Electronic Cigarette Use Research Articles

40792 A national database study on the relationship between electronic cigarette use and common skin cancers

40792 A national database study on the relationship between electronic cigarette use and common skin cancers

Ocular Symptoms in Adolescents and Young Adults With Electronic Cigarette, Cigarette, and Dual Use

Despite increasing use of cigarettes and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and related health effects among youth, few studies have reported their effects on eyes. To examine the frequency and severity of ocular symptoms (ocular discomfort, pain, burning, itching, redness, dryness, glare, blurriness, strain, and headaches) in young e-cigarette and cigarette users. In an observational cross-sectional study, a survey conducted in May 6 to 14, 2020, asked participants about use (ever, past 30 days, and past 7 days) of e-cigarettes and cigarettes. The participants included US individuals aged 13 to 24 years. Associations between vision-related outcomes (general vision, severity/frequency of ocular symptoms) and tobacco use were analyzed using weighted multivariable logistic regressions, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, contact lens use, and other combustible use. There were 2168 never users, 2183 ever users, 1092 past 30-day users, and 919 past 7-day users of e-cigarettes; 55.9% of e-cigarette ever users also used cigarettes (dual users). Of the 4351 respondents, 63.8% identified as female, and mean (SD) age was 19.1 (2.9) years. Between 1.1% and 3.9% of ever dual users reported severe to very severe ocular symptoms; between 0.9% and 4.3% reported daily symptoms, which was higher than the proportion of symptoms in e-cigarette- or cigarette-only users. Past 7-day dual users had more severe itching (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.37; 95% CI, 1.36-4.13; P = .002), redness (AOR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.50-4.46; P = .001), dryness (AOR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.64-5.08; P < .001), glare (AOR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.50-4.35; P = .001), blurriness (AOR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.36-4.50; P = .003), headaches (AOR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.34-4.00; P = .003); and more frequent pain (AOR, 3.45; 95% CI, 2.09-5.68; P < .001), burning (AOR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.86-5.09; P < .001), and redness (AOR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.69-4.36; P < .001) than all other participants. Past 30-day dual users had more severe dryness (AOR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.61-4.36; P < .001) and more frequent pain (AOR, 3.33; 95% CI, 2.12-5.21; P < .001) than all other participants. Ever dual users experienced more severe dryness (AOR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.05-2.43; P = .03) and blurriness (AOR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.21-2.64; P = .003) and more frequent pain (AOR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.13-2.53; P = .01) and blurriness (AOR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.13-2.36; P = .009) than never users. In this cross-sectional US study, adolescents and young adult users of both e-cigarettes and cigarettes had a higher likelihood of experiencing severe and frequent ocular symptoms, with past 7-day users reporting more symptoms than past 30-day users or ever users. These findings provide additional reasons for users of e-cigarettes and cigarettes to reduce their tobacco use to possibly prevent or minimize ocular symptoms.

Use of real-time monitors to evaluate the potential exposure of secondhand electronic cigarette particulate matter inside vehicles

