Hypertension In Elderly Research Articles

家庭医生签约服务模式在农村老年高血压患者中的研究进展

家庭医生签约服务模式在农村老年高血压患者中的研究进展

Types of Empowerments on Improving Hypertension among Elderly: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease, often referred to as the silent killer disease, that mostly affects the elderly. Changes in body condition and unhealthy lifestyles cause hypertension in the elderly. Hypertension is basically a cause of high mortality and impacts expensive care for the elderly. The caregiver's lack of ability is one of the triggers for the severity of hypertension. The caregiver plays a crucial role in helping elderly people with hypertension become independent. Research on the empowerment of caregivers of elderly hypertensives is very diverse, but research on the most effective empowerment for caregivers is limited. Objective: This study aims to investigate the type of empowerment that improves hypertension in the elderly. Methods: The online databases include Science Direct, ProQuest, PubMed, Sage, Ebscohost, and Google Scholar. Articles were reviewed from 2018 to 2022. Protocol and evaluation of literature review using the PRISMA checklist and the Joanna Briggs Institute Guidelines. Results: A total of 15 articles define the types of empowerments, comprising 6 types of such as family empowerment (4 articles), social support (4 articles), adaptation (2 articles), education (3 articles), dyadic partnership (1 article), and multidisciplinary (1 article). The development of a caregiver empowerment model is expected to increase the ability to care for the elderly and have an impact on the self-management of hypertension. Conclusions: Empowering caregivers for elderly people with hypertension is an important step in ensuring that elderly people receive optimal care and are able to better manage their hypertension condition. The most common were family empowerment and social support.

Association between Arterial Stiffness and Higher Burden of Atrial Arrhythmia in Elderly Hypertensive Patients without Atrial Fibrillation

Association between Arterial Stiffness and Higher Burden of Atrial Arrhythmia in Elderly Hypertensive Patients without Atrial Fibrillation

Analysis of the Current Status and Influencing Factors of E-Health Literacy among Elderly Hypertensive Patients in the Community

Analysis of the Current Status and Influencing Factors of E-Health Literacy among Elderly Hypertensive Patients in the Community

Association between Arterial Stiffness and Higher Burden of Atrial Arrhythmia in Elderly Hypertensive Patients without Atrial Fibrillation.

Arterial stiffness is associated with higher burden of atrial arrhythmias and worsening left atrial function (conduit and reservoir), even before dilation of this cavity. PACs: premature atrial contractions; cfPWV: carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Increased arterial stiffness is currently an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation, but the pathophysiological mechanisms of this arrhythmia remain an area of knowledge gap to be explored. To investigate the existence of an association between arterial stiffness and the density of premature atrial contractions (PACs) in hypertensive individuals without atrial fibrillation. Cross-sectional study with hypertensive patients without diagnosed atrial fibrillation, who were studied with speckle-tracking echocardiography to assess left atrial (LA) strain and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) to assess arterial stiffness. All patients underwent 24h-ECG Holter and laboratory tests. Significance level was set at p<0.05. Seventy participants from a single centre without overt cardiovascular disease were included. The cfPWV was correlated with higher density of PACs in 24h-Holter monitoring, independently of LV mass index (1.48 [1.08-2.03], p-value 0.005). Increased cfPWV was correlated with decreased LA strain values, with Spearman correlation coefficients of -0.27 (p-value 0.027) and -0.29 (p-value 0.018) for reservoir and conduit 2D Strain, respectively. In this study with hypertensive patients, it was possible to demonstrate an association between arterial stiffness and higher density of atrial arrhythmias. Furthermore, arterial stiffness was associated with lower left atrial strain values for reservoir and conduit functions.

The Effectiveness of Benson Relaxation Therapy Through Family Empowerment on Reducing Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Elderly

Introduction. Hypertension is a degenerative disease affecting all ages, especially the elderly. This condition with poor management can cause fatal complications. One of the interventions to reduce blood pressure is the Benson relaxation technique which is very simple and can be practiced by patients themselves. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of Benson relaxation therapy through family empowerment on lowering blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension. Method. This research is quantitative with a pretest and post-test study design. A total of 44 respondents agreed to participate divided into intervention and control groups. This study was conducted in three three-month periods of data collection (July-September 2023) at one of the community health centers, in Indonesia. Instruments used in this study are measuring demographic characteristics and blood pressure observation. Result. The majority of respondents were aged 55-65 years old (54.5%) and female. There was a statistically significant effect of Benson Relaxation therapy through family empowerment on blood pressure in elderly hypertension with p-value 0.005. Discussion. It can be concluded that Benson Relaxation therapy through Family Empowerment is effective on the fourth day of measurement in reducing systolic blood pressure and effective on the third day of measurement in reducing diastolic blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension.

