Electronic Absorption Spectroscopy Research Articles

Vibronic Coupling in Vitamin B12: A Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Study.

Understanding the diverse reactivities of vitamin B12 and its derivatives, collectively called cobalamins, requires detailed knowledge of their geometric and electronic structures. Electronic absorption (Abs) and resonance Raman (rR) spectroscopies have proven invaluable in this area, particularly when used in concert with computational techniques such as density functional theory (DFT). There remain, however, lingering uncertainties in the computational description of electronic excited states of cobalamins, particularly surrounding the vibronic coupling that impacts the Abs bandshapes and gives rise to rR enhancement of vibrational modes. Past computational analyses of the vibrational spectra of cobalamins have either neglected rR enhancement or calculated rR enhancement for only a small number of modes. In the present study, we used the recently developed ORCA_ASA computational tool in conjunction with the popular B3LYP and BP86 functionals to predict Abs bandshapes and rR spectra for vitamin B12. The ORCA_ASA/B3LYP-computed Abs envelope in the visible spectral region and rR spectra of vitamin B12 agree remarkably well with our experimental data, while BP86 fails to reproduce both. This finding represents a significant advance in our understanding of how these two commonly used density functionals differently model the electronic properties of cobalamins. Guided by the computed frequencies for the Co-C stretching and Co-C-N bending modes, we identified, for the first time, isotope-sensitive features in our rR spectra of 12CNCbl and 13CNCbl that can be assigned to these modes. A normal coordinate analysis of the experimentally determined Co-C stretching and Co-C-N bending frequencies indicates that the Co-C force constant for vitamin B12 is 2.67 mdyn/Å, considerably larger than the Co-C force constants reported for alkylcobalamins.

Tetrachromophoric Derivatives of Dibenzoylmethanatoboron Difluoride Based on Stereoregular Cyclotetrasiloxanes: Synthesis and Properties.

A series of new tetrachromophoric systems based on stereoregular tetracyclosiloxanes and dibenzoylmethanatoboron difluoride derivatives have been synthesized and characterized by a complex of physicochemical methods. The photophysical properties of the synthesized compounds are studied by electronic absorption, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. In the synthesized compounds, four dibenzoylmethanatoboron difluoride (DBMBF2)-based fluorophores are in an all-cis arrangement with respect to a cyclotetrasiloxane scaffold. DFT calculations predict that they can form H-type dimers, trimers, or tetramers with an antiparallel orientation of their ground-state dipole moments. Under UV excitation, solutions of these compounds in polar and nonpolar solvents exhibit complex fluorescence consisting of monomer- and excimer-like emissions with different lifetimes. Global fitting analysis reveals the presence of at least four kinetically distinguishable species in the excited state. The studied compounds in solutions have CIE chromaticity coordinates very close to the white color point and are promising objects for the development of next-generation single-emission materials for white illumination.

Synthesis of a new μ-chlorido-bridged tetra-nuclear copper(II) complex containing 2,3,5,6-tetra(2-pyridyl)pyrazine (tppz), chlorido and perchlorato ligands: non-planar central pyrazine rings

A μ-chlorido-bridged tetra-nuclear copper(II) complex containing 2,3,5,6-tetra(2-pyridyl)pyrazine (tppz), chlorido, and perchlorato ligands, starting from 2-aminomethyl pyridine (AMP) and Cu(OAc)2·H2O, was synthesized. The structure of the complex was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and electronic absorption spectroscopy (UV–Vis). The redox behavior of the complex was explored by cyclic voltammetry. The tetra-nuclear structure is formed by combining the di-nuclear copper complex of the two tppz ligands with a chloride bridge. The Cu(1) center adopts a distorted octahedral geometry, whereas the other three Cu centers adopt square pyramid geometries. Crystal data of the complex are monoclinic, P21/c, a = 13.602(4) Å, b = 13.438(4) Å, c = 29.412(8) Å, α = 90°, β = 95.258(8)°, γ = 90°, V = 5353(3) Å3, Z = 4. When the SCXRD structure was examined, it was determined that the two central pyrazine rings deviated from planarity, which is one of the four criteria for aromaticity. The aromaticity of the central pyrazine rings, whose planarity is disturbed, is decreased. Based on these bond lengths, the harmonic oscillator aromaticity model (HOMA) values of the non-planar central pyrazine rings were calculated as 0.964926 and 0.942886, respectively.

