Electron Microscopy Of Vascular Corrosion Research Articles

The Vascularization of the Anuran Brain Rhombencephalon and Medulla spinalis: A scanning electron microscopical study of vascular corrosion casts

Albrecht, U., Lametschwandtner, A., Adam, H. 1980. The vascularization of the anuran brain. Rhombencephalon and medulla spinalis. A scanning electron microscopical study of vascular corrosion casts. (Department of Zoology, University of Salzburg, Austria.) — Acta zool. (Stockh.) 61 (4): 239–246. The vascularization of the rhombencephalon and the medulla spinalis of Bufo bufo (L.) is demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts. The arterial supply of the rhombencephalon is performed by central arteries. The same is shown in the medulla spinalis. The venous pathways are represented by venae craniales occipitales and by a posterior and bulbar group of the encephaloposthypophysial portal vein, by veins draining into the venae craniales occipitales, by venae spinales ventrales (for the rostral regions of the medulla) and by venae spinales laterales (in the caudal medulla). In the regions examined so far a centrifugal course of the arterial vessels is reported.

Functional aspects of the morphology and vascular anatomy of the gills of the endeavour dogfish,Centrophoms scalpratus (McCulloch) (Elasmobranchii:Squalidae)

The morphology and vascular anatomy of the gills of the Endeavour dogfish,Centrophorus scalpratus, were studied by light microscopic examination of Microfil vascular casts and scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts and critical point dried tissue. The anatomy of the respiratory vasculature was similar to that described for other elasmobranchs. How-ever, it was noted that approximately one-fifth of the total respiratory exchange area lay within a ventilatory deadspace, thus providing a potential respiratory by-pass shunt pathway. An extensive non-respiratory vascular bed was also present in the gills. In each gill filament there was a series of non-respiratory capillaries arising both from the afferent and efferent sides of the gill circulation (filament corpus cavernosum and efferent filament artery respectively). These capillaries eventually connected to a system of broadly interconnected sinuses in the filament termed the central canal and the afferent and efferent companion vessels. These sinuses connected with a large subepithelial sinus in the gill arch and a pair of large sinuses in the interbranchial septum. It is suggested that the non-respiratory capillaries serve a nutritive function, while the filament, septal and arch sinuses provide a venous and/or lymphatic drainage for the gills. The non-respiratory vascular bed of the gills would not function as a respiratory by-pass shunt pathway.

The Vascularization of the Anuran Brain: The Mesencephalon

The angioarchitecture of the toad's mesencephalon is studied by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts. The arterial supply is performed by the superior mesencephalic artery and by an artery arising from the ramus posterior of the arteria carotis cerebralis just in front of the retroin-fundibular communicating artery. The venous drainage is exerted by the vena diencephalica, the vena lateralis mesencephalis and by anterior and posterior branches of the encephaloposthypophysial portal vein. Characteristics of the mesencephalic angioarchitecture are the centrifugal direction of the blood flow, the intensive capillarization, and the formation of vascular meshworks in the region of the stratum griseum periventriculare tecti and of the stratum griseum superficiale tecti.

The Vascularization of the Anuran Brain

AbstractThe angioarchitecture of the cerebellum of the toad, Bufo bufo (L.) (Amphibia, Anura) was studied by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts. An arterial supply similar to that in the frog by small branches of the superior mesencephalic artery and by terminal branches of central arteries was found. The drainage was demonstrated via mesencephalon (rostro‐dorsal cerebellar regions), rhombencephalon and choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle (auricular areas) as well as via numerous branches of the lateral mesencephalic veins. These vessels leave from different levels of the cerebellum.By comparing corrosion casts with light microscopical sections a correlation between histological structures and vascular patterns was found. The dominating transverse course of the vessels of the Purkinje cell layer was pointed out. Some advantages and limitations of the method used were discussed. To solve the most deplorable disadvantage—the impossibility to receive information about the direction of blood flow—a speculative consideration was presented and opened to discussion.

The Vascularization of the Anuran Brain: The Choroid Plexus of the Fourth Ventricle

AbstractThe angioarchitecture of the choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle of the toad, Bufo bufo (L.) has been studied by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts. The results agree with the findings of Gaupp (1898) and show a wholly venous supply of the plexus. The drainage is exerted via venae choroideales rhombencephali. We discern three distinct but continuous zones. They are from dorsal to ventral a) the vascular reticulum within the tela choroidea, b) transverse orientated vascular nets within the ventricular folds (10–15) of the tela choroidea and c) vascular loops within the choroidal villi. — In the present paper we also discuss the method we used. Its advantages are powerful representation, striking information concerning the microvascular patterns and some hints to the statics caused by them, the possibility of tracing arteries through capillaries to veins over a long distance and the demonstration of vascular routes between important functional regions. Evasation, caused by to high injection pressures, no evidence for the direction of blood flow, no fully convincing surface patterns of the casts which clearly indicate arteries or veins (arterioles or venoles) and no reliable reflection of the physiological state of the animal are shortcomings, which demand a careful interpretation of the results.

Die Vaskularisation der Kiemen von Myxine glutinosa L. (Cyclostomata)

The angioarchitecture of the gills in Myxine glutinosa L. was studied by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts (methylmethacrylate). It was found that the afferent branchial artery may be connected to the sinus peribranchialis by a papilla. The sinus is connected to delicate vessels and sinuses, which are interposed between meridionally arranged radial arteries. These delicate vascular formations continue into the interior of the gill and form a plexus on both poles of the gill folds. Light and scanning electron microscopical studies on the vascular endothelium of the afferent vessels of the gill lamellae reveal rounded endothelial cells, which are characterized by a high content of granula, by long cellular processes and by bridge‐formations towards neighbouring cells. Supporting columns within the vascular system of the lamellae were found to be set up by several spirally arranged cells. SEM observations reveal goblet cells and numerous superficial epithelial cells with various numbers of microvilli and microridges forming the epithelial surface of the gill folds.