Electronic cigarette (ECIG) use continues to be highly prevalent, especially among youth and young adults. Potential exposure from secondhand ECIG particulate matter (PM) places bystanders in danger of inhaling harmful substances, especially in confined spaces. This study was conducted to measure the potential exposure from secondhand ECIG PM exposure in vehicles, with participants completing a 30-min ECIG use session in their own vehicle with their preferred ECIG device. Sessions included a 5-min, 10-puff directed bout (30-s interpuff interval), followed by a 25-min ad libitum bout in which participants could take as many puffs as desired. Real-time PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 (the 50% efficiency mass cut-off of that passes through a size-selective inlet at 1 μm, 2.5 μm, and 10 μm aerodynamic diameters, respectively) measurements were captured during the sessions using portable PM monitors (MiniWRAS, pDR, SidePak, and GeoAir2 low-cost monitors). A total of 56 participants with valid measurements were included in the study, with a total of 13 unique ECIG device brands, including Vuse Alto, Box Air Bar, ElfBar, Esco Bar, Aegis Legend, Hyde Edge, JUUL, Kang Onee Stick, Kang Onee Stick Plus, Nord X, Nord 2, Nord 3, and Vaporesso. During the 5-min directed bout, the highest real-time PM2.5 mean concentrations were 175 μg/m3 for the MiniWRAS, 1050 μg/m3 for pDR and 3314 μg/m3 for SidePak. The filter measurements were not detectable in most experiments, except for two participants, with one taking 205 puffs and the other taking 285 puffs, approximately 10 times the mean (30) puffs of all participants. The evaluation of GeoAir2 with the MiniWRAS showed a wide range of Pearson correlation coefficient (r) values, ranging from −0.03 to 1.00, for the 13 ECIG brands. The mass median diameter (0.31 μm–3.42 μm) and geometric standard deviation (2.47–8.21) were different based on the participants for the same ECIG brand.

Exploring electronic cigarette portrayals: a content and thematic analysis of African online news coverage

BackgroundElectronic cigarette use has surged internationally in recent years, with numerous countries noting an uptick in users. Despite this, the portrayal of e-cigarette usage in African news remains unclear.MethodsThis research investigates the subject, employing a mixed-methodology approach. The study units were news articles on electronic cigarette use retrieved from AllAfrica, an online African news archive. A total of 38 online news and opinion articles published between June 2017 and June 2022 qualified the exclusion and inclusion criteria. A content analysis revealed prevalent codes and themes, while a thematic analysis explored the association between news sources and framing.ResultsThe results indicate that articles and arguments presenting e-cigarettes positively outnumber those with a negative slant. The health impacts of electronic cigarettes emerged as the most discussed topic, with health authorities frequently cited as news sources. However, these health authorities often lacked a unified stance on e-cigarette safety.ConclusionThe lack of consensus among health officials could have public health consequences, possibly resulting in the formulation of uninformed policies.

Online Interest for Electronic Cigarettes Using Google Trends in the UK: A Correlation Analysis

Background: Google Trends provides an easily accessible and cost-effective method of providing real-time insight into user interest. Objective: to address the gap in UK prevalence data for e-cigarettes by analyzing Google Trends to identify correlations with official data from Action on Smoking and Health. The study further evaluates Google Trend’s sensitivity to real-time events and the ability for predictive models to forecast future data based on Google Trends. Methods: UK Google Trends data from 2012 to 2021 was analyzed to assess (a) the most popular electronic nicotine device terminology; (b) statistically significant points in time; (c) correlations between Relative Search Volumes and official reports on electronic cigarette use and (d) whether Google Trends could predict future patterns in data. These were achieved using Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing regression, Pruned Exact Linear Time Method, cross correlation, and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average algorithms respectively. Results: “Vape” was revealed to be the most popular electronic nicotine device terminology with a correlation coefficient greater than +0.9 when compared to official electronic cigarette consumption data within a one-year timescale (lag 0). Results from ARIMA modeling were varied with the algorithms forecasted trends line occasionally lying outside of a 95% prediction interval. Conclusion: Google Trends may correspond to population-based prevalence of electronic cigarette use. The changing trends coincide with changing policy decisions. Google Trends based prediction for online interest in electronic cigarettes requires further validation so should currently be used in conjunction with other traditional methods of data collections.

Trends in Electronic Cigarette Use Among US Adults With a History of Cardiovascular Disease

This cross-sectional study analyzes the prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among adults with cardiovascular disease in the US between 2014 and 2020.

Beyond the label: current evidence and future directions for the interrelationship between electronic cigarettes and mental health.

