Electrical Engineering Technology Research Articles

Preface: 6th International Conference on Information Science and Electronic Technology (ISET 2024)

We are pleased to announce that the 2024 6th International Conference on Information Science and Electronic Technology (ISET 2024) was successfully held in Venice, Italy during September 07-08, 2024. The objective of this conference is to provide a platform for researchers, engineers, academicians as well as industrial professionals from all over the world to present their research results and development activities in information science, computer applications, mechatronics, electrical engineering, and electronic technology. This conference provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations, and to find global partners for future collaboration. There were over 50 participants attended ISET 2024. During the conference, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including oral presentations, keynote speeches, and Q&A discussion. Their insightful speeches had triggered heated discussion in the conference. Every participant praised this conference for disseminating useful and insightful knowledge. We would like to acknowledge all of those who have supported ISET 2024. Each individual and institutional help were very important for the success of this conference. Especially we would like to thank the organizing committee for their valuable advices in the organization and helpful peer review of the papers. The Conference Scientific Committee Venice, Italy

Power Distribution Transformer Maintenance Skills Required byElectrical Engineering Technology Students ofPolytechnics inNorth-East Nigeria

Electric power distribution industry in North-East, Nigeria is faced with inadequate number of power transformer maintenance personnel which has led to numerous abandonment of broken down power transformers. Transformer faults have been blamed for many power outages of long duration in many towns and communities in North-East, Nigeria.It is against this backdrop that thisstudy determined the power distribution transformer maintenance skills required by Electrical Engineering Technology students of polytechnics in North-East Nigeria. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study which employed a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was 144 comprising of 135 Electrical Engineering Technology Lecturers, 3 Power Transformer Maintenance Technicians and 6 Electric Power Distribution Company-Based Supervisors. The entire population was used hence, there was no sampling. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled: Power Distribution Transformer Maintenance Skills Required Questionnaire (PDTMSRQ) developed by the researchers. The instrument was validated by three experts and a reliability of 0.74 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha reliability method. Mean statistic was used to answer the research questions while ANOVA was used to test the two null hypotheses of the study at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that the Electrical Engineering Technology students of polytechnics in North-East Nigeria required preventive, predictive and corrective maintenance skills. The study recommended the following: Lecturers should encourage the students’ skill acquisition process by exposing them to various maintenance activities in order for them to imbibe the different methods of power transformer maintenance; Students should be trained to recognize sounds and sights of faulty equipment in order to predict the parts or components that needed replacement or repairs.

Dual-gradient MXene/AgNWs/Hollow-Fe3O4/CNF composite films for thermal management and electromagnetic shielding applications

With the increasing prevalence of electronic devices, there is a pressing need for composite films that offer both efficient thermal management and superior electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. To address this, we developed a novel composite film featuring a controllable conductive-magnetic dual-gradient structure, composed of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), MXene, silver nanowires (AgNWs), and hollow ferric oxide (Fe3O4). This film was fabricated using a straightforward, cost-effective layer-by-layer vacuum filtration method. Leveraging CNF as the matrix material endows the film with remarkable flexibility. The integration of 2D MXene, 1D AgNWs, and 0D hollow Fe3O4 significantly enhances the film's thermal conductivity through multidimensional particle interactions, achieving a maximum value of 2.92 W/mK. Additionally, the dual-gradient structure of the film-comprising a transition layer and a reflection layer-improves EMI shielding efficiency by balancing high EMI shielding effectiveness with low electromagnetic wave reflection. Specifically, for the dual-gradient configuration (MAF)-25-CNF, the absorption coefficient (A) of electromagnetic waves incident on the low conductivity side reaches 0.23, and the shielding effectiveness reaches 45.8 dB. These findings highlight the potential of MXene/AgNWs/Fe3O4/CNF composite films with a controllable conductive-magnetic dual-gradient structure for applications in electronics, electrical engineering, and wearable technologies.