Structural, spectral and biological studies of (E)-2-((2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)hydrazineylidene)methyl)-4,6-dibromophenol (HL) and its metal complexes of Mn(II), Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II)

In this article there are five mononuclear complexes were discovered, 1. [Mn(II)(2-BHMBP)2], 2. [Cu(II)(2-BHMBP)2], 3. [Co(II)(2-BHMBP)2], 4. [Ni(II)(2-BHMBP)2] and 5. [Zn(II)(2-BHMBP)2] utilising a Imine base ligand, HL C14H9Br2N3OS (E)-2-((2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)hydrazineylidene)methyl)-4,6-dibromophenol were prepared and structurally characterised by the FT-IR spectra (vibrational spectroscopy), Proton NMR (1H NMR) spectroscopy, Carbon NMR (13C NMR) spectroscopy, ESI- Mass, SEM, EDX, powder XRD, TGA and ESR/EPR strategies. The complexes preliminary Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) binding activity was investigated by electronic absorption, fluorescence and viscosity spectroscopy in the presence of Calf thymus-DNA (CT-DNA). Using the agarose gel electrophoresis method in the presence of H2O2, DNA photo cleavage studies were performed on all metal complexes. The MTT assay was utilized to assess the cytotoxicity of all the compounds against two human cancer cell lines: HeLa and MCF-7. The compounds along with ligand have been screened for antifungal activity against fungal species Candida albicans and it is found that all Complexes are more potent than free ligand.

Ring buckling and C=N isomerization pathways for efficient photoprotection in two nature-inspired UVA sunscreens revealed through ultrafast dynamics and high-level calculations.

Sunscreens provide a frontline defense for our DNA against the damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The active ingredients in topically applied sunscreens that provide this defense are UV filters, which preferentially absorb or reflect UV radiation before it penetrates the skin and interacts with photosensitive nucleic acids. However, there are concerns related to human and environmental toxicity of current UV filters, and consequently a shift toward nature-inspired, particularly microbial, UV filters. In this paper, new physical insight is provided into the fundamental mechanisms of photoprotection in two synthetic analogs of mycosporine-like amino acid-type UV filters, demonstrating new methods of protection that are distinct from those of current commercial sunscreens, extending previous work in this area. Transient absorption measurements (both transient electronic absorption spectroscopy and transient vibrational absorption spectroscopy) are combined with steady-state studies and high-level computational results to aid our mapping of the experimentally derived lifetimes to real-time photodynamic processes. The conclusions reached here pave the way toward developing new and more efficient biomimetic DNA photoprotectant materials.

Enhanced Understanding of Structure-Function Relationships for Oxomanganese(IV) Complexes.

A series of manganese(II) and oxomanganese(IV) complexes supported by neutral, pentadentate ligands with varied equatorial ligand-field strength (N3pyQ, N2py2I, and N4pyMe2) were synthesized and then characterized using structural and spectroscopic methods. On the basis of electronic absorption spectroscopy, the [MnIV(O)(N4pyMe2)]2+ complex has the weakest equatorial ligand field among a set of similar MnIV-oxo species. In contrast, [MnIV(O)(N2py2I)]2+ shows the strongest equatorial ligand-field strength for this same series. We examined the influence of these changes in electronic structure on the reactivity of the oxomanganese(IV) complexes using hydrocarbons and thioanisole as substrates. The [MnIV(O)(N3pyQ)]2+ complex, which contains one quinoline and three pyridine donors in the equatorial plane, ranks among the fastest MnIV-oxo complexes in C-H bond and thioanisole oxidation. While a weak equatorial ligand field has been associated with high reactivity, the [MnIV(O)(N4pyMe2)]2+ complex is only a modest oxidant. Buried volume plots suggest that steric factors dampen the reactivity of this complex. Trends in reactivity were examined using density functional theory (DFT)-computed bond dissociation free energies (BDFEs) of the MnIIIO-H and MnIV ═ O bonds. We observe an excellent correlation between MnIV═O BDFEs and rates of thioanisole oxidation, but more scatter is observed between hydrocarbon oxidation rates and the MnIIIO-H BDFEs.

