Electric Field Strength Research Articles

Impact of electric field on donor energy and polarisability in GaAs variant toroidal quantum ring

ABSTRACT This study investigates the electronic properties of a GaAs Variant Toroidal Quantum Ring (VTQR) containing an off-centre donor impurity, focussing on the effect of an external electric field on donor energy and polarisability. Based on the effective mass approximation, we solved the Schrödinger equation using the finite difference method. The results show a typical effect at a toroidal angle of 180 ∘ , where the strength of the electric field leads to a decrease in the donor energy. Intriguingly, at toroidal angles of 90 ∘ and 60 ∘ , the donor energy increases with increasing field strength, indicating improved electron confinement. The probability density distributions shown reveal the location of the electron as influenced by the applied field. Furthermore, polarisability reaches its maximum around an angle of about 80 ∘ for all electric field strengths. This work provides a better understanding of the behaviour of electron in quantum ring systems and suggests potential for the engineering of tunable quantum devices.

Electro-Elastic Instability and Turbulence in Electro-osmotic Flows of Viscoelastic Fluids: Current Status and Future Directions

The addition of even minute amounts of solid polymers, measured in parts per million (ppm), into a simple Newtonian fluid like water significantly alters the flow behavior of the resulting polymer solutions due to the introduction of fluid viscoelasticity. This viscoelastic behavior, which arises due to the stretching and relaxation phenomena of polymer molecules, leads to complex flow dynamics that are starkly different from those seen in simple Newtonian fluids under the same conditions. In addition to polymer solutions, many other fluids, routinely used in various industries and our daily lives, exhibit viscoelastic properties, including emulsions; foams; suspensions; biological fluids such as blood, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid; and suspensions of biomolecules like DNA and proteins. In various microfluidic platforms, these viscoelastic fluids are often transported using electro-osmotic flows (EOFs), where an electric field is applied to control fluid movement. This method provides more precise and accurate flow control compared to pressure-driven techniques. However, several experimental and numerical studies have shown that when either the applied electric field strength or the fluid elasticity exceeds a critical threshold, the flow in these viscoelastic fluids becomes unstable and asymmetric due to the development of electro-elastic instability (EEI). These instabilities are driven by the normal elastic stresses in viscoelastic fluids and are not observed in Newtonian fluids under the same conditions, where the flow remains steady and symmetric. As the electric field strength or fluid elasticity is further increased, these instabilities can transition into a more chaotic and turbulent-like flow state, referred to as electro-elastic turbulence (EET). This article comprehensively reviews the existing literature on these EEI and EET phenomena, summarizing key findings from both experimental and numerical studies. Additionally, this article presents a detailed discussion of future research directions, emphasizing the need for further investigations to fully understand and harness the potential of EEI and EET in various practical applications, particularly in microscale flow systems where better flow control and increased transport rates are essential.

Assessment of Airfoil Lightning Strikes Characterization on Aircraft in Dynamic Conditions

Lightning is a long-gap high-current discharge event in nature, and its enormous discharge energy can cause structural damage to struck objects. Relevant studies have shown that aircraft in the air are exposed to a higher risk of lightning strikes than ground objects. However, most studies on aircraft lightning strikes have used static models, and there are still shortages of research objects under high-speed movements. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an investigation of the lightning strike characteristics of aircraft under dynamic conditions to ensure flight safety fully. In this study, the lightning strike characteristics of airfoil under dynamic conditions have been simulated by studying two variables, airspeed and angle of attack, while employing the Leader Progression Model (LPM). The results show that adjustments in the angle of attack cause changes in the atmospheric pressure field, and a maximum pressure difference of up to 5.44 × 104 Pa is observed at the angle of attack of 15°, which results in a change in the average electric field strength Estr, leading to a 33.63% difference in the upward leader trigger height. At an airspeed equal to 120 m/s, the trigger height in the low-pressure region is only 54.7% of that in the high-pressure region (435 m and 795 m, respectively). A higher lightning strike risk is found in areas of higher air pressure and is positively correlated with angle of attack and airspeed.

Theoretical study on fused 1,2,3,4-tetrazine-1,3-dinitroxide derivatives under external electric field.

