Applications In Electrical Industries Research Articles

Research and Exploration on Green Design of Household Electrical Appliances

With the development of global economy, resource shortage and environmental pollution is increasingly serious. Household electrical appliance industry is facing great pressure. The traditional design pattern already could not meet the developmental needs. Based on the whole of product life cycle, this paper studies the household electrical appliances green design methods, mainly including: green material selection design, green structure optimization design, green recycling design, from design source to improve the household electrical appliances environmental friendliness and market competitiveness.

Assessing participation in voluntary environmental programmes in the developing world: the role of FDI and export orientation on ISO14001 adoption in Thailand

Empirical assessments of the determinants of firm participation in Voluntary Environmental Programmes (VEPs) in the developing world are largely absent from the environmental regulation literature, leaving a number of important factors unique to such countries unexplored. This article examines these factors, namely the roles played by Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and export orientation, in addition to factors deemed important in the industrialized world context to the problem of ISO14001 adoption in one developing nation, Thailand. We make use of unique primary data from 494 firms, and focus on three important industries, the resource-based food and beverages industry, the labour-intensive textiles and wearing apparel industry, and the more high-technology electronics and electrical appliances industry. We find that FDI plays a role in ISO14001 adoption, especially FDI from Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and ISO14001-rich countries. Other important determinants include firm size, experience with ISO9000, and production of intermediate products. Firms faced with fewer obstacles to environmental improvements such as those facing lower costs, having more understanding of the procedure, and with greater access to the appropriate technology are also more likely to adopt ISO14001.

An Investigation of Comprehensive Income and Firm Performance: The Case of the Electric Appliances Industry of the Tokyo Stock Exchange

This study investigates whether comprehensive income is associated with the future performance of the electric appliances industry firms in Japan. We find that regarding the Japanese electric appliances industry firms, comprehensive income is superior to other earnings or cash flow variables in predicting their future stock returns. We consider that our result in this paper provides useful evidence not only for the Japanese but also for the international academicians and practitioners.

Optimum Design of a Five-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Underwater Vehicles by use of Particle Swarm Optimization

Permanent magnet synchronous motors are efficient motors which have widespread applications in electric industry due to their noticeable features. One of the interesting applications of such motors is in underwater vehicles. In these cases, reaching to minimum volume and high torque of the motor are the major concern. Design optimization can enhance their merits considerably, thus reduce volume and improve performance of motors. In this paper, a new method for optimum design of a five-phase surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor is presented to achieve minimum loss and magnet volume with an increased torque. A multi-objective optimization is performed in search for optimum dimensions of the motor and its permanent magnets using particle swarm optimization. The design optimization results in a motor with great improvement regarding the original motor. Finally, finite element analysis is utilized to validate the accuracy of the design.

Exchange Rate Changes and Stock Returns: The Recent Cases of the Japanese Electric Appliances Industry Firms

This study explores the time-series dynamics of the sensitivities of stock returns to the US-yen exchange rates. We also investigate whether the US-yen exchange rates are priced in recent periods in the Japanese electric appliances industry. Our investigations firstly indicate that recently, the sensitivities of the Japanese electric appliances industry stocks to exchange rates increased. Further, our standard regressions clearly show that as to the Japanese electric appliances industry firms, in the recent periods, exchange rate changes are priced in the Japanese equity markets.

