Electrochemical Detection Of Hydrogen Peroxide Research Articles

3D gyroscopic copper-based metal-organic framework for high sensitivity detection of glucose and H2O2

In this work, gyroscopic Cu-BDC-NH2 are obtained by a simple one-step solvothermal method, which can be used for non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glucose. The gyroscopic morphology, abundant active sites and excellent biocompatibility of Cu-BDC-NH2 improve its excellent electrocatalytic property for detecting glucose and H2O2. The prepared Cu-BDC-NH2 modified electrode nanomaterials can realize the ultra-sensitive detection of glucose and H2O2 with sensitivity of 6121 and 1212 μA mM−1 cm−2, and detection limits of 1.2 and 1.5 µM, respectively. Meanwhile, Cu-BDC-NH2-modified electrodes exhibit excellent reproducibility, anti-interference and stability. Additionally, the sensor is effectively used to determine glucose and H2O2 in human serums. It suggests that it has a promising future for detecting glucose and hydrogen peroxide in real-world samples.

Co3O4 Nanostructured Sensor for Electrochemical Detection of H2O2 as a Stress Biomarker in Barley: Fe3O4 Nanoparticles-Mediated Enhancement of Salt Stress Tolerance.

This research investigates the enhancement of barley's resistance to salt stress by integrating nanoparticles and employing a nanostructured Co3O4 sensor for the electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a crucial indicator of oxidative stress. The novel sensor, featuring petal-shaped Co3O4 nanostructures, exhibits remarkable precision and sensitivity to H2O2 in buffer solution, showcasing notable efficacy in complex analytes like plant juice. The research establishes that the introduction of Fe3O4 nanoparticles significantly improves barley's ability to withstand salt stress, leading to a reduction in detected H2O2 concentrations, alongside positive impacts on morphological parameters and photosynthesis rates. The developed sensor promises to provide real-time monitoring of barley stress responses, providing valuable information on increasing tolerance to crop stressors.

Synergism of Holmium Orthovanadate/Phosphorus-Doped Carbon Nitride Nanocomposite: Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide.

Developing efficient and robust electrode materials for electrochemical sensors is critical for real-time analysis. In this paper, a hierarchical holmium vanadate/phosphorus-doped graphitic carbon nitride (HoVO4/P-CN) nanocomposite is synthesized and used as an electrode material for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The HoVO4/P-CN nanocomposite exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity at a peak potential of -0.412 V toward H2O2 reduction in alkaline electrolytes while compared with other reported electrocatalysts. The HoVO4/P-CN electrochemical platform operated under the optimized conditions shows excellent analytical performance for H2O2 detection with a linear concentration range of 0.009-77.4 μM, a high sensitivity of 0.72 μA μM-1 cm-2, and a low detection limit of 3.0 nΜ. Furthermore, the HoVO4/P-CN-modified electrode exhibits high selectivity, remarkable stability, good repeatability, and satisfactory reproducibility in detecting H2O2. Its superior performance can be attributed to a large specific surface area, high conductivity, more active surface sites, unique structure, and synergistic action of HoVO4 and P-CN to benefit enhanced electrochemical activity. The proposed HoVO4/P-CN electrochemical platform is effectively applied to ascertain the quantity of H2O2 in food and biological samples. This work outlines a promising and effectual strategy for the sensitive electrochemical detection of H2O2 in real-world samples.

Platinum and Palladium Nanoparticles on Boron-Doped Diamond for the Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide: A Comparison Study

