Electric Units Research Articles

Regarding the issue of the influence of factors on the braking parameters of M1 category vehicles with electric or hybrid power unit

Problem. The relevance of this work is explained by the fact that there are no works at all in the reference and normative literature on the theory and practice of forensic auto technical examination, and even more so, methodical recommendations regarding the values ​​of the braking parameters of vehicles of the M1 category with an electric power plant. Goal. The purpose of the work is to establish the factors that affect the braking parameters of M1 category vehicles with an electric or hybrid power unit. Methodology. The approaches adopted in the work to solve the set goals are based on the theory of conducting the experiment, the theory of the interaction of the pneumatic tire with the road surface, the theory of the car and the laws of theoretical mechanics. Results. On the basis of the obtained experimental data regarding the value of permanent deceleration and the time value of the increasing deceleration during emergency braking of the M1 category vehicles with an electric or hybrid power unit, the tasks will be solved necessary for conducting forensic engineering and transport examinations for specific road traffic events with the participation of M1 category vehicles with an electric or hybrid power unit. Originality. The results of the study provided an opportunity to get an idea of the influence of factors on the braking parameters of M1 category vehicles with an electric or hybrid power unit. Practical value. The obtained results can be recommended to forensic experts when writing expert opinions or expert studies.

Low-cost Light-emitting Diode Lights Reduce Production Cost of Bibb Lettuce Grown in Aquaponic Systems

In temperate climates, aquaponic producers must use artificial lighting; however, purchasing light-emitting diode (LED) grow lights can be cost-prohibitive. Two aquaponic trials evaluated low-cost LED lighting for the growth of bibb lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata). In trial 1, seven low-cost LED lights were screened and compared with a high-end LED grow light. The three best-performing lights in terms of total plant biomass produced (grams) and total plant biomass per unit of electricity (grams per square meter per kilowatt-hour) were more intensively evaluated in trial 2. These lights included Spider Farmer SF-2000 [SPI ($300)], Fluence RAZRx [FLU ($364)], Designers Fountain 6-Light 5000 K LED High Bay Light [DES ($100)], and the control NeoSol DS [NEO ($1400)]. After 17 days, lettuce grown under NEO achieved higher (P ≤ 0.05) total biomass (939 g) than DES (812 g). There were no differences (P > 0.05) in the average individual plant weights in any treatment. Plant production efficiency (grams per square meter per kilowatt-hour) was higher in DES than NEO (P ≤ 0.05) but was not different from SPI and FLU (P > 0.05). Results indicate that low-cost LEDs are a viable option for producers looking to reduce investment costs while maintaining adequate plant growth. To further describe potential cost savings for producers, a partial budget analysis evaluated the net change in profits and benefit/cost ratio (BCR) of the experimental lights. All showed improved economic results compared with the control (NEO). These studies indicate that low-cost LED lights can support similar plant growth, at higher energy efficiencies, with better economic viability than more expensive grow lights.

Design of the pistol P1 weapon storage system shelf using fingerprint electronic system in the TNI-AD units

One of the most important aspects of preventing illegal usage of firearms is safe storage. An inventive way to guarantee that only authorized owners can access the firearms is to incorporate fingerprint technology into the design of electric firearm storage systems. The use of fingerprint technology to increase the security of gun storage is desperately needed. However, issues with the finger's health, such as stains, cuts, and dampness, can impair the accuracy of the detection. This study employs a quantitative methodology using five fingerprint detection situations to test the accuracy of the system. The Arduino ESP was used as the foundation for the system implementation throughout the nine months that the research was conducted at the Kodiklatad Poltekad Electronics Laboratory. According to the test results, the system has 100% accuracy in identifying five different fingerprint detecting scenarios. But limitations are implied by the system's incapacity to identify damp, damaged, or dusty fingertips. Consequently, further thought must be given to these circumstances in order to improve system reliability. The design of an electric gun storage unit using Arduino ESP-based fingerprint technology has the potential to increase the security of gun storage, but more work is needed to address some issues that limit detection accuracy

Clinical outcomes of conjunctivochalasis treatment with a new ophthalmic radiofrequency device

