Electronic Equipment Industry Research Articles

Measuring spatial access to the recovery networks for WEEE: An in-depth analysis of the Italian case

The regulation of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) industry is of priority importance in the environmental and circular economy agenda of the EU. Within the EU legislation, the Member States must undertake appropriate policies to increase the amount of waste reintroduced in the supply chain. To this end, as the literature suggests, the design of adequate collection infrastructures and geographical proximity to dedicated facilities, named Collection Centers (CCs), are key factors affecting users' willingness to deliver WEEE. In this work, we propose a systematic approach to evaluate the users’ spatial access to WEEE networks. Specifically, we introduce a dashboard of quantitative indicators to assess the presence of sufficient CCs for the take-back service given the demand in a given area (availability) and at measuring the proximity between consumers and CCs (accessibility). We perform an extensive application to the Italian case, which proves the capability of the proposed indicators to: (i) allow comparative analysis among different areas of the country; (ii) shed light on the impact of spatial dimensions on the amount of collected waste; (iii) support decisions concerning the optimal location of new CCs. In this latter regard, we also discuss, formalize and test possible strategies for expanding the network.

Research on the impact of R&D investment on the international competitiveness of communication and electronic equipment industry in Hubei Province

R&D investment has always been one of the most active factors in the economic development of China’s manufacturing industry. Therefore, this paper analyzes the communication and electronic equipment industry in Hubei Province from all aspects of R&D investment, explores the competitive advantages in the development process of the industry, and looks for the future development direction of the industry in Hubei Province, so as to better complete the transformation and upgrading of the industry. Based on the current international competitiveness evaluation index system, the research on the development status of the communication and electronic equipment industry can be analyzed from the perspective of industrial international competitiveness. The industrial R&D investment is divided into three parts: personnel, capital and efficiency. R&D personnel investment and R&D capital investment have a positive impact on the international competitiveness of the industry, and R&D input-output efficiency has a positive impact on the international competitiveness of the industry There is a slight negative effect. It is pointed out that the future development direction of Hubei electronic technology industry in R&D investment should focus on personnel investment and capital investment.

АНАЛИЗ ТЕКУЩЕЙ СИТУАЦИИ С ПЕРЕРАБОТКОЙ ОТХОДОВ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО И ЭЛЕКТРОННОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ ВО ВЬЕТНАМЕ

Today, in world practice, a rapid increase in the rate of generation of household and industrial waste is noticeable, and Vietnam, as a developing country, this problem is especially tangible. With the development of industry and technology, one of the most problematic industries in terms of waste generation is the electrical and electronic equipment industry. The products of this industry are tightly integrated into all other sectors of human life, whether it is production (refrigeration equipment, machine tools, computers, monitors, communications, etc.) or everyday life (household appliances, mobile phones, game consoles, smart appliances, etc.). This article provides an analysis of the current situation with the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment in Vietnam, and provides recommendations for solving this problem.

探究构建电力企业电工装备供应商生态圈体系

探究构建电力企业电工装备供应商生态圈体系

A systems representation of the Circular Economy: Transition scenarios in the electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) industry

The electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) industry requires a Circular Economy (CE) transition, and decision-makers need support to deal with the complexities of such change. The goal of this research is: (1) providing an SD-based conceptual model for CE systems that clarifies their potential for decelerated flow of resources; (2) providing a simulation model that enables gaining knowledge of the effects of the implementation of CE strategies on nationwide stocks and flows of EEE; and (3) discussing the capabilities of such a model to facilitate CE transitions. The System Dynamics (SD) methodology is used to conceptualise and operationalise CE systems grounded on adjacent theories as industrial ecology (IE) and sustainability transitions. In this research, the resulting Circular EEE SD Model used data from publicly available sources to represent the long-term (1980–2050) adoption of flat display panel TVs in the Netherlands in different scenarios. Diverging restoration infrastructure levels and diverging product lifetimes were examined. Results show that although no scenario led to full eco-economic decoupling, the Circular EEE SD Model enables decision-makers to create “what-if” scenarios to test their assumptions about the potential effects of CE strategies to achieving transitions. The model is fully available for verification, modification, and use.

