilities and promote physical and mental health for different age groups, including young children, adults, and the elderly. Furthermore, it offers new approaches in the performing arts field and in rehabilitation therapy programs, expanding its social value and cultural impact. This study introduces the technology and its applications, highlighting the need for further research to concretely reveal the educational and physiological effects and significance of the technology in music education.

Study of Musicality in the Recitation of Religious Hymns

Religious traditions across the globe have their unique ways of reciting sacred hymns based on different melodic structures. Whether it is the chanting of Veda mantras in Hinduism or the recitation of Salaah in Islam or the singing of psalms in Christianity, there is a melodic flow in these hymns. Hymns have their own melodic appeal that makes them stand out among various melodic compositions, regardless of their language. The objective of this paper is to study the musicality of different religious hymns by selecting a few hymns from different traditions. This paper limits its study to the musical aspects of the oral traditions of reciting sacred hymns of different religions and it attempts to explore the unique musical elements in these hymns and also offers an insight into the artistic expressions across different religious cultures, through their musical recitations. Audio samples of the hymns are collected from various sources including field recordings, online resources and interviews. The collected data is subject to musical analysis by giving notations to the selected audio samples using musical notes of the Indian system of music, analyzing tonal variations and vocal techniques, and comparing the musical features to study the similarities and distinctions. The results of the analysis include finding the musical phrases from the chanting of different hymns, listing the observed commonalities and differences, and realizing the limited scope of melody. Eventually, the study accentuates the power of the musical notes, even with limited combinations, in building an effective auditory impact. These findings have significant implications on understanding the role of music in diverse religious traditions. This in turn results in establishing the fact that music has been an integral part of religious practices which takes it beyond the level of entertainment.

A Multilevel Analysis of Fazil Say’s Sonata for Violin and Piano Op.7

This article introduces Fazıl Say’s Sonata for Violin and Piano op. 7, composed in 1997, shortly after his international success. Despite being an early work, it exhibits the architectural complexity characteristic of Say’s style, blending his Turkish cultural heritage with innovative compositional techniques. The authors aim to analyze this sonata thoroughly, exploring its mature style and cultural influences in order to provide a series of guiding principles for interpretation. They discuss the architectural and semantic meanings that reside in the incorporation of Turkish musical elements, such as modal approaches, folk traditions, and dance rhythms, throughout the sonata’s three movements. Each movement is examined, highlighting technical challenges, interpretive nuances, and thematic connections to Turkish culture. The sonata’s structure, culminating in a palindromic arrangement, is investigated, emphasizing its coherence and narrative thread. The first movement introduces melancholic themes, the second movement evokes Turkish instruments and rhythmic patterns, the third movement emulates the Horon dance, and the second to last movement draws from Turkish folk songs. The conclusion praises Say’s fusion of tradition and innovation, highlighting the interpretive freedom left to performers and listeners. Overall, the Sonata op. 7 reflects Say’s distinctive musical language and showcases his prowess as both a pianist and composer, blending tradition with modernity in a captivating manner. Keywords: Fazıl Say, Sonata op. 7, violin, piano, Turkish culture, composition, musical elements, modal approaches, folk traditions, dance rhythms, interpretation, structure, thematic connections, melancholy, Turkish instruments, rhythmic patterns, Horon dance, folk songs, tradition, innovation, interpretive freedom.

Designing a Deep Learning-Enabled Music Teaching System in Universities Using the Moodle Platform

Music education plays a vital role in fostering creativity, expression, and cognitive development among students in university settings. Moodle is the learning management platform to promotes significant knowledge sharing among the students in the Universities. In this paper, introduce the Federated Deep Learning Moodle Hidden Chain (FDLMHc) with the Moodle platform for music education experiences. The FDLMHc system combines the power of federated learning with the flexibility of Moodle to provide personalized feedback and adaptive learning pathways for students. The FDLMHc model uses the Music signal pitch estimation with the consideration of the different pitches in the signal frequencies. The signal of the music signal is estimated for the different SNR rates of -10dB, 0dB, 10 dB, and 20 dB. The proposed FDLMHc model computes and processes the music signal with the hidden chain process for the estimation of the pitches in the music signal. The estimated hidden chain model is applied over the federated learning network for the classification of the signal in the Music. The findings reveal promising results, demonstrating the system's ability to accurately classify musical elements, such as pitch, rhythm, and dynamics, while providing personalized feedback tailored to individual student needs. The accuracy for the estimation of the Music pitch is estimated as the 95% with a convergence rate of 91% for the estimation of the signal in the Music signal.

Acquiring musical knowledge increases music liking: Evidence from a neurophysiological study.

