Electronic Dictionary Research Articles

Modern Technology: A Potential Tool to Impart English Language Skills

The present paper discusses the Lingua Franca of the world ‘English language’ and the role of technology in learning and teaching the English language effectively. The 21st-century modern technology has enabled learning and teaching of English very simple. We have a lot to choose from in the world of technology both hardware and software tools: Radio, TV, C.A.L.L, M.A.L.L, CD Rom, Computers, OHP, iPods, the Internet, Electronic Dictionary, Email, Blogs and Audio Cassettes, PPT’s, Videos, DVDs or VCD’s. Technology has brought a revolution in the life of people and completely changed their interaction and work dynamics. Industries were also greatly influenced and couldn’t escape the technical revolution. As a result, technology plays a vital role in teaching and learning. Using technology to teach English has a lot of advantages. Learners can get benefit from traditional educational institutions and also from online education. At the English lessons online we can unite to do the desired task. Different software programs, applications are available in learning Vocabulary, Pronunciation skills, Grammar, and LSRW skills. Many students in developed countries are making use of technology to learn the English language. But many more in underdeveloped countries fail to use tech tools for learning purposes due to inadequate tech facilities.

The open corpus of the Vepsian and Karelian languages

In order to preserve and systematically study the Vepsian and Karelian languages, the staff of the Institute of Language, Literature and History and the Institute of Applied Mathematical Research of the KarSC RAS have created and continue to improve the VepKar language corpus. The project is aimed at preserving and accumulating written texts in Karelian and Vepsian languages, fixing and preserving oral speech, researching the Baltic-Finnish languages of Karelia, editing the norms of newly written versions of Karelian and Vepsian languages, and creating educational applications. Anyone can use VepKar as an electronic library and a full-fledged electronic dictionary, which makes this resource very popular.

Domain embeddings for generating complex descriptions of concepts in Italian language.

In this work, we propose a Distributional Semantic resource enriched with linguistic and lexical information extracted from electronic dictionaries. This resource is designed to bridge the gap between the continuous semantic values represented by distributional vectors and the discrete descriptions provided by general semantics theory. Recently, many researchers have focused on the connection between embeddings and a comprehensive theory of semantics and meaning. This often involves translating the representation of word meanings in Distributional Models into a set of discrete, manually constructed properties, such as semantic primitives or features, using neural decoding techniques. Our approach introduces an alternative strategy based on linguistic data. We have developed a collection of domain-specific co-occurrence matrices derived from two sources: a list of Italian nouns classified into four semantic traits and 20 concrete noun sub-categories and Italian verbs classified by their semantic classes. In these matrices, the co-occurrence values for each word are calculated exclusively with a defined set of words relevant to a particular lexical domain. The resource includes 21 domain-specific matrices, one comprehensive matrix, and a Graphical User Interface. Our model facilitates the generation of reasoned semantic descriptions of concepts by selecting matrices directly associated with concrete conceptual knowledge, such as a matrix based on location nouns and the concept of animal habitats. We assessed the utility of the resource through two experiments, achieving promising outcomes in both the automatic classification of animal nouns and the extraction of animal features.

Attitudes of Jordanian school students toward dictionaries

This study aims to explore the attitude of English as a Foreign Language Learners (EFLL) in Jordanian schools about the use of different dictionary types - including paper-based, electronic monolingual, or electronic bilingual dictionaries. It also examines the challenges students face while using their dictionaries. To this end, a questionnaire was distributed among sixty-four students studying at the middle school level. The findings indicated a preference for electronic and bilingual dictionaries over monolingual paper dictionaries among most students. Based on their responses, the students predominantly use dictionaries to search for pronunciations (34.37 %) and various meanings of a word (polysemy and homonymy) (18.75 %). Preparation for speaking activities is primarily why they search for pronunciations. However, the search for abbreviations and parts of speech and other grammatical information is less frequent. Lastly, the students showed a preference for the use of more pictures and visual aids offered in pictorial dictionaries.

