Electric Energy Meter Research Articles

Research on the Combination Technology of Smart Meter Status Evaluation and Acquisition Function Based on Big Data Technology

In order to study the key technologies suitable for large-scale intelligent electric energy meter automatic verification, the discrete verification mode is discussed from three aspects of data interaction, scheduling control, and intelligent diagnosis. First, build an application architecture for automated verification data from the perspective of multi-dimensional perception, use WCF and MQ communication modes to build a data interaction architecture, and propose a feedforward feedback integrated control mechanism; second, based on the automated verification control architecture, establish a space-time vertical and horizontal scheduling control strategy; finally. According to the category of automatic verification equipment, classify abnormal / fault categories and establish a fault knowledge base. Based on the intelligent diagnosis process of “alarm-discovery-diagnosis-processing-learning” mechanism, build an intelligent diagnosis application framework. The proposed method effectively guarantees the accuracy and reliability of the interactive data, realizes the automatic verification of space-time cooperative operation, and can effectively improve the daily operation and maintenance efficiency of large-scale automated verification.

Analysis and Research on the fault disposal process of the electric energy metering devices

With the wide application of electronic equipment, the electric energy metering device of site operation is often subject to various types of interference. Due to the complex operation environment, various kinds of fault problems often occur in the electric energy metering devices. However, the actual failure disposal methods were not unified and standardized, which often results in the waste of electric energy metering device assets. In view of the above problems, the faults disposal methods of the electric energy metering devices were studied, the work flow of standardized fault disposal of electric energy metering devices was sorted out and the disposal requirements of each link were identified, which provides a good foundation for standardizing the unified and efficient disposal of the failed electric energy metering devices, deepening the quality management of the whole life cycle of the electric energy metering devices, and realizing the effective reuse of the electric energy metering devices.

The Logical Hierarchy of Software Protection Requirements in IR46

The updated version of OIML recommendation “Active Electrical Energy Meters” (IR46) requires protection of metrological properties, it provides a new idea for the development of new type watt-hour meter. These requirements are mainly focused on software protection, because for modern static electricity meters, software is the key part for processing and storing legal metrological data. According to the logical relationship between these requirements, this paper analyzes them to form a logical level. The validation methods are analyzed at the same time, which shows the feasibility and the necessity of new generation smart meter.

Design and Implementation of a Prototype Automatic Reading System for the Consumers’ Electrical Energy Meters

Design and Implementation of a Prototype Automatic Reading System for the Consumers’ Electrical Energy Meters

Operational peculiarities of electric energy meters of different types in power networks with harmonic distortions

Electric energy measurements are the base for all commercial electricity transactions. Thus, the validity of the power measurement results is of a great importance. This article studies peculiarities of electric energy accounting in power networks polluted with higher harmonics by means of power meters of various types. It has been demonstrated that the power meters with different operational principles can demonstrate significantly different responses under the same load and network conditions. Consideration of the provisions given in this paper will help to mitigate the measuring uncertainties and reasonably approach the issue of choosing the measuring instruments for billing purposes.

Dynamic test signal modelling and a compressed sensing based test for electric energy meter errors

The problem of dynamic error evaluation for smart energy meter under the condition of large power dynamic load is investigated. A general model of dynamic test signal is established and two forms of the test signal are given. Then two models of the test signal are decomposed to obtain the prior information of the dynamic intrinsic signal, and the Compressed Sensing (CS) measurement matrix is constructed. The CS indirect measurement model of the dynamic test signal is deduced to accurately measure the value of the dynamic electrical energy. Based on the CS indirect measurement model, a new indirect measuring method for evaluating dynamic error of smart energy meter is proposed, and meanwhile a testing system of smart energy meter for evaluating dynamic error is given. Finally, experiment results and uncertainty analysis show that the CS indirect measurement method can be used to test the dynamic error of the smart energy meter under different signal conditions and the measurement uncertainty (k = 2) is better than 0.05%.

Electromagnetic compatibility and protection of electric energy meters from strong magnetic fields

Power theft through electric energy meters tampering causes significant revenue losses. One of the meter tampering method involves manipulation using strong magnetic fields to distort the process of energy calculation by saturation of current transformers’ cores. This paper presents an approach towards effective shielding of the power meters’ sensitive elements from external magnetic fields. The theory of magnetic materials and the methods to calculate magnetic fields in the presence of these materials are used to develop a refined protective shield.

