Egypt Air Research Articles

Assessing Green Marketing Practices and their Impact on the Satisfaction of Egypt Air Customers

Assessing Green Marketing Practices and their Impact on the Satisfaction of Egypt Air Customers

Comparison between PCO2 Gap, Lactate and Procalcitonin as Predictors of Clinical Outcome in ICU Septic Patients

Abstract Background Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, if not recognized early and managed promptly, it can lead to septic shock, multiple organ failure and death. Sepsis is associated with high mortality, and the early recognition of the signs of tissue hypo perfusion is crucial in its management. Aim The aim of the study was to compare between PCO2 gap, serum lactate and procalcitonin as predictors of clinical outcomes in ICU septic patients regarding 28 days mortality or developing septic shock or multiorgan failure (MOF). Patients and Method This prospective observational study was carried out in the ICU of Ain Shams university hospitals and Egypt air hospital. The study was done on 80 cases. Inclusion criteria: Adult septic patients ≥ 21 years old. Exclusion criteria: Patients with history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma or died <48 h of admission. Method: All patients were subjected to complete history taking and Physical examinations to exclude systemic diseases. Investigational Studies: Routine laboratory investigations: complete blood count (CBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), liver and kidney functions, PT, PTT and INR. Serum lactate: was done on admission then after 48 hours. PCO2 arterial and central venous (PCo2gap): was done on admission then after 48 hours. Procalcitonin: on admission then after 48 hours. APACHE ΙΙ and SOFA scores were recorded on admission. Results patients were classified in to 2 groups according to mortality: survivors group & non survivors group, survivors were n = 60(75%) and non survivors were n = 20(25%). Regarding serum lactate on 1st day of admission and after 48 h, it revealed that survivors group showed significant reduction in serum lactate level at 48 h compared to baseline (p < 0.001). while in non-survivors group there was statistically significant increase in serum lactate after 48 h than at 1st day of admission (P < 0.001), the cutoff point of s. lactate on 1st day was >3.97 mmo/l showed sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 93.33%, while after 48 hours the cutoff point of s.lactate was >2.68mmo/l showed sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%. Regarding PCO2 gap on 1st day of admission and after 48 h, it revealed that survivors group showed significant reduction in PCO2 gap after 48 h compared to baseline (p < 0.001). However, non-survivors group showed an increase in PCO2 gap after 48 h compared to baseline with statistical significance (p < 0.001), the cutoff point of PCO2 gap on 1st day was >7.48 mmHg gave sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 90%. While the cutoff point of PCO2 gap after 48 h. was >6.2 mmHg gave sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 95%. Regarding procalcitonin on 1st day of admission and after 48 h, it revealed that survivors group showed significant reduction in procalcitonin after 48 h compared to baseline (p < 0.001). Non-survivors group showed significant increase in procalcitonin after 48 h compared to baseline (p < 0.001), the cutoff point of procalcitonin on 1st day was >2.336 ng/ml gave sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 81.67%. While the cutoff point of procalcitonin after 48h. was >2.14 ng/ml gave sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 85%. Regarding APACHE II severity score on 1st day it revealed that survivors group ranged between 5-17, while in non survivors group ranged between 15-26, revealed that higher APACHE II score associated significantly with increased mortality in non-survivors compared to survivors group (P < 0.0001). Regarding SOFA severity score on 1st day of admission in survivors group ranged between 1-13,while in non survivors group ranged between 10-17. SOFA score was significantly higher in non-survivors compared to survivors group (P < 0.0001). MOF were 25(41.7%) in survivors group and 20(100%) in non-survivors group, there was statistical significant higher frequency of MOF in non-survivors group than survivors group (P < 0.001). Patients who developed septic shock and required vasopressors were 43(71.7%) in survivors group and 20(100%) in non-survivors group, there was statistical significant higher frequency of vasopressors requirement in non-survivors group than survivors group (P = 0.007). Conclusion PCO2 gap, serum lactate and procalcitonin in addition to severity scores (APACHE II & SOFA scores) were identified as predictors of clinical outcome in ICU septic patients. Serum lactate followed by PCO2 gap then procalcitonin had comparable prognostic accuracy with severity scores (on admission and after 48 h).