Applying Electronic Dictionaries in Teaching and Learning Chinese as a Second Language in Digital Context: A Study within Specific Chinese Language Electronic Dictionary in Vietnam

Applying Electronic Dictionaries in Teaching and Learning Chinese as a Second Language in Digital Context: A Study within Specific Chinese Language Electronic Dictionary in Vietnam

Technology and Local Language: Development of An Android-Based Sundanese-English Electronic Dictionary for The Baduy Community in Indonesia

Although a large amount of research on Sundanese language has been conducted, little attention has been paid to technology-based Sundanese language use. Therefore, academic and practical efforts should be made to contribute to the preservation of regional language use by developing educational technology-based innovations. The purpose of this research is to develop an Android smartphone-based bilingual dictionary application to facilitate English learning and Sundanese language preservation, especially for the Baduy tribe community. This research is categorized into research and development using the Design Based Research (DBR) method. This research was conducted in four stages, namely: (1) initial analysis stage, (2) prototype design development stage, (3) trial stage, and (4) reflection stage. Research data were collected through instruments including literature studies, interviews, expert assessments, and questionnaires. Then the data was analyzed descriptively as material for developing Android dictionary prototypes to be tested and evaluated until a qualified application model was obtained. The results showed that the development of an Android smartphone-based Sundanese dictionary contributes to English learning and Sundanese language preservation. Implications and recommendations from this research and recommendations are also discussed for future research.

Roadmap of Creating a Bilingual Uzbek-German Electronic Dictionary of Forestry Terms

This article examines the significant problem that Uzbek lexicography currently faces, namely the translation of forestry-related terms and lexicons into a bilingual Uzbek-German online dictionary. Naturally, in consideration of the fact that we live in the era of information, the valuable perspectives of scholars regarding online dictionaries are presented, and the disparities between printed and electronic dictionaries are elucidated. Additionally, forestry terms are actively employed in the discourse of experts in this domain, and initially, they are gathered, summarized, and organized into a system, thereby showcasing the ways in which online dictionaries can better serve users compared to their printed counterparts. At the same time, the article provides a general understanding of the four-step process of creating a dictionary, which is intended to meet the demand for online dictionaries of forestry professionals. The matter of developing high-quality and flawless bilingual online dictionaries is explored, and a recommendation is posited that, in the future, dictionaries should be entirely electronic rather than solely online.

Evaluating the Typographical Features of "Word of the Day" in Online English Learner's Dictionaries Based on a Multimodal Communicative Approach

The emergence of online electronic dictionaries has brought convenience to English learners. The "Big Five" in English learning dictionaries have kept up with the pace of the times, and have established their own websites which are now working as online dictionaries, so that users can use any device which is connected to the Internet to access consultations for words. On the basis of previous studies, this paper aims to focus the research on "Word of the Day", a section unique to nowadays online dictionaries, and conducts an analysis of this section in the "Big Five" learner's dictionaries from the perspective of multimodality and typographical features.

ASSESSING THE REPERCUSSIONS OF DICTIONARY FORMATS ON SCHOLARLY WRITING OUTCOMES: UNDERTAKING MIXED-METHOD APPROACH

The complexity of foreign vocabulary and the multifaceted meanings of word combinations often pose significant challenges to language learners, potentially deterring their motivation. Dictionaries, however, serve as pivotal tools in surmounting these obstacles. Extant research has extensively explored the intersection of language acquisition and dictionary utilization, revealing a marked preference among EFL students for online or electronic dictionaries over traditional paper formats. Despite the recognized importance of dictionary use in fostering language proficiency, there remains a notable paucity of research investigating the specific impact of different dictionary formats on learners' writing skills. This study adopted a quasi-experimental between-groups design, including a control group and two experimental groups, involving a cohort of 67 Chinese EFL graduates from an international college in China. Over a ten-week experimental period, participants in the experimental groups utilized digital and paper dictionaries as reference aids for abstract writing, whereas the control group was deprived of any dictionary usage. Following the experiment, a semi-structured interview was conducted to assess the benefits of dictionary use in abstract writing and to elicit learners' perceptions of digital versus print English dictionaries. The weekly abstract writing submissions from all three groups were collected and meticulously analyzed. The findings revealed that both digital and paper dictionaries significantly enhanced the abstract writing performance of the Chinese EFL graduates in the experimental groups. Notably, participants who used digital dictionaries demonstrated a substantial and statistically significant improvement in overall abstract writing quality and language usage compared to those in the print-dictionary group. Furthermore, the study reported that digital dictionaries were particularly favored by Chinese EFL graduates due to their numerous advantageous attributes, including their reliability and efficacy in identifying appropriate linguistic expressions and vocabulary. In conclusion, the empirical evidence underscores the efficacy of digital dictionaries in augmenting the writing skills of EFL learners, suggesting a potential pedagogical shift towards the integration of digital lexicographical resources in language education curricula.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0705/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