Considering the excellent properties of 1,2,3,4-tetrazine-1,3-dinitroxides, several types of energetic derivatives have been synthesized from them. Among them, [1,2,5] oxadiazolo [3,4-e] [1,2,3,4]-tetrazine-4,6-Di-N-dioxide (FTDO), 5,7-dinitrobenzo-1,2,3,4-tetrazine-1,3-nitrogen dioxide (DTND), and [1,2,3,4] tetrazino [5,6-e] [1,2,3,4] tetrazine-1,3,8-tetraoxide (TTTO) are considered excellent energetic materials. However, there is limited research on their behavior under electric fields. The effect of electric fields was studied using density functional theory to calculate trigger bond changes, strain energy, chemical reactivity, and surface electrostatic potential. The results indicate that the planar structure of FTDO is more unique than that of DTND and TTTO, and its trigger bond is located at special position. Increased electric field strength can lengthen the trigger bond, increase sensitivity, and reduce strain energy of FTDO. Under a positive electric field, DTND and TTTO have longer trigger bond lengths, increased sensitivity, and increased strain energy, while exhibiting the opposite behavior under a negative electric field. Electric fields can affect the chemical reactivity of the all three derivatives. FTDO is less active under positive electric fields, DTND is more active under both electric fields, and TTTO becomes more active under negative electric fields. Finally, the electric field can expand their absorption spectrum range, affecting electron transfer between fragments. All calculations in this article were completed on Gaussian 16 software. The calculation levels are B3LYP/6-311G**, B3LYP/Def2-TZVPP, and PBE1PBE/6-311G**. Multiwfn and VMD were used for wave function analysis. Electric fields have a strength range of - 0.02 to 0.02 a.u., with a growth gradient of 0.01 a.u.

Electric field driven domain wall dynamics in BaTiO3 nanoparticles

We report a detailed investigation into the response of single BaTiO3 (BTO) nanocrystals under applied electric fields (E-field) using Bragg coherent diffraction imaging. Our study reveals pronounced domain wall migration and expansion of a sample measure under applied electric field. The changes are most prominent at the surface of the nanocrystal, where the lack of external strain allows greater domain wall mobility. The observed domain shifts are correlated to the strength and orientation of the applied E-field, following a side-by-side domain model from Suzana []. Notably, we identified a critical electric field strength of 3 MV/m, which leads to irreversible structural changes, suggesting plastic deformation. The findings highlight how surface effects and intrinsic defects contribute to the enhanced dielectric properties of BTO at the nanoscale, in contrast to bulk materials, where strain limits domain mobility. These findings deepen our understanding of nanoscale dielectric behavior and inform the design of advanced nanoelectronic devices. Published by the American Physical Society 2025

Temperature dependence of the electric field strength in a pyroelectric deflector of charged relativistic particles

Abstract The paper presents the dependence of the electric field strength between the crystals of a pyroelectric deflector on their temperature at various rates of temperature change in a vacuum. Three measurement cycles were conducted at different heating rates (0.059∘C/s, 0.015∘C/s, and 0.008∘C/s) followed by subsequent natural cooling. A phenomenon of electric field strength saturation was observed in the temperature range of 40–72∘C during heating and 50–22∘C during cooling of the crystals in the pyroelectric deflector under vacuum conditions. A discrepancy in trends between the extreme states is observed on the graphs of the temperature dependence of the electric field strength in the pyroelectric deflector. The maximum electric field strength between the crystals reaches 40 kV/cm. A tentative explanation is provided for the occurrence of electrical breakdowns between pyroelectric crystals at an electric field strength of 30 kV/cm and a residual gas pressure of 1.5 × 10-5 Torr. The potential application of the pyroelectric deflector in accelerator systems and the prospects for the development of miniature charged particle deflectors are discussed.

Innovative separation of melittin from bee venom using micro-free-flow electrophoresis: An experimental and theoretical study.

