Electrochemical Properties Of Ionic Liquids Research Articles

Thermal and Electrochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids Bearing Allyl Group with Sulfonate-Based Anions-Application Potential in Epoxy Resin Curing Process.

Sulfonate-based ionic liquids (ILs) with allyl-containing cations have been previously obtained by us, however, the present study aims to investigate the thermal, electrochemical and curing properties of these ILs. To determine the temperature range in which ionic liquid maintains a liquid state, thermal properties must be examined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Melting, cold crystallization and glass transition temperatures are discussed, as well as decomposition temperatures for imidazolium- and pyridinium-based ionic liquids. The conductivity and electrochemical stability ranges were studied in order to investigate their potential applicability as electrolytes. Finally, the potential of triflate-based ILs as polymerization initiators for epoxy resins was proven.

Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Ionic-Liquid- and Ester-Based Cosolvent Mixtures with Lithium Salts

Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Ionic-Liquid- and Ester-Based Cosolvent Mixtures with Lithium Salts

Roadmap on Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Energy Storage Devices.

Ionic liquids are considered to be promising electrolyte solvents or additives for rechargeable batteries (i. e., lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, aluminum-ion batteries, etc.) and supercapacitors. This is related with the superior physical and electrochemical properties of ionic liquids, which can influence the performance of rechargeable batteries. Therefore, it is necessary to write a roadmap on ionic liquids for rechargeable batteries. In this roadmap, some progress, critical techniques, opportunities and challenges of ionic liquid electrolytes for various batteries and supercapacitors are pointed out. Especially, properties and roles of ionic liquids should be considered in energy storage. Ionic liquids can be used as electrolyte salts, electrolyte additives, and solvents. For optimizing ionic liquid-based electrolytes for energy storage, their applications in various energy storage devices should be considered by combing native chemical/physical properties and their roles. We expect that this roadmap will give a useful guidance in directing future research in ionic liquid electrolytes for rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors.

Preparation and electrochemical properties of ionic liquids for secondary batteries

Preparation and electrochemical properties of ionic liquids for secondary batteries

Effect of Mg(CF3SO3)2 concentration on structural and electrochemical properties of ionic liquid incorporated polymer electrolyte membranes

In the present study, a magnesium ion conducting polymer electrolyte membrane system based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) containing magnesium triflate Mg(CF3SO3)2 salt and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIM-BF4) ionic liquid is prepared using standard solution casting technique. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry studies reveal change in crystalline character with variation in Mg(CF3SO3)2 concentration within PEMs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique reflects ion-polymer interactions within the prepared polymer electrolyte system. Dielectric and modulus properties of prepared electrolyte membranes show significant changes in dielectric constant and relaxation behavior respectively on varying Mg(CF3SO3)2 concentration. The optimized polymer electrolyte membrane with 6 wt% of magnesium triflate salt shows maximum ionic conductivity of ~ 9.4 × 10−5 S cm−1 at room temperature. The ionic conductivity variation with temperature shows Arrhenius behavior for PEMs. The Mg2+ conduction within the PEMs is established using CV study and electrochemical stability window of ~ 4.0 V is determined using linear sweep voltammetry. The PEMs are dominantly ionic conducting with Mg2+ transport number ~ 0.22 for the optimized PEM.

Effects of Ionic Liquid Alkyl Chain Length on Denaturation of Myoglobin by Anionic, Cationic, and Zwitterionic Detergents