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and traumatic brain injury currently lacks a reliable diagnosis and treatment. This is, in part, due to knowledge gaps in the understanding of the mechanisms of brain injury. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are typical byproducts of oxygen metabolism and part of the inflammatory response cascades. Any disruptions in the uptake of ROS/RNS over an extended period of time can lead to oxidative stress, further adding to the neurodegeneration. While there are several modes of detection for ROS/RNS like H2O2, one of the major drawbacks is the lack of real-time detection. Electrochemical techniques offer real-time detection, are cheap, and easy to miniaturize. Carbon-based electrodes are particularly useful in electrochemical detection due to their ability to be adapted to different measurement systems. For neurochemical detection, carbon-fiber microelectrodes are most common but tend to foul with long-term exposure in a biological environment. Novel materials like boron-doped diamond (BDD) can mitigate this issue due to its general robustness and chemical inertness while also exhibiting small capacitive current, enhanced surface roughness, and a large potential window. As with other carbon-based electrodes, BDD can be modified to increase sensitivity towards a specific analyte like H2O2. In this work, we performed a comprehensive study of BDD electrodes modified with platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) nanoparticles for the detection of H2O2. The modification involves a 2-step wet chemical synthesis procedure directly onto the electrode surface. We look to expand the modification process not only to novel electrode materials, but also to metals that have not been used for this purpose previously. We optimized the modification process to find the parameters that yielded the best electrode for H2O2 detection. Several factors were investigated including the double-layer capacitance, electroactive surface area, electron transfer properties, and sensitivity to H2O2, among others. It was found that the modification yielded a 308x increase in sensitivity and a 36x decrease in limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) on Pd modified BDD when compared to bare BDD. A 256x increase in sensitivity and a 26x decrease in LOD and LOQ were observed on Pt modified BDD compared to the bare BDD. We found that the BDD modified with 1 mM Pd and electrodeposited to a 5 mC charge yielded an electrode with excellent sensitivity to H2O2 and provided a LOD and LOQ well within biological concentrations. The H2O2 measurements also exhibited excellent repeatability as the relative standard deviation (%RSD) was below 10% for all modifications. The future of this work will consist of two separate steps: 1) miniaturization of these modification methods to the microelectrode scale and 2) implementation of new materials in the modification process for H2O2 detections. In general, not only does this work further exemplify the versatility of diamond electrodes for the detection of biological H2O2, but the ease of this modification process makes the use of these electrodes fairly easy in any application where H2O2 is present.

Ultrafast Electrochemical Self-Doping of Anodic Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes for Enhanced Electroanalytical and Photocatalytic Performance

This study explores an ultrarapid electrochemical self-doping procedure applied to anodic titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube arrays in an alkaline solution to boost their performance for electroanalytical and photocatalytic applications. The electrochemical self-doping process (i.e., the creation of surface Ti3+ states by applying a negative potential) is recently emerging as a simpler and cleaner way to improve the electronic properties of TiO2 compared to traditional chemical and high-temperature doping strategies. Here, self-doping was carried out through varying voltages and treatment times to identify the most performing materials without compromising their structural stability. Interestingly, cyclic voltammetry characterization revealed that undoped TiO2 shows negligible activity, whereas all self-doped materials demonstrate their suitability as electrode materials: an outstandingly short 10 s self-doping treatment leads to the highest electrochemical activity. The electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide was assessed as well, demonstrating a good sensitivity and a linear detection range of 3–200 µM. Additionally, the self-doped TiO2 nanotubes exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to the untreated substrate: the degradation potential of methylene blue under UV light exposure increased by 25% in comparison to undoped materials. Overall, this study highlights the potential of ultrafast electrochemical self-doping to unleash and improve TiO2 nanotubes performances for electroanalytical and photocatalytic applications.

Fabrication of Hydroxyl‐Group‐Rich Reduced Graphene Oxide Film and its Application for Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) can be obtained economically from graphite, and it has, therefore, been used for energy storage, conversion, and biosensor fabrication. To overcome the limitations associated with the poor electrical conductivity of GO, mild thermal reduction is widely used. However, owing to considerable variations in GO in terms of size and shape, uniform reduction of GO films is highly challenging. Herein, it reports a mildly reduced uniform graphene oxide thin film (mrUG) that is enriched with functional hydroxyl groups. This film is effective for electrochemical H2O2 decomposition and detection. A uniform graphene oxide thin film (UGTF) is first fabricated on an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate and subjected to mild thermal annealing at 300 °C. Remarkably, the variations in all important parameters, including film thickness, surface roughness, reduction level, are significantly low in the case of mrUG. Moreover, It is found that unlike GO, UGTF undergoes structural rearrangement easily and possesses many hydroxyl groups (─OH) when reduced for a specific duration (t = 10 s, mrUG(10)). mrUG(10) is highly stable and effectively decomposed H2O2, which is advantageous for the electrochemical detection of H2O2 with extremely low signal variations. Therefore, mrUG(10) can be used as a carbon‐based metal‐free electrocatalyst in biosensors, energy, and electronic applications.

