Electronic Identification Research Articles

Fully integrated transceiver module with a temperature compensation for high bit rate contactless smart card

Contactless smart card has been applied in various applications, including electronic transaction and personal identification. These applications particularly require a big data transfer, as compared to other applications. Hence, it is very important that the card supports a high-speed data transfer rate. In this paper, we propose a design of a fully integrated transceiver module for contactless smart card that supports a high bit rate data communication, up to 848 kbps. Furthermore, to increase the stability and security of the card, the module is also designed to compensate the applied temperature variation, ranging from −25 to 125 °C.

Pelayanan Perekaman Kartu Tanda Penduduk Elektronik di Kantor Kecamatan Kanor (Studi Tentang kualitas Pelayanan Publik)

Improving the quality of public services is an important concern for the government, this is evidenced by the enactment of Law Number 25 of 2009 concerning Public Services. The recording service for electronic resident identification cards is an administrative service provided by the government to its citizens. However, the reality in the field of electronic ID card recording service at Kanor District Office is not in accordance with the expectations of the community in obtaining public services, this can be explained from the lack of service speed, courtesy and friendliness of service personnel, implementing competence, and facilities and infrastructure in the service room. This study aims to find out and explain the service of recording electronic identity cards in the Kanor sub-district office (study of the quality of public service). The approach mix method in which qualitative data generalised through whislt quantitative data. Determination of informants using purposive snowball sampling. Data analysis uses data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing / verifying. The results showed that the service quality of electronic resident card recording at the District Office of Kanor was from the aspect of infrastructure and facilities, implementing competence and good implementation behavior, but from the aspect of slow service time (not good).

Electronic Trust Services – the Basis of Business Trust

On October 5, 2017, the Ukrainian Parliament voted for Ukrainian Law “On Electronic Trust Services”. This is an important step towards Ukraine’s integration into the EU Digital Single Market, expansion of cross-border cooperation, and international e-commerce with the EU.The law takes into account the provisions of the EU Regulation No. 910/2014 (on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the domestic market), which is provided for by Ukraine’s obligations under the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement (Chapter 6 of Section IV of the Agreement).The next steps is to ensure its proper and effective implementation, which involves development and approval of a number of government legislative acts; adoption of national standards that meet EU standards; institutional provision and the creation of appropriate digital infrastructure.A prerequisite for opening up access to the Single Digital Market in the EU is the development of a system of electronic trust services in accordance with the EU Regulation No. 910/2014 and European standards. Ukraine should ensure the compatibility of key components of the electronic trust services system in Ukraine with the relevant components of the European Union. This will provide an opportunity to reach an agreement with the EU on the mutual recognition of electronic trust services between Ukraine and the EU. For Ukrainian business, such recognition will mean the possibility of cross-border co-operation with European partners from a tablet / smartphone.The decision on the recognition by the European Union of electronic trust services provided in Ukraine is adopted by the European Commission on the basis of an audit of the compliance of components of the system of electronic trust services in Ukraine with the legislation and standards of the EU. The next step is to conclude an intergovernmental agreement on the mutual recognition of electronic trust services between Ukraine and the EU.Currently, the priority task in the context of developing a system of electronic trust services and Ukraine’s integration into the EU’s Single Digital Market is to develop a detailed roadmap for ensuring compatibility and preparation for an agreement with the EU on the mutual recognition of electronic trust services between Ukraine and the EU.The article contains common chapters of a detailed roadmap and a proposal to use the EU funded open source library DSS (Digital Signature Service) as a technical basis that can ensure interoperability between Ukrainian and the EU trust services infrastructure.

Electronic Identification, Signature and Trust Services

The generalization of the use of electronic communications in all spheres of human activities brings along a need for a new legal perspective. This need is particularly felt at European Union level with the assumed aim of building a trustable Digital Single Market. Regulation 910/2014 was set as the main European legal framework aimed at harmonizing the understanding of instruments such as electronic identification, electronic authentication, electronic services, and other trust services of information society, such as electronic seals, electronic time stamps, electronic registered delivery services and website authentication. In the whole, Regulation 910/2014 is intended to establish a common legal framework allowing European citizens to take full advantage of digital services in a technically and legally secure environment.

