Personal Effort Research Articles

The impact of cybersecurity on SMEs strategies through technological infrastructure in Balqa governorate

The technological infrastructure is the basis for the successful implementation and operation of information systems in small and medium enterprises. The study aimed to demonstrate the impact of cybersecurity on entrepreneurship strategies in small and medium enterprises. Through technological infrastructure in Balqa Governorate. The study population consisted of small and medium enterprises in Balqa Governorate in Jordan. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach and relied on the questionnaire to collect data. The sample size was 360 individuals were randomly select. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was use to analyze the data. The study reached a set of results, including that the management of small and medium enterprises is committed to continuous supervision and control of customer information. Dealing with reliable parties to ensure the confidentiality of information, following strict standards for disclosure and circulation of customer data and information based on legal texts. Maintaining the privacy of customers’ financial data, in addition to supporting the successes of individuals based on the personal efforts of employees, providing a suitable work environment for employees, sustaining excellence and achievement, and working to increase awareness among its employees of the importance of innovation and creativity in work. The study recommended that customer data confidentiality should be consider a top priority for small and medium enterprises. The data should be stored in more than one place at the same time, that project websites should follow a privacy policy, and that the customer’s identity should be verify before submitting his data and documents, by involving employees in small and medium enterprises in specialized courses and workshops to demonstrate the importance of data and information confidentiality.

Effect of Students’ Personal Agency on Academic Compliance: An Experimental Study

Academic compliance is originally an externally handled action, which means that students tend to follow the directions provided to them by various authorities such as teachers, administration, and so forth. Modern trends in education are based on the principal assumption that students can make choices that are in their best interest. In this context, it is proposed that if the issue of academic compliance, which is originally an externally handled action, becomes a function of students’ agency, it may lead to improvement in many aspects of students’ overall academic engagement and performance. The present study aims to understand the influence of students’ personal agency on their academic compliance within the context of higher education institutions in India, from the regions of Delhi and National Capital Region (NCR), Mumbai and Pondicherry. Employing an embedded mixed-method design, the current research integrated a matched pair scenario experiment regarding students’ compliance towards timely submission of assignments, along with content analysis of descriptions provided by participants about their perception towards compliance. The findings revealed a significant increase in academic compliance among students exposed to interventions aimed at enhancing their personal agency through dimensions of personal agency: shared practices and socialization in the institution. The content analysis underscored the multifaceted nature of compliance, highlighting factors such as acknowledgement of personal efforts, compliance to authority, importance of academic performance, and a perceived lack of concern for peers as determinants of compliance.

Early scientific research training links to the innovation ability of medical undergraduates and postgraduates

Scientific research training (SRT) is crucial for fostering skills and innovation in college students. However, the status of SRT in medical undergraduates and postgraduates, as well as the impact of early SRT on students’ innovation abilities, remain largely unknown. This study assessed the role of SRT in culturing innovation abilities among medical students. The results revealed that undergraduates exhibited a greater understanding of scientific research compared to postgraduates. Notably, undergraduates demonstrated a higher level of understanding of SRT in contrast to postgraduates (81.26% vs. 56.97%). A significant proportion (>70%) of undergraduates had engaged in research activities early in their academic journey, with an average participation duration exceeding 1 year. Moreover, undergraduates initiated their involvement in SRT during the first- and second- year of undergraduates, which was earlier than postgraduates. Personal interest emerged as a primary motivator for engaging in SRT, with postgraduates exhibiting higher research aspirations and achieving greater research outcomes. Postgraduates also received more substantial guidance from advisors, leading to enhanced academic performance compared to undergraduates (90.7% vs. 67.59%). Interestingly, students expressed satisfaction with laboratory conditions and attributed their academic success to personal efforts. These findings underscore the importance of early SRT in cultivating the innovation abilities of medical students.

Students’ perceptions about school achievement amid disruptive times

This study investigates the primary factors influencing school achievement during the COVID-19 pandemic from students’ perspectives. The pandemic exacerbated educational inequalities, emphasizing the essential role of teacher effectiveness in boosting student achievement and the significant impact of remote learning challenges. Using focus groups with 74 Portuguese students, this study explores how teacher quality, student engagement, and personal effort contribute to academic success. Results reveal that students credit their success to effective teachers but take personal responsibility for poor performance. Despite literature suggesting the importance of educational leadership, students perceived daily interactions with teachers as more influential. The transition to online learning posed significant challenges, including access to materials and technical issues, which affected student engagement and well-being. Students expressed the need for better workload management and varied assessment methods.