IT Applications for the Tuvan Language: Regional Practices and Future Plans

In the era of digitalization and globalization, the likelihood of the disappearance of small languages, including the Tuvan language is very high. One of the reliable and promising solutions for preserving a language is its inclusion in the digital space as a language of accumulation, processing and transmission of information, a language of communication on the Internet. Currently, a number of tasks aimed at preserving and popularizing the Tuvan language are being car­ried out within the framework of the state program to support the development of the Tuvan language in the Republic of Tuva. Various government agencies of the Republic of Tuva and interested IT specialists are working on the digitalization of the Tuvan language. Tuvan State University (TuvSU) also makes a significant contribution to the development and popularization of the Tuvan language. Teachers of the Department of Informatics of TuvSU together with scientists from the Faculty of Philology and the "Turkology" scientific and educational centerwork in the following areas: development of software products for teaching the Tuvan language, creation of software tools for text processing in the Tuvan language, creation of linguistic information resources. Along with TuvSU teachers, students from the faculties of physics, mathematics and philology also take part in this research work. The topics of students' coursework and final qualification papers are related to IT developments. This article presents the experience of research and development of teachers of the Department of Computer Science in the field of preservation, study and development of the Tuvan language using information and communication technologies in these three areas. In the first direction, electronic textbooks, interactive simulators, and mobile applications for teaching the Tuvan language are being developed. The second direction is focused on the creation of software products for processing texts in the Tuvan language — a morphological analyzer of the Tuvan language, program for checking Tuvan texts for plagiarism. The last direction is related to the creation of electronic dictionaries and translators for the Tuvan language, which can be used in all spheres of life.

Lessons learned from an electronic botany dictionary compilation project

The study offers insights into the design, working model, and solutions of the specialised electronic dictionary of botany terms in Latvian, Latin, English, German, and Russian, developed as a mobile application. The third version of this dictionary has been updated as a final one within the project ‘Smart Complex of Information Systems of Specialised Biology Lexis for the Research and Preservation of Linguistic Diversity’ and published in the Google Play Store and the Apple Store in January 2024.The study describes various aspects of the conception of a dictionary of botany terms and offers a practical dictionary compiling model for the dictionary’s mega-, macro-, and microstructure. Prior to commencing the project, a survey of the potential users was conducted to understand the preferences of the respondents and to take these preferences into consideration when developing the dictionary. New solutions to the aspects typical of a specialised dictionary of botany terms (labelling of taxonomic categories, visualization with interactive images, automatic retrieval of definitions from existing sources and their usability, etc.) were found. The study is summarised by discussing the main lessons that have been learned in the process of developing a small(~3000 entry words) specialised dictionary. The conclusions might be useful for lexicographers and translators interested in compiling dictionaries.

Innovative approaches to development of foreign-language vocabulary: the role of modern digital tools in distance learning

The contemporary era is marked by the extensive digitalization of society, leading to notable impacts on the educational sphere and the emergence of new challenges. Digital technologies offer vast opportunities for modernizing the educational process and ensuring educational accessibility. Integrating digital tools into education enables personalized learning, and customization of programs to students’ needs, and enhances training effectiveness. Nevertheless, the ever-evolving nature of digital technologies necessitates a continuous search for efficient utilization methods, particularly in distance education, making the presented research relevant. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of fundamental digital tools and resources currently available, which can be employed or adapted for developing the lexical aspect of foreign language communicative competence among higher education students, particularly within the framework of distance education. The work highlights the functions of using digital technologies in education and their advantages in developing foreign language lexical skills. The paper presents an analysis of various available digital resources, including electronic dictionaries, websites, mobile applications, and AI-based review tools. These methods of utilizing digital resources in language learning within higher education can enhance students’ mastery of vocabulary and overall educational quality. The results of a comprehensive analysis of basic digital technologies prove the effectiveness of electronic digital resources in teaching foreign languages at the higher education level.