An update on the performance of reactive energy meters under non-sinusoidal conditions

The different reactive power and energy metering methods used by electric energy meters on medium and high voltage consumers present different results between themselves, notably in the presence of distorted voltage and current signals. Over recent decades, many discussions and various propositions have been put into action, all of which aimed at a worldwide unification of power and reactive energy metering methods. However, the problem still persists and the objective of this study therefore lies in performing of a quantitative update, concerning the impacts of these different methods on the reactive energy metering for billing purposes. In this context, each of the methods frequently used by the electric energy meter manufacturers will be covered in an analytical manner, seeking the mathematical understanding of the divergences that exist between them. In concurrent fashion, calibration tests will be performed in the laboratory aimed at the correct quantification of measurement deviations found under specific distortion conditions in voltage and current waveforms, when comparing meters from different manufacturers and models. A new electric energy meter, that contemplates all known metering methods, was developed with the aim of performing a measurement campaign allowing for the comparison of the performance of each one of these methods under real load conditions, considering many different types of consumer. The obtained results, in addition to providing a quantitative update of the magnitude of existing deviations, also demonstrate a great concern regarding the lack of isonomy currently found around the world in the metering of reactive power and energy.

Testing of Electrical Energy Meters Subject to Realistic Distorted Voltages and Currents

This paper presents a study on revenue active electrical energy meters. The huge installation along the distribution network of these devices made them a key element for energy billing, but also for monitoring the grid status. Hence, it is evident that the relevance of guaranteeing a trusty metering performance, and consequently a proper standardization, is needed. The operation of the meters is regulated by standards harmonized with the European Directive 2014/32/EU (known as MID). Still, and not infrequently, compliance to some legacy standards is declared on the device specifications. Thus, a brief comparison between the latest standards is presented. In particular, the focus was set on evaluating the potential impact of the harmonic disturbances on the energy meter accuracy, since they are omnipresent in the modern power networks. The evaluation has been carried out on three off-the-shelf class B meters by means of a new test procedure that considers realistic and quasi-realistic harmonic disturbances. Such tests showed that realistic harmonic disturbances affect significantly only some energy meters. Therefore, the standards should not neglect this kind of scenario.

NQI Status and Demand Analysis of Intelligent Electric Energy Meter Industry

Taking the opportunity of undertaking the project of “NQI Typical Demonstration Application” of the key research and development projects of the state, and taking the intelligent electric energy meter as the breakthrough point, the production and use process of intelligent electric energy meter in the whole life cycle is summarized as eight links: research and development design, material purchasing, production and manufacturing, factory supply, acceptance and inspection, storage and distribution, installation and operation, dismantling of scrap and so on, and the status of National Quality Infrastructure (NQI) in intelligent electric energy meter industry is carded out. At the same time, the paper summarizes the development needs of intelligent electric energy meter industry in measurement, standards, inspection, certification and accreditation, which provides guidance and basis for the construction of NQI in smart grid measurement field.

Performance Analysis of Active Energy Meters Under Non-Sinusoidal Conditions

The performance of electrical energy meters in non-sinusoidal conditions has been discussed since the early 20th Century and as of yet has not reached a fully comprehensive standardization. Within this context, this paper aims to update the present understanding on the subject through a closer look at the power definitions established by the IEEE Std. 1459-2010. The paper concentrates its goals across two different approaches. The first deals with the analytical development in the time domain, aiming at the decomposition of the instantaneous power in its different elementary components. The second, in turn, deals with the development of several calibration tests in different active electrical energy meters considering different voltage and current waveforms. The results show that the measurement deviations in non-sinusoidal conditions may be greater than 30% in some practical cases, which reinforces the need for more specific standards concerning the subject.

Research on Dedicated Insertion Bar for Field Calibration of Energy Meter

The on-site verification of electric energy meters has become an indispensable part of power system equipment maintenance. Recently, under the call of the State Grid Corporation of China to further optimize the business environment, in order to reduce the time of power outages for customers, the “non-interruption meter replacement” business is also actively promoted. A special wiring board is installed in the single-phase energy measurement box to ensure replacement. The meter does not lose power, but this measure has greatly affected the on-site verification of the energy meter. This article is based on the new environment of “uninterrupted power meter replacement”, in-depth demonstration of the necessity, feasibility, and ease of development of a dedicated plug-in meter for the on-site verification of electric energy meters. Based on the premise of modularization, a special plug-in strip for the on-site verification of electric energy meters has been developed to ensure that the on-site verification of the electric energy meters is not affected.

Correlation Analysis of Faults and Operating Environment of Electric Energy Meter

The use of the re-entry energy meter is related to the on-site operating environment. First, the five-level quantitative standard is determined. Establish the correlation between the fault phenomenon and the operating environment, and use the software SPSS to analyze the correlation between the fault phenomenon and the operating environment. According to the size of the correlation, analyze the cause of the correlation. It provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent strengthening of quality supervision, management and production of electric energy meters.