PurposeTo investigate the safety and efficacy of a new micro-controlled radiofrequency device for treatment of conjunctivochalasis (Cch).MethodsData of 127 patients (230 eyes) who underwent ophthalmic radiofrequency treatment for Cch from January 2020 to June 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Cch coagulation was performed with a radiofrequency electrode tip (OcuRF®, Ilooda, Korea) and a high-frequency radio-wave electric unit (0.6 ~ 0.8 watts, 2 MHz, Acutron™, Ilooda, Korea). Pre- and postoperative Cch grading, slit-lamp photography, tear film break-up time (TBUT), and bulbar conjunctival hyperemia using Keratograph 5 M (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) were evaluated. Cch grade 0 or 1 after surgery was regarded as ‘success’. Complications, recurrence, and additional treatment rates were analyzed.ResultsIn 227 (98.7%) eyes, the radiofrequency treatment led to marked improvement of Cch, with 224 (97.4%) eyes achieving grade 0 or 1 at 2 months postoperatively. Eight eyes (3.5%) received additional treatment. TBUT improved from 3.17 ± 0.82 s to 5.28 ± 1.10 s after surgery (P < 0.001). The total bulbar conjunctival hyperemia value showed an improvement from 1.7 ± 0.6 to 1.4 ± 0.6 postoperatively (P < 0.05). No serious complications were observed.ConclusionThe novel ophthalmic radiofrequency device led to a marked improvement of Cch with no serious adverse events during the entire follow-up period. Our results suggest that the radiofrequency device presents a safe and efficacious treatment option for Cch.

A new approach to wind farm stabilization and peak electricity support using fuel cells: Case study in Swedish cities

The present article introduces and investigates a new approach for shaving the peak electricity demand and mitigating energy instability. At the heart of this concept is a smart integration for efficient hydrogen production/storage/usage to minimize energy costs and maximize the renewable penetration in the local electricity grid. The system is driven by a wind farm integrated with proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers and reverse osmosis desalination units for efficient electricity, hydrogen, and freshwater production. It also combines with PEM fuel cells equipped with a hydrogen tank to meet the demand constantly when renewable electricity is unavailable or unstable. The system's practicality is assessed and compared for various Swedish cities with high wind potential from thermodynamic, economic, and environmental aspects to see where it works effectively. The comparative results of various scenarios show that integrating 32 wind turbines, 2 electrolyzers, and 2 reverse osmosis units, with 25% of electricity going to electrolyzers, 20% to reverse osmosis, and 55% to the grid, is the most optimal configuration/allocation. Optimal locations for the power plant are identified in Visby, Halmstad, and Lund due to favorable wind conditions. Setting up the system in Visby could prevent 1878.2 tonnes of CO2 emissions, generate 93,910 MWh of electricity annually, and create 213 ha of green space. The proposed system in Visby could boast the biggest electricity generation capacity, reaching 11,263 MWh, sufficient to power 938 households. Scaling this model to 12 cities in Sweden could provide the electricity needs of 4500 households, demonstrating the potential for widespread impact.

Analisis Sistem Informasi Eksekutif Dalam Layanan Listrik Kantor Pelayanan Dan Unit Listrik Desa PT. PLN (Persero) Unit Induk Wilayah Kalimantan Selatan Dan Kalimantan Tengah

Customer service data in the service office and village electricity unit not managed properly because the system is currently used is limited to units on urban area only. Therefore a new system was built that could be used to manage electricity customer service data. In order to support this research, the method of data collection is carried out by means of interviews, library studies, analysis, system design, system building, testing and system implementation. This system makes it easy to manage customer electricity service data at the Village Service Office and Electric Unit and make it easier for Commerce Deputy Mechanism Managers and Revenue Assurance to monitor data for the purpose of executing customer service improvements in villages or sub-districts throughout South Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan.

