Electronic Items Research Articles

Classification of Electronic Waste Components through X-ray and Neutron-Based Imaging Techniques.

In modern society, the amount of e-waste is growing year by year. Waste electronic items are complex, highly heterogeneous systems, containing organic material as well as several exotic, valuable, toxic, mostly metallic elements. In this study, the potential of X-ray and neutron radiography to reveal the inner structure of various complex e-waste was investigated. The images obtained using the two techniques were evaluated together to investigate the possibility of a more efficient segmentation of the individual components. The advantages and limitations of the two methods were identified for the studied waste types. X-ray radiography was found to be preferable for the identification of small metallic parts and for revealing the internal structure of e-waste with thick plastic coatings. Neutron radiography allowed for the identification of several components that did not provide sufficient contrast with X-ray imaging due to their similar X-ray attenuation compared to their surroundings. The combination of the two methods opens up new opportunities and could provide much more effective segmentation than either method alone.

Optimal advertising structure in the presence of a platform owner’s entry

As consumer demand for mobile electronic items (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, or wearables) rises, advertising competition among electronics manufacturers becomes more intense. Moreover, platform owners that offer platforms for electronics manufacturers may use private labels to enter the manufacturers’ market, which further prompts the manufacturers to advertise in response to platform entry. We study how a platform owner’s entry affects advertising and price competition for a strong manufacturer and a weak manufacturer who are differentiated in production costs and advertising efficiency, and reveal the impacts of platform entry and two typical revenue models on the optimal advertising structures of supply chain members in the platform-based market. In the absence of entry, we discover that a relatively larger production cost advantage induces only the strong manufacturer to advertise while a relatively higher advertising efficiency advantage induces only the weak manufacturer to advertise in the wholesale model. In the bundling model, we show that the platform is always beneficial from the advertising of the manufacturer who can generate higher marginal revenue. With entry, our analysis reveals how the production cost of the platform and the differences in advertising efficiency between the manufacturers affect the optimal advertising structure. In particular, we find that as the production cost increases, the platform first prefers only the weak manufacturer to advertise and then both manufacturers to advertise. In practice, our findings have significant managerial implications for platform owners and electronics manufacturers engaged in advertising competition.

A Systematic Empirical Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithm on Energy Prediction

The energy crisis has alerted all scientists and researchers in every field. The evident increase in the usage of electronic items causes high electricity consumption. Especially in residential households and high-rise apartments, buildings show high electrical loads. This study is designed to forecast the energy need using AI prediction models and find the most efficient model to predict the future loads of any household considering its surroundings, like weather, air pressure, room temperature and others. This is a comprehensive comparative study that provides a comprehensive comparison between regression models. The finding of the study is that by using the optimum model, we can achieve the best results in predicting electricity load.

Peran Orang Tua Dalam Mengatasi Kecanduan Gadget Pada Anak Usia Dini

Gadgets are one of the electronic items that have become special devices that must be owned by every social creature, because with gadgets, all problems or affairs can be solved more easily and quickly. Addiction is an activity or substance that is done repeatedly and can cause negative effects. This study aims to determine the role of parents in overcoming gadget addiction in early childhood. The theory used in this study is the theory of Kwon, 2013. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques use interviews, observations, and documentation. Analyze data by means of data reduction, data presentation, and summary. The results of this study show the role of parents in overcoming children addicted to gadgets in early childhood.

Effect of air-annealing on the structure, surface morphology, and supercapacitive properties of the 2D-BiOCl nanosheets

Upright-standing nanosheets of bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl), synthesized via a facile chemical synthesis method and air-annealed from 50 to 600 ℃ temperatures (named BOC-50–600), are envisaged as electrochemical supercapacitor electrodes. These electrodes are initially screened for their surface morphology, elemental configuration, phase purity, and binding energy by various means. Due to changes in the surface morphology, phase, charge transfer resistance, and binding energy, the one annealed at 150 ℃ i.e., BOC-150 has offered targeted supercapacitive performance due to quasi-faradaic redox reactions in 6 M KOH electrolyte solution. The specific capacitance of the BOC-150 electrode, measured at 1.40–5.0 A/g current densities, varies from 264.6 to 95 F/g. The as-assembled BOC-150//BOC-150 symmetric supercapacitor device (SSD) demonstrates an efficient supercapacitive performance with a maximum 86.87 Wh/kg energy density and 3735 W/kg power density. Additionally, the as-designed SSD endows an admirable capacity retention of 81.6% for 5000 charge-discharge cycles, approving moderate chemical stability and considerable mechanical robustness for use in commercial electronic items.

