Electrostatic Field Research Articles

Fundamental difference between the mechanisms of electrostatic field screening in dense and thoroughly collisionless plasmas

When an external electric field appears in a homogeneous plasma, ions move into regions where their electrostatic energy is lower. Simultaneously, forces arise that counteract this effect, causing the plasma to reach equilibrium when the field disappears completely. In collisional plasma, the resulting charge inhomogeneities decrease both Coulomb energy and entropy. Randomly induced diffusion flows tend to hinder their growth, minimizing free energy at any point. Accordingly, in the Debye–Hückel theory, the external field strength decreases exponentially with distance within the plasma. In a collisionless plasma, an antiscreening mechanism operates differently. Each ion moves in a self-consistent field along distinct trajectories, following classical dynamics laws. An external field bends these trajectories, bringing ions into regions where their Coulomb energy is lower. The antiscreening mechanism occurs when ions accelerate into potential wells, increasing the distances between them along their trajectories and decreasing their number densities along these paths. The law of energy conservation for any single ion governs this principally nonlocal process, and the dependence of field strength on distance is not necessarily exponential. This paper demonstrates that the Debye–Hückel theory should not be used to describe the charge density distribution within an unrestricted stream of collisionless plasma, such as the solar wind. It also analyzes non-exponential solutions of the Poisson equation for plasma sheaths above flat surfaces, from which such a flow takes off and on which it falls, obtained in quadratures.

The combination treatment of low voltage electrostatic field and Ultraviolet-C could accelerate the process of wound healing of potato tubers

Low voltage electrostatic field (LVEF) and ultraviolet-C (UV–C) are non-thermal, safe, and environmentally friendly preservation technologies. This study explored the efficacy of LVEF, UV-C (0.1 kJ m−2), and their combination (LVEF + UV-C) in regulating the wound-healing response of injured potato tubers over a 21-day healing period at 20 °C. Results demonstrated that LVEF + UV-C treatment showed superior efficacy in accelerating wound healing of tubers compared to single-treatment and control groups, mitigating weight loss and disease index, promoting suberin and lignin accumulation, and enhancing firmness, browning index, and H2O2 content. Biochemical changes observed during tuber healing exhibited a positive correlation with increased enzyme activities (PAL, 4CL, CAD, POD, and PPO) and metabolite levels (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, lignin) associated with phenylpropane metabolism. Our study findings suggest that the application of LVEF + UV-C stimulates phenylpropanoid metabolism, accelerates suberin and lignin accumulation at wounds, thus facilitates wound healing in potato tubers.

Chemical composition analysis of Ganoderma lucidum based on UPLC-Orbitrap-HRMS and virtual screening of FXR activators for treatment of liver fibrosis

The chemical composition of Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extracts was systematically analyzed and identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Orbitrap-HRMS). The fragmentation pattern of the representative chemical compounds was summarized, and the potential anti-liver fibrosis active compounds of G. lucidum acting on the farnesoid X receptor(FXR) target were studied to elucidate its pharmacodynamic substance basis. Preliminarily, 95 chemical constituents of G. lucidum ethanol extracts were identified, including 24 ganoderic acids, 9 ganoderenic acids, 13 lucidenic acids, 3 ganolucidic acids, 1 ganoderma lactone, 40 other triterpenoids, 4 fatty acids, and 1 other constituent. In addition, the fragmentation patterns of the representative compounds were also analyzed. The structural characteristics of ganoderic acids and ganoderenic acids were the C30 skeleton, containing free-COOH and-OH groups, which could easily lose H_2O and CO_2 to form fragment ions. The D-ring was mostly a five-membered ring, which was prone to breakage. Lucidenic acids were the lanosterolane-type of the C27 skeleton, and the side-chain structure became shorter and contained the same free-COOH and-OH compared with ganoderic acids, which had been reduced from 8 to 5 cartons and prone to lose H_2O and CO_2. Then, six reported FXR receptor agonists were selected to form a training set for establishing a pharmacophore model based on FXR ligands. The 95 identified chemical constituents of G. lucidum were matched with the pharmacophore, and the optimal pharmacophore model 02(sensitivity=0.750 00, specificity=0.555 56, ROC=0.750) was selected for the virtual screening of the G. lucidum compound library through the validation of the test set. Finally, 31 potential G. lucidum active constituents were screened and chosen to activate the FXRs. The ADMET results showed that ganoderic acid H and lucidenic acid J had less than 90% plasma protein binding rate and no hepatotoxicity, which could be used as FXR activators for developing clinical drugs for the treatment of liver fibrosis, either alone or in combination.

