Electronic Parking Research Articles

An Economical Multilevel Backup Strategy for Electro-Hydraulic Braking System by Integrating Driving and Electronic Parking Brake Systems

An Economical Multilevel Backup Strategy for Electro-Hydraulic Braking System by Integrating Driving and Electronic Parking Brake Systems

PERCEPTION DIMENSIONS OF THE USE OF ELECTRONIC PARKING IN TRADITIONAL MARKETS AS AN EFFORT TO INCREASE REGIONAL ORIGINAL INCOME

Electronic parking is one of the public service innovations that has the potential to increase local revenue in Ponorogo Regency. This innovation takes the form of an application that regulates parking in market areas that tend to be congested by utilizing technology such as parking sensors and applications, drivers can easily find available parking spaces and make payments electronically and also manually. The phenomenon in market parking management research is that it is not yet optimal in terms of service to the community and maximizing regional income from the market parking levy sector. This research aims to examine the dimensions of public perception regarding the use of market electronic parking as a strategy to increase Regional Original Income and evaluate user perceptions of the trust and economic benefits of electronic parking at Tonatan Market, Ponorogo. This research uses a method with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique uses an interactive approach using triangulation techniques such as observation, interviews, questionnaires and document retrieval. Samples were taken from Tonathan market parking users totaling seven informants. The research results show that there are people who support and do not support electronic parking innovation. The Department of Trade, Cooperatives and Micro Enterprises of Ponorogo Regency also supports the innovation of electronic parking because it can increase regional income.

Design of a Novel Linkage for Electronic Parking Brake Transmission Systems

Abstract This paper presents a novel mechanical transmission for pulling-cable electronic parking brakes (EPBs). The system is interposed between the brake electric actuator and the brake pads, and it exploits a 2DOF planar linkage to provide the requested brake force and ensure the correct vehicle standstill. This paper describes the working principles and main component of the adopted architecture, and compares it with the EPB state of the art. Thereafter, the paper focuses on the system requirements and consequent functional design. A first prototype of the presented mechanical transmission is then presented to discuss the role of a mechanical engagement within the system to ensure its proper behavior. In conclusion, the EPB drive motor assessment is discussed on the basis of a simplified drive chain dynamic model.

Formation and prevention of turning crack of screw for electronic parking brake system

The cracking of screws made from medium-carbon cold heading steel for the electronic parking brake system was studied through the analysis of the microstructure and the systematic investigation of the whole process, and the corresponding improvement measures were proposed at last. Results showed that the cracks initiated at the root of the threads due to insufficient plasticity generated by the large pressure during thread rolling were the resource of the fracture, which was further extruded during the turning process, while the centering condition was not well. It was necessary to adjust the appropriate parameters of rolling pressure and rolling time to avoid heavy work hardening and also pay attention to the cleanness on the surface of the rolling plate or the wheel.

STRATEGI DINAS PERHUBUNGAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN PARKIR DI KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO

This study aims to determine and analyze the strategy of the Department of Transportation in improving parking services in Bojonegoro Regency and find out what further actions are needed by the government in an effort to improve parking services in Bojonegoro Regency through SWOT analysis by looking at internal factors regarding strengths and weaknesses, as well as external factors, namely opportunities (threats) and threats (opportunities) at the Bojonegoro Regency Transportation Office. This research method is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Determination of informants in this study using a purposive sampling method. The samples in this study were the Head of the Parking Management Section of the Transportation Agency, parking attendants, and the people of Bojonegoro Regency. The results of this study, the unavailability of electronic parking parking that makes people prefer illegal parking in order to avoid illegal levies or excessive payments, a very strategic strategy was found, namely by providing electronic parking at several parking spots to make it easier for people to make payments and minimize illegal levies which can result in a decrease in local revenue from parking.