Electronic cigarette use has dramatically increased over the last decade. With this recent technological development and wide range of constituents in various products, putative adverse effects on the brain and body have been largely unexplored. Here, we review current evidence linking electronic nicotine cigarette use with potential health consequences and provide evidence supporting an association between drug use and depression in humans. We also examine the biological effects of individual constituents in electronic cigarette aerosols, which include labeled ingredients, such as propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, nicotine, and flavorants, as well as unlabeled ingredients found in the aerosols, such as carbonyls and heavy metals. Lastly, we examine the effects of electronic cigarette use on endogenous metabolism via changes in cytochrome P450 enzymes, which can thereby impact therapeutic outcomes. While the current evidence offers insight into the potential effects of electronic cigarette use on biological processes, further studies are necessary to determine the long-term clinical relevance of aerosol inhalation.

Electronic cigarettes: a new social practice and the challenge of tobacco control policies

Smoking is a chronic disease and is considered a serious public health problem and has been the target of many preventive and health promotion actions over time. The most consumed tobacco product among adults and young people is the conventional cigarette, however, the consumption of smokeless tobacco or other smoked tobacco products, such as electronic cigarettes, has been observed on an increasing basis in the world. Electronic smoking devices (EFD), which have increasingly attracted the attention of young consumers, involve different equipment and technologies. Based on the precautionary principle, since 2009, Brazil has prohibited the sale, importation and advertising of all types of DEF that offer the replacement of cigarettes, cigarillos, cigars, pipes and the like or that aim at an alternative to the treatment of smoking, through RDC n 46, of August 28, 2009. Even though it is prohibited in Brazil, the use of electronic cigarettes as an alternative is evident, revealing a new challenge to be faced by tobacco control policies. The knowledge gaps inherent to a new social practice, as well as the need to build references that contribute to better decision-making, whether in the scope of professional intervention or the management of public policies, with a view to protecting the health of the population, for itself already makes the expansion of knowledge about this theme relevant. However, it is necessary to understand that prevention, promotion and control actions must be understood in a transversal and interdisciplinary way, so that one can reflect on the processes that involve political, socioeconomic and cultural aspects that interact directly with the health process -illness. Thus, based on the problem presented and considering the relevance of the issue in question, as a field little faced in this area, it is emphasized that the expansion of investigations and the deepening of discussions about it, will allow a better understanding and visibility of the problem.

Lung abscess as a complication of Lemierre Syndrome in adolescents: a single center case reports and review of the literature

BackgroundFusobacterium necrophorum is an anaerobic, gram-negative, non-motile, filamentous, non-spore forming bacillus found in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract, responsible of a rare disease named Lemierre Syndrome, characterized by septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein, which mainly affects previously healthy adolescents and young adults; some risk factors are reported, as smoking or primary viral or bacterial infection leading to the disruption of mucosa. The syndrome originates commonly from an upper respiratory infection such as pharyngotonsillitis, acute otitis media, cervical lymphadenitis, sinusitis, or odontogenic abscess, and may result in multiorgan metastasis, more frequently leading to pulmonary complications, especially lung abscesses.Case presentationWe describe two cases of adolescents with atypical Lemierre Syndrome evaluated in a tertiary care center, one with a confirmed infection by Fusobacterium necrophorum and one with a presumptive diagnosis based on clinical features, who developed lung abscesses needing a prolonged antibiotic course and hospitalization. Of interest, both were user of electronic cigarette, configuring a possible new risk factor. The proper diagnosis of Lemierre Syndrome is often difficult to establish, so a high degree of suspicion is needed, especially in the case of lung abscesses in otherwise healthy adolescents.ConclusionThe current study will contribute to providing insight into Lemierre Syndrome clinical presentation and management in adolescents, promoting awareness for a rare but potentially fatal disease. Moreover, it suggests a possible relationship between Lemierre syndrome and the use of electronic cigarette, that should be investigated by future studies.

A Lifestyle Communication Tool: Association of E-cigarette Use and Pre-diabetes.

