Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cell Line Research Articles

Antitumor properties of a methyl-β-d-galactopyranoside specific lectin from Kaempferia rotunda against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells

A lectin was isolated from the tuberous rhizome of Keampferia rotunda by using different chromatographic methods with the molecular weight of 21±1kDa. The lectin contained highest percentage of leucine and lowest percentage of tryptophan residues as determined by LC–MS. The lectin agglutinated mice and human erythrocytes and the hemagglutination activity was inhibited by Methyl-β-d-galactopyranoside. The lectin did not lose its activity in the presence of urea but the activity abolished completely when treated with EDTA. The lectin exhibited its activity at the pH ranging from 6.0 to 9.0 and in a temperature range of 30–80°C. Antiproliferative activity was studied against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and U87 cell lines. No inhibitory effect was observed against U87 cell line whereas 43.7% cell growth inhibition was observed in vitro against EAC cells at 160μg/ml. The lectin was injected (i.p.) in EAC bearing Swiss albino mice at the doses of 3.0 and 6.0mg/kg/day for five consecutive days and 41 and 59% of EAC cell growth inhibition was observed, respectively. The cell growth inhibition was due to the induction of apoptosis in the EAC cells which was confirmed by cell morphological study, caspase-3 inhibitor and apoptosis-related gene expression.

Cytotoxicity studies of II-VI semiconductor quantum dots on various cancer cell lines

Enhanced understanding of diseases at the molecular level has made a paradigm shift towards identifying new biological indicators especially in nanomaterials. It is important to make Quantum Dots (QDs) more than just passive bio-probes/labels for biological imaging and cellular studies as they offers “smart” multifunctional nano-platforms. For any biomedical, optoelectronic device application, evaluation of cytotoxicity coupled with cellular uptake and internalization of QDs are imperative. This paper describes the cytotoxic studies of hydrophilic and hydrophobic QDs, capped with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and oleic acid in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7, Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK-293) and Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cancer cells that indicated a concentration and time dependent response in a 48 hr assay. The enhanced fluorescence emitted from the cytoplasm confirmed that the QDs were efficiently internalized by the cells. 35% cytotoxicity was observed by core-shell ZnSe/CdSe QDs in HEK-293 cells, while the hydrophobic CdSe exhibited less cytotoxicity in both MCF-7 and EAC cell lines in 48 hrs. Increased LDH leakage and decreased MTT reduction was observed in a time dependent manner. The decrease rate of LDH was found in PVP-CdSe relative to the value obtained from untreated/control cells post 24 hr. The oleic acid coating renders the core-shell CdSe QDs to be more hydrophobic thus making them less toxic due to possibly weak interaction with the cells, and low ionization of cadmium. Based on our experimental observation the sequence of cytotoxicity of tested QDs was hydrophilic greater than hydrophobic in all three cell lines.

Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Novel 4-Anilinoquinazoline Derivatives Mediated by Up-Regulation of Bax and Activation of Poly(ADP-ribose) Phosphatase in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells

Quinazolines are very important class of heterocyclic compounds with antitumor properties. In search of novel anti-tumour agents, a series of 4-anilinoquinazolines were synthesized and characterized using proton and 13C NMR, Fourier transform infrared and mass spectroscopic techniques. These compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic effect on ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells using MTT assay. Among the tested compounds, compound N-(3-((6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline-4-yl)amino)phenyl)-4-nitrobenzene sulfonamide exhibited more potent activity with an IC50 value of 10.29 ± 1.14 μM against ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell line. in vivo studies using compound N-(3-((6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline-4-yl)amino)phenyl)-4-nitrobenzene sulfonamide (4G) showed that there was reduction in the mice body weight, ascites volume and decrease in cell number. Mice treated with compound 4G showed higher survivability compared with that of control mice. The cells treated with compound 4G also exhibited typical morphological changes of apoptotic damages. Further, compound 4G induced tumour cell death by activating pro-apoptotic protein Bax which activates caspase-3 which in turn cleaves poly (ADP- ribose) polymerase and causes DNA fragmentation. Thus, our results strongly conclude that our compound 4G acts as a antincancer agent by inducing apoptosis in ehrlish ascites carcinoma cells.

Comparative in vitro Cytotoxic Studies of Novel 8-(4'/2'-Methoxy/Unsubstituted phenylcarbamoyl)bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Derivatives on Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cell Line.