Efficient Management of Containers for Software Defined Vehicles

Containerization technology, such as Docker, is gaining in popularity in newly established software-defined vehicle architectures (SDVA). However, executing those containers can quickly become computationally expensive in constrained environments, given the limited CPU, memory, and energy resources in the Electric Control Units (ECU) of SDVA. Consequently, the efficient management of these containers is crucial for enabling the on-demand usage of the applications in the vehicle based on the available resources while considering several constraints and priorities, including failure tolerance, security, safety, and comfort. In this paper, we propose a dynamic software container management approach for constrained environments such as embedded devices/ECUs in SDVA within smart cars. To address the conflicting objectives and constraints within the vehicle, we design a novel search-based approach based on multi-objective optimization. This approach facilitates the allocation, movement, or suspension of containers between ECUs in the cluster. Collaborating with our industry partner, Ford Motor Company, we evaluate our approach using different real-world software-defined scenarios. These scenarios involve using heterogeneous clusters of ECU devices in vehicles based on real-world software containers and use-case studies from the automotive industry. The experimental results demonstrate that our scheduler outperforms existing scheduling algorithms, including the default Docker scheduler -Spread- commonly used in automotive applications. Our proposed scheduler exhibits superior performance in terms of energy and resource cost efficiency. Specifically, it achieves a 35% reduction in energy consumption in power-saving mode compared to the scheduler employed by Ford Motor Company. Additionally, our scheduler effectively distributes workload among the ECUs in the cluster, minimizing resource usage, and dynamically adjusts to the real-time requirements and constraints of the car environment. This work will serve as a fundamental building block in the automotive industry to efficiently manage software containers in smart vehicles considering constraints and priorities in the real world.

Исследование существующих методов сушки увлажненной изоляции тяговых электродвигателей локомотива

Objective: consider the issue of increasing the reliability of electric locomotive traction motors, which depends on various factors. This article examines the factor of the impact of climate conditions on the operation of a locomotive. All attention is paid to the relevance of research into methods for drying the insulation of traction motors at the present time. It has been proven over many years of work that the most vulnerable part of the engine is insulation. All methods that are aimed at solving the assigned problems are listed. The article describes the principle of operation and technology of processes in each of these methods. From the proposed methods, efficiency indicators are derived from the perspective of technical and economic results, and some of their advantages and disadvantages are also noted. The article is based on a comparison of various methods that are aimed at solving current problems associated with increasing the reliability of traction rolling stock. Statistics on traction motor failures over the past three years are presented, and the reasons for moisture in the insulation of electric locomotive power equipment are described. The main methods and methods for drying moistened insulation used in VSZhD locomotive depots are listed, and the characteristics of each method are given. Methods: the method of statistical data and analytical review of the current state of the process of drying the insulation of traction rolling stock was applied. Results: the article lists the studies, experiments and results that evaluate the existing methods and methods of insulation drying processes on rolling stock. An updated method of three-cycle drying of moistened insulation of electrical machines has been developed, which is based on the use of electric heating units and provides for oscillatory energy supply. The task has been set to solve the optimal methods for removing moisture from the insulation of traction motors of electric locomotives based on the use of the convective method. Practical importance: based on the conducted research, the possibility of using the proposed three-cycle method for drying moistened insulation of electrical machines has been confirmed, which allows reducing energy costs for repairs and the time of the insulation drying process.

Enhanced resistive switching behaviors of organic resistive random access memory devices by adding polyethyleneimine interlayer

Organic nonvolatile memory devices have garnered significant attention as next-generation electrical memory units owing to their potential for low-cost and straightforward fabrication through a solution process. In this study, we successfully fabricated fully solution-processed organic resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices using poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as the resistive switching (RS) layer, with poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) employed as the top electrode. Additionally, to enhance performance further, a polyethyleneimine (PEIE) interlayer was introduced between the bottom electrode and the P3HT:PCBM RS layer. The resulting organic RRAM devices with the PEIE interlayer exhibited bipolar resistive switching, with improved endurance increasing from 50 to 100 cycles, a retention time of 103 s, and a low SET voltage of 0.7 V. The organic RRAM devices featuring the PEIE interlayer demonstrated superior RS performance attributed to the higher Schottky barrier at the interface between the bottom electrode and the active switching layer, creating an asymmetric structure. I–V curve fitting confirmed that the potential switching mechanism involved Schottky emission in the high-resistance state and Ohmic conduction in the low-resistance state. Our findings suggest that organic RRAM devices with a PEIE interlayer hold promise for stable nonvolatile memory applications.

Modelling and Optimization of Residential Electricity Load under Stochastic Demand

The paper considers a modelling framework for a set of households in residential areas; using electricity as a form of energy for domestic consumption. Considering the demand and availability of units for electricity consumption, optimal decisions for electricity load allocation are paramount to sustain energy management. We formulate this problem as a stochastic decision-making process model where electricity demand is characterized by Markovian demand. The loading and operational framework is governed by the demand and supply phenomena; where shortage costs are realized when demand exceeds supply. Empirical data for electricity consumption was collected from fifty households in two residential areas within the suburbs of Kampala in Uganda. Data collection was made at hourly intervals over a period of four months. The major problem focussed on determining an optimal electricity loading decision in order to minimize consumption costs as demand changes from one state to another. Considering a multi-period planning horizon, an optimal decision was determined for loading or not loading additional electricity units using Markov decision process approach. The model was tested; whose results demonstrated the existence of an optimal state-dependent decision and consumption costs considering the case study used in this study. The proposed model can be cost-effective for managers in the electricity industry. Improved efficiency and utilization of resources for the distribution systems of electricity to residential areas was realised; with subsequent enhanced reliability of service to essential customers of the energy market.