The unique electrochemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) have motivated their use as solvents for organic synthesis and green energy applications. More recently, their potential in pharmaceutical chemistry has prompted investigation into their effects on biomolecules. There is evidence that some ILs can destabilize proteins via a detergent-like manner; however, the mechanism still remains unknown. Our hypothesis is that if ILs are denaturing proteins via a detergent-like mechanism, detergent-mediated protein unfolding should be enhanced in the presence of ILs. The properties of myoglobin was examined in the presence of a zwitterionic (N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecylglycine betaine (Empigen BB®, EBB)), cationic (tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB)), and anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)) detergent as well as ILs based on alkylated imidazolium chlorides. Protein structure was measured through a combination of absorbance, fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy: absorbance and CD were used to monitor heme complexation to myoglobin, and tryptophan fluorescence quenching was used as an indicator for heme dissociation. Notably, the detergents tested did not fully denature the protein but instead resulted in loss of the heme group. At low IL concentrations, heme dissociation remained a traditional, cooperative process; at high concentrations, ILs with increased detergent-like character exhibited a more complex pattern, which is most likely attributable to micellization of the ionic liquids or direct denaturation or heme dissociation induced by the ILs. These trends were consistent across all species of detergents. 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) fluorescence was further used to characterize micelle formation in aqueous solutions containing detergent and ionic liquid. The dissociation thermodynamics show that EBB- and TTAB-induced dissociation of heme is not significantly impacted by room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), whereas SDS-induced dissociation is more dramatically impacted by all RTILs examined. Together, these results indicate a complex interaction of detergents, likely based on headgroup charge, and the active component of RTILs to influence heme dissociation and potentially protein denaturation.

Influence of fluoride and/or bovine albumin and some common beverages on electrochemical properties of ionic liquid coated Zirconium for enhancing dental implantology performance

Myriads of materials have been used for dental replacement. The success of these materials relies on the ability to accommodate with the host oral cavity which provides an ideal and unique environment for study of biological processes involving metallic dental aids. Indeed, the essential acids and sugars in beverages have both acidogenic and cariogenic potential, resulting in dental corrosion. In this regard, a new approach for corrosion protection of Zirconium surface coated with 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([Bmim]Cl) IL was investigated in artificial saliva containing fluoride and/or albumin, and some corrosive beverages. The morphology and composition of the ([Bmim]Cl) IL produced coat was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectra were recorded and the equivalent electric circuits were developed. The tafel slopes were noted from the linear polarization, and the corrosion parameters were calculated for bare and coated Zirconium. All results sustained the corrosion resistance enhancement for coated Zr, which ascribed to the beneficial effect of the adherent passive film caused by the thermal breakdown of IL molecules and the consequent adsorption of the Imidazolium molecule by planar configuration on Zr surface. Furthermore, computational chemistry modeling was used to understand the adsorption and corrosion inhibition performance for the IL on metal surface interface, and the results come in strong agreement with the experimental study.

Theoretical Aspects of Ionic Liquids for Soft‐Matter Sciences

AbstractThe thermodynamic and electrochemical properties of ionic liquids produce a broad spectrum of unconventional phenomena both microscopically and macroscopically. However, despite numerous theoretical and experimental studies, the fundamental roles of the relevant interactions such as electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding often remain unclear at the molecular level. The complexity of the molecular interactions typically increases when ionic liquids dissolve polymers or polar substances such as water. Accordingly, recent studies have revealed new features of ionic liquids. Further insights into the role of the molecular polarity of ionic liquids are required. This article presents an overview of the important phenomena of ionic liquids concerning soft‐matter sciences based on selected experimental and theoretical studies. We focus on the effect of the dielectric response of ionic liquids to distinguish ionic liquids from common inorganic salts, such as alkali metal halides.

Effect of organic solvent addition on electrochemical properties of ionic liquid based Na+ conducting gel electrolytes

A novel sodium ion conducting gel polymer electrolyte comprising room temperature ionic liquid, 1-ethyl 3-methyl imidazolium trifluoro-methane sulfonate (EMITf) incorporated with ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate and its solution with sodium trifluoromethane sulfonate (NaTf) entrapped in poly(vinylidinefluoride-co-hexfluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) is prepared using solution cast technique. The gel electrolyte is obtained in the form of free-standing transparent film. The gel electrolyte offers electrical conductivity of ∼10−3Scm−1 at ∼30°C with good mechanical, thermal and electrochemical stability window. The electrical conductivity is measured as a function of temperature and found to be consistent with Vogel-Tamman-Fulcher (VTF) relationship in the temperature range from 30°C to 75°C.Sodium ion conduction in the gel electrolyte film is confirmed from cyclic voltammetry and transport number measurements. The value of the sodium ion transport number of the ionic liquid based gel electrolyte is ∼0.19. The sodium sulfur battery with the gel electrolytes delivers the first discharge capacity of 267mAhg−1 sulfur and then it decreases with repeated charge–discharge cycles.

Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids Based on Quaternary Phosphonium Cations and Carboxylate Anions as Electrolytes

A new group of ionic liquids based on tetraethylphosphonium and tetrabutylphosphonium cations together with several carboxylate anions is proposed and presented in this report. In obtained ionic liquids, tetrabutylphosphonium formate and tetrabutyl-phosphonium lactate became room temperature ionic liquids. It was found that the phosphonium ionic liquids showed the typical VTF-type convex curve behaviors. The phosphonium ionic liquids also had a high cathodic stability similar to those of the TFSA- and FSA-anion based phosphonium ionic liquids. On the other hand, relatively low anodic potential window was observed. The thermal stability of the phosphonium ionic liquids showed higher thermal stabilities than those of the corresponding ammonium ionic liquids.

High-voltage ionic liquid electrolytes based on ether functionalized pyrrolidinium for electric double-layer capacitors

A series of ionic liquids containing imidazolium, pyrrolidinium, or ether-functionalized pyrrolidinium cations incorporated with the same counter anion of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI−) were synthesized to investigate the effects of the cation structures on the physical and electrochemical properties of ionic liquids. The introduction of the polar ether group was able to compensate for the loss of the mobility of pyrrolidinium cation-based ionic liquids, while maintaining the high thermal and electrochemical stability. Extensive examinations of these ionic liquids in electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) cells were performed to investigate their voltage stability under various operating conditions. Electrochemical evaluation revealed that the cell fabricated with ether-functionalized pyrrolidinium ionic liquid could deliver larger capacitance values and stable cycling performance compared with the cell containing imidazolium-based ionic liquid at high operating voltage; demonstrating its possible applications as high voltage electrolytes for EDLCs.

Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids Based on Quaternary Phosphonium Cations and Carboxylate Anions As Electrolytes

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been developed for a wide variety of electrochemical applications due to their unique physicochemical properties such as favorable solubility of organic and inorganic compounds, relatively high ionic conductivity, no measurable vapor pressure, high thermal stability, low flammability, etc. Another advantage of ILs is a designability of the ion structures. Although many kinds of ILs have been already investigated, phosphonium-based ILs have rarely been proposed. We have previously designed and synthesized the phosphonium ILs together with typical anion species such as bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (TFSA) and bis(fluorosulfornyl)amide (FSA) anions.1,2 On the other hand, interests in ILs consisting of carboxylic acid based anions have been increasing in recent years. In this work, we synthesize the ILs based on quaternary phosphonium cations (tetraethylphosphonium, P2222 +, and tetrabutylphosphonium, P4444 +) in combination with carboxylate anions such as formate (HCO2 -), acetate (MeCO2 -) and propionate (EtCO2 -), characterizing the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of the ILs as a new family of IL-based electrolyte.The preparation of the phosphonium ILs was carried out by neutralization reactions of the precursor phosphonium hydroxides with the carboxylic acids. The obtained ILs were dried under high vacuum for at least 10 h at 60◦C. We also prepared the corresponding ammonium salts by the same procedure for comparison. The physicochemical and electrochemical properties such as conductivity (ac impedance method), viscosity (a cone-plate type viscometer), density, melting point (DSC), thermal decomposition temperature (TGA) and electrochemical window (linear sweep voltammetry using a conventional three-electrode cell) were measured under dry argon atmosphere. Table 1 summarizes the physicochemical properties of the ILs obtained in this work. The almost compounds were low-melting white solids; however only P4444-HCO2 became a liquid at ambient temperature. The conductivity and viscosity of P4444-HCO2 depended on temperature, showing the Arrhenius-type convex curve behaviors. This means a typical electrolyte behavior generally observed in IL media. P4444-HCO2 showed the lowest viscosity and highest conductivity in the three P4444-based phosphonium salts, which might be attributed to the anion sizes of the three phosphonium salts. It should be noted that the thermal decomposition temperatures of the phosphonium salts were much higher than those of the corresponding ammonium salts, revealing the high thermal stability of the carboxylic anion based phosphonium ILs (Fig. 1). In the electrochemical measurements, it was found that P4444-HCO2 had a high cathodic stability similar to those of the TFSA- and FSA-anion based phosphonium ILs. On the other hand, relatively low anodic potential window up to 0.7 V vs. Ag/Ag+ was observed, which seems likely to be due to the anodic oxidation of formate anion.