Effectiveness the Use of Electronic Parking as the Implementation of Smart City in Semarang

In order to advance Semarang City, the Semarang City Government consistently strives to realize branding with the concept of a smart city. The most visible effort to implement smart cities is through electronic parking. The implementation of the smart city concept using electronic parking in Semarang City, one of which is located in the MT Haryono Street corridor. The purpose of this study is to find out the effective level of electronic parking as the application of smart city in Semarang City studied in the ERG theory of basic needs by Clayton Alderfer. The method used is a qualitative descriptive research approach through the need for the use of electronic parking, while data collection techniques through field observation, interviews, and documentation on location objects located in the MT Haryono Street Semarang City. The result of this study is that electronic parking in the MT Haryono corridor is not effective and is not the main factor in basic needs for Semarang residents. Semarang residents do not know much about the existence and feel the benefits of electronic parking. The government needs to socialize with residents about the existence and use of electronic parking.

ANALISA KEBUTUHAN LAHAN PARKIR PASAR PURI PATI

Puri Market, which is located on Jalan Colonel Sunandar, precisely in the center of Pati Regency, is a traditional market which is the basis for the people of Pati to sell and buy all life-sustaining needs. This needs to be taken into account considering that the existence of an activity center must have as few parking areas as possible. Therefore, this study was carried out with the aim of providing recommendations for parking characteristics, parking space capacity and planning the most optimal parking layout for Puri Pati Market. Conditions are reviewed on 1 weekend and 3 weekdays. Namely Sunday, Monday, Wednesday and Thursday. From 06.00 to 12.00. The data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. The results of the research are that the characteristics of motorbike parking spaces for the Puri Pati Market area are 345 SRP which is in accordance with the 1996 Directorate General of Land Transportation standards. At Puri Pati Market There are also no entrances and exits that use electronic parking. With the existing motorbike parking space capacity of 280 SRP at Puri Pati Market, it can still meet existing parking needs. From the calculations that have been carried out, it is known that the need for motorbike parking space at Puri Pati Market is 345 SRP. In planning the parking layout using a 90º angle in the motorbike and car parking area as planned, namely being able to accommodate 280 motorbikes and 100 cars. With a comparison using an angle of 60º, we get only 152 motorbikes and 80 cars per plot.

Application of The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Method to Analyze Customer Acceptance Level of Electronic Parking Payment Systems

This research aims to find out which variables most influence user acceptance of electronic payment systems. Researchers used a quantitative approach in their research. The students who used motorcycles and electronic payment methods made up the study's population. sampling strategy that combines purposive sampling with the non-probability sampling technique. There were one hundred responders in the study's entire sample. Researchers used observation, interviews, surveys, and related literature to gather the information they needed for this investigation. The elements that were demonstrated to have an impact on users' acceptance of electronic payment systems were behavioral intention, use behavior, social influence, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and facilitating conditions, according to the research findings. The variable that most influences user acceptance of electronic payment systems is facilitating conditions for use behavior, which shows that users repeatedly use electronic payment systems because the management has adequate facilities and infrastructure and is commonly used in other public parking lots, such as card readers for tapping in and exit parking, as well as staff who help if there are difficulties and sufficient knowledge in using them.

ANALISIS ELECTRONIC PARKING UNTUK MENDUKUNG PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (PAD) KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR

There are several sources of Regional Own-Source Revenue (PAD) in accordance with Law number 1 of 2022, one of which is parking fees that falls under local fees. To optimize and enhance the Regional Own-Source Revenue (PAD), professional and transparent management of parking fees is necessary. This study aims to determine the design of an information system, its effectiveness, and the advantages and disadvantages of using an electronic parking system for paying parking fees in Indragiri Hilir Regency. This research falls within the realm of qualitative research. The data sources used in this study include primary and secondary data. Data was collected through interviews, observations, documentation, and literature review. Data analysis techniques employed encompass data collection, data reduction, data presentation, verification, and conclusions. The management of parking fees still encounters several obstacles, including a lack of field supervision, exploitation by irresponsible individuals taking advantage of negligence for personal gain, and incomplete allocation of parking revenue to local governments. One solution to address leakages in the management of parking fee funds is the implementation of electronic parking, enabling effective monitoring of all parking-related aspects, thereby contributing to an increase in Regional Own-Source Revenue from the local fee sector, specifically parking fees.