The Impact of Using Airline Mobile Applications on Passenger Satisfaction in Egypt Air

The Impact of Using Airline Mobile Applications on Passenger Satisfaction in Egypt Air

The Effect of Linking Customers’ Purchasing Intention to the Brand to the Application on Airline Companies (Egypt Air)

The Effect of Linking Customers’ Purchasing Intention to the Brand to the Application on Airline Companies (Egypt Air)

The Role of Digital Transformation in Improving the Competitiveness and Operational Processes of Airlines" Case Study: Egypt Air"

The Role of Digital Transformation in Improving the Competitiveness and Operational Processes of Airlines" Case Study: Egypt Air"

The Impact of Holistic Marketing on the Marketing Flexibility of Airlines: A Case Study of Egypt Air

The Impact of Holistic Marketing on the Marketing Flexibility of Airlines: A Case Study of Egypt Air

Marketing Egypt Air Advertising Campaigns on Social Networking Sites

Marketing Egypt Air Advertising Campaigns on Social Networking Sites

Airlines fleet assignment prediction model for new flights using deep neural network

<span lang="EN-US">Airline fleet assignment is the process of allocating different types of aircraft to different scheduled flight legs in order to reduce operating costs and increase revenue. In this research, flights data records from Egypt Air airlines was employed to build an intelligent fleet assignment model to predict the optimal fleet type for new flights. Deep neural network (DNN) and support vector machines (SVM) was used for model formulations. We evaluated the performance of models on a fleet type prediction. The research results showed that various accuracy levels of fleet type multiclass classifications were attained by the models. In terms of accuracy, the deep neural network performed better than support vector machines. Besides, airline companies can use our proposed model for fleet type prediction for new flight with desired parameter values 5, 20 and 250 for hidden layers, number of neuron and number of epochs respectively if they use the same structure for data attributes.</span>

The Mediating Role of Employee Resilience on The Relationship Between Human Resource Management practices and Innovative Work Behaviors: An Applied study on Egypt Air in Cairo

The Mediating Role of Employee Resilience on The Relationship Between Human Resource Management practices and Innovative Work Behaviors: An Applied study on Egypt Air in Cairo

Cognitive impairment in recipients of liver transplantation and relation to hepatic encephalopathy

BackgroundLiver transplantation (LT) helped to save the life of end stage liver disease (ESLD) patients; however, there is a debate on the persistence of cognitive impairment. The study aimed to evaluate cognitive functions in patients with ESLD before and after liver transplantation and to assess its relation to hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Thirty recipients 47.6 ± 11 years undergone living donor liver transplantation at the transplantation center of both Ain Shams Center for Organ Transplant and Egypt air organ transplant unit were prospectively assessed by Trail Making Test, Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised, Benton Visual Retention—for the evaluation of cognitive functions before and 3 months after transplantation.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 47.6 ± 11 years, 17 males and 13 females. Eight out of 30 (26.7%) had past history of hepatic encephalopathy. The study reported significant improvement in the post-operative 3 months scores of Trail Making Test part (A), the digit span forward test, digit span backward test and the correct score difference of the Benton Visual Retention, as p value was (0.02), (0.01) (0.02), and (0.01) respectively, compared to the pre-operative scores. However, there was no difference in the scores of part (B), verbal association I, II, information subtest of WMS. Cognitive performance showed no significant difference between patients with or without history of HE.ConclusionsPatients with ESLD have significant cognitive impairment that showed improvement after LT; HE did not correlate with cognitive function. Hence, transplantation has a favorable outcome on the cognitive impairment.

The impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on The Air Transport: A Case Study of Egypt air

On March 5, 2020, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) estimated that the aviation sector lost between $ 63 billion and $ 113 billion in revenue due to reduced passenger numbers. The Union estimated revenue losses at nearly $ 30 billion, and here the focus is on the extent of the damage to the travel sector and the global economy, that the collapse of business that the aviation sector witnessed following the Corona pandemic could eliminate 46 million jobs around the world, and in Egypt air traffic stopped The Ministry of Foreign Affairs after the beginning of the spread of the Corona virus, and Egypt Air's losses reached 1.2 billion pounds per month as of April 2020 since a decision was issued by the Council of Ministers on March 19, 2020 to suspend foreign air traffic due to the spread of the Corona virus pandemic as part of the state's precautionary measures, and these measures have affected the economies The company. The field study relied on the qualitative approach by interviews with the directors of Egypt Air or their representatives to answer the study’s questions and achieve its objectives, which aim at the impact of the new Corona virus on the economies of air transport in Egypt in terms of management, operations, operation and economics for this sector