Ordered structures with Schottky heterojunction functional unit regulate immune response and osteogenesis

Mimicking the electric microenvironment of natural tissue is a promising strategy for developing biomedical implants. However, current research has not taken biomimetic electrical functional units into consideration when designing biomedical implants. In this research, ordered structures with Schottky heterojunction functional unit (OSSH) were constructed on titanium implant surfaces for bone regeneration regulation. The Schottky heterojunction functional unit is composed of periodically distributed titanium microdomain and titanium oxide microdomain with different carrier densities and surface potentials. The OSSH regulates the M2-type polarization of macrophages to a regenerative immune response by activating the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal pathway and further promotes osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. This work provides fundamental insights into the biological effects driven by the Schottky heterojunction functional units that can electrically modulate osteogenesis.

Performance, economic, and statistical analysis assessment for the hybrid solar dish concentrator with turbine, generator, and reverse osmosis desalination unit

The development of a thermodynamically modeled hybrid commercial solar dish with reverse osmosis is conducted in this study with a rated concentrate thermal and a receiver temperature of 853 °C. To simulate and assess the performance characteristics of the suggested TJ-SDC/RO hybrid system in the city of Tianjin-republic of China, a theoretical model was created and built with MATLAB application. A daily and yearly performance study of the TJ-SDC/RO system under investigation is accomplished. Furthermore, energy analysis viability is achieved in order to evaluate the TJ-SDC/RO system’s life cycle. According to the findings, the suggested TJ-SDC/RO system can produce enough desalinated water to meet daily changes in solar radiation. In June of Tianjin-China’s climate, the superior efficiency of the Rankine cycle was 33.92 %, while the SDC-RO system maximum cycle efficiency peaked at 24.95 % with minimum production costs per unit of electricity of 0.0902 $/kW.h and average water production costs yearly 7.09 $/m3. A mathematical model by Minitab commercial software of the nonlinear regression technique is used with an adjusted R2 of 0.99999485, which indicates the accuracy and reliability of the prediction correlation.

Performance evaluation and economic analysis of integrated solid oxide electrolyzer cell and proton exchange membrane fuel cell for power generation

In order to generate clean electricity from thermal energy, a hybrid electrochemical system is conceptually developed by coupling the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC). For evaluating the proposed hybrid system, firstly, the two subsystems are modeled numerically and then they are merged into an integrated SOEC-PEMFC system. Moreover, the SOEC-PEMFC is analytically modeled for further evaluation. The effects of important operational parameters are examined. The outcomes show that when the SOEC operating temperature increases from 823 to 1273 K, the efficiency increases from 18.7 % to 38 % and the net output power improves about 36 % while cost per unit of power of hybrid system decreases about 80 %. Furthermore, by increasing the PEMFC operating temperature from 323 to 348 K, the system net output power and efficiency increase about 16.7 % and 10 %, respectively, whilst the cost per unit of electricity decreases about 19 %. In addition by increasing operating pressure of system, the net output power and efficiency are also improved. The proposed system has maximum output power density of 3.9 kW.m−2 and maximum efficiency of 38 %. In addition, the SOEC-PEMFC system is compared with the previously studied proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cell-proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMEC-PEMFC) system. In comparison with the previous PEMEC-PEMFC system, the present system's cost per unit of power and efficiency are about 16 % and 17 % higher, respectively; while the output power density is about double that of the PEMEC-PEMFC system. Generally, because hydrogen-powered systems offer reliable operation from an economic and energetic perspective, the SOEC-PEMFC system represents a promising technological solution to the clean energy demands.