SIMILARITIES OF LEXICAL-SEMANTIC RELATIONS IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES

This article deals with corpus linguistics, ideas about the corpus and its parallel corpus link, its structure, corpus types, tokens, lemmas, stemming. Today, the theoretical and practical significance of the corps is in the study of the existing possibilities of language in Uzbek linguistics, the identification of problematic aspects of linguistics, the creation of electronic dictionaries, increasing the effectiveness of modern information technology in language learning, automatic translation, search and computer analysis. In solving problems, there is a need to build a corpus of language in specific areas.

PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH THE COMPONENT "EYE / EYES" IN SLAVIC AND VIETNAMESE LANGUAGES AS A MEANS OF EXPRESSING NON-VERBAL PERSON’S BEHAVIOR

The purpose of the study is to determine the representation of non-verbal communicative behavior of the Slavs and Vietnamese in a phraseological way on the example of the behavior of characters in literary translations from several Slavic languages (Ukrainian, Polish, Russian) into Vietnamese. The object of study is the identical, similar and distinctive features of non-verbal communicative behavior by eyes that characterize the Slavs and Vietnamese. Electronic online dictionaries, including phraseological dictionaries of the Ukrainian, Polish, Russian, and Vietnamese languages, as well as several original artistic texts of Slavic authors and their translations into the Vietnamese language, were chosen as research material. The result of the research is the observations highlighted in the presentation of the main material of the article and its conclusions. A comparative analysis of phraseological means of communicative oculesics shows that non-verbal means of communication can have a universal, socially delineated and nationally defined character. Most of the phraseological units with the component “eye / eyes” in the Slavic and Vietnamese linguocultural spaces have equivalents. There are also background and non-equivalent units.

Electronic dictionary as a means of forming linguoregionological and communicative competencies among foreign students

Electronic dictionary as a means of forming linguoregionological and communicative competencies among foreign students

PRINCIPLES OF COMPILING A GERMAN-UKRAINIAN DICTIONARY OF PARONYMS

This article addresses the principles of selecting paronyms and the methodology for compiling an electronic German-Ukrainian dictionary of paronyms using a corpus-based approach and systematic analysis to identify similarities and differences in the use of paronyms in speech. The author presents a concept of paronymy as a systemic phenomenon involving etymologically related words with similar morphemic structures but different meanings. By conducting a comparative analysis of collocations, the study identified 1,836 paronyms organized into paronymic series, each comprising two to nine components. The article examines existing dictionaries of paronyms and highlights their lexicographic shortcomings, such as excessive normative/prescriptive orientation, inadequate development of dictionary entries from both linguistic and didactic perspectives, and a lack of rigorous evaluations of modern data to inform dictionary compilation. The ideal paronym dictionary should rely on corpus data, providing reliable information with generalizations about individual word uses within conventionalized language usage. Corpus-based tools, such as those used for contrasting near-synonyms, systematically identify similarities and differences between paronyms in a contrastive manner. This process determines the degree of semantic closeness among expressions with similar contextual usage by comparing their immediate collocational patterns. The recorded semantic closeness or distance between paronyms is based on their contextual overlap in usage. The lexicographic processing of the selected paronyms was carried out with TshwaneLex, a computer-based dictionary creation software that allows lexicographers to develop dictionaries for any language without requiring advanced IT skills. TshwaneLex offers various features such as automatic cross-reference tracking, advanced dictionary comparison/merge functionality, and support for all world languages through full Unicode compatibility. The lemma editing process uses a tree-based interface to represent the hierarchical structure of the lemma, including different meanings, submeanings, word formations, multi-word units, examples of usage, cross-references, and more. Furthermore, the input/output architecture is designed to support the development of additional interfaces for various data sources as add-ons or plug-ins, facilitating other output formats. The article notes that a PHP-based software module is currently available for hosting the TshwaneLex dictionary on the internet, providing an accessible platform for electronic dictionary publication.