Analysis of Family Support and Knowledge of Hypertension Patients with Drug Compliance in Posbindu Sentralsari Village and East Central Village Toili District, Banggai District

Hypertension is a chronic disease and is a major risk factor for Hypertensive patients must have compliance in order to avoid various risks of other diseases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationshipfamily support and knowledge of hypertension sufferers with medication adherence in Posbindu Sentralsari Village and East Sentral Village, Toili District, Banggai Regency. In this study using a correlational analytic design with a cross sectional approach.The sample is some of the pre-elderly and elderly hypertension sufferers in Posbindu, Sentralsari Villageand East Central VillageToili District, Banggai Regency in January 2022 as many as 80 respondents, sampling method using simple random sampling technique. Data collection by using a questionnaire. Bivariate analysis using the Spearman Rank statistical test with a significant level of = 0.05. The results of the study showed that from 80 respondents. Many as 35 respondents (43.8%), most of the respondents had less knowledge as many as 47 respondents (58.8%) and almost half of the respondents were obedient to taking hypertension medication as many as 38 respondents (47, 5%).The results of data analysis using the Spearman Rank statistical test obtained P value &lt; 0.05 (0.000 &lt; 0.05) which meansthere isconnectionfamily support and knowledge of hypertension sufferers with medication adherence in Posbindu Sentralsari Village and East Sentral Village, Toili District, Banggai Regency. Lack of family support and the level of knowledge of hypertension sufferers who are less will affect non-compliance in taking hypertension medication, while good family support and good knowledge of hypertension sufferers will affect compliance in taking hypertension medication.

Mental Health of Elderly Hypertensive Patients in Primary Health Care: An Integrative Review

Introduction: The global context highlights several challenges and manifestations stemming from population aging, among which mental health care for elderly people stands out. Primary health care (PHC), the largest gateway to Brazil’s health care network, is strategic in promoting health and care, and in preventing diseases such as systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). It is known that elderly people with SAH present various symptoms of psychological distress and mental disorders that can aggravate cardiac symptoms. This can lead to health, social, and financial impacts on the lives of elderly people and their families. Objective: To identify the evidence on mental health care for hypertensive elderly people in PHC. Materials and methods: This is an integrative literature review; data was collected in January 2023 from the following databases: PubMed, BVS/Bireme, Medline, Lilacs, Cinahl, Scopus, and APA PsycINFO. The studies included were those available in full, in Spanish, English, and Portuguese, and which answered the research question elaborated following the PICo strategy. The article’s search and selection processes were performed independently by two trained researchers through peer review. The Prisma guidelines were followed. Results: The studies found were published between 2008 and 2020 and showed two analysis categories: integrated care provided by the multi-professional team and measures that emphasize health-related quality of life. The studies highlighted integrated care management programs, qualification of the bond and territorialization, health measures that have an impact on psychological suffering, and group activities. Conclusions: Mental health care provided in an integrated and shared manner, combined with health activities and groups, is a powerful tool for elderly hypertensive patients in PHC. These strategies still have some challenges in certain contexts, but the review emphasizes the importance of consolidating this form of care, provided in PHC and has outcomes at all levels of care.

Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy in Hypertensive Elderly with Acute Pain

Hypertension is a major health problem that occurs in the elderly. The prevalence of hypertension increases with ageing. Pain is a problem that can be caused by several conditions, such as hypertension. Progressive muscle relaxation therapy can be used to lower blood pressure. This research aims to determine the application of progressive muscle relaxation therapy in the elderly who experience hypertension with acute pain nursing problems. This research uses a case report method that describes the case of Mrs A, who has acute pain nursing problems at Dahlia room, UPT PSTW Jember. Nursing care is provided comprehensively for three days with a duration of 15 minutes for each meeting. The results were obtained after being given nursing care with progressive muscle relaxation therapy interventions. Namely, there was a decrease in pain levels and complaints of pain with results on the first day pre-intervention blood pressure 150/100 mmHg post-intervention 140/90 mmHg, and pre-intervention pain complaints scale 5 NRS post-intervention 5 NRS. On the fifth day, the results of pre-intervention blood pressure were 140/90 mmHg, post-intervention 130/90 mmHg, and pre-intervention pain complaints 3 NRS, post-intervention 3 NRS. The average blood pressure for five days was pre-intervention 144/98 mmHg, post-intervention 134/90 mmHg, and pre-intervention pain complaints 4.2 NRS post-intervention 3.8 NRS. Progressive muscle relaxation therapy, which is carried out three times with a duration of 15 minutes, can have an effect on reducing blood pressure and reducing acute pain problems.

