Efficient Analytical Approach Research Articles

A study of fractional order Ambartsumian equation involving exponential decay kernel

<abstract> Recently, non-singular fractional operators have a significant role in the modeling of real-world problems. Specifically, the Caputo-Fabrizio operators are used to study better dynamics of memory processes. In this paper, under the non-singular fractional operator with exponential decay kernel, we analyze the Ambartsumian equation qualitatively and computationally. We deduce the result of the existence of at least one solution to the proposed equation through Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem. Also, we utilize the Banach fixed point theorem to derive the result concerned with unique solution. We use the concept of functional analysis to show that the proposed equation is Ulam-Hyers and Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stable. We use an efficient analytical approach to compute a semi-analytical solution to the proposed problem. The convergence of the series solution to an exact solution is proved through non-linear analysis. Lastly, we present the solution for different fractional orders. </abstract>

Detection of sivelestat and its metabolite in small volumes of plasma from Chinese ALI/ARDS patients with SIRS via high-throughput UPLC-MS/MS: A pharmacokinetic study

In this study, we developed a sensitive and efficient analytical approach combining a 96-well plate-based protein precipitation strategy with ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) in order to assess the pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of sivelestat and its metabolite XW-IMP-A in samples of plasma from ALI/ARDS patients with SIRS. The samples were separated via gradient elution with a C18 column (Phenomenex Kinetex, C18, 2.6 μm, 100 Å, 50 × 2.1 mm) using 0.1 % formic acid aqueous solution (A) and acetonitrile-methanol (1:1, V:V) (B) as a mobile phase at a 0.6 mL/min flow rate. UPLC-MS/MS spectra were generated in positive ion mode, and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to detect the following transitions: m/z 435.1 → 360.0 for sivelestat, m/z 469.0 → 394.0 for sivelestat-IS, m/z 351.0 → 276.0 for XW-IMP-A, and m/z 384.9 → 310.0 for XW-IMP-A-IS. This assay was run for 2.5 min in total, and achieved lowest limit of quantitation values of 2.0 ng/mL and 0.5 ng/mL for sivelestat and XW-IMP-A, respectively, while remaining highly linear from 2−500 ng/mL for sivelestat (r2 ≥ 0.9900) and from 0.5−125 ng/mL for XW-IMP-A (r2 ≥ 0.9900). These validated data were consistent with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) acceptance criteria. In addition, this method was successfully applied to the steady-state PK evaluation of ALI/ARDS patients with SIRS.

Efficient analytical approach for high-pressure melting properties of iron

Abstract Iron represents the principal constituent of the Earth's core, but its high-pressure melting diagram remains ambiguous. Here we present a simple analytical approach to predict the melting properties of iron under deep-Earth conditions. In our model, anharmonic free energies of the solid phase are directly determined by the moment expansion technique in quantum statistical mechanics. This basis associated with the Lindemann criterion for a vibrational instability can deduce the melting temperature. Moreover, we correlate the thermal expansion process with the shear response to explain a discontinuity of atomic volume, enthalpy, and entropy upon melting. Our numerical calculations are quantitatively consistent with recent experiments and simulations. The obtained results would improve understanding of the Earth's structure, dynamics, and evolution.

Ganoderma boninense mycelia for phytochemicals and secondary metabolites with antibacterial activity.

Antiplasmodial nortriterpenes with 3,4-seco-27-norlanostane skeletons, almost entirely obtained from fruiting bodies, represent the main evidential source for bioactive secondary metabolites derived from a relatively unexplored phytopathogenic fungus, Ganoderma boninense. Currently lacking is convincing evidence for antimicrobial secondary metabolites in this pathogen, excluding that obtained from commonly observed phytochemicals in the plants. Herein, we aimed to demonstrate an efficient analytical approach for the production of antibacterial secondary metabolites using the mycelial extract of G. boninense. Three experimental cultures were prepared from fruiting bodies (GBFB), mycelium cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media (GBMA), and liquid broth (GBMB). Through solvent extraction, culture type-dependent phytochemical distributions were diversely exhibited. Water-extracted GBMB produced the highest yield (31.21 ± 0.61%, p < 0.05), but both GBFB and GBMA elicited remarkably higher yields than GBMB when polar-organic solvent extraction was employed. Greater quantities of phytochemicals were also obtained from GBFB and GBMA, in sharp contrast to those gleaned from GBMB. However, the highest antibacterial activity was observed in chloroform-extracted GBMA against all tested bacteria. From liquid-liquid extractions (LLE), it was seen that mycelia extraction with combined chloroform-methanol-water at a ratio of 1:1:1 was superior at detecting antibacterial activities with the most significant quantities of antibacterial compounds. The data demonstrate a novel means of assessing antibacterial compounds with mycelia by LLE which avoids the shortcomings of standardized methodologies. Additionally, the antibacterial extract from the mycelia demonstrate that previously unknown bioactive secondary metabolites of the less studied subsets of Ganoderma may serve as active and potent antimicrobial compounds.