(Invited) Electrochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids Containing Aprotic Heterocyclic Anions (AHA ILs) and Their Mixtures with Lithium Salts

Ionic liquids containing aprotic heterocyclic anions, such as pyrrolides, pyrazolides, imidazolides, triazolides and tetrazolides, were originally developed for CO2 capture applications since these anions can chemically react with CO2.1 Subsequently, we have been investigating the potential use of this class of “AHA” ILs for a variety of electrochemical applications. We have synthesized a series of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) based on 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ([emim]+) and tetra-alkylphosphonium ([P222n]+) cations with different aprotic heterocyclic anions (AHAs) and characterized them as potential electrolyte candidates.2,3 The density and transport properties of these ILs were measured over the temperature range between 283.15 K and 343.15 K at ambient pressure. The temperature dependence of the transport properties (viscosity, ionic conductivity, self-diffusion coefficient and molar conductivity) was fit well by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman (VFT) equation. The ionicity of these ILs was quantified by the ratio of the molar conductivity obtained from the ionic conductivity and molar concentration to that calculated from the self-diffusion coefficients using the Nernst-Einstein equation. Exceptionally high values of this molar conductivity ratio, even greater than 0.9, were reported. The results showed that many of the AHA ILs exhibit very good conductivity for their viscosities, and provided insight into the design of ILs with enhanced dynamics that may be suitable for electrolyte applications. Here we will explore how the addition of lithium AHA salts affects the transport properties of the IL/salt mixtures in order to evaluate the use of AHA ILs for lithium ion battery applications. In particular, we investigate the ionic conductivity and viscosity, as well as anion, cation and lithium diffusivity, as measured by Pulse-Gradient-Spin-Echo NMR spectroscopy. The focus of this investigation is imidazolium cations paired with pyrrolide and pyrazolide based anions. The pure lithium AHA salts, which exhibit some interesting properties themselves, are characterized by a variety of analytical (e.g., TGA, DSC) and spectroscopic (e.g., NMR) techniques. Finally, we explore the influence of additives on viscosity and ionic conductivity, and on anion, cation and lithium diffusivity. If ionic liquids could be used as battery solvents, they could greatly reduce the fire hazard presented by the currently used organic carbonate solvents. B. Gurkan, B. F. Goodrich, E. M. Mindrup, L. E. Ficke, M. Massel, S. Seo, T. P. Senftle, H. Wu, T. W. Rosch, M. F. Glaser, J. K. Shah, E. J. Maginn, J. F. Brennecke, and W. F. Schneider, “Molecular Design of High Capacity, Low Viscosity, Chemically Tunable Ionic Liquids for CO2 Capture,” J. Phys. Chem. Let., 1(24), 2010, 3494-3499.L. Sun, O. Morales-Collazo, H. Xia and J. F. Brennecke, “Effect of Structure on Transport Properties (Viscosity, Ionic Conductivity and Self-diffusion Coefficient) of Aprotic Heterocyclic Anion (AHA) RoomTemperature Ionic Liquids. 1. Variation of Anionic Species,” J. Phys. Chem. B, 2015, 119, 15030-15039.L. Sun, O. Morales-Collazo, H. Xia and J. F. Brennecke, “Effect of Structure on Transport Properties (Viscosity, Ionic Conductivity and Self-diffusion Coefficient) of Aprotic Heterocyclic Anion (AHA) Room Temperature Ionic Liquids. 2. Variation of Alkyl Chain Length in the Phosphonium Cation,” submitted to J. Phys. Chem. B, 2016.