Fullerene-indene adducts (ICMA & ICBA) in an astrochemical perspective part 1: chemical thermodynamics, stability and electronic absorption spectroscopy

Both C60 fullerene and indene were detected in certain astrophysical objects. It is then possible that these two molecules may react together in space forming adducts like indene-C60 mono-adduct (ICMA) as well as the indene-C60 bis-adducts (ICBA). In view of the potential detection of such adducts in space, the chemical thermodynamics of the reaction between C60 and indene was analyzed using the thermochemical group increment approach. ICMA and ICBA were synthesized and their composition and stability was studied with thermogravimetric analysis and derivative thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG). ICBA and moreover ICMA resulted stable and strong adducts. In particular, the latter is stable up to 350 °C and this fact increases the chances to find it in space. Furthermore, the retro Diels-Alder reaction was accurately studied on ICMA with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and an unusually high activation energy for the decomposition was determined and explained with the chemical thermodynamic data. The electronic absorption spectra of ICMA and ICBA were studied in n-hexane and the molar extinction coefficients of the main absorption bands have been determined. A possible way to detect such adducts is through electronic absorption spectroscopy, while the infrared spectroscopy of ICMA and ICBA is analyzed and discussed in the following second part of this work.

DNA as a template for synthesis of fluorescent gold nanoclusters

Water-soluble blue-emitting gold nanoclusters have been synthesized using dsDNA as a template without any additional reducing agent. The features of the formed nanoclusters have been revealed by fluorescence and electronic absorption spectroscopy as well as transmission electron microscopy. The prepared gold nanoclusters have been highly stable at physiological pH without any further modification.

Spectroscopic and electrochemical investigation of mixed – ligand transition metal complexes with 2N-salicylidine-5-(p-nitrophenyl)-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole and 5, 5’-Me2bipy in aqueous medium

Herein we reported the spectroscopic and electrochemical investigation of four transition metal complexes viz. VO(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) of 2N-salicylidine-5-(p-nitrophenyl)-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole Schiff base ligand (L) and 5,5’-dimethyl-2,2’-bipyridine (Me2bipy) in the aqueous (1: 1: 1 molar ratio) medium. Transition metal complexes were characterized by microanalysis, FT-IR, electronic absorption and mass spectroscopy. Electrochemistry of transition metal complexes was studied in aqueous medium by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) at glassy carbon working electrode (GCE) versus Ag/AgCl. The reduction potential of the VO (II) and Cu (II) becomes more negative with increasing scan rate while Co (II) and Ni (II) positive show easier reduction.

Synthesis of a new C60 cyanofullerene derivative

Through a nucleophilic substitution reaction made on C60Br24 a new cyanofullerene derivative has been synthesized. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) has led to the following stoichiometry for the new compound: [C60(CN)7]–[Bu4N]+ which was further confirmed both with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and the electronic absorption spectroscopy. The thermal stability of [C60(CN)7]–[Bu4N]+ was studied very carefully by TGA-DTG, by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and by TGA-FTIR in comparison to the behavior of the reagents C60Br24 and tetrabutylammonium cyanide.

Polymeric carbon nitride-based photocathodes for visible light-driven selective reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide

Polymeric carbon nitrides (PCN) are sustainable, tunable, non-toxic and chemically stable materials that represent highly promising heterogeneous photocatalysts for light-driven hydrogen peroxide production via selective reduction of dioxygen. However, most of the studies on photocatalytic H2O2 production using PCN-based photocatalysts reported so far have used PCN powder suspensions and have been carried out in the presence of additional (sacrificial) electron donors, such as aliphatic or aromatic alcohols. Herein, we report the first multicomponent hybrid photocathode based on PCN that is capable of selective reduction of dioxygen to H2O2 under visible light irradiation (420 nm LED). A comparative analysis of various photocathode architectures is carried out using electronic absorption spectroscopy, surface photovoltage spectroscopy, open-circuit photopotential spectroscopy, and photocurrent measurements, including in-situ detection of formed H2O2 using microelectrodes. Notably, the ability of PCN-based photocathodes to catalyze the light-driven reduction of O2 to H2O2 in the absence of any additional electron donor is unambiguously demonstrated. Our study thus highlights the intrinsic nature of the photocatalytic activity of PCN in H2O2 production, and paves the way for the development of further PCN-based photocathodes in which PCN could be coupled with more effective light absorbers to increase the overall performance.