A systematic literature review on the circular economy initiatives in the European Union

The circular economy (CE) paradigm fosters to rethink and redesign the manufacturing process, usage and disposal pattern of products and services in an economy. In the past few years, CE has gained tremendous momentum in terms of research and implementation. Apart from the widening horizon of CE across the globe, numerous practitioners, policy-makers and academicians have explored the scope to incorporate various sectors of industries and businesses within the CE model. Evidently, a primary mechanism or system is required to facilitate the transition to CE. With an aim to understand this mechanism, the article analyzes, through a systematic literature review, the implementation of circular practices across the European Union (EU) member states based on a framework of circular strategies, nutrient cycles, ReSOLVE framework and circular business models. Further, the implementation of CE action plan proposed in 2015 for the EU region, has facilitated circular practices in numerous industries, owing to government policies and regulations. Additionally, it has helped in building the required infrastructure, while providing a technological push for augmenting sustainable growth in the region. Based on the analysis, it is inferred that recycling has been the most widely used circular strategy for looping back materials into the system. Waste management, electrical and electronic equipment industries and construction industries are a pioneer in CE implementation. Also, macro level initiatives by governments and/or regional administrative bodies predominate CE's implementation in the EU. A further transition to CE can be facilitated by government policies, infrastructure and technological availability, awareness, stakeholder collaboration and supply-chain integration.

Patent-Based News Shocks

We exploit firm-level data on patent grants and subsequent reactions of stocks to identify technological news shocks. Changes in stock market valuations due to announcements of individual patent grants represent expected future increases in the technology level, which we refer to as patent-based news shocks. Our patentbased news shocks resemble diffusion news, in that they do not affect total factor productivity in the short run but induce a strong permanent effect after five years. These shocks produce positive comovement between consumption, output, investment, and hours. Unlike the existing empirical evidence, patent-based news shocks generate a positive response in inflation and the federal funds rate, in line with a standard New Keynesian model. Patenting activity in electronic and electrical equipment industries, within the manufacturing sector, and computer programming and data processing services, within the services sector, play crucial roles in driving our results.

Building Policy Coherence for Sound Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Management in a Developing Country

This article explores the compatibility of Ghana’s e-waste policy (Act 917) in the country’s socioeconomic context. Our article starts with two main questions based on our empirical engagements with the act which, contextually, mimics the extended producer responsibility. First, we question the pessimistic imaginaries about the e-waste industry that seeks its outright trade ban or promotes a single version of recycling. Second, we query if the underlying assumptions and basic mechanisms of extended producer responsibility can create the enabling environment to actualize sound e-waste management. Based on prevailing context, the imaginaries appear socially peripheral, isolated, and powerless, and we call for a broader, unbiased, in-depth, critical systems thinking for understanding the complexities and multidimensional nature of the waste electrical and electronic equipment industry. We suggest that it is by fostering the positive synergies across sectors and among policies that environmentally sound e-waste policy outcomes can be achievable.

电网企业电工装备供应商生态圈构成模型及应用需求分析研究

电网企业电工装备供应商生态圈构成模型及应用需求分析研究

Early Warning System Design for WEEE Reverse Logistic Network

The increase of environmental concern as a result of corporate citizenship spreads the applications for collecting end-of-life products to a broader extent. This trend raises the issue of reverse logistics (RL), one of the major challenges in sustainability. One of the greatest barriers for successful RL is the difficulty of developing an accurate system to forecast the amount of product returns. Advanced techniques such as learning systems are proven very helpful for increasing the performance of forecasting methods. This article proposes an “early warning system” for waste collection operations in the electrical and electronic equipment industry. The main goal is to develop a supportive system for manufacturers and authorized organizations that provides foresight about their potential to reach the target values proposed by environmental regulations. The proposed forecasting system is based on an artificial neural network (ANN) model with five basic factors affecting the amount of product return: sales amount, number of houses, electricity consumption, the GINI coefficient (coefficient showing income distribution inequality) and population density. An application of the system is shown for Marmara Region, Turkey, and the compliances of all the big cities in the Marmara Region are checked for target values. The researchers' findings show that only five of eleven cities will be successful at fulfilling the required target e-waste values addressed by WEEE regulations.