Vom COMPI-16 bis zur HOME-Station: 40 Jahre hardwarenahe Ausbildung am Institut für Computertechnik am Beispiel ausgewählter Projekte im Curriculum „Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik“

ZusammenfassungDas ICT hat schon vor mehreren Jahrzehnten damit begonnen, den Studierenden in der einen oder anderen Form Lösungen anzubieten, die zur selbstständigen Vertiefung des Lernstoffs abseits der Hörsäle und Laborräume geeignet sind. Je nach zu vermittelndem Wissensgebiet kommen hier auch Virtualisierungen zum Einsatz, die nicht nur leichter zu verteilen sind, sondern auch Einblicke in Bereiche ermöglichen, die den Lernenden bei Verwendung echter Hardware unzugänglich bleiben. Es wird ein historischer Überblick über die diesbezüglichen Entwicklungen am ICT gegeben.

Preface

Abstract In order to bring in the latest progress in theory, technology and application in the fields of electrical engineering and information technology at home and abroad in recent years, and show the latest research achievements, 2024 3rd International Conference on Electrical, Control and Information Technology (ECITech 2024) was held from January 19th to 21st, 2024 in Xiamen, China via virtual form. It was attended by about 120 participants from different countries and regions. At this conference we had a comprehensive overview of this fascinating field and of future scenarios thanks to the participation of distinguished delegates around the globe, including Prof. Hamid Reza Karimi (Politecnico di Milano, Italy), Prof. Mouquan Shen (Nanjing Tech University, China), Assoc. Prof. Jamaludin Jalani (Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Malaysia), and Assoc. Prof. Wenfeng Hu (Central South University, China). The experts performed wonderful keynote speeches, and the participants raised questions based on the speeches and interacted with the speakers and people around, leading to a heated discussion on the latest research findings and trends in related fields. As one of the important outcomes of ECITech 2024, this proceedings contains excellent academic contributions from all over the world, demonstrating the latest research results and innovative ideas in this field. These papers not only cover theoretical explorations of electrical, control and information technology, but also numerous practical application cases, which provide us with valuable experiences and insights. In this collection of papers, the authors, with profound academic background and keen insight, have discussed the hot issues in the field of electrical, control and information technology in depth. They have systematically analyzed and elaborated on the latest advances in electrical engineering, innovative applications of control theory, and the integration and development of information technology from different perspectives and at different levels. These papers not only enrich our understanding of the field, but also provide new ideas and directions for future research. We would like to thank all the experts, scholars and authors who participated in this conference for their hard work and excellent contributions, which made this conference a complete success and the publication of the proceedings. At the same time, we would also like to thank all the guests and attendees, whose enthusiastic participation and active support have made this conference a real academic feast. Finally, we sincerely hope that this proceedings will bring inspiration and harvest to the readers, and we also look forward to exploring more mysteries and possibilities in the field of electrical, control and information technology with you in the future academic exchanges and cooperation. The Committee of ECITech 2024 List of Committee Member is available in this Pdf.

Short-term forecasting of rooftop retrofitted photovoltaic power generation using machine learning

This paper explores short-term forecasting of rooftop retrofitted photovoltaic (PV) power generation using a Neural Networks (NN) model, highlighting its importance for energy management and grid integration. The study used data from the Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA) of the Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Technology (FTKEE), capturing a 570.4 kWp rooftop PV system. The data, collected at 15-min intervals from January 29 to February 4, 2024, included thirty-three input features such as ambient temperature, horizontal irradiation, AC voltages, AC currents, and Maximum Power Point Trackers (MPPTs). The target was the total active power in kilowatts. The methodology involved partitioning the data into a training set covering the first five days and a testing set for the last two days. The NN model was compared with other machine learning approaches, including Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), Random Forest (RF), and k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN). Performance metrics: Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Maximum Error, and Standard Deviation were used to evaluate the models. The results showed that the NN model outperformed all other models, achieving an RMSE of 0.7098, an MAE of 0.3629, a Maximum Error of 3.901, and a Standard Deviation of 0.7076. These findings suggest that NN effectively capture complex patterns in rooftop PV system data, contributing to enhanced reliability and efficiency in short-term solar power forecasting. The study's implications extend to improved grid management and energy efficiency, underlining the significance of advanced machine learning techniques in renewable energy forecasting.