Optimum Design of a Five-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Underwater Vehicles by use of Particle Swarm Optimization

Permanent magnet synchronous motors are efficient motors which have widespread applications in electric industry due to their noticeable features. One of the interesting applications of such motors is in underwater vehicles. In these cases, reaching to minimum volume and high torque of the motor are the major concern. Design optimization can enhance their merits considerably, thus reduce volume and improve performance of motors. In this paper, a new method for optimum design of a five-phase surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor is presented to achieve minimum loss and magnet volume with an increased torque. A multi-objective optimization is performed in search for optimum dimensions of the motor and its permanent magnets using particle swarm optimization. The design optimization results in a motor with great improvement regarding the original motor. Finally, finite element analysis is utilized to validate the accuracy of the design. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v10i5.1176

Rising externality costs and corporate social responsibility case: EU legislation on electric and electronic equipment

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to study how we may identify the link between rising externality costs and corporate social responsibility (CSR) by using a market‐centric approach to CSR.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses indicators measuring CSR performances triggered by rising externality costs due to EU legislation on electric and electronic equipment (EEE). The case study includes three leading companies in the global electric appliances industry.FindingsThe EU legislation on EEE has increased the externality costs of the electric appliances industry. Some companies only meet the minimum requirements of the legislation, while others go beyond what is required and engage in CSR. It is found that the strongest CSR impact is related to output externalities in the authors' sample in the EEE sector, while the strongest CSR impact in the clothing sector, in an earlier study, is related to input externalities.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that governments need to adapt their CSR policies not only to general sector‐specific features, but in addition to the potential for reducing negative externalities in different parts of the value chain in each sector.Originality/valueThis article contributes to a better understanding of how government policies raise the externality costs of industries, which in turn lead these industries to strengthen their CSR performance. The study also demonstrates the usefulness of a market centric approach to CSR.

The Extreme Decline of Investor Sentiment and Market Efficiency: Evidence from the Electric Appliances Industry in Japan

This paper aims to clarify whether weak form market efficient hypothesis holds in markets with deteriorated investor sentiment by focusing on the return dynamics of the Japanese electric appliances industry stocks. The contributions derived by our empirical analysis are as follows. First, this paper revealed that when investor sentiment is very stable, two successive days’ returns have no relation. Hence in markets with very stable sentiment, weak form market efficient hypothesis holds. Second, we clarified that when investor sentiment is deteriorated, two successive days’ returns are statistically significantly connected. Therefore, in markets with extremely declined investor sentiment, weak form market efficient hypothesis does not hold.

Stock Return Conjunction in Markets with Deteriorated Sentiment: Evidence from the Japanese Electric Appliances Industry

This paper aims to clarify the characteristics of stock return dynamics when investor sentiment is deteriorated in equity markets. Further, prior to our empirical analysis, we newly develop the measures of return conjunction and the exponentially weighted correlation coefficient. Namely, our contributions are as follows. First, this paper clarifies the fact that when market sentiment is deteriorated, stock returns present conjunctional behavior. Second, for our empirical analysis, we newly develop two kinds of conjunction measures of stock returns. Third, we also develop the exponentially weighted correlation coefficient measure referring to the exponentially weighted volatility suggested by J.P. Morgan. This correlation measure is a useful tool because it captures forward-looking correlation without difficulty caused by model estimation.

Framework for eco-innovative design with application in low-voltage electric appliance industry

Following several years of incremental improvements in green-design, nowadays, step changes have to be considered for developing competitive environmentally friendly products. However, many companies still see environmental issues as economical burden because eco-innovations usually require new capital investments as well as changes in product design and the related production processes and after-sale services. In this respect, a methodology for guiding decision-makers towards a superior balance between quality, cost and environmental issues in product design is introduced in this paper. A case study on a product from the family of electric appliances reveals the effectiveness of the methodology.

Construction of Discarded Refrigerator Recycling System Based on Reverse Logistics in Harbin

As an important part of the social logistics, reverse logistics plays an important role in socio-economic development. In this paper, we took discarded Haier refrigerator as the object of study, and investigated the operating conditions of electrical appliance industry and recycling situation of discarded appliances enterprises in Harbin. Through the reference to the domestic and international recycling technology of discarded refrigerators, we analysed the haier home appliance in financial crisis in Harbin, introduced the concept of reverse logistics and constructed the recycling system of Haier refrigerators based on reverse logistics. After the analysis of the system, we find out its feasibility and practical operability and prospect the future research of logistics industry.