PM2D: A parallel GPU-based code for the kinetic simulation of laser plasma instabilities at large scales

Laser plasma instabilities (LPIs) have significant influences on the laser energy deposition efficiency and therefore are important processes in inertial confined fusion (ICF). Numerical simulations play important roles in revealing the complex physics of LPIs. Since LPIs are typically a three wave coupling process, the precise simulations of LPIs with kinetic effects require to resolve the laser period (around one femtosecond) and laser wavelength (less than one micron). In the typical ICF experiments, however, LPIs are involved in a spatial scale of several millimeters and a temporal scale of several nanoseconds. Therefore, the precise kinetic simulations of LPIs in such scales require huge computational resources and are hard to be carried out by present kinetic codes like particle-in-cell (PIC) codes. In this paper, a full wave fluid model of LPIs is constructed and numerically solved by the particle-mesh method, where the plasma is described by macro particles that can move across the mesh grids freely. Based upon this model, a two-dimensional (2D) GPU code named PM2D is developed. The PM2D code can simulate the kinetic effects of LPIs self-consistently as normal PIC codes. Moreover, as the physical model adopted in the PM2D code is specifically constructed for LPIs, the required macro particles per grid in the simulations can be largely reduced and thus overall simulation cost is considerably reduced comparing with PIC codes. More importantly, the numerical noise in the PM2D code is much lower, which makes it more robust than PIC codes in the simulation of LPIs for the long-time scale above 10 picoseconds. After the distributed computing is realized, our PM2D code is able to run on GPU clusters with a total mesh grids up to several billions, which meets the requirements for the simulations of LPIs at ICF experimental scale with reasonable cost. Program summaryProgram Title: PM2DCPC Library link to program files:https://doi.org/10.17632/xscj6vnkkw.1Licensing provisions: GNU General Public License v3.0.Programming language: C++, CUDA.Nature of problem: Although the large scale simulations of laser plasma instabilities (LPIs) is of great significance for the inertial confinement fusion (ICF), there is still no suitable code to simulate these problems. PM2D code based on a GPU platform provides an effective method to simulate these large scale problems in ICF.Solution method: A fluid model for LPIs is established firstly, which contains wave equations that describe the laser propagating process, electron and ion fluid equations that describe the plasma motions, and a Poisson's equation that describes the electrostatic field induced by charge separation. The wave equation is solved on a rectangular region using absorption boundary conditions on all of four boundaries. The absorption boundary condition on the left boundary is further extended to allow the incidence of driven lasers and absorption of scattering lasers simultaneously. The fluid equations in the physical model are solved by the particle-mesh method, in which the macro particles are driven to move by fluid forces. Since macro particles can move freely within the fixed fluid grids, the PM2D code can capture the kinetic effects self-consistently. The Poisson's equation for the electrostatic field is solved by a Fourier decomposition method in the y direction, which helps to decrease the simulation cost greatly. The PM2D code is developed on a GPU platform base on CUDA toolkit, which largely increase the computational speed.

Novel conductive Janus membranes with water diode effect assisted by an electrostatic field for efficient mass transfer and oil-water separation

Membrane separation technology is effective for treating oily wastewater but is limited by the lack of membranes that are both highly permeable and fouling-resistant. Janus membranes, with asymmetric wettability and electrostatic repulsion of charged oil droplets, offer a potential strategy for oil-water separation. This study developed novel electrically enhanced conductive Janus membranes using metal-modified organic membranes to achieve high-efficiency treatment. Conductive metal Janus membranes were fabricated using a straightforward two-step method involving simple electroless nickel plating and surface peeling. The resulting nickel-coated surface of the membrane demonstrated extreme hydrophilicity, underwater oleophobicity, and excellent conductivity (approximately 4.7 Ω). Fascinatingly, the developed membranes exhibited a “water diode” effect, facilitating unidirectional liquid transport without external pressure. Gravity-driven oil-water separation achieved a flux rate of 4874 L m−2 h−1 and over 99 % oil removal efficiency, surpassing most existing studies. During electro-filtration of oil-water emulsions, the conductive Janus membrane as a cathode generated electrostatic repulsion, preventing emulsified oil droplet adhesion. Applying an external voltage increased the flux by approximately 13 times and oil removal efficiency to 99.6 %. The membrane's separation capability remained consistent across six cycle tests, demonstrating robust stability. As all, this work first synthesized conductive “water diode” Janus membranes with high oil-water separation efficiency, offering fresh perspectives on the design and fabrication of Janus membranes as well as on the processes for treating oily wastewater.

