Electric Lighting Research Articles

Effect of Standard versus Advanced Dimmable Lighting Systems on the Circadian Rhythms of Hospital Personnel

ABSTRACT The health of shift workers is seriously compromised due to circadian rhythm disruption. Not only do these shift workers lack sufficient exposure to natural light, the main circadian rhythm synchronizer, but they are also exposed to static electric lighting environments with the same luminous flux intensity throughout the entire night. Advances in lighting design make the accurate control of flux and spectra of electric lighting possible, allowing settings to be optimized for the appropriate regulation of circadian rhythms while also ensuring task performance. This research aims to quantify the effect of advanced lighting systems on the biological clock of nurses working night shifts in intensive care units, by replacing the fluorescent fixtures with dimmable luminaires. Diurnal and nocturnal levels of the main urine metabolite of melatonin, 6-sulfatoximelatonin, were assayed and a perception test of sleep quality and work performance was also carried out. The results show that the use of LED dimmable lighting results in an improvement in melatonin and cortisol levels of night shift workers, as well as improved concentration and sleep quality.

Evaluation study of solar powered public street lighting as battery charging at Islamic Center based on PSIM

Electrical energy is essential for the growth and advancement of technological knowledge that continues to increase. Solar cells are devices that convert solar energy through photovoltaic devices. Solar cell public street lighting (PJUBS) uses unlimited and free solar energy, is a feasible and cheap alternative to providing electric lighting. The Islamic center mosque is one of the places of worship for the majority of Muslims in the city of Lhokseumawe using public street lighting to support public security and safety. Installation of lamps for lighting is installed at several points, namely right, left or in the middle of the road, as needed, including flyovers, underpasses, and bridges. Public street lighting that is efficient and environmentally friendly is in accordance with SNI 7391: 2008. In this study, the lamps used in this evaluation study are solar types with a power of 50 Watts. The calculation results show that the illumination produced at the end of the road when using a 50 Watt solar LED lamp is 0.29 lux so that this does not comply with the provisions of BSN SNI 7391: 2008. This condition is influenced by several factors, namely surface temperature, shadows, inclination angle, light intensity, irradiation, and the condition of the panel surface in order to maximize the conversion value of sunlight into electrical energy

Analysis of Building Electrical Lighting System Tomohon City Regional Drink Water Company

This study aims to see whether the electrical lighting installation at the Regional Drinking Water Company (Indonesian, abbreviated as PDAM) of Tomohon City follows the General Requirements for Electrical Installations (abbreviated as PUIL) or vice versa. Using the analysis approach, direct observation was performed at the research site, and after performing the study, it was discovered that many electrical lighting installation requirements did not satisfy PUIL. Following the measurements and calculations, it was found that none of the lighting in building A met PUIL standards, while for building B, there was only 1 room whose lighting met PUIL standards. Furthermore, there were several rooms where the lights were not installed. Of course, this can affect the daily activities in the room. From the results of the study, it is inevitable that the electrical lighting installation in the PDAM building in Tomohon City must be repaired immediately and should follow the applicable PUIL.

Implementation of Contextual Learning Improves the Lighting Installation Learning Outcomes of Students of SMKN 1 Tomohon

This study is expected to improve learning outcomes. Electrical lighting installation for grade XII students using a contextual learning model during the 2022–2023 academic year. The study was conducted in two cycles, with planning, implementation, action, observation/evaluation, and reflection as components of each cycle. This study involved 30 grade XII TITL students. The collected data were analyzed through test techniques. It was analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques. The results of the study showed that the average student learning outcomes in cycle 1 in the electrical lighting installation component were 67.4% in the moderate category, which in cycle 2 increased to 80% in the high category, indicating an increase of 85.66%. Thus, the contextual learning model has been proven to improve the learning outcomes of grade XII TITL students at SMKN 1 Tomohon in the 2022–2023 academic year.