Development of a new electrochemical sensor based on nafion/cobalt doped bismuth ferrite nanoparticle modified glassy carbon electrode for detection of hydrogen peroxide

In this study, a simple, ultrasensitive nafion/Co doped BFO/GCE sensor was developed for the electrochemical detection of Hydrogen Peroxide. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer– Emmett-Teller (BET) were used for morphological characterizations of the synthesized cobalt doped bismuth ferrite nanoparticles. The electrochemical behaviors of nafion/Co doped BFO/GCE were examined by cyclic voltammetry. In contrast to the unmodified glassy carbon electrode, nafion/Co doped BFO/GCE revealed distinct and undistorted peak, with much enhanced peak current showing electrocatalytic property of film that may be accounted for increased conductivity and surface area of the nafion/Co doped BFO. Under optimum conditions, amperometric current response of nafion /BFO/GCE showed linear dependence on concentration of H2O2 in the range 10 μM to 100 μM with a regression equation of I = 0.0446C + 5.6 (R2 = 0.9793) with LOD of 0.035. The obtained results demonstrated that the designed nafion/Co doped BFO could be applied for electrochemical sensors.

Platinum and palladium nanoparticles on boron-doped diamond for the electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide: a comparison study.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays a role in many facets - a household item, an important industrial chemical, a biomarker in vivo, and several others. For this reason, its measurement and quantification in a variety of media are important. While spectroscopic detection is primarily used for H2O2, electrochemical methods offer advantages in versatility, cost, and sensitivity. In this work, we investigate a 2-step surface metal nanoparticle (NP) modification for platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) on boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes for the detection of H2O2. Several parameters such as the metal salt concentration and electrodeposition charge in the 2-step modification were varied to find an optimum. Using cyclic voltammetry (CV), the BDD-PdNP electrode types were found to yield a sharper, more well-resolved H2O2 oxidation peak compared to the BDD-PtNP electrodes. Both metal NP electrode types significantly improved the response compared to the bare BDD electrode; a 150-200× improvement in sensitivity was observed across all modified electrode types. Calibration experiments were completed at both low and high concentration ranges in stagnant and flow-based solutions. The lowest limit of detection (LOD) obtained was 50 nM (5E-08 M) on a BDD-PdNP electrode modified with 1.0 mM PdCl2 to 5.0 mC in the wet chemical seeding and electrodeposition steps. 0.25 mM PdCl2 to 3.23 mC and 0.25 mM HPtCl6- to 3.23 mC also yielded a sufficient response for low-level H2O2, with LODs around 100 nM (1E-07 M). Overall, this work exemplifies the wide applicability of BDD and achieves sub-μM H2O2 LODs with a non-enzymatic electrode material.

Stable Chitosan and Prussian Blue-Coated Laser-Induced Graphene Skin Sensor for the Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide in Sweat

Stable Chitosan and Prussian Blue-Coated Laser-Induced Graphene Skin Sensor for the Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide in Sweat

Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose through Using Copper(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes with Tridentate Ligand – Platinum Nanoparticles – Graphene Oxide Composite