(Invited) Electrochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids Containing Aprotic Heterocyclic Anions (AHA ILs) and Their Mixtures with Lithium Salts

We have previously studied a series of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) based on 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ([emim]+) and tetra-alkylphosphonium ([P222n]+) cations with different aprotic heterocyclic anions (AHAs). It has been found that many of the AHA ILs exhibit very good conductivity for their viscosities. The results provide insight into the design of ILs with enhanced dynamics that may be suitable for electrolyte applications (1, 2). Lithium salts based on the bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([TFSI]-), bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ([FSI]-) and tetrafluoroborate ([BF4]-) anions have been extensively studied in lithium salt/IL mixtures for such applications (3-18). Here we will further explore how the addition of lithium AHA salts, compared to the popular [TFSI]-, [FSI]- and [BF4]--based ones, affects the transport properties of the RTILs in order to evaluate the feasibility of using these AHA ILs for lithium-ion battery applications. In particular, we investigate the viscosity and ionic conductivity, as well as anion, cation and lithium diffusivity, as measured by Pulse-Gradient-Spin-Echo NMR spectroscopy.

Electrochemical synthesis of aromatic sulfur compounds in ionic liquids

Electrochemical properties of ionic liquids (pyridinium and imidazolium salts) and the effect of additives of organic solvents on the electrochemical determination of organic compounds in ionic liquids have been studied. Transformations of aromatic and aliphatic sulfur compounds in ionic liquids in the presence of aromatic substrates are discussed. A new method has been proposed for identification of organic sulfur compounds–gas chromatography on columns with ionic liquid as the active phase.

100 MeV Si9+ swift heavy ion irradiation induced enhancement in electrochemical properties of electrolyte membrane composites based on ionic liquid-polymer-nanocomposite

In the present study, 100MeV Si9+ swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation has been used as a tool to enhance the electrochemical properties of ionic liquid based polymer electrolyte nanocomposite membranes and their fluence dependant properties have been investigated. Polyaniline (PAni) nanofibers have been grown inside the interlayer galleries of montmorillonite (MMT) and used as hybrid nanofiller. With increasing fluence interlayer spacing of MMT increases leading to exfoliation of MMT platelets at the fluence of 5×1011ionscm−2 dispersing MMT layers and PAni nanofibers in the polymer matrix as confirmed from HRTEM and XRD studies. DSC results show that the degree of crystallinity decreases with increasing fluence. SEM micrographs reveal that with increasing fluence porosity increases. Contact angle measurements show that SHI irradiation turns the hydrophilic electrolyte membranes to hydrophobic at the fluence of 5×1011ionscm−2. Highest room temperature ionic conductivity of 8.4×10−2Scm−1 has been obtained for the polymer electrolyte nanocomposite membrane irradiated with the highest fluence of 1×1012ionscm−2. Scaling of ac conductivity demonstrates that ion concentration and ion diffusion length change with changing fluence. The nanocomposite electrolyte membranes irradiated with the fluence of 1×1012ionscm−2 are electrochemically stable up to 7.1V.

Optimizing the electrochemical performance of imidazolium‐based polymeric ionic liquids by varying tethering groups

ABSTRACTWe report the synthesis and characterization of a series of novel imidazolium cation and bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide anion (TFSI−)‐based ionic liquid (IL) model compounds and their corresponding polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) with various tethering groups. Ethylene oxide repeating units were attached as tethering groups to an imidazolium cation to optimize the glass transition temperatures (Tg) and ionic conductivities of the PILs. The novel PILs exhibit excellent conductivity values of around 8 × 10−4 S/cm at room temperature. The thermophysical and electrochemical properties of ILs, including thermal transition, ionic conductivity, and rheological behavior, were characterized to investigate the effect of tethering groups. We conclude that the length of poly(ethylene oxide) tethering group has a tremendous effect on both physical property and electrochemical behavior and that charge carrier density is dominant in defining ionic conductivity with free ILs, whereas ion mobility plays a more important role after polymerization. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 1339–1350