Upaya Meningkatkan Kesadaran Masyarakat terhadap Hipertensi dan Pencegahannya pada Komunitas Lanjut Usia

World Health Organization (WHO) approximates 1.28 billion individual suffers hypertension, with 46% of them does not realize it, and only 1 of 5 hypertensive individual has their blood pressure controlled. Hypertension prevalence is still relatively high in the elderly population who live in nursing home. This is one of the main health adversities that often happens and should not be underestimated due to its risk of complications. Uncontrolled blood pressure is one of the main risk factor to the global disease burden and total of global death, contributing up to 9,4 millions of deaths (8,5% of the global total) annually. This activity aims to increase the knowledge of the community about hypertension in elderly who lives in nursing home to increase the quality of life and reducing the cost burden of therapies and treatments. We use PDCA activity method to ensure the program could run smoothly and efficiently. This activity included 34 elderly respondents of the St Fransiscus Community with the mean age of 4 (11,8%) years. We found that 4 (11,8%) of the respondents have uncontrolled blood pressure. With the implementation of this program, it is hoped that the public awareness of elderly hypertension and its prevention is increased, so that there will be increase of quality of life for the elderly in the future and relieving the economical burden.

BUILDING A HEALTHY COMMUNITY BY IMPROVING THE HEALTH OF THE ELDERLY IMPLEMENTATION THE DIARII PROGRAM IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN

Hypertension is still one of the most common diseases among the elderly. One of the areas where hypertension cases are still high is South Kalimantan. The elderly need internal and external support as a preventive measure to avoid further consequences of hypertension. The role of cadres in this case is very important to provide education about hypertension in the elderly. Community service was carried out with the aim of improving the quality of cadres in the care of the elderly, especially those suffering from hypertension, whose activities were carried out on 26 May 2023. The participants in this activity were 15 cadres and 40 elderly people. The activities were carried out for 3 weeks. The first week, the cadres were trained in gerontic care. The second week, the elderly hypertension and their families were counseled during the implementation of the DIARII programme. The third week, the elderly gymnastics activities were carried out. The service activities carried out received a positive response from the cadres and the community, considering that this is an effort to improve the performance of the cadres and to improve the quality of life of elderly groups with hypertension.

Adherence Behaviors and Related Factors Among Elderly Hypertensive Patients in China: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Non-adherence or partial adherence is the main reason for poor therapeutic effect of hypertension. This paper aims to assess adherence behaviors and related factors among elderly hypertensive patients in China. Participants aged ≥60 years, with hypertension, and with complete data in 2018 interviews of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. The adherence behaviors included medication, blood pressure monitoring and the combined adherence behaviors. Referring to the social-ecological theory, correlates of adherence behaviors were divided into three layers, namely demographic characteristics, health behaviors, living environment and retirement. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were performed to identify factors of adherence behaviors. The prevalence of medication adherence (76.58%) was higher than that of blood pressure monitoring adherence (20.08%), and the full adherence rate was 18.53%. Self-rated health status, smoking status, living area, and health education status were detected to be associated with medication adherence and blood pressure monitoring adherence (all p < 0.05). Gender, sleep duration, health examination, and physical exercise were also detected to be associated with blood pressure monitoring adherence (all p < 0.05). Self-rated health status and health education status were detected to be associated with partially and fully adherence, while age, living area, and life satisfaction were detected to be associated with partially adherence, smoking status, sleep duration, health examination, and pension reliance were detected to be associated with fully adherence (all p < 0.05). Our study reveals the poor adherence behaviors of elderly hypertensive patients in China. This is most evident among those who were male, 60-69 years old, living in rural areas, self-reported being healthier, those without health examination and health education. Targeting these vulnerable populations, we suggest to strengthen health education, increase the publicity of basic public health services and enhance the self-management ability of hypertensive patients.