Speaking Anxiety Among ESL Learners: A Comparative Study Between Electrical Engineering and Digital Technology Students

Speaking Anxiety Among ESL Learners: A Comparative Study Between Electrical Engineering and Digital Technology Students

Study Assessing Viability of Installing 20kw Solar Power for the Electrical & Electronic Engineering Department Rufus Giwa Polytechnic Owo

The practicality of solar power supply to the Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology department at Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, is the main topic of this article. Some other sources of power were put into consideration. Solar power was selected as an alternative supply to the department due to its numerical advantages over others. The authors looked into the various effects in the past by different researchers in ensuring that the best is obtained from solar energy. The load estimation was carried out by considering the possible load from various units within the department. The power consumption demand was calculated. Also, the photovoltaic panel capacity and quantity were estimated. Data collection was done over the course of three days. The voltages generated by the photovoltaic panel on an hourly basis were recorded. These form the basis for plotting graphs that reveal the feasibility of the project in the institution.

Digital Skills Competencies Required by Electrical Engineering Lecturers for Effective Utilization of Open Educational Resources in Polytechnics in Northeast Nigeria

The study determined the digital skills competencies required by Electrical Engineering Lecturers for effective utilization of Open Educational Resources in Polytechnics in Northeast Nigeria. Four research questions guided the study which survey research design was adopted. The study population comprised 186 individuals, consisting of 151 Electrical/Electronic Engineering Technology Lecturers and 35 ICT unit heads from across 12 Polytechnics in North East Nigeria. Due to the manageable size of the population, no sampling was conducted; instead, the entire population was included in the study. Data collected for the study was through a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers, termed the “Open Educational Resources Digital Skills Competencies Questionnaire (OERDSCQ)”, employing a 5-point Likert and Rating scales. The questionnaire underwent validation by three experts and a trial test was conducted on five lecturers and four ICT unit staff at Yobe State Polytechnic, Damaturu, where a reliability index of 0.89 was achieved using the Cronbach Alpha method. The mean statistic was utilized to answer the four research questions. Based on the results, the study revealed that across eleven clusters of competencies ranging from technical skills to pedagogical competencies, all competencies were deemed necessary for effective teaching and learning in electrical engineering technology; and regarding the accessibility of open educational resources (OERs) in Northeast Nigerian Polytechnics reveal a significant discrepancy in availability and ease of access to OER. The study recommended that the government should implement structured digital skills training programs tailored to the needs of electrical engineering lecturers in Northeast Nigerian Polytechnics; and the government should invest in infrastructure and technological resources to enhance access to digital tools and resources within Northeast Nigerian Polytechnics.

Review of Power Supply and Distribution Construction Technology for Highway Electromechanical Engineering

In recent years, China has made significant progress in the construction of highways, resulting in an improvedhighway network that has provided robust support for economic and social development. However, the rapid expansion of highway construction, power supply, and distribution has led to several challenges in mechanical and electrical engineering technology. Ensuring the safe, stable, and cost-effective operation of the power supply and distribution system to meet the diverse requirements of highway operations has become a pressing issue. This article takes an example of a highway electromechanical engineering power supply and distribution construction project to provide insight into the construction process of highway electromechanical engineering power supply and distribution technology.

Rancang Bangun Trainer Pembangkit Lsitrik Tenaga Surya Dengan Metoda Off Grid dan On Grid Sebagai Media Perkuliahan Sistem Pembangkit

The DIV study program is a new study program so there are several courses that require practical equipment that supports the achievement of good learning of power plant systems, the current condition of practical equipment is still lacking and there are some that do not meet practical needs, so this research will create a power plant trainer tool Solar (PLTS) which functions as a learning medium in the integrated generator laboratory in the Electrical Installation Engineering Technology DIV study program. The aim of this research is to improve students' understanding of Solar Cell Power Plants, both installation methods and the working principles of supporting components both with On Grid systems and Off Grid systems. In making this trainer, it was carried out by assembling and making a trainer stand with a welding system and the mid-trainel was made using acrylic to make it easier to assemble the main components of the PLTS system. With this trainer tool, it will be very easy for students to design PLTS systems that will be used according to the energy needs used by customers. so that the installation of PLTS is in accordance with the required requirements, and also with this tool it is able to produce students' skills in assembling and installing PLTS correctly, both with On Grid Systems and Off Grid Systems, and students are able to optimize the placement of the installation position on the Solar Panel Module so that they are able to optimize the lighting received by the solar panels is good.