Live Object Recognition Using YOLO

Abstract: Live object recognition refers to the real-time process of identifying and categorizing objects within a given visual input, such as images. This technology utilizes computer vision techniques and advanced algorithms to detect objects, determine their dimension, area and weight and often classify them into defined categories. Our system proposesR-CNN and YOLO to determine the dimensions of the objects in real time. YOLO takes a different approach by treating object detection as a single regression problem. A single neural network is trained to directly predict bounding boxes and class probabilities for multiple objects in an image. The input image is divided into a grid, and each grid cell is responsible for predicting the objects whose center fall within that cell. Live object recognition finds applications in various fields, including autonomous vehicles, surveillance systems, robotics,augmented reality, and more. By providing instantaneous and accurate insights into the surrounding environment, this technology contributes to enhanced decision-making,interaction, and automation across numerous domains. The objects which can be recognized are solid objects which we use daily such as electronic items, stationery items, culinary items and many more. Our system “Live Object Recognition using YOLO” is aimed to detect and determine the objects and dimensions in real time.

Offenders’ perspectives on acquisitive crime targets and stolen goods disposal methods

This paper examines offenders’ perspectives about acquisitive crime targets and stolen goods markets in Australia that have not been comprehensively reviewed since 2005. Over the last 18 years there have been significant changes in the rates of property crime, reductions in cash usage, and rapid movements to online markets as a disposal outlet, that motivate this updated analysis. In late 2022, n = 107 detainees in a Western Australian police watchhouse were interviewed about their property offending frequency, offence preferences, target selection, disposal methods, and estimated financial return for targeted goods. Results demonstrated (a) meaningful shifts towards shoplifting and away from the other stealing offences, (b) increases in stealing for personal consumption rather than selling on, (c) declines in preferences for small electronic items, (d) ongoing dependence on drug dealers as a preferred outlet for off-loading stolen goods, (e) disposal of stolen goods is still quick, easy, and typically offenders receive about one-third of the original purchase price for items, and (f) growth in the use of online markets to dispose of stolen goods. The theoretical and applied implications of these findings are discussed, emphasising the importance of opportunity-focused interventions to prevent crime.

Ipar 4.0 szemléletű tesztelés és validálás kialakításának hatásai az elektronikai gyártásban

The continuous demand increase of electronic items challenges the electronic manufacturing companies. The economic and manufacturing challenges, and the Industry 4.0 based solutions of having a great product portfolio of a regional, original equipment manufacturer are presented in this study. The acquirement and the implementation of the principles of Industry 4.0 results a new production environment, but the positive effects of that can be demonstrated from financial and production efficiency sides. The mindset change of the test and validation area of an electronic company, and the steps required to achieve Industry 4.0 based test solutions are presented in this article. You can read about the practical implementation of a pioneering technology in the field of informatics, Big Data oriented data processing in a real manufacturing environment. The changes related to hardware and software design and data acquisition are presented, also you can read about the resulting cost saving, production efficiency improvement and product output growth of the study.

Investigation and analysis of the status of myopia and related behavior in children and adolescents in Northeast Sichuan.

In this study, we examined the current status of myopia among primary and secondary school children in northeastern Sichuan to analyze the factors connected to myopia and provide data support and a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of myopia. Using a cross-sectional study and a comprehensive sampling survey, 34,138 students aged 5-19 years were screened for refraction in 22 primary and secondary schools in Langzhong, and 4000 behavioral questionnaires were delivered at random. After evaluation and rational problem-solving, a total of 3764 valid questionnaires were obtained. SPSS 23.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. The percentage of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Langzhong was 65.61%, with female students having a higher rate than male students ( P < 0.05); 52.81% of primary school students, 86.26% of secondary school students, and 88.17% of high school students had myopia. The incidence of myopia detection increased with school age ( P < 0.001), indicating a correlation between age and myopia prevalence. The prevalence of myopia was mainly low (40.53%) and moderate myopia (19.89%). The prevalence of high myopia (5.19%) was relatively high. The prevalence of myopia among female students (5.54%) was greater than that in male students ( P < 0.05) and increased with age ( P < 0.001). The proportion of students who wore eyeglasses was 24.36%, with a larger proportion of female students (25.93%) than male students (22.61%) ( P < 0.001). In addition, the rate of eyeglass use increased with school age ( P < 0.001). A logistic regression analysis revealed that higher grade point averages, female gender, and long-term usage of electronic items were risk factors for myopia. The results of the questionnaire survey revealed that students in this region were under immense pressure to perform well academically, spent a lot of time engaged in near-work activities, and had a low rate of myopia awareness; 24.43% of the students had not had a vision examination in the previous year, indicating that parents did not pay sufficient attention to eye health. The incidence of myopia among children and teenagers is high in Northeast Sichuan, and the outlook for addressing the problem is bleak. Therefore, it is critical to improve vision monitoring and eye health education.

