Electrochemical Alloying Research Articles

Effect of laser surface melting on superficial morphology and properties of the electrochemical polishing Ti6Al4V alloy

Effect of laser surface melting on superficial morphology and properties of the electrochemical polishing Ti6Al4V alloy

In-Situ X-ray Diffraction/Fluorescence Analysis of Dy–Cu Electrochemical Alloying and Dealloying in Molten LiCl–KCl–DyCl3

Recycling spent Nd magnets is essential for maintaining a stable supply of rare earth (RE) elements prompting the development of a one-step recycling process using molten salt and alloy diaphragms. In this study, to investigate the mechanism of rapid alloy formation, an in-situ X-ray diffraction/fluorescence analysis of Dy–Cu electrochemical alloying and dealloying in molten LiCl–KCl–DyCl3 was performed. During the electrolysis, a diffraction peak corresponding to Cu was observed. In addition, X-ray fluorescence peaks of Dy were observed throughout the process. The area of the Dy X-ray fluorescence peak increased as the alloying progressed but remained relatively constant during the dealloying process. Compared with Dy–Ni alloying/dealloying, the areas of the fluorescence peaks were smaller. The results suggest a slower alloy formation rate with Cu than with Ni. Cross-sectional images show that the alloy formation rate is lower for Cu, which can be attributed to a larger crystal mismatch between the substrate and alloyed layer.

On the mechanism and energetics of electrochemical alloy formation between mercury and platinum for mercury removal from aqueous solutions

Mercury pollution is an acute global concern threatening the health of humans and wildlife. Thus, there is a need for new and improved techniques to reduce emissions and remove toxic mercury from aqueous environments. Electrochemical alloy formation, specifically between mercury ions in aqueous solution and a platinum electrode, emerges as a promising solution. Through analysis of reaction mechanisms and energetics related to the formation and dissolution of the PtHg4 alloy, this study aims to deepen our understanding of the underlying processes of effective electrochemical mercury removal. Potentiodynamic measurements indicate rapid alloy formation at a clean platinum surface, proceeding with only trace amounts of metallic mercury on the surface. However, once the electrode surface has sufficient mercury coverage with an alloy thickness of around 1.5 nm, clear evidence of metallic mercury on the surface is observed. Furthermore, the amount of absorbed mercury on the cathode increases linearly in time. The onset potential for the alloy formation is experimentally determined using electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring to be approximately 0.64 V vs. SHE, and the alloy dissolution (oxidation) onset potential is found to be approximately 0.98 V vs. SHE, at a mercury ion concentration of 10 mg/L. Density functional theory calculations are used to provide a theoretical value for the reversible potential from a thermodynamics perspective, yielding a value of 0.78 V vs. SHE at a mercury ion concentration of 10 mg/L. This value is in excellent agreement with the experimental results, suggesting an overpotential of about 0.14 and 0.20 V for the alloy formation and oxidation, respectively. These findings provide important information on the reaction mechanisms and overpotentials of the PtHg4 alloy formation and dissolution, which are key factors for development of large-scale mercury removal based on this technique, as well as fundamental understanding of the electrochemical alloy formation between mercury ions and platinum.

(Henry Linford Award) Overcoming Challenges in Teaching Electrochemical Engineering

