Electric Transfer Research Articles

THE DESIGN OF A ROTATING MODULAR UPPER LIMB PROSTHETIC WRIST UNIT

This design study investigates a Prosthetic Wrist Unit for upper limb amputations using the Design Thinking methodology. It covers Problem Definition, Information Gathering, Concept Generation and Evaluation, Product Architecture, Configuration Design, Parametric Design, Detail Design, and Production. The study aims to create a small prosthetic wrist unit (50 mm diameter, 50 mm length, less than 125 gr), provides 360° rotation, connects easily with prosthetic hands, enables electric and data transfer, and is controllable via EMG sensors. This research contributes to prosthetic product design, enhancing the quality of life for amputees.

Design and DFT study of new nano buds from the combination of C60 fullerene and nanobowl

In this research, new nano buds of C60 fullerene compound and nanobowls were designed and their structure, electrical properties and optical properties were calculated. The absence of imaginary frequency and high cohesive energies is proof of stability and confirmation of the possibility of their formation. Calculation of the relative population showed that the E configuration is the dominant population. The calculation of electrical properties showed that combining the structures with each other improves the electrical properties of nanobuds. The highest electric charge transfer from nanobowl to C60 was observed in the configuration of C nanobuds. A high improvement in NLO properties was observed in all nanobud configurations. Calculating the contribution of the dispersion term in the energy of the nanobuds showed that compared to the parents, larger dispersion energy was obtained for the designed nanobuds (especially configuration E). It was shown that the energy of nano buds and their parents decreases in the presence of solvents. The decrease in energy as a function of increasing the dielectric constant of the solvents may be due to the increase in the dipole moments of the nanobud as a result of the electron transfer from the nanobowl to the C60 fullerene.

Electroactive covalent linkers for enhancing conducting polymer adhesion, charge transfer, and biological integration of PEDOT-coated carbon microfibers

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-coated carbon microfibers (PCMFs) are a key technology for developing advanced neuroprosthetic electrodes and electroactive tissue scaffolds. However, for their successful application in human therapeutics, PEDOT adhesion to the carbon substrate must be enhanced without compromising electric charge transfer. Here, electrically functional linkers are synthesized to modify the surface at the nanoscale, facilitating the covalent bonding of EDOT to carbon. The properties of the resulting microfibers are compared before and after PEDOT polymerization. PCMFs deterioration is studied by applying controlled mechanical stress in vitro or by implanting them in the rodent spinal cord in vivo. Amino phenyl-EDOT derivatives allow for efficient covalent carbon surface functionalization and PEDOT electropolymerization but substantially reduce charge transfer as assessed by chronopotentiometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Nevertheless, the azido-EDOT (EDOT-Ph-N3) derivative is similarly effective for carbon surface modification, enabling PEDOT polymerization to develop a nanostructured CMF surface based on robust covalent bonds, and enhancing both electric charge transfer and PEDOT adhesion to the carbon substrate. This makes PCMFs more resistant to polymer delamination when assessed in vitro or when implanted into the neural tissue. Azido-EDOT modified PCMFs also show excellent biological integration within the spinal cord, causing negligible tissue damage and cell reactivity. Overall, azido-EDOT provides a superior electroconducting linker for anchoring PEDOT and optimizes the electrical, mechanical, and biological performance of PCMFs.

Electric Stimulation at 448 kHz Modulates Proliferation and Differentiation of Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells

Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) regulate the hair cycle and play important roles in hair growth and regeneration. Alopecia is a pathology caused by a deregulation in the hair cycle phases. Currently, the use of physical therapies such as radiofrequency (RF) as an alternative to pharmacological treatment is increasing. Electrical stimulation by capacitive resistive electrical transfer (CRET) is one of these therapies. The objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of RF-CRET currents on DPCs. Cells were treated with subthermal 448 kHz CRET currents with two different types of signals: standard (CRET-STD) or modulated (CRET-MOD). Viability (XTT Assay), proliferation (Ki67 and ERK1/2), apoptosis (p53 and caspase 3), differentiation (β-catenin and α-SMA), and anagen markers (versican and PPARγ) were analyzed by immunofluorescence and immunoblot. CRET caused effects on the proliferation and survival of DPCs associated with increases in the expression of p-MAPK-ERK1/2, cyclin D1, and decreases in the expression of p53 and caspase 3. Also, CRET caused significant transient increases in the expression of β-catenin, involved in hair growth, and in the expression of anagen phase markers such as versican and PPARγ related to hair follicle maintenance. The present study highlights the ability of treatment with CRET therapy to cause molecular alterations in DPC involved in hair regeneration.