High energy neutral atom emission from rear side of foils

Intense laser pulses focused onto a solid micron foil target are best known for generation of large electrostatic sheath fields at the target rear and acceleration of protons to MeV energies. The fact that such acceleration schemes also generate fast neutral atoms has received comparatively less attention. A quantitative assessment of the neutralization fraction reveals novel and often unexpected aspects of electron-ion interaction in regions far from dense plasmas. At the rear side of laser irradiated foil, a few hundred keV accelerated neutral Hydrogen atoms are observed. Neutralisation fraction is much larger than that anticipated from the collisional charge transfer and is about 300% larger for ions of ⩽ 100 keV energy. Corroborated by particle-in-cell simulations, the larger neutralisation fraction is attributed to electron-recombination as the protons co-propagate with the low energy electrons.

Numerical Solution to Poisson’s Equation for Estimating Electrostatic Properties Resulting from an Axially Symmetric Gaussian Charge Density Distribution: Charge in Free Space

Poisson’s equation frequently emerges in many fields, yet its exact solution is rarely feasible, making the numerical approach notably valuable. This study aims to provide a tutorial-level guide to numerically solving Poisson’s equation, focusing on estimating the electrostatic field and potential resulting from an axially symmetric Gaussian charge distribution. The Finite Difference Method is utilized to discretize the desired spatial domain into a grid of points and approximate the derivatives using finite difference approximations. The resulting system of linear equations is then tackled using the Successive Over-Relaxation technique. Our results suggest that the potential obtained from the direct integration of the distance-weighted charge density is a reasonable choice for Dirichlet boundary conditions. We examine a scenario involving a charge in free space; the numerical electrostatic potential is estimated to be within a tolerable error range compared to the exact solution.

A feasible strategy for triboelectric separation of coal-series kaolin using a cascade electrostatic field

The coal-series kaolin in China possesses abundant resources, and its efficient utilization can be promoted by separation. In this paper, a cascade electrostatic field was designed for the triboelectric separation of coal-series kaolin. The motion behavior of charged particles with different size fraction in cascade electrostatic field was investigated by high-speed dynamic camera system, and the distribution characteristic of charge-to-mass ratio of products was analyzed by the coulometer. The influence of key operating parameters (e.g., feed speed, rotation speed and plate voltage) on product distribution were studied by electric separation test. The results indicated that the charge-to-mass ratio of the product after separation has the characteristics of cascade distribution. In addition, compared with 0.05–0.25 mm and 0.25–0.125 mm, the dispersion performance of 0.125–0.074 mm coal-series kaolin in the cascade electrostatic field was poor. For 0.5–0.25 mm, 0.125–0.25 mm and 0.074–0.125 mm coal-series kaolin, the decarburization efficiency after separation in cascade electric field was 47.09 %, 53.48 % and 44.63 %, respectively. Our study indicates that the setting of cascade electrostatic field achieved efficient purification and enrichment of coal-series kaolin.

AI-based 3D-QSAR model of FDA-approved repurposed drugs for inhibiting sclerostin