Application of pre-programmed lighting control scenarios: A mixed-methods pilot study in Swedish residential environments

Everyday light exposure plays a vital role in circadian entrainment, especially during twilight. Electric lighting can supplement daylight anytime, enabling unlimited human activity; hence, many struggle to combine a healthy sleep regime with social constraints. Dusk/dawn simulators have been developed to compensate for the lack of twilight exposure and are typically applied in residential environments, where people usually sleep. Innovations in tuneable lighting control enable home-integrated dusk/dawn simulation, but it is essential to understand their performance and acceptance in real-life situations. A pilot field study was executed in 14 Swedish apartments and tested 3 lighting control scenarios for effects on behaviour, well-being and sleep patterns during the winter. Data were collected using wearable actigraphy, weekly surveys and interviews. The light intervention influenced wake- and bedtimes and contributed to slightly more consistent sleep schedules. Subjective responses emphasised that the dawn simulation assisted in a calm and peaceful wake-up, providing extra time for morning activities. The dusk simulation was a reminder to go to bed, but not all participants appreciated the light quality. Satisfaction and acceptance of the pre-programmed dusk/dawn control system were very high, provided there would be increased control for the residents.

Engaging electrical lighting installation classes: Android interactive learning media development with Adobe Animate CC

This study aims to develop android-based interactive learning media for Electrical Lighting Installation subjects by using Adobe Animate CC. The research was conducted in response to the limited variation of learning media, which has affected student engagement and motivation in technical subjects. The Research and Development (R&D) model, adapting a 3D out of 4D model (Define, Design, Develop) was referred to develop interactive media designed for vocational students. The media integrates audiovisual elements to enhance students' learning experiences and promote independent learning outside the classroom. The validation process utilized questionnaires, interviews, and observations from content experts, media experts, and students. The media was validated by experts in two stages. In the first stage, the media achieved a feasibility score of 68%, categorized as "fairly good." After revisions, the second validation showed an improvement with a feasibility score of 85.33%, categorized as "very good". The results indicate that the Android-based learning media potentially enhance the learning process of Electrical Lighting Installation subjects effectively, providing a more engaging and flexible tool for students. This innovation significantly contributes to improving the quality of technical education by offering an accessible and interactive learning resource. It also addresses the challenges of limited learning media variation and encourages independent learning, possibly serving as a model for the development of similar media in other technical subjects.

Performance testing of an innovative integrated zenithal daylight guide with solar water heater under real-weather conditions

Zenithal Daylight Guides (ZDG) and Solar Water Heaters (SWH) are individual energy-saving solutions utilized across diverse building types. This study proposes an innovative integrated power-saving system, uniting ZDG and SWH into a single model. The integration concept is rooted in leveraging the available space surrounding the daylighting device's pipe to incorporate a solar heater via a serpentine collector. The primary aim of this amalgamation is to optimize solar energy savings, minimize spatial demands, and alleviate manufacturing expenses. Moreover, the impetus behind this study stems from the recent emergence of daytime power outages in Egypt, attributed to heightened consumption surpassing production capacities. The ZDG is still not well known in Egypt. This is the only study until the year 2022/2023 in Aswan, Egypt, that analyzes the performance of this device under extreme sunlight conditions (with maximum global illumination reaching approximately 118 Klux). Across various seasons, the lighting and thermal efficacy of the current model underwent experimental testing and analysis to assess its practical utility. The integrated system effectively elevated the water temperature and achieved adequate light transmission, as indicated by the obtained results. The average transmitted indoor illumination on the work surface reached approximately 2470 lux. The reliance on electrical lighting could be mitigated for up to 5 hours. On the other hand, the highest water temperature and maximum instantaneous efficiency reached are about 70°C and 37%, respectively. Throughout the experiments, the proposed solar heater achieved a maximum daily thermal efficiency of 31.5%. The findings are deemed satisfactory and promising.