Dual-gate AlGaN channel HEMTs: advancements in E-mode performance with N-shaped graded composite barriers

Abstract This work evaluates the performance of dual gate AlGaN channel HEMTs on SiC substrate. The study analyzes two HEMT structures that differ only in barrier design, one design consists of fixed composite barriers (FCB-HEMT) i.e. there is fixed Aluminum composition x = 0.48 in the first Al x Ga1−x N barrier and x = 0.42 in the second Al x Ga1−xN barrier while the other design comprises N-shaped graded composite barriers (NGCB-HEMT) i.e. the Aluminum content varies gradually from 0.4 to 0.48 in the first AlGaN barrier and from 0.34 to 0.42 in the second AlGaN barrier. The paper concentrates on energy band diagrams, electron concentration profile, electric field distribution, drain and transfer characteristics, and the effects of high temperature on drain characteristics and mobility of the NGCB-HEMT. It has been reported that at zero gate bias, the FCB-HEMT has a drain current density of 0.137 A mm−1 while it decreases to 0.0058 A mm−1 in the case of NGCB-HEMT, thus presenting a novel approach towards enhancement-mode AlGaN HEMTs. Hence, grading can be optimized in the composite barriers to achieve enhancement mode operation of AlGaN channel HEMTs. Furthermore, the study reveals that the critical electric field of FCB-HEMT is 6.9975 M V cm−1, while that of NGCB-HEMT is 5.3124 M V cm−1, demonstrating their usefulness in electronic devices that operate at high voltages and harsh temperatures. Moreover, at higher temperatures, the phenomenon of optical phonon scattering leads to decreased mobilities, which in turn causes low drain currents relative to the drain voltage.

Built-in electric field-driven electron transfer behavior at Ru-RuP2 heterointerface fosters efficient and CO-resilient alkaline hydrogen oxidation

Exploiting a cost-effective electrocatalyst for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) with high-performance and CO poisoning resistance is essential for the widespread application of alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Herein, we craft a unique Ru-RuP2 heterostructure within hollow mesoporous carbon sphere (Ru-RuP2@C) using phosphide-controlled phase-transition approach. Benefiting from the interfacial electron transfer from RuP2 to Ru, the Ru-RuP2@C electrocatalyst exhibits impressive HOR performance with a mass activity of 2.87 mA μgRu−1. Notably, Ru-RuP2@C demonstrates strong tolerance to 1000 ppm CO, a capability lacking in PtRu/C and Pt/C. When serves as an anode catalyst for AEMFC, it achieves a peak power density of 521 mW cm−2, comparable to Pt/C. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that the built-in electric field, resulting from work function differences, creates an asymmetric charge distribution that modulates the d-band center of Ru-RuP2@C. This optimizes the adsorption strength of hydrogen and hydroxide intermediates, thereby accelerating HOR catalytic kinetics.

Role of Exogenous Pyruvate in Maintaining Adenosine Triphosphate Production under High-Glucose Conditions through PARP-Dependent Glycolysis and PARP-Independent Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle.

Pyruvate serves as a key metabolite in energy production and as an anti-oxidant. In our previous study, exogenous pyruvate starvation under high-glucose conditions induced IMS32 Schwann cell death because of the reduced glycolysis-tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Thus, this study focused on poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) to investigate the detailed molecular mechanism of cell death. Rucaparib, a PARP inhibitor, protected Schwann cells against cell death and decreased glycolysis but not against an impaired TCA cycle under high-glucose conditions in the absence of pyruvate. Under such conditions, reduced pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity and glycolytic and mitochondrial ATP production were observed but not oxidative phosphorylation or the electric transfer chain. In addition, rucaparib supplementation restored glycolytic ATP production but not PDH activity and mitochondrial ATP production. No differences in the increased activity of caspase 3/7 and the localization of apoptosis-inducing factor were found among the experimental conditions. These results indicate that Schwann cells undergo necrosis rather than apoptosis or parthanatos under the aforementioned conditions. Exogenous pyruvate plays a pivotal role in maintaining the flux in PARP-dependent glycolysis and the PARP-independent TCA cycle in Schwann cells under high-glucose conditions.

