Electronic Government Adoption Research Articles

An empirical validation of a unified model of electronic government adoption (UMEGA)

In electronic government (hereafter e-government), a large variety of technology adoption models are employed, which make researchers and policymakers puzzled about which one to use. In this research, nine well-known theoretical models of information technology adoption are evaluated and 29 different constructs are identified. A unified model of e-government adoption (UMEGA) is developed and validated using data gathered from 377 respondents from seven selected cities in India. The results indicate that the proposed unified model outperforms all other theoretical models, explaining the highest variance on behavioral intention, acceptable levels of fit indices, and significant relationships for each of the seven hypotheses. The UMEGA is a parsimonious model based on the e-government-specific context, whereas the constructs from the original technology adoption models were found to be inappropriate for the e-government context. By using the UMEGA, relevant e-government constructs were included. For further research, we recommend the development of e-government-specific scales.

Citizens\u2019 adoption of an electronic government system: towards a unified view

Sluggish adoption of emerging electronic government (eGov) applications continues to be a problem across developed and developing countries. This research tested the nine alternative theoretical models of technology adoption in the context of an eGov system using data collected from citizens of four selected districts in the state of Bihar in India. Analysis of the models indicates that their performance is not up to the expected level in terms of path coefficients, variance in behavioural intention, or the fit indices of the models. In response to the underperformance of the alternative theoretical models to explain the adoption of an eGov system, this research develops a unified model of electronic government adoption and tests it using the same data. The results indicate that the proposed research model outperforms all alternative models of technology adoption by explaining 77 % of variance in behavioural intention, with acceptable values of fit indices and significant relationships between each pair of hypothesised factors.

Adoption of e-Government in Pakistan: Demand Perspective

The reason for this paper is to investigate the variables that empower citizen adoption of e-Government driven organizations in Pakistan, where these offices are at a simple stage. Comprehension citizen’s adoption of electronic-government is an essential topic, as the utilization of e-Government has turned into an integral part of administration. Achievement of such activities depends generally on the productive utilization of e-taxpayer supported organizations. Inclusive e-Government is the gateway to the efficiency promised by the Electronic Government. This study utilizes the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model to inspect the powerful elements of the adoption and utilization of e-Government services in Pakistan from a national point of view. An online survey was led and a factual spellbinding examination was performed on the reactions got from 200 Pakistani nationals. The embraced model can be utilized as a rule for the execution of e-Government services in Pakistan. This study recommends that government ought to run broad publicizing battles to guarantee that individuals are mindful of the services and utilization them. This infers that government ought to place accentuation on expanding familiarity with the services, show the profits of citizens, and empowering confidence in the framework.

Technology Adoption and Innovation of E-Government in Republic of Iraq

Electronic government (EG) refers to a computer application employed in government activities and operations,where both government and the public are enabled to interact and transact online. The practicability of EG hasnot been largely explored in the context of Iraq, owing to the conflicting activities it has been experiencing in thepast few years. Prior to EG adoption, variables have to be examined such as infrastructure, social factors,security, skills, users’ behavior etc. The present study aims at examining the related variables that couldpotentially bar the EG services adoption in Iraq with the help of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use ofTechnology (UTAUT). Three independent variables are examined namely effort expectancy, performanceexpectancy, and social influence – the influence of these variables on the EG services uses as the dependentvariable is examined. The study proposes a quantitative examination of the EG services usage behavior with datagathered from Iraq. The study findings are then discussed.

A Review of the Factors Affecting User Satisfaction in Electronic Government Services

Even after more than a decade of intensive research work in the area of electronic government (e-government) adoption and diffusion, no study has yet undertaken a theoretical evaluation of research related to ‘e-government satisfaction'. The purpose of this study is to undertake a comprehensive review of the literature related to e-government satisfaction and adoption with a particular focus on the most critical factors and their manifested variables that influence user satisfaction in e-government. Usable data relating to e-government research were collected from 147 papers identified from the Scopus database and by manually identifying relevant articles from journals dedicated to e-government research such as Electronic Government, an International Journal (EGIJ), International Journal of Electronic Government Research (IJEGR) and Transforming Government: People, Process, and Policy (TGPPP). A meta-analysis of existing e-government studies found that the majority of the construct relationships demonstrated a significant range of average summative correlation, and effect size, but the influence of perceived ease of use, effort expectancy on behavioural intention, behavioural intention on use behaviour, and perceived trust on risk were still found to be non-significant. A broader analysis of e-government satisfaction and adoption research seems to reflect that although a large number of theories and theoretical constructs were borrowed from reference disciplines such as Information Systems, e-commerce and public administration, their utilisation by e-government researchers appears to be largely random in approach.