Bee venom consists of more than 50% melittin (MLT), which has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Bee venom also contains toxic components such as phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and hyaluronidase (HYA), which cause allergic reactions, so the toxic components must be removed to use MLT. In previous studies, analytical methods were used to separate MLT. This study used micro-free flow electrophoresis (μFFE) for MLT separation. This separation was simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and molecular dynamics simulation (MD). The glass chip was fabricated using the wet etched method, and MLT separation was investigated experimentally. The CFD results demonstrated that MLT was separated from PLA2 and HYA in less than 3min, and MLT and toxic components took different paths in the channel. The operating conditions, such as the sample flow rate, buffer flow rate, electric field strength, and channel dimensions, were optimized during the simulation. The MD results showed that MLT's conformation does not change the separation process. MD simulation with an atomistic resolution could give us more accurate results of molecular interactions. Also, MLT separation was performed on a glass chip, adding to the precision of the process. The channel outputs were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). MLT separation using μFFE was performed for the first time. The results indicated that melittin was purified 90% in this separation, and PLA2 was rejected by 90%. The results indicated that, for the first time, the separation of MLT from bee venom using μFFE could be achieved with a high recovery rate, thereby demonstrating its potential for biological applications. This separation in less than 3min has higher yield and purity than analytical methods such as HPLC.

Beam-driven electron-acoustic waves in auroral region of magnetosphere with superthermal trapped electrons

The propagation characteristics of nonlinear electron-acoustic (EA) waves are studied in a four-component magneto-plasma, containing inertial cold electrons, warm drifting beam electrons, trapped superthermal hot electrons, and static ions. A linear dispersion relation for EA waves is derived to analyze the impact of electron superthermality on the ω−k relation. For nonlinear analysis, a reductive perturbation formalism is adopted to solve the set of model equations in the form of a trapped Zakharov–Kuznetsov (tZK) equation. The latter is analyzed to determine the solitary structures in terms of phase portraits and exact soliton solutions showing the impact of electron trapping efficiency (γ), hot electron superthermality (κ), drifting speed, temperature and density of beam electrons, and temperature and density of cold electrons, using typical parameters from the short-duration burst of broad-band electrostatic noise emissions observed by the Viking spacecraft in the auroral region. The solitary structures propagate as positive potential pulses and become modified with superthermal trapped electrons, leading to hole (hump) in cold (hot) electron density excitations. The electric field structures of the EA waves are found to be in exact agreement with the observed solitary structures in the auroral region. It is observed that electric field strength associated with these waves decreases as the magnetic field increases. The present model can be used to understand the transport of energy and momentum between plasma particles and to comprehend magnetic reconnection region in magnetopause, where two-temperature electrons and large-amplitude parallel electrostatic waves have been reported by magnetopause multiscale observations.

Influence mechanism of AC electric field on rime ice accretion on the insulator and its experimental verification in the natural environment

Insulator icing can easily trigger flashover trips in heavily ice-covered areas, and analyzing the formation mechanism of ice accumulation on the insulator is essential for predicting its flashover development. To accurately dissect the process of insulator icing, a coupled mathematical model of the flow field and electric field, as well as a droplet motion model were elaborated in this paper based on the principles of fluid mechanics and electromagnetic field. Subsequently, the characteristics of droplet motion deviation and its physical collision process with an insulator surface under AC electric field were investigated. The results demonstrate that the charged droplets tend to oscillate along the electric field lines in AC electric field, and the amplitude of the oscillation increases with the applied voltage increasing. Moreover, the number of droplets captured by the insulator rises with the increase of voltage, wind speed, and median volume diameter of the droplet. Combined with the simulation and natural icing experiments, it is observed that ice branches grow in the direction of electric field force, and as the voltage rises, ice branches gradually spread from the edge of the shed to its surface, increasing surface roughness. The density of ice exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship as the electric field strength increases. Ice mass and ice length present nonlinear growth with an increase in icing time. Furthermore, compared with that without energization, the icing amount and icing length increase by more than 13 % under AC voltage of 40 kV.

Nanoscale Prediction of Physical Water Reducer: Lubricating the Cement System by the Electric Field.