Design Smart Classroom Based IoT at SMP Ali Bin Abi Tholib

A classroom is a room that functions as a place for teaching and learning activities. In the classroom there are also various tools to support teaching and learning activities such as tables, whiteboards and other electronic equipment. The importance of using technology in teaching and learning classrooms is because current needs are increasing with the times.Smart Classroom is a technology that makes the class have an automation system with very sophisticated performance. This system utilizes technology that can control electronic equipment in the classroom automatically. The high level of negligence of electronic device users in turning off electronic items that are often on continuously, such as lights, air conditioners, projectors, results in wastage of electrical energy. To overcome this problem, researchers built an automation system in classrooms using the IoT system. The research method used is an experimental model. This automatic system is programmed by the Arduino application by creating a security system using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) as the radio frequency data carrier that will be received by the receiver. The results of this research are a smart classroom prototype using RFID that can operate well. The RFID sensor's ability to detect the ID between the Card and Reader is a maximum distance of 1cm. The Reader's ability to detect ID cards takes 2 to 3 seconds from when the ID card is attached to the Reader and this tool will work when the user attaches the RFID to the reader so that all connected equipment will automatically turn ON such as lights, AC and projectors.

Comparative e-waste plastics biodegradation efficacy of monoculture Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PE10 and bacterial consortium under in situ condition.

A significant amount of electronic obsoletes or electronic waste (e-waste) is being generated globally each year; of these, ~20% of obsolete electronic items have plastic components. Current remediation practices for e-waste have several setbacks due to its negative impact on the environment, agro-ecosystem, and human health. Therefore, comparative biodegradation studies of e-waste plastics by monoculture Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PE10 and bacterial consortium consisting of Achromobacter insolitus strain PE2 (MF943156), Acinetobacter nosocomialis strain PE5 (MF943157), Pseudomonas lalkuanensis PE8 (CP043311), and Stenotrophomonas pavanii strain PE15 (MF943160) were carried out in situ. Biological treatment of e-waste with these candidates in soil ecosystems has been analyzed through diversified analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric-derivative thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTG-DTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both P. aeruginosa strain PE10 and the bacterial consortium have a tremendous ability to accelerate the biodegradation process in the natural environment. However, FTIR analysis implied that the monoculture had better efficacy than the consortium, and it was consistent until the incubation period used for the study. Some polymeric bonds such as ν C=C and δ C-H were completely removed, and ν C=C ring stretching, νasym C-O-C, νsym C-H, etc. were introduced by strain PE10. Furthermore, thermal analysis results validated the structural deterioration of e-waste as the treated samples showed nearly two-fold weight loss (WL; 6.8%) than the untreated control (3.1%) at comparatively lower temperatures. SEM images provided the details of surface disintegrations. Conclusively, individual monoculture P. aeruginosa strain PE10 could be explored for e-waste bio-recycling in agricultural soil ecosystems thereby reducing the cost, time, and management of bioformulation in addition to hazardous pollutant reduction.