The application of technical innovations in Bessarabia under tsarist rule

The study sums up a series of information regarding the application of technical innovations in Bessarabia under tsarist rule. On April 8, 1860, with the construction of the Odesa-Chisinau telegraph line, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, 1860 – the Chisinau telegraph station. In 1890, the Chisinau telephone exchange was put into use, being the first telephone exchange in Bessarabia. The implementation of the projects to create the telephone network in Bessarabia followed. Towards the end of the 19th century, another technical innovation began to be introduced in Bessarabia: electric lighting. At the beginning of the 20th century, in Bessarabia, bicycles and automobiles were used as means of transport.

Eating Around the Clock: Circadian Rhythms of Eating and Metabolism.

The time of day that we eat is increasingly recognized as contributing as importantly to overall health as the amount or quality of the food we eat. The endogenous circadian clock has evolved to promote intake at optimal times when an organism is intended to be awake and active, but electric lights and abundant food allow eating around the clock with deleterious health outcomes. In this review, we highlight literature pertaining to the effects of food timing on health, beginning with animal models and then translation into human experiments. We emphasize the pitfalls and opportunities that technological advances bring in bettering understanding of eating behaviors and their association with health and disease. There is great promise for restricting the timing of food intake both in clinical interventions and in public health campaigns for improving health via nonpharmacological therapies.

Tungsten Wire—From Lamp Filaments to Reinforcement Fibers for Composites in Fusion Reactors

The use of drawn tungsten wire marked a breakthrough in electric lighting which led to a significant advancement in human society and technology. Nowadays, thermal light sources using tungsten filaments are being more and more replaced by semiconductor‐based light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Despite the lower visibility of incandescent lamps in everyday life, new markets and applications for drawn tungsten wires are opening up, which makes this complex material a highly‐studied subject. One of these applications is the use of heavily drawn tungsten wires as high‐performance reinforcement fibers for new composites that can withstand the extreme environment present in a nuclear fusion reactor. The main advantage of tungsten wires for this class of composites is their ductility and high strength. It can be used to increase the high‐temperature strength of copper‐based heat sink materials as well as the fracture toughness of bulk tungsten considered for the use of highly loaded reactor wall components. These new applications for tungsten wire has also given new impetus to the study of their fundamental properties.

The luminous flux field as a basic concept for interior lighting design

It is proposed that the process of interior lighting design be defined as creating a three-dimensional luminous flux field within the volume of an enclosed indoor space. This luminous flux field can be divided into two components, an indirect flux field and a direct flux field, and making this separation presents a remarkable insight into the lighting design process. The space, its contents and its occupants are revealed by the indirect flux field; the indirect flux field is generated by the direct flux field; and the direct flux field, which may be derived from the indirect flux field by calculation, specifies the performance of the lighting installation. This enables a practitioner to describe lighting design objectives in terms of peoples’ subjective responses to their lit appearance, and, where these objectives can be specified in quantitative terms, to define aspects of the indirect flux field that would achieve them. The direct flux field that would optimally generate this indirect flux field is determined by a calculation procedure, and this provides a photometric performance specification for the lighting installation. For the sake of simplicity, this paper considers only electric lighting, but opportunities for extending the procedure to include daylight and other lighting design objectives are discussed.

Daylight and Electric Lighting in Primary and Secondary School Classrooms in the UK-An Observational Study.

Only a few recent studies report direct assessment or monitoring of light levels in the indoor learning environment, and no consensus exists on minimum exposures for children's health. For instance, myopia is a common progressive condition, with genetic and environmental risk factors. Reduced daylight exposure, electric lighting changes, increased near-work for school children, greater academic focus, and use of display screens and white boards may have important detrimental influences. Published assessment methods had varied limitations, such as incomplete compliance from participants wearing light loggers for extended periods. Climate-Based Daylight Modelling is encouraged in UK school design, but design approaches are impractical for post-occupancy assessments of pre-existing classrooms or ad hoc modifications. In this study, we investigated the potential for direct assessment and monitoring of classroom daylight and lighting measurements. Combined with objective assessments of outdoor exposures and class time use, the classroom data could inform design and light exposure interventions to reduce the various health impacts of inadequate daylight exposure. The relevant environmental measure for myopia depends on the hypothesized mechanism, so the illuminance, spectral distribution, and temporal light modulation from the electric lighting was also assessed.