A Test of the Catering Theory of Dividends: The case of the Japanese Electric Appliances Industry

We test the catering theory of dividends using data from firms in the Japanese electrical appliances industry. Our empirical investigations reveal that, in the Japanese electrical appliances industry, corporate managers do not consider catering behavior in either their dividend initiation decisions or their continuation decisions. This result is particularly important because it is different from existing evidence for the US. We also find that one of the most important determinants of dividend initiations among Japanese electrical appliances industry firms is the value-weighted dividend yield in the industry. Namely, we find that after the value-weighted dividend yield declines, Japanese firms in the industry tend to initiate dividend payments.

Supplier selection in agile supply chains: An information-processing model and an illustration

Agile supply chains need to be highly flexible in order to reconfigure quickly in response to changes in their environment. An effective supplier selection process is essential for this. This paper develops a model that helps overcome the information-processing difficulties inherent in screening a large number of potential suppliers in the early stages of the selection process. Based on radial basis function artificial neural network (RBF-ANN), the model enables potential suppliers to be assessed against multiple criteria using both quantitative and qualitative measures. Its efficacy is illustrated using empirical data from the Chinese electrical appliance and equipment manufacturing industries.

The effects of customer benefit and regulation on environmental product innovation.: Empirical evidence from appliance manufacturers in Germany

Environmental product (EP) innovations and their determinants have received increasing attention from researchers during the past years. So far, empirical studies have shown inconsistent results, especially regarding the impact of regulation. In this paper, I seek to advance the understanding of EP-innovation by introducing and testing a novel research framework. First, a novel unit of analysis, the environmental issue level, is applied. EP-innovation is not studied in broad terms but specifically for four environmental issues that are relevant to the electrical and electronic appliances industry: energy efficiency, toxic substances, material efficiency, and electromagnetic fields. Second, the customer benefit, a concept from the green marketing literature, is included as an explanatory variable for EP-innovation for the first time. The argument is that green products which besides their public benefits have private environmental benefits for the customer (e.g., energy savings) will generate stronger consumer demand and can thus constitute the firm's motivation to implement those innovations in the first place. Third, EP-innovation is observed more comprehensively, measuring its extent and level of novelty. I apply this research framework to study EP-innovations of German manufacturers of electrical and electronic appliances. My results support the issue level as unit of analysis. The impact of customer benefit and regulation on EP-innovation is analyzed with logit regression and the results clearly show that both customer benefit and regulation play a key role for EP-innovation. They not only foster the implementation of EP-innovations but also their broad application and their level of novelty.

Thermo-Calc Calculation and Experimental Study of Microstructure of SUS 410S and SUS 430 Ferrite Stainless Steels at High Temperature

Abstract SUS 410S and SUS 430 are the ferrite stainless steel being applied in some electrical appliance industry due to their excellent corrosion resistance and considerable cold formability. They have the ferrite microstructure at room temperature, while they might have different microstructure at high temperature. Since the microstructure may have remarkable effect on the hot ductility and thus the hot workability, it is of importance make some investigations. This paper summarized the studies of the microstructure of SUS 410S and SUS 430 ferrite stainless steels at high temperature by means of optical microscope with main attentions paid to the volume fraction of ferrite and austenite phases at different temperatures. It was found that both steels have the duplex structures consisting of two phases: austenite and ferrite at high hot working temperatures, which was different from that at room temperature. The thermodynamic calculation for the microstructure of SUS 410S and SUS 430 at high temperature was carried out by means of Thermo-Calc and the calculation results agreed well with the experiment. Since austenite and ferrite phases have different hot workability during hot working, it is of importance to balance their fraction to get optimum hot workability for both ferritic stainless steels. Based on these studies, the optimum hot working parameters to avoid any hot cracking can be decided.