Closed-form analysis of interlaminar crack initiation in angle-ply laminates

The layerwise discontinuous stiffness properties in composite laminates may cause highly localized, singular concentrations of interlaminar stresses. These stress singularities occur in the vicinity of free edges and may induce interfacial cracks, often referred to as delaminations. Since conventional design processes, based on classical laminate plate theory, only consider inplane stress components, they do not cover the so-called free-edge effect and the associated delamination onset and, therefore, disregard premature laminate failure. In the present study, interlaminar crack initiation in symmetric angle-ply laminates under tensile loading is investigated assuming the spontaneous formation of delaminations of finite length. A coupled stress and energy criterion is used requiring only two fundamental material parameters, the strength and the fracture toughness. The mechanical behaviour of the laminate is modeled by a highly efficient analytical closed-form approach providing results for the interlaminar shear stress in the interface and the energy release rates of potential cracks. The challenge of unknown interface fracture toughness is addressed by a parameter fit within physically reasonable limits. The resulting effective failure loads are compared to experimental data and show the high potential of the coupled criterion on the one hand and of the proposed analytical model on the other hand.

An Efficient Analytical Approach to Investigate the Dynamics of a Misaligned Multirotor System

This paper deals with the analytical investigation of a multirotor system connected by a flexible coupling subjected to dynamic angular misalignment. A novel analytical approach is employed for this purpose, namely the optimal auxiliary functions method, which proved to be successfully used to obtain explicit analytical solutions to a system of strongly nonlinear differential equations with variable coefficients, useful in dynamic analysis of the considered multirotor system. The proposed procedure proved to be very efficient in practice for solving complicated nonlinear vibration problems.

Correction to "An Efficient Analytic Approach for Calculation of Multi-Dimensional Franck-Condon Factors and Associated Photoelectron Spectra".

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVErratumNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to “An Efficient Analytic Approach for Calculation of Multi-Dimensional Franck–Condon Factors and Associated Photoelectron Spectra”Tosaporn SattasathuchanaTosaporn SattasathuchanaMore by Tosaporn Sattasathuchana, Riccardo MurriRiccardo MurriMore by Riccardo Murri, and Kim K. BaldridgeKim K. BaldridgeMore by Kim K. Baldridgehttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487Cite this: J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2020, 16, 7, 4756Publication Date (Web):June 30, 2020Publication History Published online30 June 2020Published inissue 14 July 2020https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00594Copyright © 2020 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views338Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (411 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

An Efficient Analytical Solution of Blast Wave Problem in Real Gas Flow under the Influence of Dust Laden Particles

In the present paper, we investigated the problem of the propagation of blast waves governed by a nonhomogeneous quasilinear hyperbolic system of partial differential equations (PDEs), describing one-dimensional unsteady motion with generalized geometries in a real gas flow (van der Waals gas) in which the influence of the dust particles is significant. An efficient analytical approach has been used to the governing hyperbolic system with respect to the Rankine-Hugoniot (RH) conditions to obtain an exact solution in terms of flow parameters density, velocity and the pressure, which exhibits space-time dependence. Further, an analytical expression for the total energy influenced by real gas effects (consisting of non-ideal gas and small solid dust-laden particles) is derived. The results obtained significantly explore the effect of dust-laden particles on the propagation of blast waves in a van der Waals gas.

An efficient analytical approach for fractional Lakshmanan‐Porsezian‐Daniel model

In this paper, the q-homotopy analysis transform method (q-HATM) is applied to find the solution for the fractional Lakshmanan-Porsezian-Daniel (LPD) model. The LPD model is the generalization of the non-linear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. The proposed method is graceful fusions of Laplace transform technique with q-homotopy analysis scheme, and the derivative is considered in Caputo sense. In order to validate and illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method, we analysed the projected model in terms of fractional order. Moreover, the physical behaviour of the obtained solution has been captured for the three different cases in terms of 3D and contour plots for diverse values of the fractional order. The obtained results confirm that the future method is easy to implement, highly methodical, and very effective to analyse the behaviour of complex non-linear fractional differential equations exist in the connected areas of science and engineering.