Critical expert analysis of permanent magnet synchronous motors identification methods and state variable observers

Relevance. In recent years, the oil industry has seen a tendency to transfer low-yield oil wells to intermittent mode. Unregulated electric drive and the open-loop controlled electric drive of electric centrifugal pumping with permanent magnet synchronous motors are typically not suitable for tasks of intermittent operation of wells. Due to objective reasons, there may not be smooth starts and required quality indicators of transient processes, which leads to even more reduction in oil production. The synthesis of a closed-loop electric drive control system of submersible installations is possible only using algorithms for indirect estimation of non-measured mechanical coordinates of the electric drive – state variables identification methods, observers of the rotor angular velocity and the load torque. The installation of sensors of angular velocity and torque on the shaft of the submersible electric motor is associated with technical difficulties, therefore, there is no need for significant modernization of the hardware solutions of the existing electrical equipment system. To date, the theory of identifying non-linear dynamic systems is widely used to derive an indirect estimate of the non-measured state variables of the permanent magnet synchronous motors. The large number of methods presented in scientific sources requires comparative analysis regarding their benefits and disadvantages in order to select the best identification method that meets the requirements of the oil production and takes into account its specificity and features. In this case, identification systems that are focused on minimizing computing power or operating in real time are given priority. Aim. To determine the best in terms of computational complexity and the convenience of practical use method of identifying state variables of permanent magnet synchronous motors operating in submersible oil well pumping units based on comparative analysis of existing methods presented in Russian and foreign sources. Methods. Methods for system analysis and identification of dynamic systems, a method of critical expert analysis. Result and conclusions. The most common methods for identifying and observing the state variables of synchronous motors with permanent magnets have been described in detail, given the general performance of each group of methods, their benefits and disadvantages were reviewed. By comparative critical expert analysis, it was found that for tasks of submersible electric centrifugal pump units electric drive a Luenberger observer, characterized by relatively low computational complexity and ease of setup in engineering practice can be recommended.

Design of New Heat Pump Dryer System: A Case Study in Drying Characteristics of Kitchen Waste

Existing kitchen waste treatment equipment primarily employs biological cultures for high-temperature fermentation of kitchen waste during the secondary decomposition stage. The temperature inside the fermentation chamber is mainly achieved by heating the air through electric heating tubes. However, this method of electric heating still possesses numerous shortcomings, such as high power consumption and significant energy loss. Given the aforementioned reasons, this article proposes a heat pump drying device specifically designed for the moisture removal process during the fermentation treatment of kitchen waste. This device effectively removes the moisture generated during the fermentation of kitchen waste and assists the electric heating unit in the biomass waste treatment equipment in heating the fermentation chamber, thereby reducing electricity consumption.The closed-loop heat pump drying system can continuously introduce hot, low-humidity air into the fermentation chamber through a circulating fan to remove moisture from kitchen waste.To investigate the dehumidification performance of this device, this article varies the airflow rate of the circulating fan in the heat pump drying system and the inlet water temperature of the plate heat exchanger, achieving changes in the airflow through the dehumidification evaporator and the condensation temperature of the system. Under experimental conditions, the range of the coefficient of performance (COP) achieved by the device is between 3.07 and 5.39; the specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) ranges from 0.62 to 1.81 Kg/(Kw·h), and the moisture removal rate (Mr) ranges from 1.9 Kg/h to 8.2 Kg/h.

Techno-economic performance assessment of selected power plants in Uganda

ABSTRACT Amidst the current global pursuit for access to energy by all as well as energy transition, the actual performance of existing power plants, particularly in developing countries, has often attracted little interest in scientific research. This study evaluated the performance of selected power plants in Uganda using the techno-economic performance assessment model based on actual operational data of hydropower, solar photovoltaic, cogeneration, and thermal power plants for the period 2010–2021. The analysis revealed that the average combined capacity factors are 19.8%, 22.9%, 18.4% and 58.6%, respectively, for thermal power plants, co-generation power plants, solar power plants and hydropower power plants. Furthermore, the levelised cost of electricity for the selected power plants’ financial performance is found to be lower than the retail price for a unit of electricity in Uganda. Overall, the study revealed that the real-life techno-economic performance of the selected power plants in Uganda agrees with the globally expected performance ranges.