Novel bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives were synthesized by an efficient methodology from acetoacetanilide, 2-methoxy and 4-methoxyacetoacetanilides, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene and triethylamine. The structures of the compounds were characterized by UV/Visible, FTIR, (1)H NMR and 2D-correlation spectroscopy analysis. The in vitro cytotoxic studies were performed using Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cell line by Trypan blue dye exclusion assay and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cell proliferation assay. The IC50 values of the 8-(4'-/2'-methoxy/unsubstituted phenylcarbamoyl)bicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes were found to be 110.65 μg/ml, 148.23 μg/ml and 151.71 μg/ml, respectively. Thus (4-methoxyphenylcarbomyl)bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane was more potent compared to other two bicyclic adducts.

Novel mesoporous Gd3+ doped Cr2O3 nanomaterials: Synthesis, characterization, catalytic and antitumor applications

Novel Gd3+ doped Cr2O3 nanomaterials were successfully prepared by impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, EDS, UV–vis and N2 adsorption. XRD data showed that the particles were crystalline and the Gd3+-doping enhanced the decreasing the crystallite size of Cr2O3 nanomaterial. Optical studies for pure and Gd3+ doped Cr2O3 nanomaterials exhibited blue shift compared with that of bulk Cr2O3 due to quantum confined exciton absorption. The surface areas of all doped nanomaterials were increased by more than 80% compared to pure Cr2O3 catalyst because of higher nitrogen adsorption capacity. It was observed that the presence of Gd3+ ion as a dopant significantly promoted the ethanol oxidation and ethylene production for Cr2O3 catalyst. In this study, the optimum amount of Gd3+-doping was 1mol%, which had the smallest crystallite size, the highest surface area and much blue shift in UV–vis spectra, and thereby the highest catalytic activity was achieved. Meanwhile, the pure and highly active Gd3+ doped Cr2O3 nanomaterials (1mol%) were applied for antitumor activity toward Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cell line. Moreover, the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) was 50 and 33.5μg/mL, respectively.

Synthesis, characterization, and antioxidant/cytotoxic activity of new chromone Schiff base nano-complexes of Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II)

A chromone Schiff base complexes of Zn(II) (1), Cu(II) (2), Ni(II) (3) and Co(II) (4) were successfully prepared in nano domain with crystalline or amorphous structures. The spectroscopic data revealed that the Schiff base ligand behaves as a monoanionic tridentate ligand. The metal complexes exhibited octahedral geometry. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis showed that Cu(II) complex have aggregated nanospheres morphology. The obtained nano-complexes were tested as antioxidant and antitumor agents. The H2L and its Cu(II) complex (2) were found to be more potent antioxidant (IC50(H2L) = 0.93 μM; IC50(Cu(II) complex) = 1.1 μM than standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 2.1 μM) as evaluated by DPPH∙ method. The H2L and its complexes (1–4) were tested for their in vitro cytotoxicity against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cell line (EAC). The Cu(II) nano-complex (2) effectively inhibited EAC growth with IC50 value of 47 μM in comparison with its parent compound and other prepared complexes. The high antioxidant activity and antitumor activity of Cu(II) nano-complex (2) were attributed to their chemical structure, Cu(II) reducing capacity, and nanosize property. The toxicity test on mice showed that Zn(II) (1) and Cu(II) (2) nano-complex have lower toxicity than the standard cis-platin.

Screening for antioxidant, antifungal, and antitumor activities of aqueous extracts of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla)

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the optimum conditions to isolate aqueous extracts of chamomile seeds at different pHs and modify chemically by means of sulfation. In this work, the extracts of chamomile seeds were obtained by means of water extraction (80°C) at three different concentrations (acidic, neutral, and alkaline conditions), followed by sulfation with chlorosulfonic acid. Materials and methods In all obtained extracts and sulfated derivatives, the content of total phenols and flavonoids was determined. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were measured using the diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity method and displayed, in general, the moderate activity for all studied extracts. The agar diffusion method was utilized to screen the antifungal effects of both extracts and their sulfated derivatives. The antitumor effect of extracts at different concentrations (300, 600, and 900 μg/ml) was measured microscopically using the cell cancer viability test. Results The aqueous extracts and their corresponding sulfates produced the same activity against two strains of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinum at the concentration of 40 μg/disc as compared with the reference commercial fungicidal griseofulvin. The activity of all extracts revealed slight inhibition of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell line growth. Conclusion Water extracts of chamomile plant seeds obtained at different pH conditions demonstrated moderate antioxidant, antifungal, and antitumor activities. Further studies are needed to increase the efficiency of extraction methods to increase phenolic and flavonoid proportions in extracts.