CDIO-based teaching at universities: A case study for students majoring in electrical and electronic engineering technology, Vietnam

In the 1980s of the twentieth century, universities in developed countries began to realize the growing gap between the capabilities of new graduate engineers and the actual requirements of engineering branches. The strong progress of technology requires engineers to have the intellectual abilities and necessary job-specific skills to master that progress. This paper focuses on Conceive, Design, Implement and Operate (CDIO) approach-based teaching for students majoring in electrical and electronic engineering technology at engineering universities in Vietnam to demonstrate the feasibility of the teaching model. The experimental method of synthesizing qualitative and quantitative results for 90 students in control and experimental classes was used. The experimental and control classes both had 45 students. SPSS software version 22 was used to gather data and evaluate the learning results of the two experimental and control groups. According to the findings of the T-test analysis of the independent variables for the two groups, the experimental class performed better in academics and had students in the experimental group who were more satisfied with their post-test scores. This result contributes to confirm that the use of the CDIO-based teaching model in Vietnam is effective for students majoring in electrical and electronic engineering technology.

Deliberation on the integration of electrical engineering and automation technology in modern smart buildings

Deliberation on the integration of electrical engineering and automation technology in modern smart buildings

Preface

The 2023 3rd International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Computer Technology (ICEECT 2023), a virtual conference, was held during September 22nd–24th, 2023 in Nanjing, China, bringing together about 80 participants around the world.It is well known that technological advancements have made our learning continuous. It is high time for engineers and technocrats to think about innovation and contribute to technological advancements. Technological advancements at an exceptional rate could only take place by exchanging thoughts, ideas, innovations, problems, real-time solutions to the problems and technologies.ICEECT 2023 has provided such a platform for researchers, engineers, academicians, industrial professionals, and practitioners of Electrical Engineering and Computer Technology fields from all over the globe. It has kindled validated discussions on the technological advancements, recent trends, various issues of sustainability, and the solutions adopted to address these issues in the amalgamating fields of Electrical Engineering and Computer Technology by embodying innovative ideas and pivoting advanced technologies. Emphasis was attributed to the recent developments in the fields of Electrical Engineering and Computer Technology.The Conference was made stimulating and informative by keynote speeches delivered by the pioneers of the fields from different corners of the world as well as many oral and poster presentations. Among the many speakers, Marco C. Campi, acting as one of our keynote speakers, is a Professor of Automatic Control at the University of Brescia, Italy, where he has taught topics related to data-driven control, systems theory, and inductive methods for more than twenty-five years. He has delivered plenary addresses at major conferences, including CDC, MTNS, and SYSID. And another keynote speaker Lei Chen is currently an Associate Professor at the School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China. His research interests include Image Processing and Computer Vision, Visual Quality Assessment and Pattern Recognition, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence. They both made dramatic speeches employing their research experience and professional insights. What’s more, attendees interacted actively with each other, exchanging views on the topics concerned and sharing their unique experience on the development trends and research directions.We would like to address our sincere thanks to the eminent speakers, the Technical Committee members, authors, reviewers, participants, the esteemed associates of the Conference, and all the members who have supported the Conference. Special acknowledgement to the staff of Journal of Physics: Conference Series for all their efforts in making this volume published.The Committee of ICEECT 2023List of Committee Member are availble in this pdf.

Patent citations and knowledge spillovers: an empirical analysis of Indian patents

ABSTRACT This study uses patent citations data to measure knowledge spillovers at three levels: inventor, firm, and technology. We have collected Indian patents data granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and their backward citations from 1990 to 2019. To conduct our empirical analysis, we apply the Negative Binomial (NB) and Generalised Negative Binomial Model (GNBM). To account for other factors influencing knowledge spillovers, we control for patent inventor size, applicant size, patent scope, and claims. Our findings show that US-origin inventors outperform Indian and European inventors in terms of knowledge spillover from patent citations. Similarly, US firms show better knowledge spillover performance than Indian firms, foreign firms, Indian research centres, and other ownership categories. Lastly, the knowledge spillovers in chemistry technology patents are high compared to mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and other technology categories from existing patent stock. The emperical finding of our study suggests that the government can promote knowledge spillovers from patent citations and advance India towards a knowledge-based economy by attracting foreign inventors and firms in the country, investing in domestic R&D, and developing human capital.