Electrochemical engineering is a highly interdisciplinary topic, requiring some preliminary knowledge of chemistry, material science, transport, kinetics, and process design. The major challenge in teaching the topic is that unlike most classes, where all students are ‘in-step’ in terms of their preparation, electrochemical engineering courses typically draw students from different disciplines (e.g., chemical engineering, chemistry, material science, biomedical engineering) with different background and preparation. This problem is further exacerbated in teaching electrochemical engineering short courses, which are typically attended by practicing engineers having quite different backgrounds, experience levels, and interests.When first encountering these issues, I thought that the best approach is to start from the basics, and obtain, through detailed mathematical derivations, very convincingly, the relevant equations. I could not be more wrong: students quickly lost interest, and the practical significance was often missed. I found out, that it is much more effective to first describe the issues and relevancy of the topic, and then, while still emphasizing the fundamentals, only outline the detailed derivations and skip to the final results, explaining the assumptions and limitations, while focusing on the applications and use. The students were still given class notes detailing the derivations and were directed to appropriate book chapters and publications for further reading.In terms of course content, I followed my admired and memorable teacher, Charles Tobias, who first introduced me, and so many others, to electrochemical engineering. Starting with ionic conduction and transport, and moving on to electrochemical thermodynamics, overpotentials, current distributions, multi-components and alloy deposition, transient effects, and scaling. Each topic was accompanied by relevant examples and homework problems which were later reviewed in class. I found out that it was not an effective use of class time to provide detailed discussion of specific electrochemical process technologies, which the students could read about in textbooks. Consequently, just one class period was devoted for brief discussion of each of the following: batteries and fuel-cells, electroplating, electrowinning and electrorefining, electrolytic processes, and corrosion. Emphasis was placed on discussing the fundamentals, issues, and major challenges for each. Students had the opportunity for in-depth study of additional specific applications by preparing and presenting in class a term-paper. To minimize direct reproduction from the literature, students had to indicate and discuss relevancy to fundamentals studied in class. Students could select their own topics and thereby relate the class material to their own disciplinary interests.To foster critical thinking and discussion, and to integrate the material taught, comprehensive case studies were presented and discussed in class. These case studies included among others, topics related to my own research, including scaling analysis, roughness evolution and dendritic growth, bottom-up plating of semi-conductor interconnects, and periodic reverse plating. These will be discussed in the oral presentation in more detail.I would like to conclude by thanking all my former students, who enriched my life so much, and whom I treasure as my ‘academic family’. Lastly and very importantly, I thank my dear friends and colleagues at Case Western Reserve University who made my teaching and research there most enjoyable, through stimulating discussions and close friendships.

Optimization of Porous Structures of Carbon Matrices for Loading Red Phosphorus to Achieve High-Capacity and Long-Life Anodes for All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries.

All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) using sulfide electrolytes and high-capacity alloy-type anodes have attracted sizable interest due to their potential excellent safety and high energy density. Encapsulating insulating red phosphorus (P) inside nanopores of a carbon matrix can adequately activate its electrochemical alloying reaction with lithium. Therefore, the porosity of the carbon matrix plays a crucial role in the electrochemical performance of the resulting red P/carbon composites. Here, we use zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC) with monodisperse micropores and mesoporous carbon (CMK-3) with uniform mesopores as the model hosts of red P. Our results reveal that micropores enable more effective pore utilization for the red P loading, and the P@ZTC material can achieve a record-high content (65.0 wt %) of red P confined within pores. When used as an anode of ASSLIBs, the P@ZTC electrode delivers an ultrahigh capacity of 1823 mA h g-1 and a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 87.44%. After 400 deep discharge-charge cycles (running over 250 days) at 0.2 A g-1, the P@ZTC electrode still holds a reversible capacity of 1260 mA h g-1 (99.92% capacity retention per cycle). Moreover, a P@ZTC||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 full cell can deliver a reversible areal capacity of over 3 mA h cm-2 at 0.1C after 100 cycles.

Manipulating non-equilibrium diffusion-controlled reaction toward reversible alloying reactions in alkali ion batteries

Electrochemical alloying reaction of alloying-type anode materials for alkali-ion batteries is revealed by focusing on the underlying thermodynamics.

ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ ЛЕГИРОВАНИЕ ЦИНКОВЫХ ПОКРЫТИЙ ХРОМОМ И КОБАЛЬТОМ ИЗ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТОВ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ ГЕТЕРОЯДЕРНЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ

The purpose of this work is the electrochemical alloying of zinc coatings with chromium and cobalt from glycine-containing electrolytes containing heteronuclear complexes. Currently, the development of electroplating is mainly aimed at creating environmentally safer industries. In solving these problems, low-waste technological processes with closed water circulation are introduced into industry, toxic substances are excluded from technological operations, and work is underway to reduce water consumption.An important area of work, in our opinion, is the production of alloyed coatings with effective performance characteristics. Obtaining such coatings allows the use of smaller thicknesses and longer service life, which helps to save material and energy resources, and in some cases solve environmental problems when replacing toxic metals, for example, cadmium. The processes of complexation in the zinc (II)-chromium (III)-cobalt (II) - glycine -water system were studied using NMR.The kinetics of the cathode process on zinc and steel electrodes has been studied by removing potentiodynamic polarization curves. It is suggested that the absence of characteristic current peaks on the polarization curves is due to the convergence of the electrode potentials of individual metal ions recovering from heteronuclear compounds, as well as the concomitant hydrogen release reaction.X-ray fluorescence analysis showed that in the studied current density range of 0.5-3.0 A/dm2, the content of alloying metals varies 0.01…2.00 for chromium and 0.1…3.6 for cobalt, respectively. The mass corrosion index for coatings alloyed with chromium and cobalt (cobalt content up to 1%) is 2 times less than for zinc coatings and is 0.05 g/m2·h.

ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ ЛЕГИРОВАНИЕ ЦИНКОВЫХ ПОКРЫТИЙ ХРОМОМ И НИКЕЛЕМ ИЗ ГЛИЦИНАТНЫХ РАСТВОРОВ

The purpose of this work is the electrochemical alloying of zinc coatings with chromium and nickel from electrolytes containing heteronuclear complexes. Zinc coatings are widely used to protect steel products from corrosion in the atmosphere of various climatic zones. To increase corrosion resistance, zinc coatings are chromated or phosphated. An effective way to increase the corrosion resistance of the coatings under study is their alloying with other metals. Obtaining such coatings makes it possible to reduce their thickness and increase their service life, solve environmental problems when replacing cadmium. The kinetics of the process on zinc and steel electrodes has been studied by removing cathode polarization curves. It is suggested that the absence of characteristic current peaks on the polarization curves is due to the convergence of the electrode potentials of individual metal ions recovering from heteronuclear compounds, as well as the concomitant discharge reaction of proton donors. X-ray fluorescence analysis has shown that in the studied range of current densities 1-5 A/dm2, the content of alloying metals in the coating reaches 1.4% for chromium and 9.8% for nickel. The obtained data on the elemental composition of zinc coatings indicate an abnormal co-deposition of zinc with nickel. Chromium in coatings is observed at higher current densities of 4-5 A/dm2.The data obtained in this work can be used in electroplating in the development of processes for alloying zinc coatings with chromium and nickel in order to replace cadmium coatings.

Optimization and experimental study on cathode structure of electrochemical machining titanium alloy inner helix

Optimization and experimental study on cathode structure of electrochemical machining titanium alloy inner helix

A Flexible Self-Supported Silver Wire with Nanoporous Skeleton for Electrochemical Sensing of Trichloroacetic Acid

The content of chloroacetic acid in water is mandatory, so rapid and accurate detection is of great significance for environmental health. Silver has a strong specific interaction with chloridion and its three-dimensional interconnected ligaments are proved to have higher activity. Herein, a self-supported nanoporous skeleton was constructed on the surface of silver wire by directly electrochemical alloying in ZnCl2–glycol solution at 140 °C and subsequently dealloying in sulfuric acid solution. AgZn and AgZn3 alloys are formed by electrodeposition process, and the nanoporous skeleton of elemental silver is formed after dealloying. The interconnected ligaments are uniform and the pore size is about 10–200 nm. The cyclic voltammetry showed that the self-supported nanoporous skeleton of the silver wire electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for trichloroacetic acid. Detected by chronoamperometry, the results show that the detection limit is 70 nM (S/N = 3) in the concentration range of 0.14–549 μM, and the sensor has high sensitivity, good reproducibility and anti-interference. And by detecting the recovery rate of trichloroacetic acid in the tap water, river water and industrial wastewater, the sensor proves the practicality of the prepared electrode.

Temperature and concentration dependence of the electrochemical PtHg4 alloy formation for mercury decontamination

New and improved methods to remove toxic mercury from contaminated waters and waste streams are highly sought after. Recently, it was shown that electrochemical alloy formation of PtHg4 on a platinum surface with mercury ions from solution can be utilized for decontamination, with several advantages over conventional techniques. Herein, we examine the alloy formation process in more detail by mercury concentration measurements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in batch measurements as well as electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance analysis both in batch and in flowing water with initial mercury concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 75000 µg L−1 Hg2+. Results show that mercury is effectively removed from all solutions and the rate of alloy formation is constant over time, as well as for very thick layers of PtHg4. The apparent activation energy for the electrochemical alloy formation was determined to be 0.29 eV, with a reaction order in mercury ion concentration around 0.8. The obtained results give new insights that are vital in the assessment and further development of electrochemical alloy formation as a method for large scale mercury decontamination.