Local Potential Management for Poverty Alleviation in Maluku

Poverty, as a social problem, has a significant impact on human life. Therefore, various theories have been produced for poverty alleviation, followed by various policies. It is carried out by the governments of sovereign countries, organizations, families, and personal efforts. Nevertheless, poverty still exists and even shows fluctuating numbers, as if poverty cannot be eradicated from the lives of humanity. The Central Bureau of Statistics shows that Indonesia’s population in March 2023 reached 280.73 million people with a poverty rate of 9.36% or 29.9 million people, above the average poor population of the world community. In Maluku, the poverty rate was 16.42% in September 2023, which represents 301.61 thousand people. It is an increase from the previous year, which places the poverty of the Maluku people above the average of the world’s poor and the average of the poor in Indonesia. Through research with a unique sociological approach to system theory by Talcott Parsons with his AGIL, it was found that in rural communities, especially in sago-producing countries, poverty can be alleviated not in a moment but sustainably with the quality of life of the community and the quality of the environment that constantly increases. Through qualitative research conducted, it was found that managing and cultivating sago regularly will have an impact on increasing community income, the emergence of new water sources resulting in the emergence of many aquatic animals, the opening of various business lands, the natural environment becomes cool and fertile, and various other benefits. In this way, poverty can be erased in sago-producing communities, with the quality of community life and the environment continuing to improve. Keywords: local potential, poverty alleviation, Maluku

The Convergence of Artificial Intelligence and Human Marketing: A Framework for Enhanced Customer Insights and Personalization

This article examines the transformative integration of artificial intelligence and human expertise in modern marketing analytics, focusing on customer insight generation and personalization strategies. We present a comprehensive framework for human-AI collaboration in marketing operations through a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative analysis of customer data from 127 retail organizations and qualitative interviews with 34 marketing professionals. The findings reveal that organizations implementing AI-enhanced customer analytics in conjunction with human-driven creative strategy achieved a 47% improvement in customer engagement metrics and a 31% increase in conversion rates compared to traditional approaches. The article demonstrates that while AI excels at real-time pattern recognition and predictive modeling of customer behavior, human marketers provide crucial emotional intelligence and contextual interpretation that significantly enhance the effectiveness of personalization efforts. The article introduces the Dual Intelligence Marketing Framework (DIMF), which outlines optimal integration points between AI capabilities and human expertise throughout the customer journey. The framework addresses critical challenges in implementation, including technical infrastructure requirements, talent adaptation, and ethical considerations. This article contributes to both theoretical understanding and practical application of AI in marketing, offering actionable insights for organizations seeking to leverage the complementary strengths of artificial and human intelligence in their marketing operations.

Constructing Talent and Flexibility in Focus Group Discussions on Inequality and Unemployment in Greece

ABSTRACTThis article examines the ways in which participants construct talent and flexibility in accounts of income inequality and (un)employment in Greece. Eight (8) focus groups with forty‐one (41) Greek citizens, aged 18–65 years were conducted. Analysis used the principles of Critical Discursive Social Psychology (CDSP). Participants were asked to evaluate the compensation that should be given to employees from different professional categories and to discuss changes in the Greek (un)employment policy. Findings indicated that in the first conversational context, talent (as one's inherent characteristic or as a byproduct of personal effort) was constructed as important for professional success. Besides, putting the right (talented) person in the right job was constituted as necessary for achieving maximum productivity. On the other hand, in the second conversational context, when participants discussed the new law on unemployment, they underscored the obligation of the unemployed to conform with the labour market's needs, regardless of their qualifications or talents. The ideal unemployed individual was represented as highly active and adaptable, while productivity was linked to flexibility. The discussion relates these potentially contradictory argumentative lines mobilised by participants to dilemmatic aspects of neoliberal ideology and its reproduction.