Modernization of financial technologies in the market of insurance services in the conditions of development of internet-insurance

The article raises questions that determine the theoretical and empirical aspects of the scientific study of patterns and contradictions in the development of Internet insurance technologies as an economic phenomenon. The methods of scientific abstraction and generalization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, methods of theoretical generalization form the basis of the methodological approach, which made it possible to evaluate the functional vector of financial technologies in the market of insurance services in terms of the development of Internet-insurance. The basic theoretical and methodical approaches of introduction of elements of Internet marketing in auto insurance and features of creating a client’s «personal cabinet» of an insurance company to obtain the necessary information regarding the status of the contract, the timing of insurance payments are systematized. Empirical studies provide an opportunity to diagnose the feasibility of the use of additional communication channels between the insurance company and the client to establish personalized monitoring to monitor his appeals, payments, and the use of limit options in the insurance program. For more effective promotion of products on the market, the expediency of wider use of aggregators for more transparent and open disclosure of information about the offered productive range is substantiated. The importance of developing standards, formats, identifiers for the introduction of interoperable means of electronic identification, as well as ensuring an adequate level of digitization of the economy is determined. The expediency of developing and adopting measures aimed at achieving accelerated progressive development of financial technologies in the market of insurance services and measures aimed at increasing their role in providing accessible and high-quality financial services to economic agents and the population are actualised.

Evaluación de una intervención formativa con revisión estructurada de la medicación en pacientes mayores polimedicados en Atención Primaria

Background and objectiveSeveral interventions have been shown to reduce polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate prescription (PIP). The objective of the study was to evaluate the number of drugs and PIP before and after an educational intervention with the Primary Care physician (PCP), with electronic identification of PIP and structured medication review, in elderly patients with excessive polypharmacy (≥10 drugs). Material and methodsA before-after intervention study was conducted in the Gipuzkoa district of Osakidetza (Basque Country Health System), in a random sample of patients older than 80 years taking ≥ 10 drugs, and whose PCP attended training sessions. Primary outcomes: change in the number of drugs and PIP, registered in computerised health records. Secondary outcomes: benefit/risk ratio assessed by the PCP, safety problems, and therapeutic decision. ResultsOf the 591 eligible patients, 88 were excluded (41: PCP did not attend training sessions, 47: death/transfer/admission), including a total of 503 patients with mean age of 84.9 years, with 67.7% women. The mean number of drugs and PIP per patient decreased significantly, −0.88 (95% CI: −1.04 to −0.72) and −0.19 (95% CI: −0.29 to −0.09), respectively (p<.0001), with a 25.8% reduction in the number of patients with excessive polypharmacy. Secondary outcomes: data collection sheets of 365 patients and 4,168 prescriptions were collected. The benefit-risk ratio was favourable for 75% of the prescriptions, with the most frequent decision being to maintain them (83%). Among the 911 prescriptions with an unfavourable/uncertain benefit/risk ratio, 47.3% were maintained. ConclusionsThe intervention is associated with a reduction in excessive polypharmacy and PPI under real-world conditions.

Optimal implantation site of transponders for identification of experimental swine.

Use of transponders, small electronic identification devices, in experimental swine is expected to be more reliable than the current common use of ear tags. However, it is necessary to determine the optimal implantation site for transponders with high readability, retentionability (i.e., long-term retention in tissues without detachment or loss), and biocompatibility, as this has not yet been investigated. Thus, we aimed to determine the optimal implantation site. Two types of transponders were subcutaneously implanted into four different sites (ear base, ear auricle, ventral neck, and back) in 3 domestic swine each. The transponders were scanned at 1, 2, 3, and 84 days after implantation. The location of the transponders was examined by X-ray and echography at 84 days. Histopathological examinations were performed at 84 days. The transponders in the back were successfully scanned in a shorter time than those in other implantation sites, without any re-scanning procedures. X-ray examination revealed one transponder in the ventral neck was lost, whereas those in the other sites were retained in their original location for 84 days. Echography indicated that the transponders in the back were retained more deeply than those in other implantation sites, suggesting better retentionability. Acceptable biocompatibility was confirmed in all implantation sites, as evidenced by the finding that all transponders were covered by a connective tissue capsule without severe inflammation. In conclusion, the present results demonstrated that the back is the optimal implantation site for transponders in experimental swine.