The impact of digital technology on the development of human resources competencies in Travel and Tourism sector: Case study Egypt Air company

This research aims to study the correlational and significant relationship of digital technology that develops the human resources competencies by studying the EgyptAir case. This study applies the descriptive analytical approach supported by methods of statistical analysis. A survey was conducted for a random 200 employees from all the company departments, including the administration, and it was designed based on the five-reply question Likert scale. The study results showed several points, the most important of them, that there are no differences in the statistical evidence among the surveyed sample about the importance of using digital technology in EgyptAir and developing the human resources competencies. Moreover, as conducted from the questioner, there is a positive impact of using digital technology and developing human resources competencies in EgyptAir. Which gives a good indication about the validity of the research that there is a statistically proved relationship between digital technology and its ability to develop human resources and competencies. In addition, a number of recommendations were made to contribute to improving and developing the competencies of the human resources and would assist the decision-makers in supporting competencies of human resources of EgyptAir.

SOCIAL INTERACTION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE SYCHOLOGICAL BALANCE OF THE WORKERS IN THE FIELD OF AVIATION TRAINING

The study aimed in general to identify the importance of social interaction and its impact on the psychological balance of workers in the field of aviation training and its reflection on their professional performance within the work environment and its reflection on the success of the aviation industry that serves all activities in all different life environments. This study relied on the descriptive and comparative approach, as it revealed the relationship between social interaction, psychological balance and professional performance of the study sample of workers in the field of aviation training, and a comparison between pilots, air traffic controllers and administrators. The study sample consisted of n = (150) divided into 50 pilots, 50 air traffic controllers, '50 administrators working in the field of aviation, and the sample was intentionally chosen by the Egyptian Academy of Aviation Sciences and Egypt Air, and 3 measures were used from the researcher's preparation (social interaction scale, psychological balance scale, performance scale Professional) .In addition to the socio-economic level scale of Dr. Muhammad Saafan 2016, the researcher used the SPSS statistical program to analyze and process the data, and the Pearson coefficient was used to ensure the validity of the internal consistency of the questionnaire, as well as to find the Pearson correlation coefficient between each dimension and the total degree of the questionnaire, the Spearman Brown factor for half segmentation and the Alpha Cronbach coefficient to ensure the stability Study tool. The results of the study resulted in a statistically significant relationship in the social interaction between pilots and air traffic controllers in the direction of pilots, as well as the existence of a statistically significant relationship in the psychological balance between pilots compared to air traffic controllers towards pilots, and there is also a statistically significant relationship in the professional performance between pilots and air traffic controllers. In the direction of pilots - there is a statistically significant relationship on the three variables between air traffic controllers and administrative staff towards air traffic controllers. The recommendations of the study included attention to highlighting the role of the air traffic controller and its importance and attention to training a second row to increase the number of air traffic controllers to reduce the intensity of professional pressure, which leads to increased social interaction with them As well as psychological balance, which is the most important axes of psychological stability and mental health .

The Effect of Brand Authenticity toward Emotional Brand Attachment: The Moderating Role of Brand Image

In the airline industry, brand authenticity and Emotional brand attachment (EMA) are important constructs. This study aims to investigate a conceptual model displaying the brand authenticity effect on EMA using a multi-dimensional scale. The study proposed the moderating role of Brand Image in the proposed model by using Income and Education as Control variables. A structural equation modeling approach (SEM) by using WarpPLS 7 program was adapted to analyze the data collected from 320 Egypt Air customers working in the Arab Gulf region through a web survey by using Snowballing techniques. The findings indicate statistical support for all brand authenticity dimensions (Brand Heritage -Quality commitment- Uniqueness- Symbolism) on EMA. Brand Image enhances the influence of uniqueness on EMA. Brand image doesn’t enhance influence of three dimensions of brand authenticity (Brand Heritage -Quality commitment- Symbolism) on EMA. Overall, this study provides a theoretical and empirical contribution to the marketing literature, particularly in the customer attitude context.