Driving Revenues: How Makassar Raya Parking Sets Its Financial Targets

This study focuses on the financial management of parking revenues in Makassar City, particularly as it pertains to the standards set by Raya Regional Parking Company, City of Makassar. The aim is to scrutinize the established revenue targets and the actual implementation of parking tariffs, considering the Local Regulation No. 17 of 2006 and the financial relationship between central and regional governments as stipulated by Indonesian Law No. 1 of 2022. The research employs a qualitative methodology to delve into the intricacies of revenue management, compliance with parking locations, and the setting of parking tariffs. Primary and secondary data sources, including interviews with officials from Makassar Raya Regional Parking Company, City of Makassar, and other stakeholders, provide a foundation for the study. The interactive and ongoing analysis model facilitates the data reduction, presentation, and conclusion processes. Findings indicate that there is a discrepancy between the set revenue targets and actual realizations, with parking tariff enforcement demonstrating weaknesses, especially with unofficial parking attendants charging inconsistent fees. The study reveals that while annual targets are based on detailed revenue potential evaluations, quarterly reviews highlight shortcomings in achieving these goals. The study suggests the need for stricter enforcement and monitoring of parking management to meet revenue and dividend targets. Implementing an electronic parking system and incentivizing attendants to meet or exceed targets may enhance performance and revenue management. The collaboration with city government can align parking regulations with strategic revenue management goals while serving public interests.

Electronic parking algorithm of new energy vehicle on slope based on FMPC

Since the unique structure and transmission mode of new energy vehicles, the problem of parking prediction and control has always been the focus of its research. Therefore, to handle the predictive control problem of new energy vehicles in slope environments, the FMPC algorithm is applied to replace the core PID controller of new energy vehicles, and it is effectively validated using automotive simulation software on different slopes and vehicle masses. The experimental results indicate that new energy vehicles with FMPC algorithm can complete parking in about 6 s under different slopes and vehicle masses, while the PID algorithm may experience shaking and displacement. The FMPC algorithm proposed in the study achieves better results in electronic parking control of new energy vehicles on slopes, effectively improving the parking stability of new energy vehicles, which has practicality in practical slope parking of new energy vehicles.

Implementation Of Electronic Parking Terminal (TPE) Policy In The Regional Public Services Agency (Blud) Parking Department Of Transportation In Bandung City

ABSTRACT
 One of the receipts for regional retribution is the revenue from regional levies. Parking levies on public roads are one of the regional levies that contribute to local revenue. The Bandung City Government has implemented the Electronic Parking Terminal (TPE) program as an effort to minimize parking problems in the city of Bandung and to increase parking retribution income. The implementation of TPE still has many problems. TPE does not run optimally, people still choose to pay the parking attendant.
 The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach regarding the implementation of the Electronic Parking Terminal Program (TPE) Policy in the Regional Public Service Agency (BLUD) Parking at the Bandung City Transportation Service. Data collection techniques used are interview, documentation, and observation techniques. The data analysis uses the data reduction method, and data presentation, while the data validation test uses triangulation.
 The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the TPE Policy in Bandung City has been implemented but is not optimal, this is indicated by the fact that there are still many users who prefer to pay for parking to the parking attendant. And the ineffectiveness of socialization from the implementers of this program policy so that many people are not aware of the Electronic Parking Terminal program.
 Several efforts have been made to overcome the obstacles that occur, including by providing education and outreach to all related elements, recruiting employees, increasing the competence of existing Human Resources, conducting periodic coaching and giving rewards, and making proposals for regional regulations to the Legislative.

Exploring the Influence of Parking Penalties on Bike-Sharing System with Willingness Constraints: A Case Study of Beijing, China

Dockless bike-sharing has experienced explosive growth, establishing itself as an integral component of urban public transport systems. Challenges such as parking violations have spurred operators and users to pursue standardized management. While electronic parking spots are employed to promote standard parking, suboptimal parking layouts can lead to illegal parking. Inadequate post-violation penalties fail to achieve standard parking, while excessive punishment diminishes user engagement. This study combines parking spot density and penalties to incentivize standard parking, and Beijing, China, was selected as the research object. Using an SP questionnaire survey, a binary logistic model analyzes bike-sharing users’ standard parking behavior and willingness to adhere to different rules. Findings reveal that optimal walking distances range from 300 to 450 m for service levels and exceed 400 m for service efficiency. Influential factors include gender, age, occupation, usage behavior, and travel preferences. Users with high-frequency, low-convenience expectations, low travel costs, and flexible travel exhibit strong adherence. Additionally, user acceptance of the maximum distances without penalties follows an exponential distribution, with 80% accepting 400 m and 40% accepting 800 m. Enforcement has a visible effect within 300 m, but diminishes with longer distances. Excessive penalties result in significant user loss.