Influence of irregular fiber filling on the performance of hollow fiber membrane modules for cold water production

The countercurrent hollow fiber membrane-based evaporative water cooler (MEWC) offers an eco-friendly and compact solution for cold water generation. This study introduces a random sequential addition algorithm to model the real-world irregular fiber filling within the MEWC. Inspired by the honeycomb structure, the developed 3-D numerical model adopts a calculation unit featuring a hexagonal prism comprising multiple fibers. Validation against experimental data reveals an average relative error of 2.81 % concerning outlet water temperature. The effects of fiber filling patterns (regular layout and random layout) on the velocity and temperature fields of the MEWC are investigated. Comparisons of outlet water temperature, cooling efficiency, consumptive electric power ratio, and heat and mass transfer resistance composition between these layouts under various operating conditions are conducted. The results indicate that the random layout fosters severe channeling effect and large flow dead zones, impairing air side heat and moisture transfer. The random layout exhibits over 15.9 % reduction in cooling efficiency and 36.3 % decrease in consumptive electric power ratio compared to the regular layout. Irregular fiber filling leads to a notable 158.6 % increase in air side heat transfer resistance and a 35.9 % rise in mass transfer resistance. Although irregular filling compromises the cooling performance, it demonstrates potential for energy savings under certain conditions. Design schemes should be carefully tailored to meet specific application requirements by considering these trade-offs.

Radiofrequency Currents Modulate Inflammatory Processes in Keratinocytes.

Keratinocytes play an essential role in the inflammatory phase of wound regeneration. In addition to migrating and proliferating for tissue regeneration, they produce a large amount of cytokines that modulate the inflammatory process. Previous studies have shown that subthermal treatment with radiofrequency (RF) currents used in capacitive resistive electric transfer (CRET) therapy promotes the proliferation of HaCat keratinocytes and modulates their cytokine production. Although physical therapies have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of experimental models and in patients, knowledge of the biological basis of these effects is still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CRET on keratinocyte proliferation, cytokine production (IL-8, MCP-1, RANTES, IL-6, IL-11), TNF-α secretion, and the expression of MMP9, MMP1, NF-κB, ERK1/2, and EGFR. Human keratinocytes (HaCat) were treated with an intermittent 448 kHz electric current (CRET signal) in subthermal conditions and for different periods of time. Cell proliferation was analyzed by XTT assay, cytokine and TNF-α production by ELISA, NF-κB expression and activation by immunofluorescence, and MMP9, MMP1, ERK1/2, and EGF receptor expression and activation by immunoblot. Compared to a control, CRET increases keratinocyte proliferation, increases the transient release of MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 while decreasing IL-8. In addition, it modifies the expression of MMPs and activates EGFR, NF-κB, and ERK1/2 proteins. Our results indicate that CRET reasonably modifies cytokine production through the EGF receptor and the ERK1/2/NF-κB pathway, ultimately modulating the inflammatory response of human keratinocytes.

Impedance Spectroscopy Study of Charge Transfer in the Bulk and Across the Interface in Networked SnO2/Ga2O3 Core–Shell Nanobelts in Ambient Air

Metal oxide core–shell fibrous nanostructures are promising gas-sensitive materials for the detection of a wide variety of both reducing and oxidizing gases. In these structures, two dissimilar materials with different work functions are brought into contact to form a coaxial heterojunction. The influence of the shell material on the transportation of the electric charge carriers along these structures is still not very well understood. This is due to homo-, hetero- and metal/semiconductor junctions, which make it difficult to investigate the electric charge transfer using direct current methods. However, in order to improve the gas-sensing properties of these complex structures, it is necessary to first establish a good understanding of the electric charge transfer in ambient air. In this article, we present an impedance spectroscopy study of networked SnO2/Ga2O3 core–shell nanobelts in ambient air. Tin dioxide nanobelts were grown directly on interdigitated gold electrodes, using the thermal sublimation method, via the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism. Two forms of a gallium oxide shell of varying thickness were prepared via halide vapor-phase epitaxy (HVPE), and the impedance spectra were measured at 189–768 °C. The bulk resistance of the core–shell nanobelts was found to be reduced due to the formation of an electron accumulation layer in the SnO2 core. At temperatures above 530 °C, the thermal reduction of SnO2 and the associated decrease in its work function caused electrons to flow from the accumulation layer into the Ga2O3 shell, which resulted in an increase in bulk resistance. The junction resistance of said core–shell nanostructures was comparable to that of SnO2 nanobelts, as both structures are likely connected through existing SnO2/SnO2 homojunctions comprising thin amorphous layers.