RELATIONSHIP OF SPIRITUALITY, RELIGIOUSITY AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSIVE ELDERLY

RELATIONSHIP OF SPIRITUALITY, RELIGIOUSITY AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSIVE ELDERLY

Pembentukan Kelompok Peduli Penyakit Tidak Menular di Samigaluh, Kulon Progo

Based on observations, information was obtained that the elderly hypertension rate was quite high (70%) in Ngaran II Hamlet. Some of the possible causes are the lack of knowledge and public awareness about non-communicable diseases (NCD), in addition to the lack of cadres and equipment. This causes the Posyandu not to run optimally. Integrated activities for field supervisors and students include forming a NCD care group. NCD prevention and screening training was given to members of the NCD Care group, with material on blood pressure checks, simple blood tests and determination of body mass index. At the beginning and end of the training, an evaluation was conducted to assess the level of knowledge of the participants. The NCD care group consists of 9 health cadres. The training methods include theory, discussion, and practice. Participants were aged between 36-54 years (43.6) with 55.56% high school education and 44.44% junior high school education. Of the 9 participants, only 7 completed the test. It can be seen that there is an increase in knowledge from the average pretest score of 45.54 to 68.75 post-test score. Statistical test using Paired T-test showed a significant increase (p 0.001). It was concluded that the training succeeded in significantly increasing knowledge about NCDs and their prevention

Intensive blood pressure control on arterial stiffness among older patients with hypertension.

Arterial stiffening increases with age and blood pressure and is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the relationship between blood pressure lowering and arterial stiffening is still uncertain, especially in older people. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intensive blood pressure treatment on the progression of arterial stiffness and risk of CVD in older patients with hypertension. The Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients (STEP) trial was a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial performed at 42 clinical centers throughout China, and 8511 patients aged 60-80 years with essential hypertension were enrolled and randomly assigned to systolic blood pressure (SBP) target of 110 mmHg to <130 mmHg (intensive treatment) or 130 mmHg to <150 mmHg (standard treatment). Patients underwent repeated examinations of the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) at baseline, and the arterial stiffness was evaluated at the 3-year follow-up. A total of 5339 patients who had twice repeated measurements were included in this study. Changes in arterial stiffness between the intensive and standard treatment groups were analyzed using a multivariate linear regression model. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to evaluate the effect of intensive treatment on primary CVD outcomes. The changes in baPWV were 61.5 cm/s (95% confidence interval [CI]: 49.8-73.2 cm/s) in the intensive treatment group and 98.4 cm/s (95% CI: 86.7-110.1 cm/s) in the standard treatment group ( P <0.001). Intensive treatment significantly delayed the progression of arterial stiffness, with an annual change of 23.1 cm·s -1 ·year -1vs. 36.7 cm·s -1 ·year -1 of baPWV in the intensive and standard treatment groups, respectively. During a median follow-up period of 3.36 years, primary CVD outcomes occurred in 77 (2.9%) patients in the intensive treatment group compared with 93 (3.5%) in the standard treatment group. Intensive treatment resulted in a significantly lower CVD risk in patients aged 70-80 years or with SBP <140 mmHg. Intensive blood pressure control with an SBP target of 110 mmHg to <130 mmHg could delay the progression of arterial stiffness and reduce the risk of CVD in older patients with hypertension. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; No. NCT03015311.

Association of physical activity and stress reactivity with depression in elderly hypertensive population: A cross-sectional study from Eastern India.

Depressive disorder poses an increased risk for sudden cardiac death in elderly population with existing comorbidities. Also, few international studies suggest the association of decreased stress reactivity with symptoms of depression in old age. Our cross-sectional study has attempted to explore the relationship of daily exercise and stress reactivity with depression in elderly individuals with hypertension. Depression was assessed using Hamilton depression rating scale or HAM-D. The physical activity was assessed using the global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ), developed by WHO. Stress reactivity is calculated from various cardiovascular parameters. The relationship of physical activity and stress reactivity scores on depression was explored using regression analysis. The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms in elderly hypertension population was around 40.2%. Significantly lower reactivity scores (P = 0.032) to deep breathing were evident in elderly hypertension population. After proper adjustment of the confounding factors, regression analysis depicted that decreased physical activity (Odds ratio = 4.48; 95% Confidence interval = 2.32-7.69) resulted in heavy risk of developing depressive symptoms besides old age and low educational status. Our findings suggest that low physical activity leads to the development of depressive symptoms and decreased stress reactivity among elderly hypertensive patients.

Factors Affecting Mortality in Elderly Hypertensive Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Study.