Penerapan elektronik parkir (e-parkir) di kota Surakarta

<p><em>This research aims to: 1) provide a description of the application of electronic parking (E-Parking) in the city of Surakarta; 2) find out what efforts are being made to minimize leakage of parking retribution on Regional Original Income (PAD) and progressive rates on the application of electronic parking (E-Parking) in Surakarta City. This research uses descriptive qualitative research with a case study approach. This research was conducted at Dr. Radjiman Street and Gatot Subroto Street. Research data was obtained from informants, events, and documents with purposive and snowball sampling. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documents. The validity of the data was obtained through methodological triangulation and sources. The data analysis technique uses interactive data analysis. The results showed that the implementation of e-parking in Surakarta City included: (1) planning and preparation of e-parking administration completeness; (2) e-parking socialization in Surakarta City; (3) filling in the balance and paying for e-parking; and (4) monitoring and evaluating the implementation of e-parking. As for the efforts of the Department of Transportation in minimizing the leakage of parking levies on Regional Revenue and progressive tariffs on the implementation of Electronic Parking (e-parking), they include: (1) Cooperation with Legal Entity Institutions as Parking managers; (2) implementation of e-parking in Surakarta City.</em></p>

Implementation of Knowledge Management in the Electronic Parking System for Public Roadsides

Regulation of public roadside parking levies with knowledge management can help local governments to increase their productivity, performance, and income so that progress and alignment are created under the Local Government Medium-Term Development Plan. The vision and policy direction taken by the local government aims to increase people's welfare based on religious and cultural values. One implementation of knowledge management is the use of an electronic parking system. E-parking or electronic parking is a condition where parking management is carried out systematically using a parking information system. E-parking systems that can be implemented on the public roadside can also increase efficiency in parking transactions. This research was conducted at several public roadside parking points in Ponorogo, Indonesia. The methods is qualitative which interviews and research team had discussion with the parking attendants and representatives of the Department of Transportation and the Agency for Revenue, Financial Management and Regional Assets of Ponorogo regarding implementing the E-parking system. This system consists of electronic records with Android-based applications synchronized on website-based applications and using handheld-pos. The results showed that this system could improve the weaknesses of conventional systems and increase the productivity of parking service managers as a form of service to customers.

«Парк-ассистент» - система помощи при парковке для автопоезда

Almost daily drivers of road trains (RT) have to maneuver in cramped conditions, including moving in reverse, which is a significant difficulty. The existing electronic parking sensors systems are implemented only for single cars. The available publications concerning the RT are devoted to the search for optimal control algorithms without the driver participation. The purpose of this study is to develop «Park Assistant» (PA) system that helps the driver to maneuver the RT in reverse in difficult conditions. To do this, using the «navigation system», the current situation is estimated and modeled, the initial coordinates of the RT and the planned parking place are determined. Using the mathematical model of the RT, the trajectory of the «optimal movement of the tractor and semi-trailer» is calculated. The optimal trajectory of the RT in reverse and the steering wheel rotation algorithm are calculated using a specially developed program. The actions of the driver to perform the parking maneuver of the RT are reduced to the implementation of recommendations on the screen of the PA. The theoretical and practical results obtained contribute to the development of promising autonomous motor transport.