Synthesis of highly stable silver nanoparticles as computed tomography contrast agents

In this work, highly stable Ag nanoparticles solution was synthesized using TBAB to reduce Ag+ in the presence of OLA in organic solvents at room temperature, and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as a phase transfer ligand in organic solvents. The effects of different solvents on the morphology and properties of the Ag nanomaterials were investigated in detail. The products were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and absorption spectroscopy. Structural analysis demonstrated that the Ag nanomaterials showed good crystallinity. We have successfully synthesized Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with small particle size (6.1 - 7.3 nm), high uniformity in organic solvents at room temperature. The Ag NPs obtained after phase transformation with PAA are well dispersed, endurance and stability in aqueous solvents. The obtained in-vitro CT imaging results have good X-ray absorption value. These findings suggest the potential application of PAA-coated Ag nanoparticles in the biomedical field, especially in imaging diagnostics using CT computed tomography.

Solvatochromic, Halochromic and Thermochromic Effects of Copper(II) Complexes Containing N-tert-butyl 2-Picolylamine, and Halide Ion; a Computational Study

The dihalido N-tert-butyl 2-picolylamine copper(II) complexes, [CuLX2], where X= Cl, Br were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, UV–Vis, FT-IR, and EPR spectra, and molar conductance measurements as well as TG and DTA. The crystal structures of the complexes were identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and the density functional theory (DFT) level calculations that reveal both complexes adopt distorted square-planar geometries. The complexes are thermochromic, solvatochromic, and halochromic. The chromotropism properties were investigated using visible electronic absorption spectroscopy. Their solvatochromism properties were investigated in solvents with different polarities and it was found that the observed solvatochromism originates from structural changes of the complexes in different solvents. The aqueous solutions of the complexes exhibit color changes in the pH range of 2.68 to 9.84due to protonation ad deprotonation of ligand. The compounds are also thermochromic and show reversible color changes in different temperatures in high boiling point solvents. Both compounds showed the same identity in an aqueous solution due to the substitution of the water molecules with the halide ligands. These spectroscopic changes were supported by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations.

Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of fluorescent 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy coumarin for biomedical and latent fingerprint applications

The fluorescent 3-acetyl-4‑hydroxy coumarin (AcHyC) development for DNA binding affinity and latent fingerprint detection under UV illumination has not yet been adequately researched. In this sense, this work presents the fabrication and characterization of AcHyC for DNA binding and latent fingerprint applications. Based on electronic absorption spectroscopy, AcHyC was bound to DNA with a significantly high binding constant (2.9 × 106M−1). The interaction of AcHyC with DNA has also been examined using molecular docking analysis, which supports earlier spectroscopic data. The photoluminescence emission and the lifetime of AcHyC were measured. AcHyC exhibited intensive yellowish-green luminescence with spectacular visual emission under unharmful UVA and UVB excitation. Based on the highly luminescent character of AcHyC, latent print details, including their characteristic three levels, have been identified from various forensic substrates (non-porous, semi-porous, and porous).

Cover Feature: PdCl(NO) – an iconic compound with corrugated Pd4Cl4 octagons built up by Pd2Cl2(NO)2 moieties (Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 6‐7/2023)

The cover picture presents a structural motif of a distorted Pd2Cl2 square in solid PdCl(NO). This iconic compound was firstly synthesized during outstanding research in the late 1950s in Munich, which led to the development of the Wacker process for the conversion of ethene into acetaldehyde by catalysis with PdCl2. More than sixty years after its synthesis, crystals of PdCl(NO) were prepared for the first time and the structure determined by X-ray diffraction. In the monoclinic structure distorted Pd4Cl4 octagons in chair arrangement are interconnected to corrugated layers, forming a two-dimensional polymer insoluble in common solvents. In this compound each Pd atom is connected to a N-O group, bonded alternatively up and down with a Pd-N-O angle of 129°. The bonding situation in PdCl(NO) was investigated by vibrational, electronic and X-ray absorption (XAS) spectroscopies. The XAS measurement at the KIT synchrotron facility uncovers that the charge located at the Pd atom in PdCl(NO) is comparable to that in PdCl2 or PdO (DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200337).