The aim of this study was to present a framework for clinicians to use when discussing electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and its association with pre-diabetes. A communication tool was designed using evidence-based strategies from the academic literature. A four-step framework is presented, which includes: step (1) helping patients to understand the association between e-cigarette use and pre-diabetes; step (2) the synergistic health impacts of e-cigarette use and pre-diabetes; step (3) management of diabetes-related lifestyle factors; and step (4) stages of change assessment related to e-cigarette reduction. This communication tool provides support for clinicians to discuss the risk of pre-diabetes associated with e-cigarette use. Moving forward, implementation and evaluation of this model are needed.

Chronic Inhalation of Pod-based e-cigarette Aerosols on Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Central Nervous and Peripheral Systems

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) use has been dramatically increased recently, especially among youths. In this study, we evaluated the effect of one- and three-months continuous exposure to e-cig vapor (JUUL pods), containing high nicotine concentration, on the expression of glutamate receptors and transporters and mainly the associated neuroinflammatory markers in drug reward brain regions such as nucleus accumbens (NAc) core (NAc-core), NAc shell (NAc-shell) and hippocampus (HIP) in female C57BL/6 mice. We revealed that three months’ exposure to mint or mango flavored-JUUL (containing 5% nicotine, 59 mg/ml) induced upregulation in metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (phosphorylated and total PSD95) expression, and downregulation of mGluR5 and glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) in the NAc-shell. Three months’ exposure to JUUL induced upregulation of mGluR5 and GLT-1 expression in the HIPP. We further revealed that mice exposed to JUUL Mango and JUUL Mint for one month had significantly increased TNF-α expression in the NAc-core and NAc-shell, with elevation in IL-1β as well. NAc-shell also showed significantly increased levels of IL-6 and HMGB-1 for both flavors. There were significantly increased levels of TNF-α in the NAc-core and NAc-shell for both Mint- and Mango-exposed JUUL mice for three months. NAc-shell also showed significantly increased levels of IL-1β, IL-6, HMGB-1, and RAGE after three months of JULL exposure, while the hippocampus showed significantly decreased levels of HMGB-1 for both flavors. These findings demonstrated that exposure to e-cig vapor containing high nicotine concentrations induced differential effects on glutamatergic system as well as induction of proinflammatory markers in the brain.

Usage du tabac et de la cigarette électronique chez la femme enceinte : une étude transversale

ObjectivesThe article aims to describe tobacco and e-cigarette use among pregnant women: estimate the prevalence, identify the determinants and motivations of these behaviours. MethodsCross-sectional, multicentre, descriptive observational study using self-administered questionnaires for pregnant women who visited ELENA healthcare centers in May 2021. ResultsOf 223 patients, 38% were smokers before pregnancy and 16% continued to smoke during pregnancy. Nearly all the smokers (98%) declared that they had reduced or stopped their tobacco use, mostly without help. Young age, lack of professional activity, an unfavourable reaction to the announcement of the pregnancy, heavy smoking before the pregnancy and the presence of a smoker spouse were associated with smoking during pregnancy. Our study identified 10% of vapers before pregnancy and 7.2% during pregnancy. Of those who vaped during pregnancy, 81% were smokers before pregnancy. Most of them used a nicotine containing liquid and 38% of vapers combined smoking and e-cigarettes during pregnancy. There was no association between vaping during pregnancy and smoking cessation. A minority of women had received information about smoking during pregnancy. ConclusionsThe use of electronic cigarettes by pregnant women is a poorly-known reality in France, yet it concerns approximately 7% of the women in our sample. Prospective studies on larger numbers are needed to assess the prevalence of vaping among French pregnant women and its evolution during pregnancy.