BACKGROUND: Wnt activation promotes bone formation and prevents bone loss. The Wnt pathway antagonist sclerostin and additional anti-sclerostin antibodies were discovered as a result of the development of the monoclonal antibody romosozumab. These monoclonal antibodies greatly increase the risk of cardiac arrest. Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSAR) predicts biological activities of ligands based on their three-dimensional features by employing powerful chemometric investigations such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) and partial least squares (PLS). OBJECTIVE: In this study, ligand-receptor interactions were investigated using 3D-QSAR Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA). Estimates of steric and electrostatic characteristics in CoMFA are made using Lennard-Jones and Coulomb potentials. METHODS: To identify the conditions necessary for the activity of these molecules, fifty Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications were chosen for 3D-QSAR investigations and done by CoMFA. For QSAR analysis, there are numerous tools available. This study employed Open 3D-QSAR for analysis due to its simplicity of use and capacity to produce trustworthy results. Four tools were used for the analysis on this platform: Py-MolEdit, Py-ConfSearch, and Py-CoMFA. RESULTS: Maps that were generated were used to determine the screen’s r2 (Coefficient of Multiple Determinations) value and q2 (correlation coefficient). These numbers must be fewer than 1, suggesting a good, trustworthy model. Cross-validated (q2) 0.532 and conventional (r2) correlation values of 0.969 made the CoMFA model statistically significant. The model showed that hydroxamic acid inhibitors are significantly more sensitive to the steric field than the electrostatic field (70%) (30%). This hypothesis states that steric (43.1%), electrostatic (26.4%), and hydrophobic (20.3%) qualities were important in the design of sclerostin inhibitors. CONCLUSION: With 3D-QSAR and CoMFA, statistically meaningful models were constructed to predict ligand inhibitory effects. The test set demonstrated the model’s robustness. This research may aid in the development of more effective sclerostin inhibitors that are synthesised using FDA-approved medications.

The impact of particle deposition on collection efficiency of electret fibers

This study presents a microscale simulation method that allows one to study the impact of particle loading on the aerosol capture efficiency of an electrostatically charged filter. This was done by considering a bipolarly charged fiber loaded with different amounts of neutral and charged particles with a diameter of 300 nm. The simulations predicted the deposition pattern of the aerosol particles as well as their impact on the electrostatic field of the bipolar fiber. The particle-loaded fiber was then challenged with aerosol particles in the range of 50 nm to 1 μm and with different charge polarities to study how the electrostatic field of the deposited particles interacts with that of the fiber to attract or repel the incoming airborne particles. More specifically, our simulations revealed that particle deposition can enhance the capture efficiency of a bipolar fiber when it is challenged with small particles (smaller than about 400 nm) regardless of the charge polarity of the airborne or deposited particles. The numerical simulations reported in this paper were conducted using the ANSYS CFD code enhanced with in-house subroutines to superimpose the electrostatic field of the deposited particles to that of the bipolar fiber and to include Brownian, polarization, and Coulomb forces in particle trajectory calculations.

The molecular structure and spectra of diphenylmethane under the external electric field

Diphenylmethane (DPM) is an important raw material for organic synthesis. Due to its wide range of application, it has become a research hotspot. To study the effect of external electric field (EEF) on DPM, density functional theory (DFT) is employed to optimize the ground state geometry of DPM under electrostatic fields of 0–0.0125 a.u. (0–0.6428 × 1010 V/m), and the molecular total energy is obtained. On this basis, the vibrational frequencies of DPM under EEF are calculated, and its infrared (IR) spectra are obtained. Finally, the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is employed to investigate the change in the UV–Vis spectra of DPM under EEF. The results indicate that EEF has strong impact on the molecular geometry configuration. With the enhancement of EEF, the vibration Stark effect of IR spectra is obvious, the UV–Vis absorption peaks are significantly redshift, and the molecule molar absorption coefficient decreases gradually. This work provides theoretical support for the wider application, as well as reference significance for other aromatic compounds.

Development of a muon linac for the J-PARC Muon g − 2/EDM experiment

At Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), a muon linac is being developed for future muon g−2/Electric Dipole Moment (EDM) experiments. The muon linac starts with an ultra-slow muon (USM) source that generates muons with an extremely small momentum of 3 keV/c (kinetic energy W=25 meV) by laser ionization of thermal muonium. The generated USMs are accelerated to 5.6 keV by an electrostatic field and injected into a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ). The injected muons are accelerated to 0.34 MeV by the 324-MHz RFQ. Then, the energy of the muon beam is boosted to 4.5 MeV with a 324-MHz interdigital H-type drift tube linac (IH-DTL). Following the IH-DTL, 1296-MHz disk-and-washer (DAW) structures accelerate the muon up to 40 MeV. Finally, the muons are accelerated from 40 MeV to 212 MeV using a 2592-MHz disk-loaded traveling wave structure (DLS). In this paper, details of the linac design and the recent progress toward the realization of the world's first muon linac will be discussed.