Mercury Removal from Concentrated Sulfuric Acid by Electrochemical Alloy Formation on Platinum

Mercury Removal from Concentrated Sulfuric Acid by Electrochemical Alloy Formation on Platinum

Fabrication of porous SiOx/nanoSi@C composites with homogeneous silicon distribution for high-performance Li-ion battery anodes

The application of high-capacity silicon anodes in lithium batteries is restricted by the significant volume changes that occur during electrochemical alloying and long-term galvanic segregation cycles. In this work, we proposed a gas-phase magnesiothermic reduction strategy to fabricate highly porous SiOx/nanoSi@C (0 < x < 2) composites. This approach diffused the evaporated magnesium atoms into the interior of the SiO2, preventing the fast self-propagating magnesium thermal reduction reaction only on the surface of the silicon oxide particles and regulating the distribution and relative content of SiOx and nanoSi in the active material network. Thus, the proposed approach formed a porous structure of silicon nanocrystals that were diffusely distributed in the silicon oxide matrix. For the as-prepared SiOx/nanoSi@C composites, the nano-Si component increased the reversible capacity of the composite, the porous SiOx matrix suppressed the volume expansion of crystalline silicon by generating Li2O and lithium silicate protective layers, and the carbon coatings further accommodated volume expansion and increased surface contact between the active material and the electrolyte. As a result, the 0.75SiOx/0.25nanoSi@C anode exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with a reversible capacity of 1067.92 mAh/g after 400 cycles at a current density of 1 A/g.

Versatile Technique to Produce a Hierarchical Design in Nanoporous Gold.

The potential to generate variable pore sizes, simplistic surface modification, and a breadth of commercial uses in the fields of biosensors, actuators, drug loading and release, and the development of catalysts have unquestionably accelerated the usage of nanoporous gold (NPG)-based nanomaterials in research and development. This article describes the process of the generation of hierarchical bimodal nanoporous gold (hb-NPG) by employing a step-wise procedure involving electrochemical alloying, chemical dealloying techniques, and annealing to create both macro- and mesopores. This is done to improve the utility of NPG by creating a bicontinuous solid/void morphology. The area available for surface modification is enhanced by smaller pores, while molecular transport benefits from the network of larger pores. The bimodal architecture, which is the result of a series of fabrication steps, is visualized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as a network of pores that are less than 100 nm in size and connected by ligaments to larger pores that are several hundred nanometers in size. The electrochemically active surface area of the hb-NPG is assessed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), with a focus on the critical roles that both dealloying and annealing play in creating the necessary structure. The adsorption of different proteins is measured by solution depletion technique, revealing the better performance of hb-NPG in terms of protein loading. By changing the surface area to volume ratio, the created hb-NPG electrode offers tremendous potential for biosensor development. The manuscript discusses a scalable method to create hb-NPG surface structures, as they offer a large surface area for the immobilization of small molecules and improved transport pathways for faster reactions.

Stable cycling of Si nanowire electrodes in fluorine-free cyano-based ionic liquid electrolytes enabled by vinylene carbonate as SEI-forming additive

Herein, the mixture of the fluorine-free cyano-based ionic liquid N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium tricyanomethanide (Pyr14TCM), lithium dicyanamide (LiDCA) (1:9 salt:IL mole ratio) and 5 wt% vinylene carbonate (VC) is proposed as an electrolyte for the stable electrochemical alloying of silicon nanowire (Si NW) anodes. Detailed electrochemical characterization of the electrolyte (long-term galvanostatic cycling and impedance tests of Si NW-Li half-cells) demonstrates a remarkable cycling performance of the Si anode delivering 1500 mAhg−1 after 500 cycles with 99.5% Coulombic efficiency. The electrode/electrolyte interface is thoroughly investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The postmortem analysis reveals the key role of VC in controlling the IL decomposition, resulting in a bilayer solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation. The inner layer is mostly composed of graphitic carbon serving as a conductive coating for Si, and inorganic compounds such as Li3N providing high Li-ion conductivity. The outer-layer, is rich in polymeric species ensuring the good mechanical stability and flexibility to withstand the extreme volume change of Si during de-/alloying process, thus explaining the observed prolonged cycling performance.