Adolescent Protective Factors for Preventing Electronic Cigarette Use

Adolescent electronic cigarette (e-cigarettes) use is a major public health concern. However, there is a relative dearth of literature on factors that prevent the use of e-cigarettes for adolescents. The purpose of the present study was to focus on five protective factors relevant for the prevention of adolescent e-cigarette use. We tested these factors with a large sample of adolescents within a single anlaytic model that allowed for making comparisons among protective factors as well as replicating findings from prior research. Secondary data analysis was conducted on a large sub-sample ( n = 33, 193) of data from students who participated in a school survey in the state of Utah. Results from logistic regression indicated that belief in a moral order ( OR = 2.30, p &lt; .001), perceived risk of e-cigarette use ( OR = 2.22, p &lt; .001), family management ( OR = 1.62, p &lt; .001), and commitment to school ( OR = 1.43, p &lt; .001) were significantly associated with abstaining from e-cigarette use in the past 30-days. Implications of the findings are discussed in the context of preventing adolescent e-cigarette use.

Cardiopulmonary Impact of Electronic Cigarettes and Vaping Products: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Vaping and electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use have grown exponentially in the past decade, particularly among youth and young adults. Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for both cardiovascular and pulmonary disease. Because of their more limited ingredients and the absence of combustion, e-cigarettes and vaping products are often touted as safer alternative and potential tobacco-cessation products. The outbreak of e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury in the United States in 2019, which led to >2800 hospitalizations, highlighted the risks of e-cigarettes and vaping products. Currently, all e-cigarettes are regulated as tobacco products and thus do not undergo the premarket animal and human safety studies required of a drug product or medical device. Because youth prevalence of e-cigarette and vaping product use was as high as 27.5% in high school students in 2019 in the United States, it is critical to assess the short-term and long-term health effects of these products, as well as the development of interventional and public health efforts to reduce youth use. The objectives of this scientific statement are (1) to describe and discuss e-cigarettes and vaping products use patterns among youth and adults; (2) to identify harmful and potentially harmful constituents in vaping aerosols; (3) to critically assess the molecular, animal, and clinical evidence on the acute and chronic cardiovascular and pulmonary risks of e-cigarette and vaping products use; (4) to describe the current evidence of e-cigarettes and vaping products as potential tobacco-cessation products; and (5) to summarize current public health and regulatory efforts of e-cigarettes and vaping products. It is timely, therefore, to review the short-term and especially the long-term implications of e-cigarettes and vaping products on cardiopulmonary health. Early molecular and clinical evidence suggests various acute physiological effects from electronic nicotine delivery systems, particularly those containing nicotine. Additional clinical and animal-exposure model research is critically needed as the use of these products continues to grow.

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue in the Setting of Electronic Cigarette Use

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue in the Setting of Electronic Cigarette Use

Use of electronic cigarettes among African American cancer survivors.

The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is increasing rapidly in the United States, although the negative health outcomes associated with these products are still unknown. Emerging research has examined the use of e-cigarettes in the cancer survivor population as a whole, yet none has focused on e-cigarette use in the African American (AA) cancer survivor population. The authors used data from the Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors cohort study, comprised of AA adult cancer survivors. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate factors potentially associated with e-cigarette ever use and current use. Of 4443 cancer survivors who completed a baseline interview, 8.3% (n=370) reported ever using e-cigarettes, and 16.5% (n=61) of those reporting ever use also reported current use of e-cigarettes. Ever users and current users were on average younger than those who did not use e-cigarettes (57.5vs. 61.2years; p<.001). Current cigarette smokers were >20 times more likely (odds ratio, 20.75; 95% confidence interval, 12.84-33.55) and former smokers were almost 10 times more likely (odds ratio, 9.50; 95% confidence interval, 6.03-14.97) to have ever used e-cigarettes than never-smokers. Preliminary data suggested that ever use of e-cigarettes is associated with later stage at diagnosis for breast and colorectal cancers. As the use of e-cigarettes increases in the general population, it is important to continue to monitor their use in cancer survivors and to gain more insight as it pertains to the AA cancer survivor population. Elucidation of the factors associated with e-cigarette use in this population may help inform comprehensive cancer survivorship recommendations and interventions.