A simple route of providing a soft interface for PEDOT: PSS film metallic electrodes without loss of their electrical interface parameters

The work presents the development of a soft interface at PEDOT:PSS film without changing its electrical interface parameters. In the first step, PEDOT:PSS is electrodeposited on the commercial platinum electrode under the state-of-the-art conditions desirable for different electrochemical electrodes. Secondly, a pure hydrogel layer is deposited on the top of the electrodeposited PEDOT:PSS film under conditions that provide desirable mechanical properties (Young's modulus ∼10–20 kPa) and high permeability to ions from the solution. As a result, a PEDOT:PSS electrode with a soft interface desirable for different electrode applications is fabricated. The electrode exhibits electrical parameters at the same level as the state-of-the-art PEDOT:PSS film applied already for electrode applications. Moreover, the hydrogel layer additionally supports the polymeric film's electrochemical stability by inhibiting its oxidative degradation. The thickness of PEDOT film does not affect the overall electrochemical properties of the hydrogel electrode. The work shows that the specific choice of the hydrogel type and fabrication conditions allows to synthesis of the hydrogel interface on a stiff polymeric film, which does not block the ionic and electrical transfer. Moreover, the fabricated PEDOT:PSS electrode with hydrogel interface reveals interfacial impedance and potential window comparable or even better to the already published studies on PEDOT:PSS hydrogels.

Enhanced electric vehicle battery management system employing bat algorithm with chaotic diversification strategies

AbstractAs the demand for electric vehicles (EV) continues to increase, the need for effective charging and switching of battery systems becomes more important. This article presents a method using the Bat Algorithm (BA) improved by chaotic diversification as well as social education to optimize the power source replacement and the electric vehicle charging procedure. The plan is intended to solve the issues of payment delay and battery management failure. The algorithm searches for better positions by combining chaotic diversity, while social learning supports the coordination of battery stations. Thanks to extensive simulation and real‐world testing, our approach shows significant improvements in optimization and a reduced payback period. The results show that the suggested approach outperforms the current algorithms in terms of rotation speed and good solution. This research supports the development of efficient transportation by providing practical solutions to increase the efficiency of electric vehicle transfer and payment and ultimately encourage greater effort.

Recent research progress of MOFs-based heterostructures for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

The growing serious energy crisis and environmental pollution expedite the development of green hydrogen energy. Photocatalytic water splitting technology, converting solar energy into chemical energy directly, provides a clean and economical way for hydrogen evolution. For the past few years, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) semiconductor materials have become a research hotspot in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) due to their multiple advantages, including adjustable structure, high porosity, large specific surface area, abundant active sites, and so forth. Besides this, the construction of heterogeneous structures based on MOFs materials can further improve PHE performance through the effective internal electric field directional transfer of photogenerated electrons and the superior utilization rate of sunlight in comparison to the single MOFs photocatalyst. Herein, in this minireview, we summed up the varieties of synthesis methods of diverse types of MOFs heterojunction complex materials, discussed the H2 evolution efficiency based on this heterostructure photocatalyst in detail, and lastly proposed the advantages, limitations, and outlook of MOFs composites in the PHE field. We sincerely hope this review can provide a reference for future research based on MOFs materials for alleviating the current energy crisis.

High sulfur content cathode composites utilizing the Li(CB9H10)0.7(CB11H12)0.3 superionic conductor for all−solid−state Li−S batteries