A Survey on Comparative Study of Customer Behaviour in Online and Offline Purchase of Electronic Items in Ahmedabad

A Survey on Comparative Study of Customer Behaviour in Online and Offline Purchase of Electronic Items in Ahmedabad

Brazil’s Formal E-Waste Recycling System: From Disposal to Reverse Manufacturing

This study investigates the post-regulation scenario of waste electrical and electronic equipment (e-waste) reverse logistics in Florianópolis, an island in southern Brazil, following Decree N° 10240/2020. Employing a case study approach, involving observation and semi-structured interviews, the research explores key stakeholders’ roles. The results indicate collaborative efforts among the municipal cleaning service provider, recycler, and manager entity, supporting effective e-waste take-back systems. This cooperation not only strengthens the formal recycling market but also yields socio-environmental benefits. The study reveals that optimal outcomes arise from the collaboration between the public cleaning service provider and the business sector, fostering a mutually beneficial relationship. Concerning e-waste value recovery, there is a notable inclination to extend the life cycle of small equipment, emphasizing reuse and remanufacture cycles, while larger electrical and electronic items follow to recycling and recovery cycles. In summary, this research contributes to aligning stakeholders in e-waste reverse logistics, emphasizing compliance with legislation and fostering a deeper understanding of roles, functions, and alliances. The study provides a strategic and structured perspective on e-waste management in a city renowned for selective waste collection and considered a national benchmark for reverse logistics, reinforcing its commitment to sustainability.

A review of heavy metal risks around e-waste sites and comparable municipal dumpsites in major African cities: Recommendations and future perspectives

In Africa, the effects of informal e-waste recycling on the environment are escalating. It is regularly transported from developed to developing nations, where it is disassembled informally in search of precious metals, thus increasing human exposure to harmful compounds. Africa has a serious problem with e-waste, as there are significant facilities in Ghana and Nigeria where imported e-waste is unsafely dismantled. however, because they are in high demand and less expensive than new ones, old electronic and electrical items are imported in large quantities, just like in many developing nations. After that, these objects are frequently scavenged to recover important metals through heating, burning, incubation in acids, and other techniques. Serious health hazards are associated with these activities for workers and individuals close to recycling plants. At e-waste sites in Africa, there have been documented instances of elevated concentrations of hazardous elements, persistent organic pollutants, and heavy metals in dust, soils, and vegetation, including plants consumed as food. Individuals who handle and dispose of e-waste are exposed to highly hazardous chemical substances. This paper examines heavy metal risks around e-waste sites and comparable municipal dumpsites in major African cities. Elevated concentrations of these heavy metals metal in downstream aquatic and marine habitats have resulted in additional environmental impacts. These effects have been associated with unfavourable outcomes in marine ecosystems, such as reduced fish stocks characterized by smaller sizes, increased susceptibility to illness, and decreased population densities. The evidence from the examined studies shows how much e-waste affects human health and the environment in Africa. Sub-Saharan African nations require a regulatory framework that includes specialized laws, facilities, and procedures for the safe recycling and disposal of e-waste.

Enhancing the adsorptive recovery of europium from real-world solid samples through the synergistic impact of lysozyme fibril and melamine phytate

Rare earth elements and precious metals have key multiple applications in varying fields inclusive of electronics, renewable energy and healthcare. Europium is often recovered in the recycling process as an essential metal having utility in several electronic items. Here, we report the preparation of a bio-sorbent, a self-assembly technique of lysozyme fibrils on phytate melamine (named LF-MP) for the recovery of Eu(III) from compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) waste. Spectroscopy-related techniques and electron microscopy not only confirms their interaction between the LF-MP and Eu(III) but also provided new insight into the morphology behavior, structure and chemical composition. The maximum Eu(III) adsorption was shown at a pH = 6.0, with an adsorption (Langmuir) capacity of 540 mg g−1. We further elucidated the mechanism of interaction between Eu(III) and LF-MP, mainly through electrostatic attraction followed by the formation of coordination bonding. It has been demonstrated that the LF-MP can recover Eu(III) from a wide range of europium-containing waste materials.

Influence of Social Media Marketing on Business Performance of Durable Goods with Special Reference to Chengalpet District

With the advent of technology the social media marketing is playing a significant role in the business. The social media tools are Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and Amazon etc., are used by all kind of business people. The business people use social media tools to promote their products and services. This study is focused on durable goods like household appliances, car, electrical &amp; electronic items, books etc. are available in online marketing. With the help of social media marketing the durable goods performed well in online sites. In these sites they mention the product details, cost, warranty etc. It helps the consumer to know the idea of durable goods and also to proceed buying decision according to their wants and desires. The luxurious durable goods such as car, washing machine, television and refrigerators are daily used by the consumers and has to maintain the durability. With help of social media marketing the durable goods are bound to satisfy the household requirements due to various choices and based on income level of consumers.