People possessing musical knowledge tend to enjoy music more, but the linkage remains to be determined. Based on the shared affective motion experience model for music appreciation, we hypothesized that acquiring musical knowledge about the music itself, for example, an analytical understanding of music elements and the related emotional expressions, would increase music liking. To test the hypothesis, we asked 48 participants to learn analytical or historical information about a piece of music by watching a pre-recorded teaching video. Learners' physiological responses, such as skin conductance and heart rate, were recorded during learning. The increase of music liking was observed after both types of knowledge acquisition, but more so for analytical knowledge. Notably, acquiring analytical knowledge made learners' skin conductance more similar, indicating the alignment of physiological responses. This physiological similarity, correlated with analytical knowledge similarity, could mediate the effect of knowledge acquisition on music liking. In sum, this study reveals the impact of analytical knowledge on music enjoyment and the associated neurophysiological mechanism. It extends the theoretical framework of shared affective motion experience to explain how musical knowledge influences music appreciation.

THE INFLUENCE OF JAZZ AND BLUES ON AFRICAN AMERICAN LITERATURE

This research paper explores the profound influence of jazz and blues on African American literature, highlighting their role in shaping themes, narrative techniques, and cultural expressions. Jazz and blues, with origins rooted in African traditions and their evolution in the United States, serve as cultural symbols representing the resilience, creativity, and spirit of the African American community. The Harlem Renaissance marked a significant intersection of music and literature, with key figures such as Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, and Ralph Ellison incorporating musical elements into their works to explore themes of identity, struggle, resilience, and community.Langston Hughes' poetry, notably "The Weary Blues," captures the rhythmic and emotional depth of blues, while Zora Neale Hurston’s novels, including "Their Eyes Were Watching God," integrate musical elements and African American folklore. Ralph Ellison’s "Invisible Man" employs jazz influences to explore themes of identity and cultural expression. These works demonstrate how jazz and blues have shaped the narrative structures and thematic depth of African American literature.Contemporary African American writers continue this tradition, drawing on jazz and blues to enhance their storytelling. Toni Morrison’s "Jazz" and Jesmyn Ward’s "Sing, Unburied, Sing" exemplify the ongoing influence of these musical genres, using them to deals complex themes and preserve cultural narratives.The paper concludes that the interconnectedness of music and literature in African American culture is a testament to the community's rich artistic heritage. Jazz and blues are integral to the African American narrative, providing a soundtrack to the community’s experiences and enhancing the emotional and cultural depth of their literature. This relationship celebrates the past and inspires future generations, ensuring the enduring legacy of jazz and blues in African American literary tradition.

The Relationship Between Incorporating Chinese Musical Elements and Piano Education in Jinan, China

The Relationship Between Incorporating Chinese Musical Elements and Piano Education in Jinan, China

“Effing Awful!”: developing audio representation as a medium for conveying people’s experiences of flooded homes

PurposeDisaster research is often geared towards logocentrism and has relatively few outputs that explore alternative forms of representation, particularly those using an artistic medium. This paper explores how the creative use of audio representation can enhance understanding of flooding experiences, challenging the predominant text-based approach within qualitative study.Design/methodology/approachDuring a series of visits to people who had been flooded in 2019 in the UK, interviews and ambient sounds were recorded, analysed and then intertwined with musical elements composed by the lead author. The result is a phonographic representation of the synthesised data. The process explores a tripartite, creative, sonic approach that comingles thematic spoken excerpts with local sounds and musical compositions.FindingsThis article presents three sonic vignettes that illustrate the use of audio as a medium for academic research outputs. It contributes to the current consensus that the interpretation, representation and dissemination of research findings should be broadened beyond the dominance of the written word to align with the ethos of the Disaster Studies Manifesto.Research limitations/implicationsThe research contributes to disaster scholarship by developing a transdisciplinary approach to explore people’s experiences. By retaining the participants’ voices at its core, it makes use of in-depth, rich data to illustrate individuality, rather than aiming to generalise.Originality/valueVery little disaster research has focussed on pushing the boundaries of investigation by using the arts as a lens for both the researcher and their audience. Such work may connect with a wider range of people compared to a text-based “traditional” academic output. It can offer new opportunities for practical uses within Disaster Risk Reduction, for example as a communicative and educational tool.Contribution to impactThis paper contributes to understanding the impact of developing audio representation as a medium for conveying people’s experiences of flooded homes.

An Analysis of Elementary Musical Creativity Contents in China

This study aims to examine and analyse the musical creativity content of elementary school music textbooks in China through qualitative document analysis. The selected materials are textbooks published by the People's Music Publishing House and People's Education Press for Grade 5 and 6 students. The frequency and percentage of musical creativity contents were recorded, and the corresponding musical elements and mediums were analysed. The results showed that the musical elements with the highest frequency are rhythm and melody, while the musical mediums with the highest frequency are vocal, body, instrument, and notation.