The Identity Challenge in Finance: From Analogue Identity to Digitized Identification to Digital KYC Utilities

Identity is fundamental in finance. From a business standpoint, knowledge of clients’ identities is essential to protect against fraud and crime, and underpins all know-yourcustomer obligations, as well as being essential to providing quality services. From a risk management and regulatory standpoint, identity is essential to market integrity. At the same time, identification and KYC rules can be major barriers to accessing financial services, for individuals and small businesses in particular. This paper considers the various requirements for identification in the financial sector and the evolving nature of identity and its evolution from analogue to digitized to digital. We argue that technology presents an opportunity to solve this challenge through the development of digital identity infrastructure and related utilities. The establishment of such utilities for digital or electronic identification requires addressing design questions such as registration methods, data availability and crossjurisdiction recognitions. Yet, as with any reform, a balance between flow-through efficiency and cyber-security needs to be reached to ensure the objectives of financial inclusion and market integrity are not achieved at the detriment of financial stability.

The GDPR: A game changer for electronic identification schemes? The case study of Gov.UK Verify

This article offers an interdisciplinary analysis of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the context of electronic identification schemes. Gov.UK Verify, the UK Government's electronic identification scheme, and its compatibility with some important aspects of EU data protection law are reviewed. An in-depth examination of Gov.UK Verify's architecture and the most significant constituent elements of both the Data Protection Directive and the imminent GDPR – notably the legitimising grounds for the processing of personal data and the doctrine of joint controllership – highlight several flaws inherent in the Gov.UK Verify's development and mode of operation. This article advances the argument that Gov.UK Verify is incompatible with some major substantive provisions of the EU Data Protection Framework. It also provides some general insight as to how to interpret the requirement of a legitimate legal basis and the doctrine of joint controllership. It ultimately suggests that the choice of the appropriate legal basis should depend upon a holistic approach to the relationship between the actors involved in the processing activities.

Rules for eID management in the Public Sector (Hungary, 2018)

The scope of the bodies providing e-governance services has significantly expanded in the past decade. Electronic identification has become an elementary obligation of the clients in eprocedures, as this is the starting point of any legal electronic transaction.&#x0D; In Hungary, this legal issue is generally regulated by the Act CCXXII of 2015 on the General Rules for Trust Services and Electronic Transactions, and the related Government Decree 451/2016. (XII. 19.) on the details of electronic administration procedures. These national rules have been adjusted to the provisions of the Regulation (EU) No. 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market and repealing Directive 1999/93/EC (hereinafter: eIDAS Regulation).&#x0D; The aim of the presentation is to summarize the legal possibilities and to evaluate their practical implementation.

Advanced Biometric Electronic Signature in Practice - Lessons for the Public Administration from a Hungarian Case Study

Signing documents is one of the most general requirements in our daily lives, including routines in Public Administration. After significant development of e-Administration, the question arose as to how the clients can sign documents electronically. The European Union legislated this question by the Regulation (EU) No. 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market and repealing Directive 1999/93/EC. This Regulation (henceforward: eIDAS) gives a technologyneutral and high-level framework for using electronic signatures in the EU, it refers several implementing acts and standards, records applicable concepts and definitions, and declares several obligations for all Member States. The Regulation does not contain strong provisions for advanced electronic signature, but it defines four requirements for it. All electronic signatures which fulfil these four requirements have to be considered as advanced electronic signatures. In most of the cases, creating an advanced signature is easier and more cost-effective than creating a qualified signature, therefore it may be an alternative solution for signing documents in Public Administration also. This paper intends to summarize the relating legal environment and it demonstrates an implemented solution of advanced biometric signature in the private sector. Finally, we discuss the technical conditions of the applicability of advanced biometric electronic signature in Public Administration by discovering similarities and differences of application and acceptability.