Caring about one's legacy relates to constructive coping with climate change

Climate change is an existential threat facing humankind, and one that we must productively cope with as its most severe consequences come to pass. In the present investigation we theorize that one way that people may cope with an existential threat is through personal legacy-building efforts. In three correlational studies (N = 855) including samples from the U.S. and a diverse global cohort including the Global South and East, we found that people construe their proenvironmental behaviors as legacy-building activities, and that doing so relates to the perceived effectiveness of a behavior, as well as the reported frequency of engaging in a behavior. Further, we found that people who were motivated to leave a legacy grounded in the desire to have a positive impact on others also tended to be more concerned about climate change, but not paralyzed by such concern, indicated by a negative or non-significant correlation with climate change anxiety, a positive correlation with constructive hope and active coping, and negative correlations with hope based in denial and avoidant coping.

Transformational Leadership of Educational Institution Administrators under the Office of the Vocational Education Commission, Chonburi Province

Background and Aims: This research has the following objectives: 1) to study the level of transformational leadership behavior of school administrators under the Office of the Vocational Education Commission, Chonburi Province. 2) To compare opinions about the transformational leadership behavior of school administrators in Chonburi Province. 3) To find ways to develop transformational leadership of school administrators under the Office of the Vocational Education Commission, Chonburi Province. Methodology: The sample used in this research consisted of 276 school administrators and teachers. The sample size was determined according to Krejci and Morgan's table. and use stratified random sampling The research instrument was a questionnaire with a 5-level rating scale. Which has a consistency index between 0.80 - 1.00 and the confidence value of all questionnaires is equal to 0.98. For data analysis, statistics are used, including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, T-value and F-value tests. Results: The results of the research are as follows: (1) the transformational leadership of educational institution administrators under the Office of the Vocational Education Commission, Chonburi Province, overall and in each area, is at a high level. (2) Results of comparing opinions about transformational leadership of school administrators classified by position and work experience. It was found that overall and in each aspect there were no differences. But when classified by educational level It was found that there was a statistical significant difference at the 0.05 level. (3) Guidelines for developing transformational leadership among school administrators are divided into 3 approaches: 1) development by external agencies, 2) development by educational institutions, and 3) development by oneself. Conclusion: The study finds that transformational leadership among educational institution administrators in Chonburi is generally high, with no significant differences based on position or work experience, but the educational level has a significant impact. External agencies, educational institutions, and personal efforts can all help to develop this type of leadership.

The mediating effect of problem-focused coping on the relationship between emotional clarity and mental health among older adults.

Individuals who can recognize emotions well are better able to identify and accept their feelings and manage them. This study examined the mediation of problem-focused coping in the pathway through which emotional clarity predicts higher life satisfaction and lower depression in older adults. In total, 150 older adults (75 male and 75 female, aged 60-69 years, with a mean of 64.53 [SD = 2.49]) participated in a face-to-face survey, answering questions on emotional clarity, problem-focused coping, life satisfaction, and depression. Emotional clarity was associated with higher life satisfaction and lower depression in older adults. People who were aware of their emotions well were in better emotional condition. Mediation analysis revealed that problem-focused coping mediated the positive relationship between emotional clarity and life satisfaction and the negative relationship between emotional clarity and depression. Older adults who understand their own emotions tend to deal with emotional events in a problem-focused manner, leading to high life satisfaction and low depression. This study identifies cognitive conditions for increasing life satisfaction and preventing depression in later life and offers suggestions for personal and social efforts to maintain mental health.

Subjective Well-Being of Students with Disabilities in Kazakhstan: An Exploration of Practice

This study aims to examine the factors that mediate the impact of physical disabilities on the subjective well-being of learners with disabilities in Kazakhstan. Classified as descriptive research, the study sample consists of students from four to eight Kazakh language classes in Almaty, Kazakhstan, totaling 76 male and female students. Subjective vitality is considered one of the indicators of subjective well-being. The data show that the meaningfulness of life has the strongest correlation with the Vt-d scale. The study findings also reveal that personal efforts, an active role in one's own situation, and a desire for self-development serve as the foundation for harmonious personal development and subjective well-being. An analysis of variance reveals a statistically significant effect of disability on life satisfaction; however, the vast y majority of differences appear at the trend level and/or are caused by the combined impact of gender and disability factors. The study's findings enable the development of recommendations for educational policymakers and specialists working in the disability assistance system.