Jazz / Pop Singing at the Crossroads of Movement and Musical elements

Research question - How can focusing on the connection between body movements and the key musical elements of rhythm, lyrics/mood, pitch and dynamics positively affect the expressiveness and vocal freedom of jazz / pop vocalists? When considering the attributes of captivating performances, jazz and pop singers often tend to underutilize their bodies on stage. This observation prompted a deeper examination of the interplay between body awareness, singing, and movements, resulting in the question “How can focusing on the connection between body movements and the key musical elements of rhythm, lyrics/mood, pitch and dynamics positively affect the expressiveness and vocal freedom of jazz / pop vocalists?” The research aims to address this question through a series of investigative stages. Firstly, the analysis of my 2023 end-of-year performance revealed a clear correlation between gestures, expressiveness and the four musical elements mentioned. Further research supported this finding and led to the development of movement-focused singing exercises, whereby vocalists sing while consciously engaging their bodies in alignment with each key musical element individually. This methodology underwent testing with six vocalists, yielding valuable empirical data. The data shows that this set of exercises can be a helpful, holistic tool in increasing expressiveness, enhancing awareness and improving embodiment while singing, as I have also experienced for myself. By sharing this research, I hope to encourage all musicians to deepen their connection with themselves, their instrument, and the audience through movement and body awareness.

Exploration of the Integration of Ethnic Music Elements into Modern Piano Art Creation

Piano originated in Western countries, so a large number of Western cultural elements are used in piano art creation, mainly to present Western humanistic thoughts and spiritual cultural cores to the audience. In recent years, with the modernization of piano art and culture in China, many Chinese listeners have begun to demand more ethnic and folk piano pieces with Chinese characteristics. In order to meet the audience’s pursuit of modern Chinese piano art, more and more creators are integrating ethnic music elements into modern piano art creation. This article explores the integration significance of ethnic music elements in modern piano art creation and the current situation of Chinese modern piano art creation, and finds that ethnic music elements have positive help in enhancing the novelty, ethnic characteristics, and timeliness of piano art creation. Based on this, this article proposes several strategies for integrating traditional ethnic music elements into modern piano art creation, including adapting traditional ethnic music elements, creating pentatonic tunes, and modifying work titles. The aim is to provide references and inspiration for the development of Chinese piano art creation and culture.

Analysis of Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) on Speech Ability in Stroke Patients with Aphasia at Srondol Health Center

The Irreversible brain disorders that cause sequelae in the form of motor aphasia or speech disorders which are mostly clinical manifestations in post-stroke patients cause inability to move, speech problems, perspective, because there are problems with brain function. Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) is the development of music as a therapeutic medium to improve language skills that use musical elements (intonation and beats) as therapy to improve language skills for people with aphasia. The purpose of this study is to analyze Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) on Speech Ability in Stroke Patients With Aphasia with the research stage based on field research in the Srondol community who experienced Stroke with speech difficulties/Aphasia. This research method uses an experimental quasy with a pre-post test with control group design with a sample of 30 respondents with the results of speech development of aphasia patients, international publications, and guidelines for the management of Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) in Stroke Patients with Aphasia. Based on the results of the study, it was found that patients who experienced stroke of the families of stroke patients supported him because family support was very important to maintain and maximize physical and cognitive recovery.

Body percussion in the band repertoire

Body percussion constitutes a decisive expressive-musical element in many works of the band repertoire. The compositional possibilities that it offers from a rhythmic, timbral and choreographic point of view are often linked to traditional musical elements as in the case of Palindromia Flamenca by Antonio Ruda Peco. In this work for solo soprano saxophone and band the Spanish musician, through the almost constant presence of clapping, creates a musical climax very close to flamenco as the performance, entrusted to a specific group of musicians, brings to mind the role of palmeros. In this article, through a musicological investigation we intend to pay particular attention to the musical characteristics and functions that body percussion performs within the composition. This will represent the basis for developing a teaching proposal based on the BAPNE Method for the development of executive functions.

Performance Techniques and Insights of the Guzheng Concerto “Chan Ge”

This paper explores the performance techniques and insights gained from playing Wang Jianmin’s guzheng concerto “Chan Ge.” By examining the concerto’s literary background, overall structure, and musical elements, the study reveals the intricate connections between the modern guzheng composition and classical literature. This approach aids performers and listeners in comprehending the cultural roots and messages behind the guzheng piece. From a performer’s perspective, the study analyzes “Chan Ge” in terms of its compositional background, tuning, structure, and performance techniques, highlighting its artistic features. Furthermore, the study delves into the cultural significance of the piece, examining the interplay between tradition and innovation, as well as individuality and universality. It showcases how the integration of Chinese and Western elements is reflected in the composition. This study helps deepen the understanding of Wang Jianmin’s compositional style and aims to promote China’s rich musical heritage, contributing to the flourishing of guzheng art in China. Moreover, it seeks to enhance the promotion and preservation of traditional guzheng music culture, providing valuable reference materials for guzheng performers.