A Centralized Transcribing System’s Design and Implementation

In order to meet the demands of collecting data of gas meter, electric energy meter and water meter, a centralized transcribing system is proposed. This system is based on EPON+LORA technology to set up the communication network, for transcribing and managing data; and design a platform that can realize data collection, data analysis, classification display, classification billing, fault classification, user management and other services.

Research on Case Design of Electric Energy Meters Reliability Detection Based on Equivalent Class

The existing test scheme of the automatic reliability testing device for electric energy meters has the problem that it is difficult to achieve comprehensive and efficient test according to the requirements of technical specifications. In order to improve the optimal design level of automatic reliability test scheme for electric energy meters, three common fault types, i.e. protocol consistency, limit type test and fault tolerant type test, are analyzed. Then on this basis, the design requirements of their common test items, the design ideas of test schemes and the basis of conformity judgment are studied respectively. On this basis, the design requirements of typical test items, the design ideas of test schemes and the basis of conformity judgment are analyzed respectively. Based on the theory of generating test cases of equivalent classes, the process of identifying and generating test cases of equivalent classes is given, and the process of simplifying test cases of equivalent classes based on decision table driving method is given. Finally, the factorial test design method and the method of generating test cases are compared by taking several different types of electric energy meters from different manufacturers as examples. The situation and test efficiency verify its effectiveness.

Sampling Statistics Research Based on Quality Evaluation of Electricity Meters from Different Manufacturers

It is of great significance to study and analyze the measurement performance and sampling inspection methods of smart meters, and to conduct sampling inspection according to the quality status of smart meters, so as to improve the reliability of smart meters. On the basis of qualified rate test and error test of electric energy meters, radar chart and Wilcoxon rank sum test method are adopted to carry out quality inspection comparison of electric energy meters of the same specification from different manufacturers, and sampling statistical test method is studied accordingly. The method described in this paper is suitable for quality analysis and sampling inspection of electric energy meters.

Research on Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Platform Based on Automatic Calibration System of Electric Energy Meter

To the problem that the operation and maintenance of the electric energy meter automatic verification system is large and the equipment fault location not accurate, a smart operation and maintenance platform is developed. The function and structure of the system are analyzed, and the application effect of the intelligent operation and maintenance platform is demonstrated. The actual operation results show that: The application of intelligent operation and maintenance platform improves the operation and maintenance efficiency of the energy meter automatic verification system, which produces a good economic and social benefits.

Development of DC Energy Meter for Renewable Energy Application

The world we live in, is becoming more and more dependent on electrical energy, which, sadly, still heavily relies on outdated techniques involving the burning of fossil fuels. Fortunately, more and more people are accepting the fact that this system simply isn’t sustainable in the longer-run. Even if air pollution wasn’t a huge factor, the shortage of these resources is something that is bound to happen in the nearest future, and it would pose an impassable obstacle towards the future growth of mankind. Hence, importance of renewable energy is such an important trend for the future of mankind. At present, net AC meters are available for measurement of four quadrant energy, which is used at output of both on grid and off grid solar inverter. This meter can measure both, energy fed into the grid and energy utilize from the grid. However Energy generated by solar panel cannot be measured directly. Even in off grid inverter the present net meter cannot measure energy generated by solar panel. In case of DC micro grid, where DC energy is used/ consumed directly by the load, the present net meter cannot be used as they can be used in AC energy measurement only. With the launch and implementation of national energy saving and emission reduction policies in relation to distributed power supply by renewable power generation, the DC energy metering technology will become an inevitable trend, breaking the landscape dominated by AC in the field of electric energy metering. This paper describes introduction, block diagram [1], Hardware and software description for development of dc energy meter.

Review on Electric Billing Energy Meters

Review on Electric Billing Energy Meters

Design of Online Calibration Device for Electric Energy Metering Based on GPS Synchronous Sampling

The error checking of electric energy meter is the basic function of on-line monitoring system of electric energy metering device. A kind of on-line error checking device for electric energy metering system of digital substation is studied. It includes signal sampling module, remote pulse acquisition module, GPS synchronization module and wireless communication module. The hardware design scheme and software design idea of the main link are introduced in detail. DDS power frequency conversion circuit is designed with AD9850 chip. The designed system has the function of high and low range adjustment of input voltage and current, and the error accuracy is better than 0.05, which can greatly improve the calibration efficiency.