Elbow Vein Research Articles

TO EXPLORE THE RELATIVE RISK FACTORS OF THE PHENOMENON OF SLOW CORONARY FLOW

ObjectivesTo explore the relative risk factors and the possible pathogenesis of the phenomenon of slow coronary flow. Studies in the past show that the phenomenon of slow coronary flow is...

E0667 The role of RANTES factor in the study of hyperglycemia and coronary heart disease

ObjectiveTo study the correlative relationship of activated T cell chemokine (RANTES) and high blood glucose and coronary heart disease, and investigate the role of RANTES factor in hyperglycemia and coronary...

Application of contrast ultrasound in ablation treatment of liver cancer

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of contrast ultrasound (CEUS) in patient selection, efficacy verification and guidance during ablation treatment of liver cancer. Methods A to-tal of 168 focal liver lesions in 137 patients with liver cancer (131 with HCC, 6 with metastasis liver cancer-MLC) were examined using CEUS before and after ablation treatment. As for the CEUS, the low MI real time imaging technique-CPS and 2.4 ml SonoVue-the 2nd generation of ultrasound con-trast agent by bolus injection through the elbow vein were used. The effectiveness of ablation treat-ment was evaluated by CEUS after the ablation treatment. The results of CECT/CEMRI or biopsy ob-tained at the same stage with CEUS examination were adopted as gold standard. The biopsy diagnosis was obtained for all cases before ablation. Results Completed ablation was achieved in 91.1 % of 137 recruited cases (80 cases received microwave ablation, 57 multi-probe Ethanol ablation-QRA), un-completed ablation was observed in 8. 9 % cases, local recurrence was found in 8.3 % cases. Before ab-lation treatment, significant difference of tumor size pre and post contrast administration were ob-served in 4 patients(2.9%). More tumors were found for 16 cases, less tumor were found for 5 cases with CEUS comparing with un-enhanced US examination. Eight lesions were confirmed by CEUS but cannot be determined by un-enhanced US. There were 29 cases (21.2%) whose observed tumor num-ber was changed after SonoVue administration and the treatment protocol was changed for 12 cases (8.8%)due to the modification of tumor number after CEUS examination. After the ablation treat-ment, residue tumor tissue in 15 cases and local recurrence in 11 cases were confirmed by CEUS, which cannot he observed by no-enhanced US, and the re-ablations were performed under the guidance of CEUS. Meanwhile, there was one local recurrence lesion, and one lesion with residual tumor tissue hadn't been detected by CECT, but were confirmed by CEUS, and verified by biopsy later. Comparing with CECT/or CEMRI, the accuracy of diagnosis of the local recurrence lesion and residual tumor tis-sue after ablation treatment were 98.8 %. Conclusion Before the ablation treatment, CEUS can be helpful for selecting appropriate patients, making reasonable treatment protocol and detecting the tumor which cannot be seen under un-enhanced US. After the ablation treatment, CEUS can define ablation margin, provide accurate judgment for ablation result, sensitively detect the small residual tumor tissue and focal recurrence which cannot be detected by US. Meanwhile, CEUS can be used for guiding the needle when re-treatment is performed for residual tumor or focal recurrence. Key words: Liver neopeasms; Ultrasonography; Ablation treatment

Transposition of radial artery for reduction of excessive high-flow in autogenous arm accesses for hemodialysis

All surgical methods published to date for the reduction of excessive high-flow in native elbow fistulas for dialysis have limitations. We report a new surgical approach to flow reduction by transposition of the radial artery to the elbow level. From 1992 to 2008, 47 consecutive patients (22 women) with brachial artery to elbow vein autogenous fistula underwent flow reduction via replacement of brachial artery by transposed distal radial artery inflow. Fistulas were side-to-end either brachial-cephalic (19) or brachial-basilic (28). The indications were hand ischemia (4), cardiac failure (13), concerns about future cardiac dysfunction (23), and chronic venous hypertension resulting in aneurysmal degeneration of the vein (7). Mean patient age was 44 years, 11% were diabetic, 17% were smokers, and mean BMI was 22. Mean fistula age before flow reduction was 2.5 years. Technical success was 91% (43 of 47). The mean flow rate dropped by 66% +/- 14%. Clinical success in symptomatic patients was 75% (18 of 24). The fistula eventually had to be ligated in three cases of cardiac failure because of insufficient clinical improvement. All four patients with hand ischemia were cured, with no recurrence during follow-up. Primary patency rates at one and three years were 61% +/- 7% and 40% +/- 8%. Secondary patency rates at one and three years were 89% +/- 5% and 70% +/- 8%. Transposition of the radial artery, a safe and effective technique, might now be considered in the surgical armamentarium of flow reduction techniques.

FUNDAMENTAL AND CLINICAL STUDIES OF T-1982 (CEFBUPERAZONE) IN THE FIELD OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY

Fundamental and clinical studies on T-1982 (cefbuperazone), a new cephamycin antibiotic, in the field of obstetrics and gynecology were carried out, and the following results were obtained. The levels of T-1982 transferred to uterine artery, elbow vein and uterus were determined after intravenous drip infusion of 1.0 g for 1 or 2 hours. No difference of concentration between uterine artery and elbow vein was observed from 45 minutes to 5 hours after the end of administration. The concentration of T-1982 in uterine artery ranged from 9.8 to 48 micrograms/ml after drug administration, and decreased slowly, but remained at about 10 micrograms/ml even 5 hours after the end of administration. Endometrium exhibited comparatively higher concentration of T-1982, but the difference of concentration was not observed among the other uterine tissues. T-1982 concentration ratios of various uterine tissues to elbow vein blood ranged from 172 to 10.2%, and mean ratio was 34.7%. Also, T-1982 concentration of more than 3 micrograms/g in each tissue was maintained for 2 hours after the end of administration. Clinical results on abscess of Bartholin's gland (1) and adnexitis (1) were good, although bacteria were not detected. No side effects caused by the drug were observed. These results indicate the usefulness of T-1982 in the treatment of infections in obstetrics and gynecology.

Enhancing the Fibrinolytic Activity in Human Blood by Occlusion of Blood Vessels

SummaryThe lytic activity was measured in blood obtained from a superficial elbow vein when a cuff with a known pressure was attached above the elbow and compared with the activity in the blood taken at the same moment from the control arm without any pressure.1. Using a pressure 20 mm above the systolic pressure, no enhancement could be obtained in the first 10 minutes.2. Using a diastolic or systolic pressure during 3 minutes, the fibrinolytic activity was about 2.8 times the activity in the control sample.3. Using a pressure halfway the diastolic and systolic, the fibrinolytic activity after 3 minutes was about 3.5 times, and after 10 minutes about 11 times the activity in the control sample.