Two complex compounds [Cu(L)Cl2] (Cu-L) and [Pt(L)Cl]Cl (Pt-L) containing tridentate ligand (L = 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)−4-hydroxypyridine) were prepared. After the successful immobilization of Cu-L and Pt-L on graphene oxide (GO), the electrochemical deposition of Pt nanoparticles was carried out on the modified surface. The resulting electrodes were demonstrated to possess exceptional electrocatalytic features towards the detection of H2O2, and glucose as indicated by the improvement in the cathodic peak response and a favourable shift in the reduction potential of each two reagents. The sensing devices exhibited promising electrochemical performance for the non-enzymatic measurement of H2O2, ranging from 0.01 mmol l−1 to 5 mmol l−1, and a considerably low LOD of 0.063 μmol l−1 and 0.113 μmol l−1 for Cu-L and Pt-L modified-GO decorated with Pt nanoparticles, respectively. Both sensors also showed exceptional sensitivity in the detection of glucose, with LOD of 0.054 μmol l−1 and 0.065 μmol l−1 in the concentration range of 0.01 mmol l−1 to 2 mmol l−1. The fabricated sensors also demonstrated decent sensitivity, long-term durability, and minimal interference capability. They were also tested for their ability to identify H2O2 and glucose in the actual biological fluid, demonstrating their practical use in routine H2O2 and glucose detection.

Construction of carbon cloth modified-Al2O3-g-C3N4 sensor for non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide

Construction of carbon cloth modified-Al2O3-g-C3N4 sensor for non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide

L-tyrosine-assisted synthesis of nanosilver/titanium nitride with hollow microsphere structure for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide

L-tyrosine-assisted synthesis of nanosilver/titanium nitride with hollow microsphere structure for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide

Ru-W modified graphitic carbon nitride by a monomer complexation synthesis approach from a tailored polyoxometalate: towards electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide released by cells.

Detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from cell cultures is important for monitoring different diseases. Here, g-C3N4 (gCN) was incorporated into well-defined clusters of RuW (RuW-gCN) through monomer complexation of Ru-substituted phosphotungstate and melamine for electrochemical detection of H2O2. RuW-gCN exhibited enhanced electrochemical sensing properties in comparison to its constituents due to the synergic effects between RuW and gCN. The characterization of RuW-gCN revealed successful complexation to form the composite in addition to the presence of a layered structure of gCN. The electrochemical sensor made of RuW-gCN was able to detect H2O2 with a detection limit of 46 nM in the linear ranges from 100 nM to 50 μM and from 50 μM to 1 mM. The developed sensor was employed for the selective detection of H2O2 in the presence of analytes like ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine, and glucose in addition to being stable even after a week of storage at room temperature. It has also been verified for real sample application by detecting H2O2 produced by cancer cells as a result of an AA trigger.

Formation of MnO2-coated ITO electrodes with high catalytic activity for enzymatic glucose detection.

We present the formation of a cheap and environmentally friendly working electrode material for glucose biosensors with good catalytic properties. The classic electrode in such devices consists of a conductive material modified with the enzyme glucose oxidase. The working principle is the electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide as a product of the enzymatic transformation of glucose. As a base material, we offer manganese dioxide; it is a natural highly selective catalyst for the decomposition of H2O2 and is electrochemically deposited onto the surface of ITO. We approached the formation of MnO2 films systematically. By changing parameters such as the deposition method, pH of the electrolyte, and the drying temperature of the precipitate, a series of electrodes were formed. These electrodes were characterized by SEM, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and XPS and their electrocatalytic activity was studied. Significant differences in the sensitivity of the electrodes were detected. The manganese dioxide film with the best catalytic characteristics is formed in the electrolyte with pH 1 by cyclic voltammetry and then drying at 60 °C. The surface of the electrode was then modified with a solution of GOx enzyme with a concentration of 2 mg ml-1 (100-250 units per mg solid). The sensitivity of such an electrode is 117.8 μA mmol-1 cm-2. The range of determined concentrations of glucose is from 0.1 mM to 3 mM. The sensitivity is comparable to that of electrodes based on expensive materials such as graphene and noble metals.

Rapid preparation of Ag/CoO/rGO composites for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide

The preparation process of the Ag/CoO/rGO SPE was described, along with the material characterization and electrochemical performance using laser etching technology.