Renal vascular anatomy of the toad (Bufo marinus)

The renal vasculature of the toad, Bufo marinus, was studied mainly by means of scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts. All arterial branches terminated in a glomerulus. Each glomerulus was supplied by only one afferent arteriole. No shunts between afferent and efferent arterioles were observed. The glomerular channels appeared to be permanent capillaries. No evidence supporting the theory of freely shifting glomerular blood channels was found. Efferent arterioles radiated out towards the dorsal surface of the kidney where they connected with peritubular vessels. The renal portal veins produced an anastomosing plexus on the dorsal surface of the kidney, giving rise to the peritubular vessels. Peritubular vessels ran radially toward the ventral surface of the kidney, where they formed the roots of the renal veins. Attention is drawn to the possibility of hairpin countercurrent exchange between the capillary-like efferent arterioles and the peritubular vessels in the dorsal kidney.

The anatomy of the pulmonary vascular bed in the toad Bufo marinus.

1. The pulmonary vascular anatomy of the toad, Bufo marinus was studied by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts and of tissues prepared for light microscopy. 2. The lung is divided by septa into three orders of alveoli. Arterial branches run in the septa and cannot be observed directly through the lung surface. 3. The capillary bed forms a meshwork over the lumenal surface of septa and lung walls. It is divided into longitudinal zones of arterial distribution; it is broken along primary septal margins into primary alveolar units; within alveoli, it is functionally divided by distortion over circum-alveolar smooth muscle bundles. 4. The capillaries form a network of tubes rather than a perforated sheet of vascular space. Capillary beds on either face of septa are interconnected through the septum. 5. There is no evidence of collateral ("bronchial") vessels or of anatomically definable shunt vessels. 6. Intrinsic pulmonary arterial branches have a muscular coat.

Pulmonary artery occlusion. II. Morphologic studies.

ArticlePulmonary artery occlusion. II. Morphologic studies.G L Huber, and L H Edmunds JrG L Huber, and L H Edmunds JrPublished Online:01 May 1967https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1967.22.5.1002MoreSectionsPDF (4 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByAcute Lung Injury and Pulmonary Vascular Permeability: Use of Transgenic Models1 April 2011Temporarily Pulmonary Hilum Clamping as a Thoracic Damage-Control Procedure for Lung Trauma in SwineThe Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care, Vol. 68, No. 4Porcine traumatic lung injury model induced by hilum clampingInjury, Vol. 40, No. 9Animal models of acute lung injuryGustavo Matute-Bello, Charles W. Frevert, and Thomas R. Martin1 September 2008 | American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Vol. 295, No. 3Análise da remodelação vascular na isquemia pulmonar experimental, nas fases aguda e crônicaJornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, Vol. 31, No. 1Scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts and histologic examination of pulmonary microvasculature in dogs with dirofilariosisAmerican Journal of Veterinary Research, Vol. 63, No. 11VEGF, fetal liver kinase-1, and permeability increase during unilateral lung ischemiaArmina A. Kazi, Won S. Lee, Elizabeth Wagner, and Patrice M. Becker1 September 2000 | American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Vol. 279, No. 3Reperfusion lung injury after unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion25 December 2001 | Respirology, Vol. 5, No. 2Lung Mast Cells Increase in Number and Degranulate during Pulmonary Artery Occlusion/Reperfusion Injury in DogsAmerican Review of Respiratory Disease, Vol. 147, No. 2Die Bedeutung der Bronchialzirkulation bei pulmonaler HypertonieEffects of lobar pulmonary blood flow on the evolution of oleic acid lung injury in dogsJournal of Surgical Research, Vol. 41, No. 4Should the Lungs Be Ventilated during Cardiopulmonary Bypass? Clinical, Hemodynamic, and Metabolic Changes in Patients Undergoing Elective Coronary Artery SurgeryThe Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Vol. 37, No. 4PRIMARY EVENTS IN LUNG FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO TOXIC CHEMICALSExploitable Biochemical Approaches for the Evaluation of Toxic Lung DamagePulmonary SurfactantNew England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 284, No. 21Acyl transferase activities in dog lung microsomesJournal of Lipid Research, Vol. 12, No. 1Delayed Lung Lesions After Six Hours' Unilateral Pulmonary Artery Occlusion in Dogs12 July 2009 | Scandinavian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Vol. 4, No. 1Pulmonary Surfactants and Their Role in Lung DiseaseAdvances in Pediatrics, Vol. 16, No. 1The Lung as a Metabolic OrganNew England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 279, No. 24The Effect of Pulmonary Artery Occlusion on the Sulfomucopolysaccharide Synthesis and Collagen Content in Rat Lungs1 July 2014 | Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, Vol. 74, No. 1-2Microvascular occlusion by platelet emboli after transfusion and shockMicrovascular Research, Vol. 1, No. 1 More from this issue > Volume 22Issue 5May 1967Pages 1002-11 https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1967.22.5.1002PubMed6025736History Published online 1 May 1967 Published in print 1 May 1967 Metrics

Excretion in fresh-water turtle (Pseudemys scripta) and desert tortoise (Gopherus agassi)

Excretion in fresh-water turtle (<i>Pseudemys scripta</i>) and desert tortoise (<i>Gopherus agassi</i>)