Factors affecting citizen adoption of transactional electronic government

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and model adoption criteria of citizens for electronic-government (eGov) service at the transaction maturity stage. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical study was conducted among the citizens of Ontario, Canada who have experience of using Canadian e-Gov system. Findings – From statistical analysis through LISREL, this study revealed that ability to use and assurance to use are the critical factors for adoption of eGov at the transaction phase (GAM-T). Originality/value – The findings of this research can be considered as original as this paper concludes that eGov functional characteristics are not only different at different levels of service maturity, but adoption factors at different levels of service maturity are also potentially different. From static to interaction to transaction, citizens perceive different factors to be important for creating the behavioral attitude and intention to accept the eGov system and to use it.

A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Electronic Government Adoption in Spain and the USA

Electronic Government (e-government) is growing in popularity across the globe. Given the increasing relevance of electronic services in the public sector, there is a need for a global agreement on a consistent framework for assessing e-government. This study uses a cross-cultural comparison to assess the fundamentals of e-government adoption in the United States (USA) and Spain. In particular, the authors explore the effects of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, compatibility and trust on intentions to use e-government services. A survey was administered to citizens in both countries to test the hypotheses derived from adoption literature and Hofstede's dimensions of culture. Results indicate that there are differences in the relationship between compatibility and use intention, with stronger effects in the USA sample. Furthermore, while perceived ease of use significantly impacts intentions for the USA sample, it does not for the Spain sample; and, while trust is not significant in the USA sample, it is for the Spain sample. The implications of these results, mostly consistent with the hypotheses as suggested by the dimensions of culture, are discussed for both research and practice.

A review and weight analysis of the predictors and linkages in electronic government adoption research

The purpose of this study is to explore the theoretical development of e-government adoption research. A total of 448 relevant articles were identified and collated from different sources. Filtering those articles that examined the individual adoption, we reached to the usable number of such articles to 62. The findings indicated that the most frequently used models including the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) were evenly balanced across citizens and professionals. We analysed 58 independent variables occurred two or more times and 12 dependent variables occurring four or more times. These variables were analysed further toward corresponding relationships and their degree of significance between them. A list of 36 most frequent relationships with three or more occurrences was chosen for weight analysis and a model was presented with appropriate weight for each relation. The study also acknowledges its limitations and suggests the further research directions.

Examining the influence of intermediaries in facilitating e-government adoption: An empirical investigation

The adoption and diffusion of electronic government is often impeded by many social and individual factors relating to citizens. In this respect, intermediaries have emerged as a new model for delivering e-government services to overcome such obstacles. This study aims to examine the role of intermediaries in facilitating e-government adoption and diffusion using a survey based empirical study of 502 participants in Madinah City in Saudi Arabia. An extended UTAUT model is used as the theoretical basis utilizing trust in the Internet and Intermediaries. The results of this study show that there are significant relationships among the factors that influence intention to use e-government, namely, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and trust of intermediary. In addition, the findings show that there is a significant relationship between facilitating conditions and usage behavior proving that intermediaries can influence adoption of e-government services.