Facile fabrication of hierarchically nanostructured gold electrode for bio-electrochemical applications

Nanoporous gold (NPG) is one of the most extensively investigated nanomaterials owing to its tunable pore size, ease of surface modification, and range of applications from catalysis, actuation, and molecular release to the development of electrochemical sensors. In an effort to improve the usefulness of NPG, a simple and robust method for the fabrication of hierarchical and bimodal nanoporous gold electrodes (hb-NPG) containing both macro-and mesopores is reported using electrochemical alloying and dealloying processes to engineer a bicontinuous solid/void morphology. Scanning electron microscopy (color SEM) images depict the hierarchical pore structure created after the multistep synthesis with an ensemble of tiny pores below 100 nm in size located in ligaments spanning larger pores of several hundred nanometers. Smaller-sized pores are exploited for surface modification, and the network of larger pores aids in molecular transport. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to compare the electrochemically active surface area of the hierarchical bimodal structure with that of the regular unimodal NPG with an emphasis on the critical role of both dealloying and annealing in creating the desired structure. The adsorption of different proteins was followed using UV-vis absorbance measurements of solution depletion revealing the high loading capacity of hb-NPG. The surface coverage of lipoic acid on the hb-NPG was analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and reductive desorption. The roughness factor determinations suggest that the fabricated hb-NPG electrode has tremendous potential for biosensor development by changing the scaling relations between volume and surface area which may lead to improved analytical performance. We have chosen to take advantage of the surface architectures of hb-NPG due to the presence of a large specific surface area for functionalization and rapid transport pathways for faster response. It is shown that the hb-NPG electrode has a higher sensitivity for the amperometric detection of glucose than does an NPG electrode of the same geometric surface area.

Boosting Interfacial Ion Transfer in Potassium-Ion Batteries via Synergy Between Nanostructured Bi@NC Bulk Anode and Electrolyte.

Using high-capacity alloy-type anodes can greatly advance potassium-ion batteries (PIBs). However, the primary limits are unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and tough interfacial ion transfer associated with large-size K+ during electrochemical (de)alloy reactions. Here, we achieve excellent energy storage performance of PIBs via the synergy between a nanostructured Bi@N-doped carbon (Bi@NC) bulk anode and a KPF6-dimethoxyethane (DME) electrolyte. The Bi@NC material with a high tap density of 3.81 g cm-3 is prepared by simply pyrolyzing a commercial Bi salt yet affords a favorable nano/microstructure consisting of Bi nanograins confined in 3D ultrathin N-doped carbon shells, facilitating electron/ion transport and structural integrity. Detailed impedance spectroscopy investigation unveils that K+ transport through SEI at the Bi@NC anode, rather than the desolvation of K+, dominates the interfacial K+ transfer. More importantly, spectroscopic and microscopic characterizations provide clear evidence that the interplay between Bi@NC anode and optimized KPF6-DME electrolyte can produce a unique SEI layer containing Bi3+-solvent complex that enables the activation energy of interfacial K+ transfer as low as 25.9 kJ mol-1, thereby ultrafast charge transfer at Bi@NC. Consequently, the Bi@NC anode in half cells achieves exceptional rate capability (206 mAh g-1 or 784 mAh cm-3 at 120C) accompanied by high specific capacity (331 mAh g-1 or 1261 mAh cm-3) and long cycle life (running 1400 cycles at 15C with a tiny capacity fading rate of 0.013% per cycle). Moreover, the Bi@NC anode and KPF6-DME electrolyte are also compatible with a potassium Prussian blue cathode and assembled full PIBs achieve stable cyclability (87.3% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 2.5C) and excellent rate performance (65.1% capacity retention upon increasing rates from 1 to 20C).