Impact of e- interactivity features on the behavioral and attitudinal loyalty to Egypt air airline

This paper investigated the impact of e-interactivity features on the behavioral and attitudinal loyalty to the Egypt air airline. The goal of the investigation is to examine perceived interactivity in a model which includes most commonly practiced by Egypt air website. More specifically, a model is constructed to confirm the relationship of e-interactivity (responsiveness, personalization/customization, playfulness, ease of use, connectedness) with e-satisfaction and loyalty. About 1500 questionnaire was downloaded on the Website of (Google forms) during the period (15 August -15 November 2017). It has been electronically sent to users of Egypt air website, at their Facebook accounts. Only 127 questionnaires were returned completed and useable packets. With a response rate 8.5%. The results revealed that all variables selected of einteractivity are correlated significantly with level of e-satisfaction. In addition, it was found that e-satisfaction contributes strongly to predict the loyalty in general and particularly the attitudinal loyalty.

Assessing Passenger Attitudes and Perception towards Service Quality of Egypt Air In-Flight Services by Using Satisfaction Measure

Perception and attitudes towards airlines is an interesting subject for people travelling regularly, or not so regularly, by air. The subject is frequently discussed, and often one discovers that the discussion partner has some peculiar view on the topic. This makes one wonder about the average passenger's opinion. This research looks at passengers' Attitudes and perceptions towards Service Quality of Egypt Air In-Flight Services by Using Satisfaction Measure Perception and attitudes towards airlines is an interesting subject for people travelling regularly, or not so regularly, by air. The subject is frequently discussed, and often one discovers that the discussion partner has some peculiar view on the topic. This makes one wonder about the average passenger's opinion. This research looks at passengers' Attitudes and perceptions towards Service Quality of Egypt Air In-Flight Services by Using Satisfaction Measure The findings of this research will help Egypt Air to redefine their marketing strategy to one that is passengers-focused and emphasizes on Egypt Air In-Flight Services quality The research thus recommended that airline managers should improve on the quality of service rendered to passengers since it is one of the determinants of the airline image and the airline image also determines the passengers‟ choice of repeat patronage

A Comparative Study of Residual Volume in Donors for Living Donor Liver Transplantation

Abstract Introduction Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) was introduced in 1989 to overcome the severe shortage of size-matched DD organs for pediatric recipients. Given the increasing shortage of DD grafts for adults in North America and Europe, living donation (LD) was now being explored as a potential solution to the shortage of DD organs for adults also. Aim This study aims at the exploration of this last point. Whether or not minimizing the residual volume in donors after LDLT affects donors’ morbidity. Concentration will be on postoperative donors’ bilirubin level, liver transaminases pattern and complications according to Clavien’s scale. Patients and Methods It is a Comparative Retrospective Observational Cohort study included 44 liver donors operated upon in Ain Shams Specialized Hospital Liver Transplantation Unit and in Egypt Air Liver Transplantation Unit from January 2014 to April 2017. Results There was no significant difference between two groups regards age, gender, fibrosis, steatosis, operation center, postoperative bilirubin (After how many days it returned to normal, maximum and mean postoperative bilirubin), postoperative complications (didn’t pass grade 2 in group A and grade 3 in group B), liver enzymes (postoperative AST and ALT) and Hospital stay, There were no difference between the two groups in the follow up except for elevation of liver enzymes that didn’t return to normal for more than 15 days in donor 9 and elevation of bilirubin in donors 3, 4 and 10 in group (A) and in donors 13, 24, 25, 26, 32, 33 and 43 in group (B). Conclusion It is concluded that donors with low RVs “not less than 33%” could be chosen and operated upon with no significant complications postoperatively that could affect donors’ safety, We suggest that regular follow up of donors is recommended for 5 years. Also more research regarding RV, donors’ safety, selection and complications is recommended as Egypt is the first country in liver disease worldwide.