Conceptualization of Electronic Government Adoption

E-government facilitates provision of relevant government information in electronic form to the citizens in a timely manner and better service delivery to citizens. Information Technology today is recognized as an effective tool for turning the economic activity in efficient governance and in developing human resource. E-government is a kind of governmental administration which is based on ICT Services. The essence of egovernment is using information technology to break the boundary of administrative organizations, and build up a virtual electronic government. E-government initiatives are common in most countries as they promise a transparent, citizen-centric government and reduce operational cost. Emerging with Egovernment, theories and practices of public administration have stepped into a new knowledge era. Egovernment presents a tremendous impetus to move forward with higher quality, cost-effective, government services and a better relationship between citizens and government. This paper discusses the different issues, challenges, adoption factors for e-government implementation, conceptual demarcation on these factors and, presents a conceptual framework for better e-government performance.

Conceptualization of Electronic Government Adoption

Conceptualization of Electronic Government Adoption

Information quality and community municipal portal use

This paper presents an in-depth research investigation of the role information quality plays in the use of community municipal portals. These portals are a new type of website spearheaded by local governments and community agencies in response to citizen calls for a more user-friendly, comprehensive, and convenient way of accessing community-based and local government information via a single entry point. Prior empirical evidence on electronic government adoption and use shapes the study's theoretical model. The model was tested via a survey completed by 1279 respondents across five community municipal portal sites in the province of Ontario, Canada. The survey polled respondents' uptake and perceptions of these portals. Cross-validation using structural equation modeling analysis indicates that information quality plays a critical but indirect role in influencing a person's use of a community municipal portal. In addition, other end-user factors, namely perceived ease of use and compatibility, also affect usage. Importantly, the need to pay attention to the information quality of community municipal portals is raised as a means of rallying citizen response to this new type of website specifically, as well as to local government websites more generally.

Organizational Development in Electronic Government Adoption

The concept of Electronic Government (EG) has evolved significantly during the past few decades. Several development models have been presented in the literature to illustrate the advancement and adoption of EG practices. Recent developments in EG adoption that emphasize the process view call for a new perspective to EG adoption. Based on the review of most cited stage models of EG adoption, a comprehensive stage model is recommended in this paper. Furthermore, this paper utilizes the recommended stage model and proposes a process based framework for analyzing the EG adoption.

Understanding Organizational Barriers Influencing Local Electronic Government Adoption and Implementation: The Electronic Government Implementation Framework

Researches in electronic government have indicated a number of organizational barriers that hinder the adoption and implementation of electronic government. This paper proposes a research framework for analysing how organizational barriers influence the adoption and implementation of e-government at local levels. The framework is constructed based on four organizational dimensions; adaptability, involvement, mission, and bureaucracy drawn from organizational theories and e-government literature. We found that organizational barriers which are identified in major e-government literature link to the dimensions of organizational culture and effectiveness. Our conclusion is that the framework is relevant to understand organizational barriers influencing adoption and implementation of local e-government. The limitation of this study is that the framework has been developed based on the application of a theoretical lens on the e-government literature. It is now necessary to test this model in different contexts.

Towards objective benchmarking of electronic government: an inter‐country analysis

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology for evaluating the progress of individual countries worldwide in their adoption of electronic government (e‐government) with the rapid advance in information and communication technologies (ICTs). Recognising the multi‐dimensional nature of the progress evaluation and comparison process, this paper formulates the inter‐country performance evaluation process in e‐government adoption as a multi‐criteria analysis problem and presents an objective multi‐criteria approach for solving the problem in an effective and straightforward manner.Design/methodology/approachSeveral indicators (criteria) for measuring the progress of individual countries for adopting e‐government have been reviewed, and existing approaches for carrying out inter‐country comparison on e‐government have been analysed. The need for the use of an objective approach for addressing the inter‐country comparison problem is discussed. This leads to the development of an objective multi‐criteria approach for effectively solving the problem in a straightforward and effective manner. The proposed objective approach is based on the concept of information entropy which is emitted from e‐government criteria used for determining the objective weights of the e‐government criteria. The principle of ideal solutions is used for effectively incorporating the objective criteria weights into the process of calculating the overall performance index for each country. As a result, an unbiased overall ranking of individual countries on e‐government can be obtained.FindingsWith the use of an example in the paper, the proposed approach is proved to be of practical use for addressing the inter‐country comparison problem on the progress of individual countries in their adoption of e‐government. The proposed approach is not only able to provide an objective view of the relative progress of those countries concerned but also pinpoint the areas that these countries can further improve to lift their overall profile worldwide on the adoption of e‐government.Practical implicationsThe methodology developed can be used as a decision‐making tool to support various levels of government and consultancy organizations worldwide in their effort to evaluate the adoption of ICTs in the government sector so that effective decisions can be made for enhancing and improving the use of the technology for more efficient and effective government.Originality/valueThe advantages of the proposed approach for addressing the inter‐country comparison problem on e‐government are the capacity of the proposed approach for adequately handling the multi‐dimensional nature of the inter‐country comparison problem and the provision of an objective view of the overall performance of those countries in the process of evaluating the progress of these countries in their adoption of e‐government. In addition the application of the approach can also help those countries pinpoint the areas that they can further invest their effort for further improvement.