Redesign of the electrical power and lighting network at ice cream parlor located in the city of Quito

Abstract This article proposes the redesign of the electrical power and lighting network in an Ice Cream Parlor located in the city of Quito to ensure continuity in the electrical service and a luminous level according to the UNE 12464.1 Standard, established in the country. For this purpose, a survey of all the electrical load installed in the organization was carried out, where the nominal parameters of each equipment were identified with the help of the nameplate of each one of them. Using the specifications of the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC) and the data obtained from the electrical load survey, five (5) circuits for outlets were proposed, considering a possible expansion of small equipment and the ten (10) maximum outlets established by the aforementioned standard. Additionally, four (4) circuits were proposed to feed the power load. With respect to the lighting network, the DIAlux software is used to determine the number of lamps, luminaires and their location to comply with the luminous level indicated. Therefore, it was necessary to propose six (6) circuits in order not to exceed the fifteen (15) lighting points established by the NEC. For each circuit, the following was calculated: conductor cross section, overcurrent protection, type of insulation and the diameter of the corresponding conduit to protect the conductors. Finally, quotations were made for the materials required for the implementation of the project. From these, an organization is selected, based on the availability of the necessary materials, their cost and accessibility, compared to other suppliers. The total amount of the proposal is US$2,518.24.

Modifikasi Kereb dengan Inovasi Fitur Self-Glow Melalui Penambahan Fosforence dan Glass Bead

The increase in population in Indonesia occurs rapidly as the years go by, which is directly proportional to the need for adequate facilities and infrastructure for carrying out activities and mobilizing from one place to another. Fulfillment of multi-story parking facilities is often found in the basement. It can be supported by additional facilities that help vehicle drivers take advantage of limited land. This section is quite dark and can potentially harm drivers because it causes high installation and maintenance costs for electrical installations and lighting. In overcoming this problem, one alternative research effort is to innovate the addition of a self-glow feature by adding phosphorescence powder and glass beads to modifications to conventional carriages' road dividers. Using a layer variation of 30%P1 20%P2; (15%F1;60%T1); (20%F2;80%T2); (25%F3;100%); top coat 100:50 tested for drying time, adhesion test, low-temperature test, softening point test, shelf life test, gradation test, and reflectivity test according to SNI 03-6450-2000. Glass waste was chosen as an additional material because it has the same properties as glass beads in reflecting light. Phosphorescence powder can glow in the dark, while glass beads can reflect light. Then it went through various testing processes (30%P1; 25%; 100%F3), which is an efficient variation and has the quality of the results of the luminescence test and reflectivity test, namely Qd 417, and it can be seen that the water-based phosphorescence coating can light up to 50 minutes at exposure 46.2 lux.

Development Of Trainer Learning Media Kit Solar Cell Public Road Lighting System in Electrical Light Installation

This research studies to develop instructors of electric lighting installation instructor media learns the feasibility of learning media for electrical installations trainers, learns the feasibility of worksheets for electric lighting installation learning media, and studies the effectiveness of learning media for electrical installations. Development (R&D) using the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation). By citing: (1) Analyzing (containing: analysis of design and needs, analysis of learning, analysis of students and obtaining difficulties there is no learning media for electrical installations), (2) Design (includes: large component trainers of electric contents, electricity, and trainer design), (3) Development (including making learning media broadcast by media experts and material experts), (4) Implementation (including conducted in class XI TL 2 SMK Negeri 2 Kota Serang starting with a pretest to find out where to find students IPL and then apply the learning media that has been developed) and (5) Evaluation (provided: done by providing a post-test to determine the effectiveness of the media that has been made). Based on the results of research that has been done, obtained data on the feasibility of instructional media with an average score of 82 categories "Very Eligible" and a learning media worksheet with an average score of 78 in the category of "Very Eligible". Both of these learning media get a value of "Very Effective" for learning with an average n-gain calculation score of 0.76.