Fluidity is a critical property of cement that significantly impacts the performance of cement paste in construction engineering. Fluidity is typically enhanced through the application of chemical additives (e.g., water-reducing agents). While chemical additives can enhance the fluidity and workability of cement, their drawbacks, such as cost and environmental impact, must be carefully considered. Most of the current research focuses on the use of chemical admixtures, while studies on physical alternatives remain limited. This study employs molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to propose an innovative strategy for improving the fluidity of cement slurry by applying an electric field, which acts as a physical water reducer. This research investigates the lubricating effect and underlying mechanism of the electric field on cement hydration product C-S-H particles at the nanoscale. This work demonstrates that increasing the electric field strength significantly reduces friction between cement particles, thereby improving fluidity when ions are present at the particle interface. Atomic-level structural analyses reveal that the electric field promotes a denser C-S-H structure and facilitates ion desorption from the C-S-H surface, which acts as a lubricant between particles. This study provides new insights into how an electric field can serve as a lubricant in cement systems, offering a promising approach to enhancing concrete fluidity without relying on chemical admixtures.

Study on the Biofilm Kinetics in Micro-Electrolysis Biological Reactors

The kinetic study of micro-electrolysis biotechnology not only determines the removal efficiency of a micro-electrolysis process but also influences the optimal design of a system. This paper investigates the relationship between electric field strength, pollutant degradation rate, and biofilm thickness by constructing a microporous biofilm model for pollutant removal. Additionally, the study derives equations linking electric field strength to reaction rate, pollutant effluent concentration, and biofilm thickness under both high and low pollutant influent concentrations. This work bridges the gap between macroscopic processes and periplasmic mechanisms, enhancing our understanding of pollutant removal mechanisms and facilitating process optimization. It also provides theoretical support for the sustainable development of micro-electrolysis biotechnology. Future research will focus on experimental validation and the optimization of model accuracy and flexibility to accommodate diverse treatment conditions.

Microwave installation for continuous heat treatment of poultry muscle stomachs

BACKGROUND: The volume of processed chicken muscle stomachs as meat raw materials in Russia per year is 0.1-0.15 million tons. Therefore, the implementation of microwave technology for heat treatment of such raw materials is relevant. AIM: The aim of the study was to develop a radio-hermetic installation with a conical resonator for heat treatment of the muscular stomachs of birds in continuous operation at high electric field strength in farm conditions. METHODS: The raw material is chicken muscle stomach. The innovative idea is that the muscular stomach as a multicomponent raw material, pre-crushed on an electrically driven grating disc, is ground against the abrasive coils of an electrically driven screw during dielectric heating in continuous mode in a conical resonator, providing high electric field strength and electromagnetic safety by truncating the cone at the critical surface level. The study of the heating temperature of raw materials was carried out using an infrared thermometer Testo 845, and the distribution of the electric field in the resonator was carried out in the CST Microwave Studio 2018 program. RESULTS: In a conical resonator, where a grating disk is installed under the base with a gap of no more than a quarter of the wavelength, a fluoroplastic electric drive screw with screws coated with an abrasive material is. The diameters of the screws change with the change in the diameter of the resonator. The resonator is truncated at the critical section level. The results of a study of the dynamics of dielectric heating of chicken muscular stomach at specific capacities of 3.3-7 W/g show that they will cook in 3-4 minutes. The specific energy costs for heat treatment of raw materials in an installation with a power consumption of 4.15 kW and a capacity of 30 kg/h are 0.14 kWh/kg. The intrinsic Q−factor of the resonator is 77200, the electric field strength is 4-5 kV/cm.

Sub-1 V/cm E-FISH-based picosecond electric field measurements in atmospheric pressure air

Abstract We report on the development of a highly sensitive Electric Field Induced Second Harmonic (E-FISH) generation diagnostic setup capable of measuring electric field strengths as low as 1 V/cm at the picosecond time scale under atmospheric pressure conditions. This unprecedented sensitivity is achieved through passive homodyne detection, which utilizes stray signals generated by an optical component in the beam path. Our detection limit of 0.3–0.5 V/cm represents an improvement of over 2–3 orders of magnitude compared to previous reports (100 – 1000 V/cm) in the literature. Additionally, we demonstrate sensitivity to the polarity of the electric field. Experimental results are corroborated by simulations of the 400 ps time-resolved homodyne process, offering deeper insights into the enhanced detection capabilities and the system’s ability to resolve the field sign.