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) endangers the health and survival of the elderly. We tried to explore factors especially kidney function which affected mortality in elderly hypertensive patients with COVID-19. We conducted a retrospective research of 748 COVID-19 elderly patients (≥65 years old) at Zhejiang Hospital. This study compared demographic data, laboratory values, comorbidities, treatments, and clinical outcomes of hypertension and non-hypertension participants, and subgroup analysis of age and frailty was conducted in the hypertension population. Survival analysis was used to determine risk factors for death in elderly patients with COVID-19. Our study revealed that the elderly hypertensive patients with COVID-19 had higher blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum uric acid (UA), serum creatinine (Scr), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), higher incidence of severity, admission to intensive care unit (ICU) and death, and longer in-hospital stay than non-hypertensive patients, which also occurred in the very elderly hypertensive patients compared with younger hypertensive patients and frail hypertensive patients compared with no-frail hypertensive patients. In addition, the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) was higher in the oldest old hypertensive patients and frail hypertensive patients. Multivariate survival analysis indicated that the independent risk factors for death from COVID-19 were age ≥80 years, heart failure, antiviral therapy, calcium channel blocker (CCB) therapy, mechanical ventilation, AKI, and eGFR<60 mL/min per 1.73 m2. The results of the present study suggested that the elderly hypertensive patients with COVID-19 would have more serious kidney injury, more serious disease progression and higher mortality, which also occurred in very elderly and frailty subgroup. Kidney dysfunction was closely related to mortality in elderly patients with COVID-19.

Access to Dental Services among Hypertensive Elderly in Peru: Exploring Patterns and Implications

Background: This study was conducted to determine access to dental services in the elderly with hypertension in Peru.&#x0D; Methods: Observational, analytical, and cross-sectional design. Data used for analysis in this research was collected from the Demographic and Family Health Survey of Peru (ENDES) from 2019 to 2021.&#x0D; Results: A Poisson regression analysis was performed a weighted sample for calculating prevalence ratio (PR) with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The multiple regression analysis did not find among the factors associated with the probability of using the dental health service, since neither the time less than two years of hypertension (PR=0.74, 95%CI 0.53 – 1.02); nor from 2 to 4 years (PR = 0.97, CI 95% 0.86 – 1.09); neither a time of hypertension from 5 years or more (PR = 0.94, CI 95% 0.85 – 1.03) were associated.&#x0D; Conclusion: The study concluded that hypertensive patient over 60 years of age, despite a previous diagnosis of hypertension or not, does not attend dental service, reflecting a lack of interest and a greater risk exposure to cardiovascular complications associated with oral health.

Effect of purified Shilajit (Asphaltum punjabianum) on oxidative stress, arterial stiffness and endothelial function in elderly with hypertension: A randomised controlled study

Objectives: Growing evidence showed involvement of vascular oxidative stress in the development of endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness and hypertension. Many clinical trials of antioxidants have proven unsuccessful in prevention of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. There is a need of new therapies that reduce age- and hypertension associated arterial stiffness in elderly individuals. We aimed to determine if shilajit (Asphaltum punjabianum), a natural phytocomplex which is immunomodulator, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiaging, can reduce oxidative stress and improve arterial function in the elderly with hypertension. Materials and Methods: A parallel arm, open-label randomised controlled study was conducted on 60 elderly patients with hypertension. Study-group participants received shilajit (500 mg-twice/day for 30 days) with antihypertensives while control-group participants received only antihypertensive therapy. Oxidative stress, arterial stiffness and endothelial function markers were assessed at baseline and after 30 days of treatment. Results: Between-group analysis showed a significant decrease in oxidative stress markers: Malondialdehyde (P &lt; 0.001) and oxidised-low-density lipoproteins (P = 0.015); and increase in total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.002), superoxide dismutase (P &lt; 0.001) and reduced glutathione (P &lt; 0.001) with complementary therapy of shilajit. There was no change in the markers of arterial stiffness and endothelial function. Conclusion: These findings suggest that shilajit may be of value as a natural antioxidant to reduce oxidative stress in elderly hypertension patients.

Analysis of Factors Affecting Compliance Taking Medicine for Elderly Hypertension Based Health Belief Models

Entering old age, more and more diseases attack the elderly, including high blood pressure. Most people with hypertension don't know they have hypertension because it has no symptoms, so it's often called the silent killer. Elderly people must adhere to treatment in cases of hypertension, especially by taking antihypertensive drugs. The problem faced by elderly people with hypertension is that most of them do not adhere to their medication. The behavior of following a doctor's advice comes from beliefs or perceptions. The health belief model is one of the theories based on faith. This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting medication adherence in the elderly with hypertension as a function of health belief regimen. This study uses a type of quantitative research. The study design used descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 107 elderly people with a sample of 100 elderly people with hypertension in the work area of Jenggawah Primary Health Center. The study will be conducted from April to May 2023. The instrument used in the study is a questionnaire. Based on the test results by SPSS using a logistic regression test with α of 0.05, perceived susceptibility p-value of 0.003, p-value of perceived severity of 0.036, p-value of perceived benefit is 0.682 observed, perceived barriers are found to be p-value 0.216, self-efficacy p value 0.081, cues to action p value 0.746. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the perception of susceptibility and the perception of severity on the adherence to drug treatment in the elderly with hypertension.