The effect of the EIDAS Regulation on the model of Hungarian public administration

Regulation (EU) N°910/2014 on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market, adopted on 23 July 2014 (hereinafter the eIDAS Regulation) is a significant step towards providing such a predictable regulatory environment that enables secure and seamless electronic interactions between businesses, citizens and public authorities of the members of the European Union. The Regulation ensures that people and businesses are allowed to use their own national electronic identification schemes (eIDs) to access public services in other EU countries where eIDs are available, moreover, it introduces the concept of trust services and prepares for the harmonization of further areas.&#x0D; Unfortunately, the eIDAS Regulation together with the Commission Implementing Regulation 2015/1501 is not in perfect harmony with the established and emerging models of operations in public administration in Hungary and consequently a common foundation for secure electronic interaction could be provided only with strong limitations.&#x0D; To avoid this undesirable situation, the paper proposes the introduction of two registration procedures (built on the basis of the services in the scope of the Regulation) that would complement the missing data items in a transparent manner. This extension would result in the provision of all registered electronic services of the EU countries for all EU citizens.

Identifiaction and Authentication of Persons in Cyberspace in Selected States

Summary The author analyses different models of identification and authentication in selected states. First of all, the author explains the reason for choosing countries in question. Secondly, the author briefly analyses fundamental strategic documents and legal acts relating to eGovernment, in particular identification and authentication. In addition, the specific electronic identification means used in selected states will be analyzed. The analyze of different models of identification and authentication in selected states can lead to the identification of differences that arose within the comparison of various models. In the end, the author will summarize positive and negative aspects of analyzed models of identification and authentication. These findings are necessary in order to make a conclusion which electronic identification means could be applied in the Slovak Republic.

Development of electronic government in Ukraine: legal aspects of providing information security

The article studies a form e-government as form of governance by using information and communication technologies, which today is a time requirement in the context of the development of the information society in Ukraine. The legal framework of Ukraine on introduction of e-governance is analyzed in particular to ensure information security. Organizational and legal mechanisms of the electronic format for state institutions developed under relevant government programs are considered. The Concept of e-government development in Ukraine by 2020 is analyzed, the attention is focused on major challenges, objectives and plans for development of e- government in Ukraine by 2020, the priority of which are: open data; electronic services; electronic identification; electronic interactions; formation of effective policy; modernization of the National Informatization Program; strengthening interagency coordination by enhancing the role of the Interdisciplinary Council on development of e-government; promotion the integration of the Single EU digital market. At that moment, there are a lot of problem issues concerning information management of public administration, in particular authorities. However, according to the doctrine and legislation analysis, it is possible to identify certain ways of overcoming them. Therefore, in the article highlights the following: first of all, it is necessary to improve the regulation framework and to systematize the information framework. Secondly, it is necessary to expansion and modernization of the existing infrastructure of public management, namely, a computer devices and structured cable networks. Thirdly, ensure the functioning of an effective integrated system for the protection of information resources. Fourth, it is important to improve the culture of using modern information technology. Moreover, after the doctrine and practice of public administration analysis it was found that a lot of users do not have the necessary knowledge and experience in using computer networks, databases and Internet services. Therefore, the system of training and retraining of personnel for the state apparatus in new organizational and technical conditions should pay particular attention to the informational education of future government workers. This problem also represented in the article

Construction of Multi Wire Proportional Chambers for the CBM Transition Radiation Detector

The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will explore the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities. The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) with its multi-layer design will provide electron identification for higher momenta and contribute to the fragment identification.

EIDAS - Electronic Identification for Cross Border eHealth

This article aims at presenting the provisions of eIDAS regulation and the related implementing acts along with the work of the eSENS project, regarding the cross - border identification of a patient, using the infrastructure foreseen in the eIDAS and in the Directive 2011/24/EU. The Patient Identifier is crucial information that is needed for Health Care Services, and currently, the eIDAS has no explicit provision for that. The work in the eSENS project depicted that this information can be transferred through the eIDAS infrastructure and the National Contact Point (NCP) from country to country, exploiting eIDAS node specification for additional attributes to transfer the patient identifier information. In addition to that, the aggregation of patient's identifier attribute with the eID attributes was done either using a national method or reusing a functionality that was developed in STORK2 project. The eSENS plugin software module allowed STORK2 infrastructure to interoperate with eIDAS. The results of the eSENS Health Care pilot from Greece and Austria are also being analyzed.