Graft and patient survival in portal vein thrombosis in living donor liver transplantation

Abstract Background and Rational To date, only few studies have evaluated the benefits of anticoagulation in individuals with cirrhosis. An obvious goal of anticoagulation is PV recanalization: when cirrhotic individuals with PVT are treated with anticoagulation, complete recanalization has been described in 33–45% while partial PV recanalization is observed in 15–35% of cases. LDLT has emerged as the alternative life-saving treatment to DDLT. Over the past 2 decades, the number of LDLTs has steadily increased in many transplant centers, especially in Asia. The separation between occlusive and non-occlusive thrombosis is very important; in patients with partial PVT, post-transplant mortality outcomes are no different from non-PVT patients but it is significantly increased in patients with complete PVT. Patients and Methods This randomized prospective study will include 79 patients who will undergo LDLT in Ain Shams Specialized and Egypt Air hospitals, there are two groups of patients according to presence of portal vein thrombosis or not group A 39 patients of non PVT and group B 40 patient of PVT including different grades of PVT according Yerdel classification. Results In this study, there is no significant difference between groups regard age but Males were significantly associated with group B. In this study, there is no significant difference between groups regard CHILD and MELD scores and this findings. In our study there is no significantly difference between groups A and B regarding ICU stay, hospital stay and cell saver. In this study, comparisons of the PVT patients and controls showed no statistical significant differences regard HA thrombosis, post operative pulmonary embolism and biliary leak but PV rethrombosis is significantly associated with PVT patients, mortality sig associated with PVT patients. Conclusion The outcomes of patients with PVT who underwent LDLT are inferior to those without PVT. Patients with PVT has lower survival rate, higher postoperative PV rethrombosis.

Salvage Living Donor Liver Transplantation (SLDLT) as a Treatment Modality for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer all over the world. Salvage livingdonor liver transplantation (SLDLT) has been proposed for patients who developed HCC recurrence after primaryresection or liver deterioration in patients undergoing liver resection (LR).Aim of the work: The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the patient survival and cancer recurrencerates between patients who underwent (SLDLT) and (PLT) in our centers between 2014 and 2018.Patients and methods: A retrospective study was conducted on total of 110 HCC patients who underwentLDLT for HCC from January 2014 till January 2018 by the same surgical team at 3 centers (Ain Shams UniversitySpecialized Hospital, Wadi-ElNile Hospital and Egypt Air Hospital). Patients were divided into two groups. Group Aincluded primary LDLT for 95 cases which were within Milan criteria and group B for SLDLT was performed in 15cases.Results: Among the 110 HCC patients, 95 (86.4%) underwent PLT, and 15 (13.6%) underwent SLT for HCCrecurrence after the primary resection. The operative time was significantly more (P value=0.001) in the SLTrecipients group, as the median operative time was (10) hours while it was (8) hours in the PLT recipients group. Forall post-operative complications, no statistical significant difference was found between the PLT and SLT recipients.Similar rates were observed as regard the overall survival between the SLT and PLT recipients. However, the 1year, 3 year and 5 year disease-free survival rates were 94.5%, 93.0%, and 92.1% in PLT recipients, compared torecurrence that occurred in 1 patient after 9 months (6.7 %) in SLT recipients which was not significantly differentstatistically.Conclusion: Our study shows that SLT is a safe and technically feasible procedure for patients who developed HCCrecurrence following primary liver resection. Also, the survival rates were similar to PLT.

Low residual volume in donors for living donor liver transplantation, donor safety

Background Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for cirrhotic patients, decompensated disease, fulminant hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinomas within Milan criteria. In the past decades, liver transplantation has progressed from an experimental approach with a very high mortality to an almost ordinary procedure with good short-term and long-term survival rates. Aim The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between donor recovery, postoperative complications, and the volume of remnant liver. Patients and methods This is a retrospective observational cohort study that included 63 liver donors operated upon in Ain Shams Specialized Hospital and in Egypt Air Hospital from January 2016 to January 2018, who were divided into in two groups: group A with residual volume with Middle Hepatic Vein (MHV) ranging from 33 to 35% with 19 donors in it, and group B with residual volume with MHV ranging from 35 to 38% with 44 donors in it. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding age, sex, steatosis, and operation center. Comparing the two groups according to postoperative bilirubin resulted in no significant difference between the two groups. Moreover, comparing complications [grade according to modified Clavien scale of post-operative complications (P=0.966), as well as type ‘respiratory, cardiac, vascular, wound infection, intraperitoneal hematoma, biliary complications, pancreatitis, hernia, and multiple complications’ (P=0.499)] did not result in any statistical difference between the two groups in spite of the mild complications. Conclusion Low residual volume up to 33% in donors of living-donor liver transplantation does not affect their safety, as there is no difference in the increase in the recovery period. Moreover, there is no significant difference in postoperative complications rate regarding donors with residual volume more than 35%, and at the same time, increase the availability of liver graft for patients in need for transplantation.