Use of Vaping as a Smoking Cessation Aid: A Review of Clinical Trials.

Smoking is a global public health concern, with a significant negative impact on human health and healthcare spending. Vaping, or the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), has emerged as a popular alternative to traditional nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs) for smoking cessation. While considered less harmful than combustible cigarettes, the long-term health effects of e-cigarettes (vaping) are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and provide a comprehensive overview of the performance of vaping in clinical trials. A search was conducted in the ClinicalTrials.gov database on April 14th, 2023, using the search term "smoking cessation, e-cigarettes, NRTs, and vaping". Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined to identify relevant clinical trials. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized clinical trials that evaluated vaping as a therapeutic approach to smoking cessation were included. A total of 87 clinical trials were identified, of which only seven were related to smoking cessation through vaping as a form of treatment. The primary endpoint was the effect of vaping as smoking cessation, and the secondary endpoints were patients' abstinence rate, withdrawal symptoms, and adverse events of e-cigarettes. Most of the trials used e-cigarettes as an intervention, with some trials including a combination of e-cigarettes and other NRTs. The trials lasted from 4 weeks to 12 months. The overall results of the trials indicated that vaping was effective in helping smokers to quit. It was also associated with a lower risk of adverse events than combustible cigarettes. Vaping appears to be an effective method for smoking cessation, and it is associated with a lower risk of adverse events than combustible cigarettes.

Association between socioecological factors and electronic cigarette use among Thai youth: an institution-based cross-sectional study

ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine cigarette use distribution, pattern of e-cigarette use and to determine socioecological model (SEM) factors associated with e-cigarette use among Thai youth (aged 15–24).DesignAn institution-based cross-sectional...

Impact of e-cigarette vaping aerosol exposure in pregnancy on mTOR signaling in rat fetal hippocampus.

Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use during pregnancy has become a major health concern in recent years and many view them as less harmful and may help quit or reduce combustible cigarettes. Implementing a state-of-the-art engineered vaping system, comprising an atomizer similar to those sold in vape shops, we aimed to utilize a translational e-cig inhalation delivery method to provide crucial information on the impact of prenatal e-cig aerosols on the developing brain hippocampal mTOR system in a rat model system. Gestational e-cig vaping significantly increased P-mTOR levels (p < 0.05) in the rat fetal hippocampi in the nicotine group (comprising of VG/PG + nicotine) compared to the control and the juice (comprising of VG/PG) groups. Total mTOR expression was not different among groups. Immunofluorescence imaging demonstrated P-mTOR was detected exclusively in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus of the fetal hippocampus. E-cig did not alter DEPTOR, but RAPTOR and RICTOR were higher (p < 0.05) in the Nicotine group. Gestational e-cig vaping with nicotine increased (p < 0.05) the activity and expression of 4EBP1, p70S6K, but decreased (p < 0.05) P-PKCα in the fetal hippocampi. In summary, dysregulation of mTORC1 and the related mTORC2, their activity, and downstream proteins together may play a critical role in e-cig-vaping-induced neurobiological phenotypes during development.

Factors Associated with the Incidence of COVID-19: A Case Control Study in Tasikmalaya, Indonesia

This case-control study aimed to investigate the relationship between smoking habits, electronic cigarette use, vaccination status, comorbidities, and the incidence of COVID-19. A total of 63 participants, including 21 cases and 42 controls, were included based on specific criteria. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses. The results revealed that there was no significant association between smoking habits (p value= 0.287), e-cigarette use (p value= 0.114), and vaccination status (p value= 0.287) with the incidence. However, a significant relationship was observed between comorbidities and the incidence (p value= 0.000). These findings suggest that while smoking habits, e-cigarette use, and vaccination status may not be significantly associated with the incidence, comorbidities play a significant role. Further research and public health efforts are needed to explore preventive strategies and support individuals with comorbidities in reducing their susceptibility to COVID-19.