Simulation design and experimental study of beveled angle narrow-slit needleless electrospinning spinneret

Needleless electrospinning technology is considered an effective way to produce nanofibrous materials on a large scale. The electric field strength and its distribution during the electrospinning process play an essential role in controlling the diameter and quality of the nanofibrous membrane. To achieve the mass production of nanofibers, this study proposed the design concept of a new type of needleless electrospinning spinneret with a beveled tip and narrow slit shape. The finite element analysis software of Comsol Multiphysics 6.0 was used to simulate the electric field contour of the new type of needleless electrospinning spinneret with a beveled tip and narrow slit shape. In performing the simulation of electrospinning with this spinneret, the values of the electric field strength on the surface of the spinneret and the variation of its electric field strength distribution curve were obtained. The optimal beveled narrow-slit spinneret structure was determined by varying the beveled tip angle, inner ring material, applied voltage, and receiving distance. The results showed that the highest value of electric field strength at the tip of the spinneret could be obtained when the inner ring was made of PTFE and the beveled narrow-slit spinneret was at 120°. Finally, the polyurethane nanofiber membrane was successfully fabricated using this new type of electrospinning spinneret. The nanofiber membrane with a mass fraction of 17% had a good micro-morphology. The diameter distribution was very uniform, and the average diameter was 624 nm. The production was up to 9.6 g/h, which was 96 times higher than that of single-needle electrostatic spinning. The feasibility of mass production of nanofiber membranes using this novel spinneret was verified.

Numerical simulation of heat and moisture transfer in microwave drying of molded pulp products

To understand the spatial and temporal evolution of temperature and moisture during microwave drying of molded pulp products (MPP), a three-dimensional transient model that couples electromagnetic, heat and mass transfer was developed. The coefficient of determination between the simulated and measured moisture content was greater than 0.963, indicating good qualitative agreement existed. This work analyzed the distributions of the electric field, temperature field, and moisture field. Furthermore, the effects of varying microwave power densities on MPP drying were numerically investigated. The results showed that the drying time was reduced by 25.0–37.5% and the average temperature increased by 4.8–7.3 °C as the microwave power density enhanced from 9 to 15 W/g. The simulated spatial field distributions revealed the presence of two distinct hot spots on the surface of MPP, characterized by higher electric field strength and elevated temperatures, with the right hot spot being more pronounced. The transient distributions indicated that heat migrated from the hot spots to the edges of the MPP, while the distribution of moisture content presented an inverse relationship to the temperature field. Additionally, it was observed that the maximum temperature reached 107 °C at 15 W/g, which could potentially result in material cracking or deformation. To address this issue, a variable power drying scheme that could reduce the drying time by 10% was proposed. The developed model provides a comprehensive understanding of the coupled heat and moisture transfer occurring in the MPP microwave drying process.

Modulating Built‐In Electric Field Strength in Ru/RuO2 Interfaces through Ni Doping to Enhance Hydrogen Conversion at Ampere‐level Current

AbstractImproving the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) efficiency is essential for developing advanced anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) that operate at industrial ampere‐level currents. Herein, we employ density functional theory (DFT) calculations to identify Ni‐RuO2 as the leading candidate among various 3d transition metal‐doped M‐RuO2 (where metal M includes Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn). The incorporation of Ni atoms facilitates the partial reduction of RuO2, resulting in the formation of a Ni−Ru/RuO2 interface having a significant built‐in electric field (BIEF) during electrochemical reactions. The resulted BIEF enhances electron transfer across the interface, which is critical in lowering energy barriers and accelerating the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics. As a result, the Ni‐RuO2 catalyst exhibits an overpotential of 134 mV at 1 A cm−2 and a low Tafel slope of 20.85 mV dec−1, with just 0.03 mg cm−2 of Ru loading. The highly effective BIEF, therefore, plays a pivotal role in the catalyst‘s remarkable performance, allowing the Ni‐RuO2‐based AEMWE to require only 1.71 V to maintain stable operation at 1 A cm−2 over a 1000‐hour period.

Completely Multipolar Model for Many-Body Water-Ion and Ion-Ion Interactions.

