Up until the present time cryosurgery has been a success in the medical practice as an independent treatment but also as a component to other treatments in the area of oncology. Tumours are not cut out but shock frozen. New scientific research on the freezing-application in the areas of biology and medicine, numerous theoretical and experimental studies in vitro and in vivo, indicate the effect mechanisms of low temperatures on the tissue as well as impairment and destruction of cells under the cryoinfluence. The aim of this multi-purposeful and several years’ theoretical, experimental and clinical study was both to produce the new high-efficiency universal cryosurgical technology and to evaluate the applicability of cryogenic and conventional surgery as well as laparoscopic cryosurgery in treating unresectable primary liver cancer and metastases, with respect to intraoperative tumour reduction, live quality and survival rate of cancer patients. The experimental investigations of the study carried out on 48 mongrel dogs was aimed at investigating the nature of the processes which take place in the liver parenchyma subjected to destruction with low-temperature regimes of various intensities, the degree of their early and late manifestations, the stages of injured area replacement, as well as the most damaging temperature parameters which could be used in treating liver neoplasms. For the first time, the effect of freeze–thawing processes with different temperature histories has been investigated on animal liver parenchyma – Cellular Structural Changes in Liver Tissue by the Exposure of Low Temperatures. Here the newest experimental study in the field of liver cryosurgery is presented. For the first time ever, this prospective, randomised study has been summarised as a 10-year follow-up clinical experience with cryosurgery for the treatment of 254 patients with a verified diagnosis of non-resectable primary or secondary liver tumours. The data of this clinical trial suggests that hepatic cryosurgery is effective in the treatment of non-resectable liver cancer. Our recent experience on 87 patients with documented primary liver cancer (n = 9) and with liver metastases (n = 78) suggests that laparoscopic hepatic cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen is a safe and efficacious means for palliation of malignant liver tumours. For the first time, the “Universal Cryosurgical Complex” is used on the basis of know-how (11 patents) as a universal cryosurgical system for different procedures and can guarantee optimal constant temperature from −170 °C until −190 °C as a necessary technical requirement for the modern cryosurgery and a new high-efficiency universal cryosurgical technology. The new cryosurgical automated system “Universal Cryosurgical Complex” (UCC) is constructed on the basis elements of know-how, which includes the design and manufacturing process of porous heating-exchangers, the technology of electron - vacuum welding for thin-wall components, the design of electromagnetic valves for cryogenic liquids, the procedures of clinical investigations of the system in different medical fields The documentation has been comprised as a study record, laboratory data, dark field microscopy, ultrasonography, abdominal computed tomography, intraoperative biopsy and a histological method as well photographic and video documentation. We have not confronted with any medical complications.