Solvation and Electrochemical Properties of Cobalt Tetrasulfophthalocyaninate in Water−N,N-Dimethylformamide Mixtures

The effect of the composition and properties of the mixed water–N,N-dimethylformamide solvent (χDMF = 0.0–1.0 mole fraction) on changes in the solvated state of cobalt 3(4),10(11),17(18),24(25)-tetrasulfophthalocyaninate (CoTSPc) was studied. The region of electrochemical stability of the CoTSPc–DMF electrolyte system at 25.0°C was determined. The study was performed by the interphase distribution method, electronic absorption spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry.

Revealing substrate-induced structural changes in active site of human CYP51 in the presence of its physiological substrates

The human sterol 14α-demethylases (CYP51, CYP is an abbreviation for cytochrome P450) catalyze three-step oxidative removal of 14α-methyl group of lanosterol by first forming an alcohol, then an aldehyde, and finally conducting a CC bond cleavage reaction. This present study utilizes a combination of Resonance Raman spectroscopy and Nanodisc technology to probe the active site structure of CYP51 in the presence of its hydroxylase and lyase substrates. Ligand-binding induced partial low-to-high-spin conversion is observed by applying electronic absorption spectroscopy and Resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy. This low degree of spin conversion of CYP51 is contributed by the retention of the water ligand coordinated to the heme iron as well as direct interaction between the hydroxyl group of lyase substrate and the iron center. No significant changes in active site structure are found between detergent-stabilized CYP51 and nanodisc-incorporated CYP51, nevertheless, it is demonstrated that nanodisc-incorporated assemblies provide much more well-defined active site RR spectroscopic responses, which induces a larger conversion from low-to-high-spin state in presence of the substrates. Moreover, a positive polar environment around the exogenous diatomic ligand is detected, providing insight into the mechanism of this essential CC bond cleavage reaction.

Poly(lactic acid)/β-cyclodextrin based nanoparticles bearing ruthenium(II)-arene naproxen complex: preparation and characterisation. Analytical validation for metal determination by microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry

The objectives of this work are to develop nanocarrier systems for the Ru(II)-p-cymene naproxen antitumor metallodrug, [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(npx)Cl] or Rupcy, based on polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) composed by the biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and the hydrophilic polymerised β-cyclodextrin (PolyCD); to validate an analytical method for determination of Ru incorporated into the metallodrug loaded-NPs. The PolyCD was prepared by single step condensation and polymerisation reaction and incorporated as a polymer blend during the fabrication of PLA/PolyCD blends NPs and also as a core/shell structure built by adsorption of the PolyCD onto the surface of PLA NPs to give PLA(core)/PolyCD(shell) NPs. Three different loaded-systems incorporating the metallodrug (Rupcy-PLA NPs (1), Rupcy-PLA/PolyCD blends (2), and Rupcy-PLA(core)/PolyCD(shell) NPs (3)) were prepared by nanoprecipitation. The characterisation was performed by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight, Fourier-Transform Infra-red and UV-VIS Electronic Absorption Spectroscopies, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Dynamic Light Scattering, and Electrophoretic Light Scattering. Ru was determined by Microwave Induced Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (MIP-OES) with validation of the method. The metallodrug entrapment efficiency was around 90% (w/w) and drug loading was at 3–4% (w/w). The characterised metallodrug-loaded systems exhibited monomodal size distributions and appropriate hydrodynamic diameters [218.3 ± 13.5 (1), 205.4 ± 14.4 (2), 231.5 ± 22.0 (3) nm] and zeta potential values [−31.5 ± 2.2 (1), −26.1 ± 4.5 (2), −28.8 ± 6.1 (3) mV]. The validation of the MIP-OES method by evaluating selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and limits of detection and quantification succeeded. The NPs parameters are compatible with colloidally stable systems. The MIP-OES method showed to be simple, reliable, and feasible to quantify indirectly the amount of the metallodrug-loaded into the PLA NPs.