KAZAKH DIGITAL TERMINOLOGY: EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING A TERMINOLOGICAL SUBCORPUS (metatext and terminology markup parameters)

The article is devoted to scientific-theoretical and applied-practical issues (development of metatext and terminological markings) of the creation of a terminological subcorpus, which is part of the National Corpus of the Kazakh Language (NCKL).In the course of the study, the following results were achieved in the development of the terminological subcorpus of the NCKL: 1) scientific texts included in the terminological corpus base have the following meta-text markups: Source, Text type, Text Title, Text Style, Keywords of the text, Field of science, Text language, Number of pages of text, Text graphics, Number of usages, Age of the audience, Subcorpus, Date the text was entered, Markup; 2) terminological terms of various branches of science were assigned terminological markings, including the following parameters: variants of the term in Kazakh and Russian, the etymology of the term and the words that make up the terminological combination, and its equivalent in the Kazakh language, the definition of each term in the Kazakh language, the source from which it was obtained definition of the term, area(s) of application of the term, author of the term, composition of the term, approved version of the term, year of its approval, translation of the term in industry terminology dictionaries, use of the term in legislation (translation and variants).The theoretical significance: clarifies and complements the scientific foundations of the compilation of bilingual and multilingual industry, explanatory terminological dictionaries, the development of electronic dictionaries, contributes to the development of applied terminology and terminography.The practical significance: it can be used in lexicographic practice in the process of developing thematic and sectoral terminological subcorps and during the improvement of the structure and content of various terminological dictionaries.The research used methods of collection, sorting, systematization, translation, diachronic, factual, lexicographic comparison and matching, structural (morphological, syntactic) analysis.

The Dictionary Use among Generation Z Students of English: A Survey Study

Dictionaries are indispensable tools for language learning. Today, every area of life has been changing rapidly with technology. In such a rapidly changing world, it is inevitable to witness changes in the dictionary behaviors of today’s generation. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the dictionary needs and habits of Generation Z students of English. In the study, the data was collected through an online survey, and the participants were university preparatory-class students of English. According to the results, Generation Z students of English prefer using electronic dictionaries rather than printed dictionaries since they believe that using electronic dictionaries saves time. Additionally, they think that dictionaries are beneficial and necessary because they help them improve their language skills while learning English. Further research on dictionary use can explore several avenues to deepen the understanding of how dictionaries are utilized, their impact on language learning, and ways to enhance their effectiveness.

Electronic Dictionary System of Terminology for School Textbooks with Speech Synthesis Function

This research, funded under the BR11765535 “Development of Scientific and Linguistic Foundations and IT Resources to Expand the Functions and Improve the Culture of the Kazakh Language” project. The article introduces an electronic dictionary allowing users to look up definitions of terms found in school textbooks. The system accommodates the age characteristics of students, providing a voice-guided interface for primary school students. Users include administrators, specialists with database access, and general users. The article details the algorithm for creating terminology, the user interface, and functionalities for guests, experts, and administrators. The proposed system facilitates equal access to education and aligns with inclusive educational environments.

Development of an electronic dictionary of terminology for school textbooks

This research, funded under the BR11765535 “Development of Scientific and Linguistic Foundations and IT Resources to Expand the Functions and Improve the Culture of the Kazakh Language” project, aimed at advancing the scientific and linguistic foundations of the Kazakh language and enhancing its role in interethnic communication through digital resources. Focusing on the urgent need for specialized digital terminological dictionaries for school subjects, the project addresses the limitations of existing resources, particularly for school students. The article discusses the criteria for inclusion in the terminological dictionary, emphasizing the significance, frequency, and thematic relevance of terms across various subjects. The project has undertaken the compilation of a comprehensive database covering key school subjects in the Kazakh language.