Influence of Aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Properties of Spray Formed CuNi15Sn8 Alloy

The CuNi15Sn8 alloy has quite potential applications in the field of the electrical appliance industry. However, this alloy is prone to generate the segregation of alloying elements at the grain boundaries because of the high content of Sn element with the low melting point by conventionally processing route. Although the CuNi15Sn8 alloy can be obtained by powder metallurgy or mechanical mixing techniques, it is hard to avoid the formation of oxidation in the alloy. As compared with these techniques, spray forming technique has obvious advantages in preparing the CuNi15Sn8 alloy. The spray formed CuNi15Sn8 alloy has indicated that the elements of Sn and Ni were very uniformly distributed in matrix with the fine equiaxed grains. Influence of aging treatment on the microstructure and properties of spray formed CuNi15Sn8 alloy was studied.

Do Pluralistic Performance Measurements differ among Industries? : The Japanese Case of Foods, Chemicals, Machinery and Electric Appliances Industry

Do Pluralistic Performance Measurements differ among Industries? : The Japanese Case of Foods, Chemicals, Machinery and Electric Appliances Industry

Low viscous unsaturated polyester resin for monomer free UP‐resins

AbstractIt was possible to develop comonomer free unsaturated polyester resins for the application in electrical industry. By testing model compounds and mixtures of model compounds it was possible to find the optimised structure of the resin molecule with respect to the position of the copolymerizable double bonds. By choosing the proper composition of the other components of the resin, e.g. the glycols and modifying dicarboxylic acids, it was also possible to manufacture low viscous resins.

松下のラジオ事業進出と事業部制の形成

The aim of this paper is to analyze the process by which Matsushita Electric branched out into radio manufacturing in the first half of 1930s and the organizational reform the company undertook as a result. The originality of Matsushita's divisional restructuring of 1933 is well known, and it was the earliest one to take place in Japan.In 1930, Matsushita, which had succeeded in the electrical appliance industry, decided to expand into radio manufacturing. Its founder Kohnosuke Matsushita wished to produce trouble-free radio sets, which seemed a promising idea as the radio market at that time was flooded with inferior products.It was, however, not easy to make Matsushita's dream a reality. The resulting radios were too idealistic and consequently too expensive, and Matsushita's radio business showed a considerable deficit. It forced the company to reorganize its radio business on July 1933 by integrating the manufacturing and the sales sections.Following the reorganization, Matsushita was able to develop new models that were suitable to market needs, and its radio business expanded rapidly. Leaning from this success, Matsushita introduced its multidivisional structure on March 1934. It is clear that Matsushita's creation of a multidivisional structure was based on the same logic as that of Du Pont and GM in 1920-21 which were analyzed by A.D. Chandler.

An examination of strategic foreign direct investment decision processes: the case of Taiwanese manufacturing SMEs

Proposes that due to the worsening business environment in Taiwan in the 1980s many manufacturing enterprises, the majority being labour‐intensive small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs), were moving out to other developing countries. Explores how owner managers in the Taiwanese Electronic and Electric Appliances industry make a foreign direct investment (FDI) decision. Two semi‐structured questionnaires were designed to gather data about the respondents’ decision‐making processes. Field research was undertaken in Taiwan by personal interview over a period of three months and in total 35 companies participated. Discusses how a company’s internationalization experience and its size in terms of sales significantly influence the likelihood of a positive FDI decision. The likelihood of a positive FDI decision is also affected by owners’ personal characteristics. Additionally the decision makers appear to be influenced by friends and partners. States that the companies that make a positive FDI decision perceive the work ethic in Taiwan as deteriorating. Posits that 78 per cent of the most recent FDIs are in China: the major benefits being sought are low production costs and abundant labour supply. Says the most important reason for selecting China as the host country is the same language and cultural similarities. Explains that most FDIs are to produce products which have a price advantage; hence the FDI creates a vertical integration with the mother company in Taiwan. Seems that Taiwanese manufacturing SMEs will continue investing overseas to seek competitive advantages.