Implementasi Program Parkir Elektronik (E-Parkir) di Kota Surakarta

This study aims to describe the implementation of the electronic parking program in Surakarta City and also the factors that influence the program implementation process. This research method is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, documentation, and observation. The sampling technique was purposive sampling and the validity of the data was through technical and source triangulation. Data analysis techniques were carried out by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the implementation show that the E-Parking program in Surakarta City is divided into four stages, namely the Planning Stage, Empowerment Stage, Implementation Stage, Monitoring and Evaluation Stage. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the implementation of the E-Parking program has not fully met the aspects of compliance with the rules. As in the empowerment stage, when the socialization of e-parking to the community was not optimal, at the implementation stage there were still parking attendants who did not use tools. The obstacles found in the implementation are communication with the community and human resources, namely the quality and awareness of parking attendants is still lacking because some parking attendants do not use e-parking tools to collect parking fees. While the supporting factors for the implementation of e-parking are budgetary resources, disposition, and also the bureaucratic structure.

EFISIENSI PENGELOLAAN MANAJEMEN PARKIR OFFSTREET TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH KOTA BANDA ACEH

The development of the transportation system in Banda Aceh City every year experiences a very significant development. This has an impact on inadequate transportation facilities and infrastructure. This problem urges the Banda Aceh city government, especially agencies related to the Department of Transportation, to be able to overcome problems that arise such as congestion and limited parking space. This study aims to determine the role of the Banda Aceh City Transportation Service, the factors that support and hinder the implementation of electronic off-street parking in Banda Aceh City and the amount of PAD received from the off-street parking sector. The result of this research is that the Banda Aceh City Transportation Service is responsible for offstreet parking management management on Jl. T. Panglima Nyak Makam and the supporting factors are reducing congestion, preventing PAD leakage, making parking management more orderly, while the inhibiting factors are limited parking space, budget and implementation of the non-cash payment system that has not been 100% implemented. The results of data analysis of the average number of two-wheeled vehicles are 550 vehicles per day and four-wheeled vehicles are 213 vehicles. Revenue per day for two-wheeled vehicles Rp. 550,000 and 4-wheeled vehicles Rp. 426,000. If accumulated for 1 year of Rp. 356,240,000 compared to the manual parking system in 2016 of Rp. 32,770,000, the application of this electronic parking system has increased by 987% per year.

Kajian Dalam Pengawasan Sistem Parkir Elektronik di Kota Bandung

Decentralization has granted local governments the right to control fund from original local government revenue (Pendapatan Asli Daerah - PAD). A significant source of local revenue in Bandung comes from parking fees. Since 2017, the Municipal Government of Bandung has innovated parking retribution management by implementing an electronic parking machine system for several parking locations located along the side of the road. However, a problem arises when the parking machine in Bandung does not substantially enhance parking management. This study aims to examine the supervision undertaken by the Bandung city government for the implementation of electronic parking machines. This study was conducted on the implementation of an electronic parking system using supervisory theory. Several hindrance factors and problems were identified due to the state of the city government's supervision of electronic parking machines. Inadequate supervision and poor reporting by field officers lead to illegal levies and damage to electronic parking machines. It was determined that improving coordination between the Department of Transportation and other relevant agencies, such as the Bandung City Revenue Service and the Civil Service Police Unit, would improve the supervision quality. Developing specific rules and regulations to regulate electronic parking machines is necessary.

Kajian Dalam Pengawasan Sistem Parkir Elektronik di Kota Bandung

Decentralization has granted local governments the right to control fund from original local government revenue (Pendapatan Asli Daerah - PAD). A significant source of local revenue in Bandung comes from parking fees. Since 2017, the Municipal Government of Bandung has innovated parking retribution management by implementing an electronic parking machine system for several parking locations located along the side of the road. However, a problem arises when the parking machine in Bandung does not substantially enhance parking management. This study aims to examine the supervision undertaken by the Bandung city government for the implementation of electronic parking machines. This study was conducted on the implementation of an electronic parking system using supervisory theory. Several hindrance factors and problems were identified due to the state of the city government's supervision of electronic parking machines. Inadequate supervision and poor reporting by field officers lead to illegal levies and damage to electronic parking machines. It was determined that improving coordination between the Department of Transportation and other relevant agencies, such as the Bandung City Revenue Service and the Civil Service Police Unit, would improve the supervision quality. Developing specific rules and regulations to regulate electronic parking machines is necessary.