Rechargeable batteries are encountering ever−growing demands for further improvements in energy density and safety. All−solid−state lithium−sulfur (Li−S) batteries have the potential to meet these demands, because they employ not only high−energy−density electrodes but also non−flammable inorganic solid electrolytes. However, the sluggish conducting nature of the S cathode results in high electric transfer barriers, making high S content in solid−state cathode composites difficult. In this study, we report the fabrication and reaction behavior of high S content cathode composites using a Li(CB9H10)0.7(CB11H12)0.3 superionic conductor. The lithium superionic conduction, high deformability, and low material density of Li(CB9H10)0.7(CB11H12)0.3 solid electrolyte facilitate intimate and favorable connections with sulfur and carbon, leading to facile electrical migrations within sulfur−Li(CB9H10)0.7(CB11H12)0.3−carbon (S−CH−C) composites. In battery tests, these close interconnections enable the fabrication of S−CH−C cathode composites through simple physical hand−mixing, allowing for reversible discharge−charge cycling of all−solid−state Li−S batteries engaging high energy density (>1,000 Wh kg−1cathode composite) S−CH−C cathode composites with a high S content of 50 wt%. In addition, a comparative investigation using various carbonaceous conductive materials suggests that simultaneously achieving high surface area, nanoparticle size, and non−spherical rough morphology is crucial for developing high S content S−CH−C composites with superior battery performances.

Study of electric field-enhanced mass transfer and Li/Mg separation of N, N-bis (1-methylheptyl) acetamide/TBP-NaFeCl4 composite membrane

Using N,N-bis(1-methylheptyl)acetamide (N503) synergized with TBP-NaFeCl4 (TFe), a ternary composite extraction membrane known as TFeN-PIM was created. Under optimum membrane phase conditions, the mass transfer properties of TFeN-PIM-Li(Ⅰ) and its Li/Mg selective separation performance by electric field augmentation were examined, and confirmed the mechanism of TFeN-PIM-Li(Ⅰ) electric field enhanced mass transfer. The findings demonstrate a homogeneous distribution of [FeCl4-] in the TFeN-PIM membrane phase and a decrease in the water contact angle as the TFe content increases. In the TFeN-PIM membrane, the cation binding order of the composite carrier was H+>Li+>Na+>Mg2+, and the mass transfer was carried out at the interface of the two phases of the membrane through the mechanism of "cation exchange-neutralization", in which Li(Ⅰ) was bonded with the carrier in the form of 2N503-LiFeCl4-2TBP, and showed a fixed-site "hopping" mass transfer characteristics under the reinforcement of electric field. The mass transfer process of the TFeN-PIM- Li(Ⅰ) system under electric field enhancement conforms to the first-order kinetic rate equation, and the voltage (5–45 V) is positively correlated with the permeability coefficient PLi(Ⅰ) but decreases the Li/Mg selectivity of TFeN-PIM. The SLi(Ⅰ)/Mg(Ⅱ) of TFeN-PIM was 9.18 at 3 V. After three cycles of 72 h cycling at 40 V, the decrease rate of PLi(Ⅰ) was <7.42 %, which showed good stability.

Magnetized microcilia-based triboelectric nanogenerators with mechanoluminescence for energy harvesting and signal sensing

Flexible triboelectric nanogenerators with multimodal sensing capabilities have received considerable attention due to their potential for the development of wearable technology. However, the accurate and reliable display of motion trajectories represents a significant challenge. The structure design of the triboelectric nanogenerators yarn with magnetized microcilia and mechanoluminescence (MLY-TENG) was designed, which can be woven into the fabric of display force trajectories. The positive electrode is constructed by the braided yarn with a porous structure, consisting of polyurethane formed by wet spinning. Meanwhile, the flexible negative electrode is designed by the recombination of magnetized microcilia and the mechanoluminescent structure of polydimethylsiloxane, matching with the porous structure of the positive electrode, which enhances the electric transfer. At a compression depth of 100 %, compression frequency of 5 Hz, and magnetized powder of 50 wt%, the proposed MLY-TENG shows the triboelectric properties of 109.2 V and exhibits excellent cyclic stability. Furthermore, the magnetized microcilia on the luminescent magnetized microcilia (LMM) film with the polyurethane-copper-polyurethane (PWP)-based fabric (MLF-TENG) distinguishes the shape and area of object recognition with electrical signals and visual sensing of mechanoluminescence. The MLY-TENG offers the possibility of the development of advanced visualization techniques for wearable electronic devices.

Enhancing Electrical Generator Efficiency through Advanced Technologies Flotation Magnets, Sealed Vacuums, and Liquid Hydrogen Cooling.

In the scientific endeavour to enhance the efficiency of modern electrical generators, three innovative technologies: flotation magnets, sealed vacuums, and liquid hydrogen-cooled electrical energy transfer wires offer electrical engineers promising solutions to the classical problems of entropic energy loss. These three technologies aim to reduce friction at moving components points of contact, reduce or negate air resistance to moving turbines, and achieve a state of near-zero electrical resistance in the wires which transfer this energy to storage devices. This paper explores how potentially these advanced electrical engineering techniques can be integrated into the current design and operation of electrical turbine generators, with the scope of potentially revolutionising their output performance and entropic energy efficiency.