In vitro cytotoxic activity of rhizome extracts of Cyperus rotundus (L.) against colon carcinoma and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma

Cyperus rotundus (L.) is a perennial herb belonging to family Cyperaceae having tremendous medicinal properties and it has been used in various formulations of Indian system of medicine. This study was designed to investigate the in vitro anticancer potential of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Cyperus rotundus (L.).The cytotoxicity was assessed using SRB Assay and Trypan blue assay against human colon cancer cell line (HCT-116) and Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cell lines. Results of SRB assay on HCT-116 cells indicated an IC50 value of 517.828 µg/ml for aqueous extract and that 72.06 µg/ml for ethanol extract. In trypan blue assay, IC50 values of 2158.63 µg/ml and 160.19 µg/ml were obtained for aqueous and ethanol extracts respectively on EAC cells. Positive control Doxorubicin exhibited IC50 of 11.221 µg/ml and 23.325 µg/ml against HCT-116 and EAC cells respectively. Findings from this study prospect the possible use of C. rotundus as a potential anticancer agent.

Anticancer activity of Cyanothece sp. strain extracts from Egypt: First record

ObjectiveTo assess the anticancer activity of eight cyanobacterial hydrophilic extracts on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell line. MethodsThe cyanobacterial strains used in the investigation were collected from diverse habitats in Egypt. The initial cytotoxicity test of cyanobacterial hydrophilic extracts was carried out by MTT assay. The in vitro anticancer activity of the four most active extracts was performed on MCF-7 cells using sulforhodamine B assay. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to characterise identity of the isolate from which the most potent cytotoxic extract was obtained. ResultsExtracts from four cyanobacterial strains had higher cytotoxic activities scoring 76.68%, 77.70%, 76.70% and 74.45%, respectively. A considerable anticancer effect was only detected when the concentrated extracts were used. One cyanobacterial extract gave the highest anticancer activity on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (57.6% of inhibition) as compared to control. The isolate was best-matched to Cyanothece sp. with sequence resemblance 98% to Cyanothece sp. strain PCC7564 and the phylogenetic analysis confirmed its close identity to the Cyanothece genus. ConclusionsThis is the first study to report the anticancer effect of aqueous extracts derived from the unicellular Cyanothece sp. from Egypt and its potential as a plausible candidate for future mass biotechnological applications.

Biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesis using the extract of the medicinal plant Clerodendron serratum and its in-vitro antiproliferative activity

The present study was aimed at the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous extract of Clerodendron serratum (AECS) leaves and testing their potential in vitro anticancer activity using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines. This medicinal plant was found to be rich in polyphenol glycosides and two compounds-baicalein and quercetin 3-O-β-d-glucoside was isolated from the extract. The biologically synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV–vis spectrophotometry, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The antiproliferative ability of the AgNPs was evaluated using cell viability and MTT assays and the results showed that biosynthesized AgNPs possesses significant in vitro antiproliferative activity.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of new curcumin analogues as antioxidant and antitumor agents: Molecular modeling study

New curcumin analogues have been synthesized and their antioxidant activities were investigated by measuring their free radical scavenging capacities. The in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities of the synthesized compounds on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell line were evaluated. 4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(5-ethyl-7-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,3a,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c] pyridin-2-yl)thiazole 7h showed excellent antineoplastic activity in both in vitro and in vivo studies more than that of tested compounds and reference drug, cisplatin. Different molecular modeling studies were performed, where docking of compound 7h into telomerase active site suggested that it could exert its antitumor potential by telomerase inhibition.

SYNTHESIS, REACTIONS, AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOME TRIAZINE DERIVATIVES CONTAINING SULFA DRUG MOIETIES.