Preface: 5th International Conference on Information Science and Electronic Technology (ISET 2023)

We are pleased to announce that the 2023 5th International Conference on Information Science and Electronic Technology (ISET 2023) was successfully held in Venice, Italy during August 26-27, 2023. The objective of ISET 2023 is to provide a platform for researchers, engineers, academicians as well as industrial professionals from all over the world to present their research results and development activities in information science, computer applications, mechatronics, electrical engineering, and electronic technology.
 This conference provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations, and to find global partners for future collaboration.
 There were over 50 participants attended ISET 2023. During the conference, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including oral presentations, keynote speeches, and Q&A discussion. Their insightful speeches had triggered heated discussion in the conference. Every participant praised this conference for disseminating useful and insightful knowledge.
 We would like to acknowledge all of those who have supported ISET 2023. Each individual and institutional help were very important for the success of this conference. Especially we would like to thank the organizing committee for their valuable advices in the organization and helpful peer review of the papers.
 The Conference Scientific Committee
 Venice, Italy

Application of Schlieren photography for visualisation of a pulsed gaseous target

The article describes Schlieren photography, realised using a laser plasma as a radiationsource. Optical systems prepared for visualisation of a stationary gas outflow and a pulsed gaseoustarget, produced in an atmosphere or vacuum environment are presented. A He-Ne laser beam orlaser plasmas were used as the light sources. Schlieren images of outflows of helium, carbon dioxide,krypton, nitrogen and sulphur hexafluoride, are presented. A comparison of various gas streams,formed in atmosphere, imaged using different light sources are shown. Schlieren images of a twostreamgaseous target formed in vacuum are also presented.Keywords: automation, electronics, electrical engineering and space technology, refraction, opticalsystem, laser plasma, schlieren photography

The Application of Electrical Engineering and Automation Technology in Intelligent Buildings

Due to the economic development of the country, the building materials industry is also quietly emerging, and electrical engineering and its automation science and technology are widely used. Due to the improvement of people's life, the demand for architectural design and electrical is getting higher and higher, therefore, the correct use of electrical engineering and its automation science and technology is crucial to meet people's demand for architectural design, which not only can effectively use national resources, but also can greatly improve the efficiency of using construction projects and make positive contributions to social development. In order to ensure safety, we have to further improve the degree of application of electrical and intelligent technology. This will make the intelligent architectural design truly possible and effectively realize the intelligent function of architectural design. Therefore, this chapter will mainly discuss the importance and use of electrical and intelligent technology in the intelligent architectural design.

Application on Intelligent Technology of Electrical Engineering and Automation

In the electrical industry, the complexity and construction scale of electrical engineering are increasing, the traditional technology has been difficult to efficiently adapt to the development needs of the new era industry, deepening the popularization of the application of intelligent technology in electrical engineering and automation, is an important development direction of the electrical industry. This paper describes the basic connotation of electrical engineering and automation and intelligent technology, analyzes the electrical engineering and automation intelligent technology application in improving the level of system control, improve data processing accuracy and optimize the significance of system design, studied the electrical engineering and automation system in fault response processing, automation control, system design, the specific application of real-time monitoring.

Teaching Towards “CDIO” Approach on Students of Electrical-Electronic Engineering Technology: A Case Study

Competence-based teaching model is a popular trend to replace traditional teaching in modern education. However, up to now, there has not been a competence approach model that provides a detailed and specific set of tools to help design and implement engineering training to achieve the desired learning outcomes like the “CDIO” (Conceive Design Implement Operate) approach. The papers used the experimental research method with the sample of 90 students (of whom 47 students were in the experimental class students and 43 students were in the control class) for the module "Electronic internship". It applied the teaching model with the positive teaching method through the process of organizing teaching and learning activities towards CDIO approach. It used the methods of testing F-test, T-test of independent variables on the learning performance of students including midterm and final grades through SPSS 20 software. The experimental class had higher results than the control class, and at the same time the Effect size of the experimental class was 0.7 higher than that of the control class (J. Cohen, 1998). That proves that experimental brings efficiency in teaching and learning. This result initially affirms that the use of CDIO-based teaching methods is valuable for teaching and learning in engineering training in general and in Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology in particular.