Boosting the Electrical Transfer by Molybdenum Doping for Robust and Flexible NiSe-Based Supercapacitor.

NiSe is a promising electrode material for enhancing the energy density of supercapacitors, but it faces challenges such as sensitivity to electrolyte anions, limited specific capacity, and unstable cycling. This study employs a strategy of metal atom doping to address these issues. Through a hydrothermal reaction, Mo-doped NiSe demonstrates significant improvement in electrochemical performance, exhibiting high capacity (799.90Cg-1), splendid rate performance, and excellent cyclic stability (90% capacity retention). The introduction of Mo induces charge redistribution in NiSe, leading to a reduction in the band gap. Theoretical calculation reveals that Mo doping can effectively enhance the electrical conductivity and the adsorption energy of NiSe. A flexible printed hybrid Mo-doped NiSe-based supercapacitor is fabricated, demonstrating superior electrochemical performance (367.04mFcm-2) and the ability to power timers, LEDs, and toy fans. This research not only deepens the understanding of the electrochemical properties of metal-doped NiSe but also highlights its application potential in high-performance supercapacitors.

Effect of decision-making principle on P2G–CCS–CHP complementary energy system based on IGDT considering energy uncertainty

As one of the most promising large-scale de-fossilization technologies currently available, Power-to-Gas (P2G) is expected to promote utilization of renewable sources and mitigate the effects of greenhouse gas. Through the coupling of P2G, Combined Heat and Power (CHP) as well as Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), the P2G–CCS–CHP microgrid energy system could achieve hierarchical energy transfer and green-powered interconversion of gas, electricity and heat flows. However, the conversion of multiple energy shapes between different facilities is deeply intertwined with renewable energy sources, greatly increasing risk of unbalance operation and impacting the overall robustness and economic viability of system. To address these challenges, this study proposes a decision-making framework based on Information Gap Decision Theory (IGDT) method for a P2G–CCS–CHP system. The real-time balancing of heat & power loads and supply, the mechanism of gas-electricity-heat interaction, as well as recycling pattern of synthetic fuel within the system are carefully addressed to achieve optimal operation. Different scheduling schemes are obtained by setting up two separating decision principles, namely risk-seeking (RS) and risk-avoiding (RA), to solve these uncertainties and ensure robust decision making. Meanwhile, adaptability of decision-making methodology is analyzed based on several criteria including share of recycled green-powered fuel, ecological friendliness, carbon trading benefit, etc. Results show that adding of P2G module enables a 12.6% reduction in carbon emissions and generates 1252.2 kg of green powered gas, highlighting the eco-friendly nature of the multi energy system (MES). About 21.5% of the renewable energy flows participate the interconversion of electric-heat-gas and about 17.7% of total carbon flow is circulated as synthetic fuel within the system. In addition, conservative tendency is witnessed in the case of risk-seeking decision mode, leading to an approximate 13.22% increase in the operation costs, compared with risk-avoiding mode. The proposed IGDT decision strategy has shown significant compatibility in dealing with the impact of multiple uncertainties.

Conformal sulfidation of HKUST-1 for constructing porous Cu2S/CuO octahedrons realizing highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose detection

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are believed to be promising precursors for constructing novel and efficient catalysts for glucose sensing. Herein, HKUST-1 precursors are first fabricated using a one-pot hydrothermal approach, and then HKUST-1 is converted into porous Cu2S/CuO octahedrons through conformal sulfidation with the help of OH− ions. The as-obtained Cu2S/CuO composite can provide rich electrochemical active sites and promoted electric transfer kinetics. Benefiting from these combined merits, the as-fabricated Cu2S/CuO composite is confirmed to be a high-performance catalyst, with high sensitivities of 8269.45 and 4140.82 μA mM−1cm−2 in the corresponding ranges of 0.05 ∼ 0.6 mM and 0.6 ∼ 1.2 mM, respectively. Moreover, the as-prepared electrode materials possess good anti-interference ability, reproducibility and long-term stability. This work opens up new avenues for the design and preparation of transition metal sulfide composites.