Thienyl-triazine-sulphonamide conjugates were prepared from their precursor amines using triethyl orthoformate or ethyl chloroformate as cross coupling reagents. The progress of these reactions was investigated by spectral (IR, NMR, MS) and microanalytical techniques. The synthesized compounds were in vitro screened for antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer activity. 4-[({[3-Mercapto-5-oxo-6-[2-(2-thienyl)yinyl]-1,2,4-triazin- 4(5H)-yl]imino}methyl)amino]-benzenesulfonamide turned out to be a powerful antibacterial agent, while all the compounds prepared were inactive against fungal species tested. 4-{[({8-Cyano-4-oxo-3-[2-(2-thienyl)vinyl- 4H,8H-[1,2,4]triazino[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-7-yl}amino)(ethoxy)methyl]amino}benzenesulfonamide displayed in vitro promising cytotoxicity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell line with concurrent attenuation of malonodinitrile and it was unique among other compounds being unable to increase glutathione S-transferase and reduced glutathione S-transferase activities. This compound exhibited also good antioxidant properties that together with its cytotoxicity nominated it for further investigation in cancer research.

Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of isatinyl‐2‐aminobenzoylhydrazone: synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity

This article describes the synthesis, structural aspects and biological studies of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of a new hydrazone derived from the condensation of isatin and 2‐aminobenzoylhydrazide. The ligand is well characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D HETCOR, mass and IR spectral studies. The chelating tendency of the ligand towards transition metal ions is established using analytical and spectral studies, which reveal the monobasic tridentate nature of the ligand. Octahedral geometry for Co(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) and tetrahedral geometry for Ni(II) are tentatively proposed. All the synthesized compounds were screened for in vitro anticancer activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and human cancer cell lines (adenocarcinoma HT29, kidney cancer cell line K293 and breast cancer cell line MDA231) using tryphan blue exclusion method and MTT assay. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF SOLANUM INCANUM, ELETTARIA CARDAMOMUM AND ZINGIBER OFFICINALE, USED TRADITIONALLY TO TREAT PATHOGENIC MICROBES

The use and search for antibiotics derived from plants have been accelerated in recent years. Three plants, used traditionally as medicine and as food additives were collected and extracted with hot water, methanol, diethyl-ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform. The used plants were Solanum incanum, Elettaria cardamomum and Zingiber officinale. The plant extracts were screened for their inhibitory effects on eight bacterial and seven fungal pathogens using agar well diffusion method. It was shown that methanol extract was more effective as compared to hot water, diethyl-ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts. Inhibition zone diameters of the methanol extracts of the used plants ranged from 10 to 29 mm and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) from 50 to 150 μg/ml. No toxicity was found using Artimia salina as test organism. Antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and Lymphoma cell line was recorded only for S. incanum extract

ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIFUNGAL, ANTITUMOR AND TOXICITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF SALVIA OFFICINALIS, THYMUS VULGARIS, EUGENIA CARYOPHYLLATA AND ARTEMISIA ABSINTHIUM

Essential oils are aromatic and volatile liquids extracted from plants. The chemicals in essential oils are secondary metabolites, which play an important role in plant defense as they often possess antimicrobial properties. In this study, essential oils of four plants were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against eight bacterial pathogens and seven fungal strains. The used plants were Salvia officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, Eugenia caryophyllata and Artemisia absinthium. All of plants essential oils showed antibacterial and antifungal activities. Zones of inhibition against pathogenic bacteria ranged from 10 to 28 mm and MIC from 25 to 150 µg/ml, while zones of inhibition against fungal strains ranged from 10 to 26 mm and MIC from 25 to 150 µg/ml. Cytotoxicity against Artimia salina and antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and Lymphoma cell line were investigated. A. absinthium showed the best antitumor activity on Lymphoma cell line with moderate cytotoxic effect on Artimia salina. Analysis of A. absinthium essential oil by GC-MS discovered two major compounds; camphor and fenchone which may be involved in the biological activity of the plant extract

IN VIVO EVALUATION OF ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF NOVEL 6-FLUORO-3-(PIPERIDIN-4-YL) BENZO [D]ISOXAZOLE DERIVATIVES AGAINST EHRLICH ASCITES CARCINOMA IN MICE

The aim of the present study is to investigate the anticancer properties of newly synthesized benzisoxazole derivatives (S1-S4) in Swiss albino mice against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cell line. The anticancer activity of synthesized molecules and 5 fluorouracil was investigated against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) tumor in mice at dose of 20 mg/kg body weight (orally and intra peritoneally). Acute oral toxicity studies were performed to ensure the safety of the molecules. EAC cells were injected (i.p.) into ninety six mice (divided into 6 equal groups), and after a one-day incubation period, both molecules and drug was administered to the mice daily for 14 days. On day 15, 6 animals in each group were sacrificed for observation of anticancer activity like mean increase in body weight and viability of cancer cells. Whereas mean survival rate and percentage of increase in life span was conducted for a period of 6 weeks. Administration of the synthesized molecules resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in tumor volume and viable cell count, and increased non-viable cell count and mean survival time, resulting in increase of the life span of the EAC-bearing mice. The results indicate that the synthesized molecules (S2 and S3) exhibited significant anticancer activity comparable to that of standard drug 5 fluorouracil.

&lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; Anticancer Activity of Ethanolic Extract of &lt;i&gt;Euphorbia hirta&lt;/i&gt; (L.)

In the present study, In vitro anticancer effects of Euphorbia hirta were investigated. The objectives of this study are to find the presence of secondary metabolites by preliminary phytochemical investigation and FTIR analysis in the Euphorbia hirta. Ethanolic leaf extract of Euphorbia hirta was tested for its cytotoxicity against Dalton Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cell lines using preliminary screening technique (Trypan Blue method and standard MTT colorimetric method). The Euphorbia hirta leaf extract was found to be more cytotoxic against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cell lines when compared to cytotoxic activity against Dalton Lymphoma Ascites cell lines where as 59.67% cytotoxicity were noticed against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cell lines. Extract of Euphorbia hirta showed a dose-dependent reduction of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in the Carcinoma cell lines cells. Ethanolic leaf extract of Euphorbia hirta showed potent cytotoxic activity against DLA and EAC cell lines and its IC50 value was found to be 560.83ìg/ml and 384.7 ìg/ml of extract respectively. The in vitro outcomes of Euphorbia hirta extract showed potent anticancer effect against both DLA and EAC cell lines.

Synthesis, spectroscopic, thermal, free radical scavenging ability, and antitumor activity studies of cobalt(II) metformin complex

New [Co(Mfn-HCl)2(NO3)2] · 6H2O complex has been synthesized and characterized using microanalytical, molar conductance, spectroscopic (IR and UV-Vis), effective magnetic moment, and thermal analyses. The infrared spectroscopic results data received from the comparison between free Mfn · HCl ligand and its cobalt(II) complex proved that Metformin forms complex with cobalt(II) ions as a bidentate ligand through its two imino groups. The antioxidant activity of the Mfn · HCl and Co(II)-2Mfn · HCl complex were evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Antitumor activity for Mfn · HCl ligand and its cobalt(II) complex was determined using Ehrlich Ascites carcinoma cell (EACC) line. It has been shown that the Co(II)-Mfn · HCl complex is much more effective as free radical scavenger and has higher antitumor activity than the free Mfn · HCl ligand.

CYTOTOXICITY, ANTITUMOUR AND ANTICARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY OF CURCUMA LONGA ESSENTIAL OIL

In the present study, we have evaluated the antitumour and anticarcinogenic activity of turmeric essential oil in vivo. Turmeric essential oil was found to have significant in vitro cytotoxic activity against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites cells (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cancer cell lines. Concentration needed for 50% cytotoxicity (IC50) was 8 μg for DLA cells and 18 μg to EAC cell lines. Oral administration of turmeric essential oil was found to significantly increase the life span (56.25%) of Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) induced ascites tumour bearing mice as well as significantly reduced (P&lt;0.001) the solid tumours. 3-Methyl cholanthrene induced sarcoma development was also delayed and there was significant increase in the life span of mice after oral administration of turmeric essential oil. Moreover, turmeric essential oil significantly (P&lt;0.001) inhibited phenobarbitone induced cytochrome p450 enzyme activity in rats.

Synthesis and tumor inhibitory activity of novel coumarin analogs targeting angiogenesis and apoptosis

A sequence of coumarin analogs 5a–j was obtained by multi step synthesis from hydroxy benzophenones (1a–j). The in vitro antiproliferative effect of the title compounds was tested against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and Daltons lymphoma ascites (DLA) cell lines. Among the series, compound 5c with bromo group in the benzophenone moiety was endowed with excellent antiproliferative potency with significant IC50 value. Further, in vivo antitumor effect of compound 5c against murine EAC and solid DL tumor model system was evident by the extended survivality. The tumor inhibitory mechanism of compound 5c was due to the antiangiogenesis and promotion of apoptosis. These results suggest possible applications of compound 5c which could be developed as a potent anticancer drug in the near future.