The feasibility of using passive injectable transponders in field operations for individual identification of sheep in Italy

This trial evaluates the feasibility of using passive injectable transponders (PITs) in field operations by testing identification procedures on 185 one-year-old Biellese ewes reared under nomadic farming conditions. Commercial PITs of 3.85 ± 0.05 mm × 31.2 mm were used at two application sites, the armpit and the retro-auricular region. The two application sites were compared taking into account the ease of injection, animal reaction, injection duration, inflammatory response, PIT readability at up to 12 months post-injection and PIT recovery at the slaughterhouse. The injection site influenced the reaction of the animal and the ease and duration of the injection, but it did not affect the palpation and the reading findings during the rearing period. The injection site also influenced the PIT retrieval at the slaughterhouse depending on the operator who recovered the PIT. The readability values observed at the end of the observation period for both injection sites (83% in the retro-auricular region and 79% in the armpit region) were too low to be suitable for long-term animal identification. In addition, the failed retrieval of PITs at slaughter, determined the destruction of 40 (22%) carcases to avoid any risks in the food chain. These findings suggest that the limited use of PITs is indicated when other methods of electronic identification cannot be employed, while a wider application of the device tested in the present study is not recommended in farming practices.

Implementation of SIFT for detection of electronic waste

The paper focuses on the investigation of image processing of Electronic waste detection and identification in recycling process of all Electronic items. Some of actually collected images of E-wastes would be combined with other wastes. For object matching with scale in-variance the SIFT (Scale -Invariant- Feature Transform) is applied. This method detects the electronic waste found among other wastes and also estimates the amount of electronic waste detected the give set of wastes. The detection of electronics waste by this method is most efficient ways to detect automatically without any manual means.

Dairy farmers with larger herd sizes adopt more precision dairy technologies

An increase in the average herd size on Australian dairy farms has also increased the labor and animal management pressure on farmers, thus potentially encouraging the adoption of precision technologies for enhanced management control. A survey was undertaken in 2015 in Australia to identify the relationship between herd size, current precision technology adoption, and perception of the future of precision technologies. Additionally, differences between farmers and service providers in relation to perception of future precision technology adoption were also investigated. Responses from 199 dairy farmers, and 102 service providers, were collected between May and August 2015 via an anonymous Internet-based questionnaire. Of the 199 dairy farmer responses, 10.4% corresponded to farms that had fewer than 150 cows, 37.7% had 151 to 300 cows, 35.5% had 301 to 500 cows; 6.0% had 501 to 700 cows, and 10.4% had more than 701 cows. The results showed that farmers with more than 500 cows adopted between 2 and 5 times more specific precision technologies, such as automatic cup removers, automatic milk plant wash systems, electronic cow identification systems and herd management software, when compared with smaller farms. Only minor differences were detected in perception of the future of precision technologies between either herd size or farmers and service providers. In particular, service providers expected a higher adoption of automatic milking and walk over weighing systems than farmers. Currently, the adoption of precision technology has mostly been of the type that reduces labor needs; however, respondents indicated that by 2025 adoption of data capturing technology for monitoring farm system parameters would be increased.

Operation and performance of the LHCb calorimeters

The LHCb calorimeters play a key role in the hardware trigger of the experiment. They also serve the measurement of radiative heavy flavor decays and the identification of electrons. Located at twelve meters from the interaction region, they are composed of a plane of scintillating tiles, a preshower detector, an electromagnetic and a hadronic sampling calorimeters using scintillators as active elements. In these proceedings, technical and operational aspects of these detectors are described. Emphasis is then put on calorimeter reconstruction and calibration. Finally, performance for benchmark physics modes are briefly reported.