Да навлезем в науката с игри

The young researchers from the „Let‘s get into science with games” club and students from the fifth grades in 199th Secondary School „St. Apostol Yoan Bogoslov“ took part in a workshop on the occasion of World Kidney Day. For this purpose, internet resources suitable for their age, worksheets for developing their health literacy and foreign language skills, as well as a set of didactic materials with a practical focus were prepared. We are proud to say that the children have taken new steps in favor of sustainable development. Discover our thematic activities related to our participation in a global community that can achieve much more through the personal efforts of each of us. Being part of a global campaign for two years in a row, we contributed to achieving a common goal – a healthy lifestyle through better awareness and quality education. The practice was tested in 2023 and 2024 with students from 199th Secondary School „St. Apostol Yoan Bogoslov“. It is intended for students in junior high school. It was held in the form of a workshop with the thematic direction “Health and quality of life” within the global campaign World kidney day 2023 and 2024.

Code-Switching in Translation: Linguistic Analysis of Multilingual Texts and their Translations

This research explores the occurrence of code-switching in translation, focusing on instances where translators switch between languages within the same textual context, both intentionally and unintentionally. This study investigated the influence of linguistic factors such as language structure, semantic complexity, and intended communicative purpose on code-switching. The analysis employs qualitative methods to identify the strategies and challenges that translators face in managing code-switching. The study reveals that code-switching significantly contributes to semantic and cultural nuances in multilingual texts, emphasizing its critical role in translation accuracy and reader comprehension. The findings offer theoretical understanding and practical guidance for translation practice, enhancing the framework of multilingual translation studies. This research highlights the importance of code-switching in preserving the integrity and richness of multilingual communication in translated works. This study was conducted through the author's personal efforts without any external funding or grants.

SUPPORTED EMPLOYMENT – THE WAY TO INTEGRATION AND INDEPENDENCE FOR PEOPLE IN A HOMELESSNESS CRISIS

The supported employment model for homeless people is based on a holistic approach that combines professional, housing, health, and social support. The innovative nature of the presented model includes students as assistants supporting people in a homelessness crisis since young people particularly appreciate professional activity as a way to develop and meet basic needs and, as a result, to solve problems. Students make a personal effort and, at the same time, invest in their professional future. Simultaneously, their enthusiasm and commitment to solving some problems and their innovative approach may be important for the people who are supported in a homelessness crisis. A key element of the supported employment directed at such people is an individual approach to the needs of each person and long-term cooperation between institutions.Thanks to this, people with the problem of homelessness have a chance to permanently integrate into the labor market and return to full independence in their lives.

THE ROLE OF TEACHER TRAINING IN FACILITATING THE ADOPTION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ART EDUCATION

As technology plays an increasingly prominent role in education, the undeniable need for training programs aimed at equipping teachers with digital technology skills in art education becomes evident. This case study, conducted within the Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University framework, examines teacher training programs, the challenges teachers face in integrating technology, and art faculty members' learning motivations andpreferences. The research employs a descriptive survey, utilizing a questionnaire to collect data. Participants included 25 art professors from the Art Education, Graphic Design, and Visual Arts departments, who responded to questions about teaching methods across three areas: experientiallearning, self-directed learning, and institutional learning. The results indicate that the teachers' level of self-directed learning, with an average of 3.7, was higher than experiential and institutional learning. Thissuggests that teachers are making considerable personal efforts to improve their skills. Additionally, they rated the necessity of institutional training programs as 4.0 (very high), though the challenges they face when using technology were rated at 2.9.The findings reveal that teachers' academic rank influences their perspectives on digital technologies. These insights can help pave the way for educational institutions in Kazakhstan to develop more technology-driven curricula in the future.