Collaborative management and e-government: a survey of state government CIOs

Collaboration is one of the ways to enhance the successful adoption of Electronic Government or e-government projects. This study examines several dimensions of collaborative management and e-government through the lens of state governments. A survey was conducted of state government Chief Information Officers (CIOs) and the key findings indicate a high level of agreement that collaboration and e-government is having an impact on communication, trust and standards within state governments. Citizens were collaborated with the least in e-government, while the most collaboration occurred within the state government. Most importantly, the more citizens get involved in e-government decision-making, the more this leads to greater use of the principles of effective collaboration.

To explore managerial issues and their implications on e-Government deployment in the public sector: Lessons from Taiwan's Bureau of Foreign Trade

The objective of this article is to explore the experience of reconciling the strategic information system (IS) management with the radical transition of the Information Technology (IT) infrastructure in Taiwan's Bureau of Foreign Trade (BOFT) between 1998 and 2003. This investigation will be beneficial for the implementation of IT projects, as well as the comprehension of the organizational and managerial issues related to the discontinuity of IT development in office automation. This paper conducts an interpretative approach by means of qualitative methods – namely through participatory observation and in-depth interviews with fourteen informants – to reveal the managerial issues and their implications on the adoption of electronic government (e-Government). Through the method of content analysis, this study reviews the process of decision making, implementation, and other issues emerging as a result of the adoption of new technologies in public authorities, such as the cognition of the employee toward the benefits and effectiveness of IS in public authorities. Learning from this case, this article identifies key lessons and provides suggestions regarding the managerial issues related to the discontinuity of technologies in the workplace. These goals are achieved through reflexive exploration of the sense-making process among civil servants . In addition, this study shares the experience and suggestions with a government CIO through the proposition of a framework of SPECISM approaches to cope with the challenges from the appropriation of new IT in a public authority.

Electronic Government Implementation

Over the last decade, the Internet has become one of the most important means of communication in all social areas. The success of Web technology adoption in the private sector has put pressures on the public sector to adopt the Internet to present information and service resources. The concept of creating more efficient and convenient interaction between government and the interacting parties using Internet technology is referred to as electronic government (or digital government). Recent studies have shown an increase in the adoption of electronic government by various countries (Archer, 2005; I-Ways, 2005; Janssen et al. 2004). Nevertheless, the level of implementation diverges from country to country. This study identifies critical success factors of electronic government and proposes an implementation framework. This chapter presents an extensive case study to illustrate how the proposed framework can be used to analyze electronic government strategies in a developed country (United States) and a developing country (China). In conclusion, recommendations are made to developed and developing countries for their implementation of electronic government.

Measuring E-Government: A Case Study Using Russia

Numerous studies of global electronic government adoption use the presence or absence of website functions to measure development levels and create rankings. This paper investigates whether these ratings really reflect the overall status of e-government by using a case study of the 89 regional governments in Russia. It provides the results of two waves of evaluating these websites using measures derived from prior e-government studies. These website levels are correlated to available data reflecting the status of e-government in many of these regions. It is concluded that website levels are only loosely coupled to the overall state of e-government in these regions. It is therefore hazardous to draw too many conclusions about the development of e-government in various countries using relative rankings that are only based on websites. As a case study, this paper illustrates what can and cannot be done when highly limited data are available.