Density Functional Theory Based Study of the Electron Transfer Reaction at the Lithium Metal Anode in a Lithium–Air Battery with Ionic Liquid Electrolytes

Room temperature ionic liquids, which have unique properties such as a relatively wide electrochemical stability window and negligible vapor pressure, are promising candidates as electrolytes for developing lithium–air batteries with enhanced performance. The local current density, a crucial parameter in determining the performance of lithium–air batteries, is directly proportional to the rate constant of the electron transfer reaction at the surface of the anode that involves the oxidation of pure lithium metal into lithium ion (Li+). The electrochemical properties of ionic liquid based electrolytes, which can be molecularly tailored on the basis of the structure of their constituent cations and anions, play a crucial role in determining the reaction rate at the anode. In this paper, we present a novel approach, based on Marcus theory, to evaluate the effect of varying length of the alkyl side chain of model imidazolium based cations on the rates of electron transfer reaction at the anode. Density functi...

Engineering the electrochemical capacitive properties of graphene sheets in ionic-liquid electrolytes by correct selection of anions.

Graphene sheet (GS)-ionic liquid (IL) supercapacitors are receiving intense interest because their specific energy density far exceeds that of GS-aqueous electrolytes supercapacitors. The electrochemical properties of ILs mainly depend on their diverse ions, especially anions. Therefore, identifying suitable IL electrolytes for GSs is currently one of the most important tasks. The electrochemical behavior of GSs in a series of ILs composed of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation (EMIM(+)) with different anions is systematically studied. Combined with the formula derivation and building models, it is shown that the viscosity, ion size, and molecular weight of ILs affect the electrical conductivity of ILs, and thus, determine the electrochemical performances of GSs. Because the EMIM-dicyanamide IL has the lowest viscosity, ion size, and molecular weight, GSs in it exhibit the highest specific capacitance, smallest resistance, and best rate capability. In addition, because the tetrafluoroborate anion (BF4(-)) has the best electrochemical stability, the GS-[EMIM][BF4] supercapacitor has the widest potential window, and thus, displays the largest energy density. These results may provide valuable information for selecting appropriate ILs and designing high-performance GS-IL supercapacitors to meet different needs.

Systematic Characterization of Ionic Liquid Electrolyte Systems for Lithium Ion Batteries

Introduction Conventional lithium ion batteries are multi-component systems with the anode and cathode active materials determining the voltage and theoretical energy content. In addition, current electrolyte systems of lithium ion batteries comprise a lithium salt and a mixture of carbonate solvents which to date, have allowed for the use of cathodes with 4V operating windows. These electrolyte systems are relatively conductive at 5-10 mS/cm, and many of them form stable solid-electrolyte interphase layers to promote effective battery operation. However, carbonate-based electrolytes suffer from poor thermal stability and an upper limit of electrochemical stability of 4.5V vs. Li/Li+. Expansion of the voltage window is needed in order to allow use of higher voltage cathodes, above 4.5 V. Results and Discussion The study of ionic liquids for use in energy storage applications is a relatively recent occurrence; however, they are prospective candidates because of their potential for increased electrochemical stability and thermal safety. Many ionic liquids have been investigated in neat and mixed solutions to find an optimal balance of viscosity, conductivity, electrochemical stability, and thermal safety. Mixtures with carbonate based organic solvents have also proved promising for incrementally changing electrolyte systems toward more favorable performance using currently studied ionic liquids. In recent work physical and electrochemical properties of ionic liquids were systematically investigated.[1, 2] Cation type, anion type, and substituent chain length effects on conductivity, viscosity, electrochemical stability, and wettability as determined by cyclic voltammetry, impedance, and contact angle were explored. In addition, mixtures of ionic liquids with organic carbonate solvents similar to those used in conventional liquid electrolytes were prepared and similar characterization was completed. Further characterization via calorimetry and contact angle measurements can support the understanding of ionic liquid behavior and give insight into continued optimization of electrolyte systems using these materials.