The future image as a component of political subjective space: testing the conceptual model

The image of the future of youth is described in this paper and its relationship with the subjective space of politics is identified. The article provides a brief analysis of research on the image of the future within the framework of social and political sciences, describes the main theoretical approaches to analyzing the future image of youth. The authors give their own conceptual definition of the future image as a component of the political subjective space, a set of symbolic, ideological and cultural meanings that determine the orientation and behavior of various political actors. The authors as a methodology use focus group interviews, online questionnaires of youth representatives in order to verify the conceptual model of the study. The dynamic nature of the future image as a part of political subjective space is determined by a system of institutions, agents and factors of socialization. Five key components have been identified in the structure of the future image: content, value, emotions, activity and technology. Four projection levels of the future image are defined: personal, group, projection at the level of the macro community and global. The study indicates the predominance of personal projection in the respondents' ideas about the future. Despite the presence of worries and fears for their personal future, young people are generally confident in their own future and believe that the Russian state will continue to play an important role as a world power. An important characteristic of the future image is the subjectivity of its bearer, the degree of activity or proactivity and the willingness to take responsibility for their own future and the future of their families, local community, region, country, and the world. Locus control, that is, a subjective assessment of the factors (personal efforts or external circumstances) on which the future depends, according to the study, is associated with the degree of confidence in the future, the formation of a positive future image. The predominance of civic identity in the hierarchy of identities is also revealed. Young people feel responsible for the future of their country. At the moment, Russian civic identity has a positive impact on the future image of young people. It is significant that among students studying in the Luhansk People's Republic, the level of concern about the future is higher, the level of civil identity is lower, which indicates that the task of forming civil identity should be prioritized in the new regions of the Russian Federation.

Provoking lucid dreams at home with sensory cues paired with pre-sleep cognitive training

The ability to realize that you’re dreaming — lucid dreaming — has value for personal goals and for consciousness research. One route to lucid dreaming is to first undergo pre-sleep training with sensory cues and then receive those cues during REM sleep. This method, Targeted Lucidity Reactivation (TLR), does not demand extensive personal effort but generally requires concurrent polysomnography to guide cue delivery. Here we translated TLR from a laboratory procedure to a smartphone-based procedure without polysomnography. In a first experiment, participants reported increased lucid dreaming with TLR compared to during the prior week. In a second experiment, we showed increased lucidity with TLR compared to blinded control procedures on alternate nights. Cues during sleep were effective when they were the same sounds from pre-sleep training. Increased lucid dreaming can be ascribed to a strong link formed during training between the sounds and a mindset of carefully analyzing one’s current experience.

Lay Theories for Social Anxiety: Examining the Impact of Viewing Social Anxiety as Malleable Due to Personal Effort versus Fixed in Nature in a Non-clinical Sample

Lay Theories for Social Anxiety: Examining the Impact of Viewing Social Anxiety as Malleable Due to Personal Effort versus Fixed in Nature in a Non-clinical Sample

SÍNDROME BURNOUT: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS

The Burnout syndrome can be defined as one of the most striking consequences of professional stress in the area, being characterized as a reaction to chronic emotional stress generated from direct contact, excessive and stressful with work. This disease causes the person decrease the interest in the work, so that the relationships and events cease to matter and any personal effort seems useless. This article aims to review the scientific literature that addresses the burnout syndrome in nursing professionals, identifying its most important aspects. For screening was used selection of national and international publications with publication period between 1992 and 2012. The proposed study was considered important because it is a current issue that needs a design and implementation of strategies that can contribute to improving the quality of life in professional nursing daily, making the care/caring one-way street in the professional relationship X client health X organization. We conclude this research, there is a close relationship between burnout syndrome and the absence of life quality in professional.

THE APPROACH TO LIBERATION AND SALVATION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BUDDHIST NIRVANA AND CHRISTIAN REDEMPTION: Understanding the Philosophy of religion in Buddhism and Christianity

This study offers a comparative analysis of liberation in Buddhism, focusing on Nirvana, and salvation in Christianity, emphasizing redemption. It explores how Buddhism and Christianity address the fundamental human quest for spiritual fulfillment. The analysis reveals that Buddhism views Nirvana as the cessation of suffering through the extinction of desires and ignorance, rather than simply a state of bliss. Christianity, on the other hand, presents redemption as a transformative process involving faith, repentance, and spiritual rebirth, rather than solely relying on divine grace. The study highlights that while Buddhism emphasizes personal effort through ethical conduct and meditation, Christianity combines divine grace with personal commitment and adherence to Christ’s teachings. By emphasizing the nuanced interplay of personal effort and spiritual guidance in both traditions, the study provides a more balanced understanding of how each religion addresses the quest for liberation and salvation.