Consumer Complaint Satisfaction and Customer Retention: A Study of Complaint Satisfaction in Electronic Industry

The aim of this article is to understand consumer complaint satisfaction in the electronics industry. The focus has been placed on consumers of household electronic items who have complained to the company due to one of several reasons (e.g., technical glitch, malfunction, and defect). The various factors responsible for complaint satisfaction have been determined through literature reviews and primary surveys (questionnaires). The three kinds of justice dimensions of organizational behavior (Procedural, Interactional and Distributive) have been incorporated into the model to measure a company’s response to any complaint. The data of 595 consumers of Delhi-National Capital Region (NCR) (India) have been collected and analysed using smartPLS 2.0. software. The findings of the study reveal that the process of handling customer complaints affects customer satisfaction and retention rate. Customer who have good experiences during the complaint-handling process, exert positive word of mouth (WOM) and those who have bad experiences during the complaint-handling process exert negative WOM. To study the relationship between complaint satisfaction level, consumers repurchase intention and WOM intention a complaint satisfaction model has been constructed.

Quantum Machine Learning for Security Assessment in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is an ecosystem composed of connected electronic items such as small sensors/actuators and other cyber-physical devices (CPDs) in medical services. When these devices are linked together, they can support patients through medical monitoring, analysis, and reporting in more autonomous and intelligent ways. The IoMT devices; however, often do not have sufficient computing resources onboard for service and security assurance while the medical services handle large quantities of sensitive and private health-related data. This leads to several research problems on how to improve security in IoMT systems. This paper focuses on quantum machine learning to assess security vulnerabilities in IoMT systems. This paper provides a comprehensive review of both traditional and quantum machine learning techniques in IoMT vulnerability assessment. This paper also proposes an innovative fused semi-supervised learning model, which is compared to the state-of-the-art traditional and quantum machine learning in an extensive experiment. The experiment shows the competitive performance of the proposed model against the state-of-the-art models and also highlights the usefulness of quantum machine learning in IoMT security assessments and its future applications.

Experimental validation of IS2062 deep drawing component

Deep drawing isa leading manufacturing method in which a sheet metal blank is radially stretched into a die by action of a punch to produce various parts of automobiles, computers, electronic items and many other things used in day-to-day life. Optimization of sheet metal forming process parameters was important to reduce the cost of manufacturing a product. Forming a defect-free drawn part is always a challenging task. This work presents analysis and experimental identification of the deep drawing process in order to avoid earring effect and Stretcher strain defect. In our present work, low carbon structural steel (IS2062, Carbon 0.17 to 0.19 wt%) is used for deep drawing application. Factors mainly influencing the friction coefficient, blank holder force, and die nose radius, which are the sheet metal process characteristics that exhibit deformation behaviour. In an experiment, radial clearance between the die and the punch was taken as 0.15 mm on each side. Deep drawing operation was carried out on a 1200 ton hydraulic press with a servo controlled mechanism, a 3 stage forming process was taken and values were compared with the FEA, A cylindrical cup with a LDR of 1.8 has been successfully created experimentally.

Penerapan Algoritma Apriori Pada E-commerce Elektronik

Because there are so many advantages to using e-commerce, it is now expanding quickly. E-commerce, particularly for electronic items, makes it simpler for customers to execute transactions without traveling. Because businesses (business actors) do not yet have a pattern and strategy for the products they sell, the use of e-commerce has not yet reached its full potential. As a result, sales occasionally suffer because the supply of products does not meet consumer needs, forcing consumers to leave without purchasing these products, which has an impact on transactions. sales firm. Businesses (businesspeople) must use data mining to implement data processing. For this reason, researchers use an application strategy that is appropriate in this situation: the a priori algorithm. Finding frequent itemsets that frequently show up in the data set with the strongest pattern is frequently done using the a priori algorithm. This algorithm's output can be used to assist management in making decisions. According to the study's findings, the rule "if you buy AA Batteries (4-pack), you will buy AAA Batteries (4-pack), "if you buy AA Batteries (4-pack), you will buy a USB-C Charging Cable," and "if you buy AA Batteries (4-pack) and AAA Batteries (4-pack), you will buy a USB-C Charging Cable" all have a support and confidence value of 100%.