Synthesis and Self-Assembly of β-Octa[(4-Diethoxyphosphoryl)phenyl]porphyrins.

The β-substituted porphyrinoids commonly used to form functional assembled systems in nature yet are still scarcely used in material chemistry probably due to the laborious synthesis of these compounds. In this work, β-octa[(4-diethoxyphosphoryl)phenyl]porphyrin (2HOPPP) and its metal (Zn(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Ni(II)) complexes were prepared in good yields. These highly soluble chromophores were characterized in solution using spectroscopic (NMR, UV-vis, fluorescence), electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical methods. Attachment of the electron-deficient residue (ArP(O)(OEt)2) to the porphyrin macrocycle leads to easier reductions and harder oxidations of the macrocycle for all complexes studied as compared to corresponding meso-tetra[4-(diethoxyphosphoryl)phenyl]porphyrin derivatives reported previously. We demonstrated that the strong electron-deficient character of the MOPPP porphyrins results principally from the increase in the number of electron-withdrawing groups at the periphery of the tetrapyrrolic macrocycle. Electron-deficient porphyrins are highly required in supramolecular and material chemistry in part due to their ability to form supramolecular assemblies via the coordination of axial ligands to the central metal atom. According to single-crystal X-ray data, ZnOPPP forms in the crystalline phase dimers in which each of the two tetrapyrrolic macrocycles is connected through an unusual combination of hydrogen bonding of two phosphoryl groups and the water molecules axially coordinated to the zinc atom of the partner molecule. The involvement of water molecules in porphyrin binding allows for an increase of distance between two porphyrin mean N4 planes, up to 4.478 Å. The offset of phosphoryl groups attached to the macrocycle through a 1,4-phenylene spacer withdraws the whole porphyrin macrocycle of one molecule from spatial overlap with the macrocycle of a partner molecule and increases the Zn-Zn distance up to 10.372 Å. This still unknown type of porphyrin dimers allows one to get deeper insights into the organization of naturally occurring tetrapyrrolic macrocycles. ZnOPPP also forms a labile dimeric complex in 5.3 × 10-7-5.8 × 10-5 M chloroform solutions. In contrast, other complexes prepared in this work exist as monomeric species under these experimental conditions. The self-association constant of ZnOPPP has been determined by electronic absorption spectroscopy.

Structural Study of Paraffin-Stabilized Methylammonium Lead Bromide Magic-Sized Clusters

Metal halide perovskites, such as methylammonium lead bromide, have recently attracted considerable attention due to their interesting and useful photoelectric properties. Here, two types of methylammonium lead bromide magic-sized clusters (MSCs), passivated with oleylamine and oleic acid, were synthesized using ligand-assisted reprecipitation (LARP) and heated LARP (HLARP) methods. The optical properties of these MSCs were characterized using UV–vis electronic absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies. The HLARP synthesis resulted in a two-fold increase in the PL quantum yield of the MSCs to 76%. The stability of the MSCs was tested using time-dependent PL spectroscopy. LARP MSCs in solution degraded completely after 14 days under ambient conditions, while HLARP MSCs lasted for 26 days. To stabilize them, the MSCs were added to a non-coordinating matrix, paraffin. Both MSCs showed significantly improved resistance to water with the addition of paraffin. Solid LARP MSCs lost all luminescence with and without the addition of paraffin by about 3 h. Solid HLARP MSCs without paraffin started to aggregate after 3 h, but paraffin stabilized HLARP MSC films were stable for 8 days. This improved stability in solid state form allowed for accurate, nonaggregated analysis using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Raman spectroscopy revealed that the HLARP MSCs show an additional peak at 147 cm–1 compared to LARP MSCs, which is attributed to methylammonium. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirm that MSCs have a quasi-crystalline orthorhombic structure.