Direct calibration of a true-rms ac voltmeter against a He-free pulsed Josephson standard

Starting from 2019 a new central role is played by quantum standards, owing to the redefined SI, where electrical units are directly linked to the fundamental constants e (elementary charge) and h (Planck constant). Thus, metrologists are nowadays trying to extend the astonishing accuracy attainable in dc measurements to ac and beyond, moving towards calibrations aiming quantum ac voltage generation. Programmable Josephson Voltage Standards are nowadays capable of fulfilling primary metrology requirements only for stepwise-approximated voltage signals up to few hundreds Hz. Pulsed Josephson standards are instead capable of generating arbitrary waveforms at higher frequencies, so are generally called Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Standards (JAWS). Despite of the lower attainable voltage, JAWS are very promising and are the subject of intense research activity. In particular, the capability of generating high spectral purity signals allows high accuracy measurements especially at the low voltage levels (<100mV rms), which are challenging to be performed by the traditional ac-dc transfer difference using thermal converters. We report in the following about our setup for quantum-based calibrations of a true-rms ac voltmeter with low uncertainty, first results obtained and unsolved issues.

Knowledge is power: Electric vehicle calculator for cold climates

We used crowdsourced data in Alaska and the literature to develop a light-duty electric vehicle model to help policymakers, researchers, and consumers understand the trade-offs between internal combustion and electric vehicles. This model forms the engine of a calculator, which was developed in partnership with residents from three partner Alaskan communities. This calculator uses a typical hourly temperature profile for any chosen community in Alaska along with a relationship of energy use vs. temperature while driving or while parked to determine the annual cost and emissions for an electric vehicle. Other user inputs include miles driven per day, electricity rate, and whether the vehicle is parked in a heated space. A database of community power plant emissions per unit of electricity is used to determine emissions based on electricity consumption. This tool was updated according to community input on ease of use, relevance, and usefulness. It could easily be adapted to other regions of the world. The incorporation of climate, social, and economic inputs allow us to holistically capture real world situations and adjust as the physical and social environment changes.

Oxy-hydrogen, solar and wind assisted hydrogen ([formula omitted]) recovery from municipal plastic waste (MPW) and saltwater electrolysis for better environmental systems and ocean cleanup

The pyrolysis of plastic waste and the electrolysis of saltwater is a promising route to carbon neutrality in ocean cleanup and plastic waste management. Therefore, a solar and wind assisted H2-fuelled fast pyrolysis of MPW (municipal plastic waste) and electrolysis of desalinated saline were developed. The combined system uses an oxy-hydrogen furnace for thermal decomposition of MPW feed, CO2 as an inert reaction medium and both solar and wind energy systems to operate the electrical units. The deionised H2O feed to the electrolyser cell was produced from saltwater using the recovered heat from the fast pyrolyser unit. The process CO2 was captured and reused for soil improvement as current waste-to-energy routes of MPW recycling emit 695,850 tonnes of CO2. 2.65 kg/hrH2 fuel in an O2 environment was utilised to meet the decomposer operating temperature and heat duty which is approximately 29 % of the produced H2. Instability associated with bio-oil was prevented by using fast pyrolysis which release more volatiles. Compared to the related studies, this investigated work achieved the highest gas and carbon yields. Thermal NO < 0.1 ppm was recorded. The developed system is expected to reach ≥70 % energy efficiency and a sales price of < $3.89/kgH2.

A robust real-time energy scheduling strategy of integrated energy system based on multi-step interval prediction of uncertainties

The uncertainties of renewable energies and loads in integrated energy system (IES) result in unstable operation and performance degradation. To consider the impact of the uncertainties, the scheduling strategies of IES with the prediction of uncertainties are required. This paper designs a hybrid solar and gas turbine IES, in which the thermal and electrical storage units are integrated to address the uncertainties. A robust real-time energy scheduling strategy is proposed according to the real-time load and the predicted loads in the future time, in which the errors of multi-step interval prediction of renewable sources and loads are combined. The multi-step prediction method based on gated recurrent unit and time classification is constructed for the interval prediction of uncertain sources and loads by analyzing the probability statistics of prediction errors. In the robust optimization, the penalty factors of time sequences are proposed and considered to decrease the influences of future predicted information on current real-time scheduling, in which the future uncertainties in larger interval with current time has less influence. The optimal results in the hybrid IES demonstrate that the daily operation cost is 13.67 % lower than the method that does not consider the prediction parameters. Compared to the traditional scheduling strategies, the proposed strategy declines the operation cost by 2.93 %. The analysis of the confidence level of predictions ranging from 60 % to 98 % illustrates that the operation cost under the penalty factor of 0.94 is the lowest when the confidence level is from 94 % to 96 %.