The Dynamic Effect of High-Tech Industries’ R&D Investment on Energy Consumption

High-tech industries are characterized by strong technology, low energy consumption, and low pollution. Among these high-tech industries, five sectors (pharmaceutical industry, aerospace industry, electronic and communication equipment industry, computer and office equipment industry, and medical equipment industry) are selected for our study; and R&D investment is an important support for the development of high-tech industries. How do research and development (R&D) investments affect energy consumption in high-tech industries? Are these effects all positive? What are the differences in the impacts for different types of high-tech sectors or in different regions? And why? To analyze these issues, state space mode is an appropriate method which presented a dynamic process, accurately estimating the parameters at each time nod. We used this model to analyze the impact of five high-tech sectors’ research and development (R&D) investments on energy consumption in the four regions of China from 1998 to 2016. Some conclusions are drawn from the research: (1) Pharmaceutical industry has a negative influence on energy consumption in all regions. Compared with other types of high-tech industries, the pharmaceutical industry consumes a higher degree of energy. (2) In the east, middle, and northeast of China, a gap remains between scientific research and production due to the lack of high-tech personnel in the aerospace industry, which lead to a weak effects on energy consumption in these regions (3) For the electronic and communication equipment industry and computer and office equipment industry, the continuous inflow of funds and talent has led to greater competition pressure and excess production capacity in some developed areas. This accounts for the fact that the two industries’ R&D investment is beneficial to the reduction of energy consumption in the western regions. (4) The densely populated eastern region has a large demand for health services, leading to an increased demand for medical equipment. That is why the R&D of medical equipment industry have significantly reduced the energy consumption in the east regions than in the other regions.

Study about Mechanical Properties of Materials Obtained by Thermoforming

Plastic materials have played a very important role in the development of our modern civilization. It can be said that plastic materials are a tribute to man’s creativity and inventiveness. Plastic materials are the key to the innovation of many products and technologies in various sectors such as electrical and electronic equipment, packaging, civil engineering, agriculture, power generation, medical and pharmaceutical industry, aerospace and not last automotive industry. An increasingly important aspect in the automotive industry, in terms of fuel consumption is the lower weight of the components, while maintaining a very high stiffness. The difficulties of the design process of thermoformed parts is mainly due to the lack of knowledge by designers about the constraints and forces that are required during the process of thermoforming.

Benchmarking supplier external risk factors in electronic equipment industry supply chains

PurposeThe global electronic equipment industry has evolved into one of the most innovative technology-based business sectors to transpire in the last three decades. Much of its success has been attributed to effective supply chain management. The purpose of this paper is to provide an examination of external risk factors associated with the industry’s key suppliers through the creation of Bayesian networks which can be used to benchmark external risks among these suppliers.Design/methodology/approachThe study sample consists of the suppliers to seven of the leading global electronic equipment companies. Bayesian networks are used as a methodology for examining the supplier external risk profiles of the study sample.FindingsThe results of this study show that Bayesian networks can be effectively used to assist managers in making decisions regarding current and prospective suppliers with respect to their potential impact on supply chains as illustrated through their corresponding external risk profiles.Research limitations/implicationsA limitation to the use of Bayesian networks for modeling external risk profiles is the proper identification of risk events and risk categories that can impact a supply chain.Practical implicationsThe methodology used in this study can be adopted by managers to assist them in making decisions regarding current or prospective suppliers vis-à-vis their corresponding external risk profiles.Originality/valueAs part of a comprehensive supplier risk management program, companies along with their suppliers can develop specific strategies and tactics to minimize the effects of supply chain external risk events.

"Optimization of X-ray fluorescence technique for the analysis of heavy metals contained in wastes from the electrical and electronic equipment industry "

"Optimization of X-ray fluorescence technique for the analysis of heavy metals contained in wastes from the electrical and electronic equipment industry "

Product Recoverability: A Review of Assessment Methods

Today, companies need to assess the recoverability of their products from the design phase, not only for legislative reasons but also to appraise how they will be able to recover all or part of their value when they reach end of life. The main reference calculation methods are both the norm ISO 22628, which addresses the automotive industry, and the IEC/TR 62635 report, which addresses the electrical and electronic equipment industry. Both reference methods only focus on mass preservation indicators (as legislation requires) but ignore important aspects such as material quality loss, environmental impacts, and economic value preservation. Indeed, multi-criteria assessment is needed as it can be a key factor for both improving product design and to help designers integrate recycled materials into their products. In that regard, several other studies exploring multi-criteria analysis (i.e. technical, economic and/or environmental-based) do exist. The aim of this paper is to (i) present a critical review of current recoverability assessment methods and (ii) find the existing gaps by comparing whether the used indicators meet the designer needs or not.