Electrochemical deposition of Prussian blue on Nb2CTx MXene modified carbon cloth for the non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide

The detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) holds significance in the food industry. In this work, carbon cloth (CC) was modified with a novel composite of Nb2CTx MXene and Prussian blue (PB) for the electrochemical detection of H2O2. Nb2CTx was drop casted on CC followed by the electrochemical deposition of PB using chronoamperometry at 0.7 V. It was found that uniform coverage of PB occurred on the underlying Nb2CTx surface. The electrochemical deposition time was optimized by varying the deposition times (240 s, 360 s, 480 s, and 600 s) and the material obtained after deposition for 480 s was found to produce better sensing characteristics towards the detection of H2O2. The Nb2CTx /PB480 modified CC was able to detect H2O2 linearly from 1 µM to 10 µM and from 10 µM to 100 µM with a limit of detection of 200 nM. The sensor was also able to showcase good selectivity to H2O2 even in the presence of interfering molecules like dopamine, ascorbic acid, uric acid, and sodium chloride. In addition, the material exhibited good storage stability, which was observed by the retention of 97 % of activity even after a storage time of 1 week. This material can be applied towards the sensing of H2O2 in milk since pH of the buffer used in the work matches the pH of the milk sample that was used.

Hierarchical NiMn Layered Double Hydroxide Nanostructures on Carbon Cloth for Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide

Hierarchical NiMn Layered Double Hydroxide Nanostructures on Carbon Cloth for Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide

Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide Based on Ag-Deposited Carbon Nanosphere Composites

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is closely related to our daily life and health, so it is urgent to accurately detect and analyze its content. Herein, a non-enzymatic H2O2 electrochemical sensor was successfully constructed based on electrodeposited silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on carbon nanospheres (CNs). Electrochemical characterization results showed that Ag NPs/CNs/GCE displayed good electrocatalytic performance for H2O2. The diffusion coefficient (D) and heterogeneous rate constant (k0) of hydrogen peroxide were calculated separately. In addition, the sensor had a wide linear range of 4.98 × 10−9 ∼ 7.29 × 10−3 M and a low detection limit of 1.66 × 10−9 M. It also presented excellent anti-interference properties in the presence of various substances. The content of hydrogen peroxide was further detected in real samples of makeup remover, milk and disinfectant with satisfactory recovery rates, confirming its application potential in routine detection.

Electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide using micro and nanoporous CeO2 catalysts

In this research work, focus has been made on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified commercial micro and synthesized nano-CeO2 for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Firstly, CeO2 nanoleaves were prepared by solvothermal route. Both commercially available micro CeO2 and synthesized nano-CeO2 structures were analyzed by different characterization techniques. The Raman spectra of synthesized nano CeO2 has more oxygen vacancies than micro CeO2. SEM images revealed that the synthesized CeO2 acquired leaf-like morphology. The catalyst nano CeO2 offered mesoporosity from nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms with massive sites of activation for increasing efficiency. Experiments on determining H2O2 using micro CeO2 or nano-CeO2/GCE was conducted using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry. Enhanced H2O2 reduction peak current with lower potential was observed in nano-CeO2/GCE. The influence of scan rate and H2O2 concentration on the performance of nano-CeO2/GCE were also studied. The obtained results have indicated that nano-CeO2/GCE showed improved electrochemical sensing behavior towards the reduction of H2O2 than micro-CeO2/GCE and bare GCE. A linear relationship was obtained over 0.001 μM–0.125 μM concentration of H2O2, with good sensitivity 141.96 μA μM−1 and low detection limit of 0.4 nM. Hence, the present nano-CeO2 system will have a great potential with solvothermal synthesis approach in the development of electrochemical sensors.

Metal-Organic Frameworks for Electrocatalytic Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide.

The electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has become more and more important in industrial production, daily life, biological process, green energy chemistry, and other fields (especially for the detection of low concentration of H2O2). Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising candidates to replace the established H2O2 sensors based on precious metals or enzymes. This review summarizes recent advances in MOF-based H2O2 electrochemical sensors, including conductive MOFs, MOFs with chemical modifications, MOFs-composites, and MOF derivatives. Finally, the challenges and prospects for the optimization and design of H2O2 electrochemical sensors with ultra-low detection limit and long-life are presented.