"Special Regime - Galapagos islands" analysis of the electricity and public lighting service: Current status

This article presents the impact of applying the electricity sector and public lighting policies in the Galapagos Islands, focused on a framework that addresses six issues: legislation, demand, financial, technologies, environmental, and international commitments. The installed power capacity in 2022 was 31.55 MW, 23.04 % from renewable sources. By 2027, the power generation is expected to be 57.62 MW with 56 % renewable sources, without a short-term plan to comply with the "Zero fossil fuels" policy. The electrical system is isolated from the continent, and some policies analyzed can serve as a reference to implement changes in similar systems.

Application of Intelligent Technology in Building Electrical Lighting Project

Application of Intelligent Technology in Building Electrical Lighting Project

Unveiling determinants of household lighting preferences in rural Tanzania: insights for sustainable energy access

This paper investigates the determinants and prospects of household lighting choices in rural Tanzania using a Multinomial Logit Regression Model. The analysis is based on data from 4671 households, focusing on three lighting options: electricity, solar energy, and candle lighting. The results reveal significant factors influencing these choices, including household head characteristics, household size, marital status, education, employment status, number of rooms, and income. Key findings indicate that the age of the household head negatively influences the likelihood of choosing grid-electricity, while having a male head of household significantly reduces the probability of opting for any lighting option. Larger household size is negatively associated with choosing electricity and candle lighting. Marital status shows that married households are more likely to use candle lighting. Employment status positively impacts the likelihood of adopting all three lighting options, with employed household heads being more likely to choose modern lighting solutions. Income levels are crucial, as higher income significantly increases the probability of selecting electricity and candle lighting, but not solar energy. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to enhance sustainable energy access in rural Tanzania. It highlights the importance of addressing socio-economic factors to promote the adoption of modern and sustainable lighting technologies.

Study on the electrostatic shedding and crushing characteristics of ethanol and diesel droplets

The study of electrostatic shedding and crushing characteristics of droplets is the basis of understanding electrostatic atomization, and the study of its shedding and crushing behavior in electrostatic field is conducted. Micropump drive is used to control the flow rate, electrostatic generation device to form a stable electric field, light lighting and high-speed camera to obtain the dynamic behavior of shedding and crushing process, and use digital image processing technology to extract the process parameters. The results show that: when the capillary tube diameter and flow are unchanged, when the electric field voltage is low, the droplet deviates and falls off, the diesel droplet is smaller than the ethanol; when the electric field voltage is moderate, the droplet is closed or deformed into wave strip; only when the flow rate increases and the electric field voltage is large, the average particle size of ethanol is smaller than diesel, indicating that the electrostatic atomization effect of ethanol with small surface tension is significantly better than that of diesel oil.

Diverse Flowering Response to Blue Light Manipulation: Application of Electric Lighting in Controlled-Environment Plant Production

Blue light is an important light wavelength in regulating plant flowering. In a controlled environment (CE) plant production systems, blue light can be manipulated easily and even precisely through electric lighting, especially with the advancement of light-emitted diode (LED) technologies. However, the results of previous studies in the literature about blue-light-mediated flowering are inconsistent, which would limit its practical application in CE plant production while implying that an in-depth study of the relevant physiological mechanism is necessary in the future. This review consolidates and analyzes the diverse findings from previous studies on blue light-mediated plant flowering in varying high-value crops from ornamental plants to fruits, vegetables, and specialty crops. By synthesizing the contrasting results, we proposed the possible explanations and even the underlying mechanisms related to blue light intensity and exposure duration, its co-action with other light wavelengths, background environment conditions, and the involved photoreceptors. We have also identified the knowledge gaps based on these studies and outlined future directions for research and potential application in this promising field. This review provides valuable insights into the important and diverse role of blue light in plant flowering and offers a foundation for further investigations to optimize plant flowering through lighting technologies.