Study on the electrostatic shedding and crushing characteristics of ethanol and diesel droplets

The study of electrostatic shedding and crushing characteristics of droplets is the basis of understanding electrostatic atomization, and the study of its shedding and crushing behavior in electrostatic field is conducted. Micropump drive is used to control the flow rate, electrostatic generation device to form a stable electric field, light lighting and high-speed camera to obtain the dynamic behavior of shedding and crushing process, and use digital image processing technology to extract the process parameters. The results show that: when the capillary tube diameter and flow are unchanged, when the electric field voltage is low, the droplet deviates and falls off, the diesel droplet is smaller than the ethanol; when the electric field voltage is moderate, the droplet is closed or deformed into wave strip; only when the flow rate increases and the electric field voltage is large, the average particle size of ethanol is smaller than diesel, indicating that the electrostatic atomization effect of ethanol with small surface tension is significantly better than that of diesel oil.

Portable Triboelectric Electrostatic Tweezer for External Manipulation of Droplets within a Closed Femtosecond Laser-Treated Superhydrophobic System.

Controllable droplet manipulation has diverse applications; however, limited methods exist for externally manipulating droplets in confined spaces. Herein, we propose a portable triboelectric electrostatic tweezer (TET) by integrating electrostatic forces with a superhydrophobic surface that can even manipulate droplets in an enclosed space. Electrostatic induction causes the droplet to be subjected to an electrostatic force in an electrostatic field so that the droplet can be moved freely with the TET on a superhydrophobic platform. Characterized by its high precision, flexibility, and robust binding strength, TET can manipulate droplets under various conditions and achieve a wide range of representative fluid applications such as droplet microreactors, precise self-cleaning, cargo transportation, the targeted delivery of chemicals, liquid sorting, soft droplet robotics, and cell labeling. Specifically, TET demonstrated the ability to manipulate internal droplets from the outside of a closed system, such as performing cell labeling experiments within a sealed Petri dish without opening the culture system.

Exploring the Potential Lipid-Lowering and Weight-Reducing Mechanisms of FH06 Fermented Beverages Based on Non-Targeted Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology

Investigating the intricate pathways through which FH06 fermentation broth exerts lipid-lowering and weight-loss effects is pivotal for advancing our comprehension of metabolic regulation and therapeutic interventions. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole electrostatic field orbit trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE-MS) detection and the ChEMBL database were used to determine the effective compounds in the FH06 fermentation broth and predict their targets. The TTD database and DisGeNET database were used to query obesity-related targets. The STRING database was used to construct protein interaction information. The Gene Ontology (GO) database and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database were used to perform biological function annotation (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the targets. Results: A total of 85 effective compounds were screened from the fermentation broth of FH06; these compounds may act on TP53, PPARG, TNF, and other targets through 10 signaling pathways, such as the chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation and lipid and atherosclerosis pathways, and exert pharmacological effects, such as hypoglycemic effects and weight loss. They also have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and immunoregulatory effects. These findings reveal the active ingredients of FH06 fermentation broth and its multi-target and multi-channel characteristics in lipid lowering and weight loss. This study has positive implications for the clinical treatment of obesity using FH06, providing a theoretical and scientific basis for further developing of FH06-assisted lipid-lowering products.

Numerical analysis of potential in electrostatic amplitude caused by paint splashing

In this research, the behavior of an electric field caused by the mechanism of electrostatic painting has been investigated using the finite element method and FLEXPDE software. The aim of this study is to optimize the electrostatic spraying performance of the paint sprayer by investigating the potential field in the paint nozzle. The results show that the potential and the electric field can be solved at any given point and displayed graphically. Additionally, changing the 2D rectangular covering surface to a circular one increased the potential value reached on the covering surface by 10 percent. The amount of electric potential and electrostatic field in the direction perpendicular to the x-axis is shown to be symmetrical and equal for y > 0 and y < 0. The size of the spray opening/hole is a significant factor in reaching paint particles to the coating surface. Doubling the size of the spray opening increased the potential value on the coating surface by 54.3 percent, while halving it decreased the potential value by 75 percent.