This work constructs an advanced force field, the Completely Multipolar Model (CMM), to quantitatively reproduce each term of an energy decomposition analysis (EDA) for aqueous solvated alkali metal cations and halide anions and their ion pairings. We find that all individual EDA terms remain well-approximated in the CMM for ion-water and ion-ion interactions, except for polarization, which shows errors due to the partial covalency of ion interactions near their equilibrium. We quantify the onset of the dative bonding regime by examining the change in molecular polarizability and Mayer bond indices as a function of distance, showing that partial covalency manifests by breaking the symmetry of atomic polarizabilities while strongly damping them at short-range. This motivates an environment-dependent atomic polarizability parameter that depends on the strength of the local electric field experienced by the ions to account for strong damping, with anisotropy introduced by atomic multipoles. The resulting CMM model for ions provides accurate dimer surfaces and three-body polarization and charge transfer compared to EDA, and shows excellent performance on various ion benchmarks including vibrational frequencies and cluster geometries.

Inactivation activity and mechanism of high-voltage pulsed electric fields combined with antibacterial agents against Alicyclobacillus spp. in apple juice.

Alicyclobacillus spp. are crucial factors affecting the quality of fruit juice, so it is very important to control their contamination. In this study, the inactivation activity and mechanism of high-voltage pulsed electric fields (HVPEF) combined with antibacterial agents against Alicyclobacillus spp. in apple juice were investigated. It was found that under the optimal conditions of electric field strength 9.6kV/cm, treatment time 20min, frequency 1000Hz, and duty ratio 50%, HVPEF treatment could reduce bacteria by 1.89-4.76 log CFU/mL. Moreover, the inactivation activities of six antibacterial agents (propyl paraben, glycerol monocaprate, octyl gallate, heptyl paraben, nisin, carvacrol) alone and their combination with HVPEF were further investigated. The results showed that with the combined treatment, the minimum bactericidal concentrations of carvacrol, nisin, and heptyl paraben were reduced by >50% to 1mg/mL, 10IU/mL, and 0.02mg/mL, respectively. Based on this, the most resistant strain of A. acidoterrestris (DSM 3922) was identified to elucidate the inactivation mechanism. It was demonstrated that the antibacterial process could alter the permeability and fatty acid composition of the cell membrane, causing the cells to deform and shrink, leading to leakage of intracellular proteins, and also affect the synthesis of ROS and ATP, ultimately resulting in bacterial death. In addition, the various treatments had no significant effect on the soluble solids content, titratable acid, soluble sugar content, organic acids and aroma components of apple juice. The combination of HVPEF treatment and antibacterial agents could effectively maintain the quality of apple juice.

Effects of laser wavelength and pulse energy on the evaporation behavior of TiN coatings in atom probe tomography: A multi-instrument study.

The impact of the laser wavelength on accuracy in elemental composition analysis in atom probe tomography (APT) was investigated. Three different commercial atom probe systems - LEAP 3000X HR, LEAP 5000 XR, and LEAP 6000 XR - were systematically compared for a TiN model coating studying the effect of shorter laser wavelengths, especially in the deep ultraviolet (DUV) range, on the evaporation behavior. The findings demonstrate that the use of shorter wavelengths enhances the accuracy in elemental composition, while maintaining similar electric field strengths. Thus, thermal effects are reduced, which in turn improves mass resolving power. An important aspect of this research includes the estimation of energy density ratios of the different instruments. The reduction in wavelength is accompanied by increasing energy densities due to smaller laser spot sizes. Furthermore, advancements in the detector technology were studied. Finally, the detector dead-times were determined and dead-zones were evaluated to investigate the ion pile-up behavior in APT measurements of nitrides with the LEAP 6000 XR.

The mobility of polypeptide chains in cow femur bones controlled by an electric field.

The influence on the mobility of polypeptide chains caused by strain misfit due to molecular electric dipole distortions under applied electric fields up to 769 kV m-1, in cow cortical femur samples annealed at 373 K, 423 K, and 530 K, is determined. The behaviour of strain misfit as a function of the electric field strength is determined from a mean-field model based on the Eshelby theory. In addition, Friedel's model for describing the mobility of dislocations in continuum media has been modified to determine the interaction energy between electrically generated obstacles and the polypeptide chains. Depending on the denaturation states from the bones due to the annealing treatments, the different locations of the activated dipoles and their effects on the mobility of the polypeptide chains were determined. Furthermore, it was also determined that dahllite does not affect the degree of chain mobility under an applied electric field. Dynamic mechanical analysis measurements conducted under a high electric field, differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry are used in the present work. To our knowledge, this is the first time dynamic mechanical analysis studies have been carried out on bones subjected to high electric fields.