(Invited) The Effect of Anion Adsorption on Surface-Alloying during Underpotential Deposition

The spontaneous surface alloying during deposition is an unexplored route for developing new materials with a great potential for applications in catalysis, electronics, sensing and photonics. Although the surface-stress driven alloying has been theoretically predicted and explored on a fundamental level in the Ultra High Vacuum (UHV)1, very little of that knowledge has been employed in practice.The electrochemically controlled surface-alloying has not been understood well, although it was reported in many systems. The formation of UPD monolayer in the presence of specifically adsorbing ions is often accompanied by competitive adsorption, changes of the kinetics and energetics of nucleation and growth, and the co-adsorption that could stabilise new stages and phases of growth2,3. The effect of anion adsorption on surface alloying kinetics and energetics can significantly affect alloys’ properties and their (electro)chemical reactivity.Here in this work, we focused on systems, Pb UPD on Au(111) and Pb UPD on Cu(100), in which surface alloying has been reported in the past4-8. Pb UPD on Au(111) in perchlorate solution has been a well-studied system by a range of surface techniques4,5. However, very little is known about the effect of halide adsorption in this system. In the perchlorate solutions, in-situ surface stress relaxation4,5 and the in-situ STM4 surface changes unambiguously demonstrated changes associated with the surface alloying. Pb UPD on Cu(100) is another system where the formation of Pb3Cu4 ordered surface alloy is reported and shown to self-assemble in the nanoribbons pattern in the presence of chloride6-8. The studies on those UPD systems aimed to understand the effect of strong halides adsorption (chloride and bromide) on the electrochemical behaviour and surface alloying. Both chloride and bromide form well-ordered anion adlayers on Au and Cu while they differ in the strength of their interaction with the substrate and UPD metal layer. The studies included the electrochemical methods such as the polarisation at fixed sub-ML coverages of Pb over an extended period and following the changes in electrochemical behaviour. In addition to that, we investigated some of the structural and compositional changes by surface techniques such as X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (UPS) Energy-Filtered Photoemission Electron Microscopy (EF-PEEM) and Work Function (WF) mapping9.

Vertical Crystal Plane Matching between AgZn3 (002) and Zn (002) Achieving a Dendrite-Free Zinc Anode.

Metallic zinc anodes in zinc-ion batteries suffer from problematic Zn dendrite chemistry. Previous works have shown that preferred-orientation crystal planes can help dendrite-free metal anodes. This work reports a nanothickness (≈570nm) AgZn3 coating to regulate the Zn growth. First, AgZn3 @Zn anode avoids the problem, in Ag@Zn anode, that the rate of electrochemical Ag-Zn alloying is slower than that of Zn dendrites growth. Batteries life increased from 112h (pure Zn) and 932h (Ag@Zn) to 1360h (AgZn3 @Zn) at 2mAcm-2 and 1mAhcm-2 . Then, plasma sputtering can remove nonconductive ZnO and improve Zn-ion affinity, which brings a longer life for AuZn3 @Zn (423h), CuZn3 @Zn (385h), and AgZn3 @Zn (1150h) than pure Zn (93h) at 1mAhcm-2 . More importantly, AgZn3 (002) has a high matching with the Zn (002), which can guide ordered Zn epitaxial deposition, thereby achieving dense and dendrite-free Zn growth. This work clearly captures the fascinating structure of the densely stacked Zn layers on the AgZn3 layer. This strategy not only improves the performance of zinc-ion batteries greatly but will also help one understand the matching mechanism of the (002) vertical crystal plane.

Abrasion Resistance of Restorative Coatings for Crankshafts and Bearings in Agricultural Machinery

Abstract The paper presented examines the dynamics of wear of restored parts using different materials for the friction pair. The pair of crankshaft and sliding bearing largely determines the machine service life – although their overall wear index is less than 1%, it can still lead to a large number of failures and malfunctions. Vibrating arc overlaying in a shield of gas mixture of 60% argon and 40% carbon dioxide was used for restoring the surface of rollers. Subsequently, these were treated by heating with high-frequency current (HFC) and lowered to a hardness of 55±2 HRC and ground to the final size. It was found that the antifriction coating of plain bearings with electrochemical lead alloy ЕО92 showed excellent performance and insignificant wear in combination with reference material St45 and welded coating DUR500. In combination with electrochemical lead alloy ЕО92, the welded coating DUR500 showed a significantly higher wear on actuation compared to the reference material St45 at sliding friction. The relative wear resistance enhancement of crankshafts and bearings by restorative coatings represents an essential measure, as their service life can be prolonged by 20–50% in contrast to the new parts without restorative coatings.