Study on the relationship between electric field perception and distance factor of direct current overhead line

Abstract The main reason for line collision accidents in offline construction is that construction personnel have an insufficient perception of distance. In the range of viewing angles, due to the lack of reference objects, people lack a correct judgment of the actual height of overhead lines. Voltage, as the most direct electrical volume, has always been a key indicator of electrical protection. In this paper, the feasibility of electrostatic induction is verified through the combination of electrostatic field simulation and experiment, and the influencing factors of electrostatic induction are studied. The results show that electrostatic induction is strongly related to the environmental angle, and the inductive voltage increases with the increase of the high voltage side, and the increased amplitude gradually increases. In addition, the induction distance and the shape of the receiving antenna have an impact on the effect of electrostatic induction. However, the induction distance has the greatest influence on the electrostatic induction effect, followed by the length and diameter of the induction conductor. The research of this paper plays a technical guiding role in the distance measurement of transmission lines based on electric fields.

The influence of storage conditions on the quality of Schisandra chinensis fruits: A integrated investigation of constituent and antioxidant activity

Schisandra chinensis is a functional fruit with tonic effect and was widely used by traditional Chinese medicine for treatment and health care. The quality of Schisandra chinensis fruit may vary by different storage condition. In this study, the influence of ambient temperature, humidity, packaging materials and period of storage on the quality of Schisandra chinensis fruits were investigated. The contents of main active components lignans and organic acids were simultaneously determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC Orbitrap HRMS). The antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH radical scavenging capacity, ABTS+ inhibition rate and FRAP value. The correlation of multicomponent and antioxidant activity was analyzed by grey relevance analysis. Taking the changes of multicomponent and antioxidant activity as investigation index, Schisandra chinensis fruits under different storage conditions was comprehensively evaluated. Schisandrol A, malic acid, sorbic acid, schizandrin A, schizandrin B, and schisandrol B were the main effective components of antioxidant activity. Ambient temperature at 5 °C and humidity at 40 % were more suitable for Schisandra chinensis fruits and kraft paper bag was better packaging material. Do not exceed 1 year was the effective storage period. For the safety evaluation, no aflatoxin was detected within the storage period of 2 years, demonstrated the storage was satisfactory. This study provided a reference for the high-quality storage and standardized operating procedures for storage of Schisandra chinensis fruits.

The potential of a uniformly charged planar structure with shape of a rose curve

The electric potential U(θ) of a uniformly charged plane with a rose-curve shape (referred to as a ‘rose disk’) satisfies a ‘roselike curve function,’ and there exists an asymptotic expression for the potential when the observation point is far from the rose disk. To validate the accuracy of the model, a constant electric current field was employed to simulate the electrostatic field. The potential distribution characteristics of uniformly charged circular discs and trilobal rose discs in the experimental setting were equivalently obtained by the experiment of electrolytic tank. The results indicate that under the non-idealized constraints of real experimental conditions, the asymptotic formula can be used as an analytical method to quickly study the rose disk potential.

Urea-formaldehyde resin room temperature phosphorescent material with ultra-long afterglow and adjustable phosphorescence performance

Organic room-temperature phosphorescence materials have attracted extensive attention, but their development is limited by the stability and processibility. Herein, based on the on-line derivatization strategy, we report the urea-formaldehyde room-temperature phosphorescence materials which are constructed by polycondensation of aromatic diamines with urea and formaldehyde. Excitingly, urea-formaldehyde room-temperature phosphorescence materials achieve phosphor lifetime up to 3326 ms. There may be two ways to enhance phosphorescence performance, one is that the polycondensation of aromatic diamine with urea and formaldehyde promotes spin-orbit coupling, and another is that the imidazole derivatives derived from the condensation of aromatic o-diamine with formaldehyde maintains low levels of energy level difference and spin-orbit coupling, thus achieving ultra-long afterglow. Surprisingly, urea-formaldehyde room-temperature phosphorescence materials exhibit tunable phosphorescence emission in electrostatic field. Accordingly, 1,4-phenylenediamine, urea, and formaldehyde are copolymerized and self-assembled into phosphorescence microspheres with different electrostatic potential strengths. By mixing 1 wt% 1,4-phenylenediamine polycondensation microspheres with 1,4-phenylenediamine free microspheres, phosphor lifetime of the composite could be regulated from 27 ms to 123 ms. Moreover, vulcanization process enables precise shaping of urea-formaldehyde room-temperature phosphorescence materials. This work not only demonstrates that urea-formaldehyde room-temperature phosphorescence materials are promising candidates for organic phosphors, but also exhibits the phenomenon of electrostatically regulated phosphorescence.