Eko-dizajn električnih i elektronskih proizvoda

During the last decades electronic equipment industry has experienced rapid expansion, which led to increased level of presence of electric and electronic devices in everyday life. Current trends, improvements of performance, design and new software's caused the rapid obsolescence of these products and the creation of ever larger quantities of electrical and electronic waste. To achieve the concept of sustainable development in the industry of electrical and electronic equipment one of the basic conditions is the application of the principles of eco-design. This means, firstly, identifying direct and indirect impact of products on the environment at all stages of the product life cycle. After performing a detailed analysis of the product life cycle designer should approach to choosing a strategy that will be used as the implementation of the concept of eco-design. The aim of this paper is to review the general principles of eco-design of electrical and electronic products and point out the positive results of their implementation. This paper describes a general method of Life cycle analysis of the product, as well as the basic principles of eco-design with whose implementation can be achieved significant progress in reduction of negative impacts on the environment during all phases of the products life cycle.

Comments by Yuanyuan Ma, on The Rise and Fall of Thailand's Export-Oriented Industries

November 01 2017 Comments by Yuanyuan Ma, on The Rise and Fall of Thailand's Export-Oriented Industries Author and Article Information Online Issn: 1536-0083 Print Issn: 1535-3516 © 2017 by the Asian Economic Panel and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology2017Massachusetts Institute of Technology Asian Economic Papers (2017) 16 (3): 151–152. https://doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00557 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Comments by Yuanyuan Ma, on The Rise and Fall of Thailand's Export-Oriented Industries. Asian Economic Papers 2017; 16 (3): 151–152. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00557 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsAsian Economic Papers Search Advanced Search Yuanyuan Ma: The paper analyses the rise and fall of Thailand's export-oriented industries, from the perspective of the vulnerability to external shocks and challenges. Four industries, with different development paths, performance, and challenges, are analyzed in detail: the processed food industry, the automobile industry, the electronic and electrical equipment (E&E) industry, and the textile and garment industry. This paper argues that the key element to successful performance is the ability to attract continuous inflow of FDI, without which, “the future of Thailand's export-oriented industries remains bleak.” This paper addresses an important aspect of Thailand's economic growth and development. The export of goods and services have continuously accounted for more than 60 percent of Thailand's GDP since the year 2000.1 Through exposure to external economic shocks, domestic sociopolitical tensions, and natural disasters, export-oriented industries in Thailand have experienced a fluctuating development process over the past three decades. Examining the reasons... You do not currently have access to this content.

Effects of Business and Technology Diversification on Performance: Evidence from Japanese Electronic Equipment Industry

Effects of Business and Technology Diversification on Performance: Evidence from Japanese Electronic Equipment Industry

3D-MID manufacturing via laser direct structuring with nanosecond laser pulses

Abstract 3D molded interconnect device (3D-MID) is a kind of injection-molded thermoplastic part with integrated electronic circuit traces. Currently, it is a hotspot of the electronic and telecommunication equipment industry. Laser direct structuring (LDS) is the main approach to fabricate 3D-MID. Laser scans and activates the surface of thermoplastic parts. After plating, the activated area is coated with copper. In this study, a model was built to describe the mechanisms of interaction between a substrate and laser. The nanosecond laser was applied in the LDS process to manufacture 3D circuit on 3D-MID. With the aid of variable laser pulse width, the model was confirmed by a series of experiments including investigations of roughness, surface structure and energy spectrum. Finally, critical factors affecting the LDS process were found out. They are effective guides for many LDS applications.

Identification and analysis of reverse logistics barriers using fuzzy Delphi method and AHP

The environmental consciousness of customers and the emergence of stricter environmental regulations has pushed industries to think about environmental management by means of reverse logistics (RL) implementation. In order to implement RL systems, a careful analysis of barriers that hinder the reverse flow must be taken. However, most existing research on the barriers for RL implementation is focused on developed countries. Among the most important emerging economies, Brazil, the largest Latin America economy, faces challenges such as a deficient logistics infrastructure and the recently enacted National Policy on solid waste. To bridge this gap, this paper identifies and evaluates the barriers for RL in the Brazilian context. An eleven-step research methodology is proposed. First, literature was thoroughly reviewed. fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) was used to obtain the critical list of barriers by experts and industrial managers’ opinions. Then, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) questionnaires were answered by electrical–electronic equipment (EEE) industry sector experts in order to obtain the priority ranking of barriers. This paper contributes with a compilation of the RL barriers from a systematic literature review process, a list of most common RL barriers accepted by Brazilian organizations, and a priority ranking of RL barriers for the electrical-electronic industry sector in Brazil. The “Economic related issues” category of barriers seems to be the first priority. The financial burden of tax and the uncertainty related to economic issues appear to be major obstacles for RL implementation.