An efficient analytical approach for solving fractional Fokker-Planck equations

An efficient analytical approach for solving fractional Fokker-Planck equations

Efficient analytical approach to solve system of BVPs associated with fractional obstacle problem

The general obstacle framework has found applications in steady state fluid interaction, thin-plate fluid dynamics, study of minimal surfaces, control theory, elasto-statics, etc. The obstacle problem involving the fractional operator indeed appears in many contexts, such as in the analysis of anomalous diffusion, in the quasi-geostrophic flow problem, and in pricing of American options regulated by assets evolving in relation to jump processes; these notable applications in financial mathematics and physics made the obstacle problem very important in recent times. In this work, we present a fractional contact problem in which derivative of fractional order in the sense of Caputo is involved. Using the penalty function method, we degenerate it into a system of fractional boundary value problems with known obstacle. We apply the variational iteration method (VIM) for finding the series solution of these fractional BVPs. In order to ensure the accuracy and convergence of solution, residual errors of the solutions for various values of fractional parameters are plotted. The quite accurate results show that variational iteration method is one of the highly potential and robust method for solving fractional BVPs.

Efficient and realistic character animation through analytical physics-based skin deformation

Physics-based skin deformation methods can greatly improve the realism of character animation, but require non-trivial training, intensive manual intervention, and heavy numerical calculations. Due to these limitations, it is generally time-consuming to implement them, and difficult to achieve a high runtime efficiency. In order to tackle the above limitations caused by numerical calculations of physics-based skin deformation, we propose a simple and efficient analytical approach for physics-based skin deformations. Specifically, we (1) employ Fourier series to convert 3D mesh models into continuous parametric representations through a conversion algorithm, which largely reduces data size and computing time but still keeps high realism, (2) introduce a partial differential equation (PDE)-based skin deformation model and successfully obtain the first analytical solution to physics-based skin deformations which overcomes the limitations of numerical calculations. Our approach is easy to use, highly efficient, and capable to create physically realistic skin deformations.

Quantification of damage to eelgrass (Zostera marina) beds and evidence-based management strategies for boats anchoring in San Francisco Bay.

Seagrasses are highly productive, but human nearshore activities have reduced their global distribution by >29% since the twentieth century. In the United States and Canada, the native seagrass Zostera marina (eelgrass) provides habitat for many species and multiple ecosystem services. By supplying spawning surface for fish and substrate for invertebrates, eelgrass creates foraging areas for high densities of migratory birds. Eelgrass beds stabilize sediment, protect adjacent shorelines, improve water quality, and sequester carbon in their underlying substrate. San Francisco Bay (California, USA) is a significant estuary for eelgrass, and recent surveys show that eelgrass beds are in decline. Protecting eelgrass is a conservation priority for federal, state, and local agencies, yet few studies have documented the extent of eelgrass loss due to human impacts such as boat anchoring. The purpose of our study was to provide factual evidence for policy makers by quantifying damage to eelgrass caused by illegal anchor-outs in San Francisco Bay, an issue that has been disputed for decades. Using aerial imagery and GIS analyses, we determined the amount of direct damage to eelgrass caused by anchor-outs. We found that boats damage up to 41% of the eelgrass bed, and each boat may cause up to 0.3 ha of damage. These results can be used to inform decisions about anchor-outs by stakeholders and government agencies. Furthermore, our efficient analytical approach could be implemented in other coastal regions.

An efficient analytical approach for fractional equal width equations describing hydro-magnetic waves in cold plasma

In this paper, we present a coupling of homotopy perturbation technique and sumudu transform known as homotopy perturbation sumudu transform method (HPSTM). We show applicability of this method by solving fractional equal width (EW) equation, fractional modified equal width (MEW) equation and variant of fractional modified equal width (VMEW) equation. The fractional equal width equations play a key role in describing hydro-magnetic waves in cold plasma. Our aim is to study the nonlinear behavior of plasma system and highlight the important points. We examine the ability of HPSTM to study the fractional nonlinear systems and show its supremacy over other available numerical techniques. The other key point of this investigation is to examine two important fractional equations with different nonlinearity. The HPSTM gives excellent accuracy in analogous with the numerical solution. The numerical solutions indicate that the HPSTM is a powerful technique for studying the nonlinear behavior of plasma system very precisely and accurately.

Probabilistic analysis of air gap of tension-leg platforms by a nonlinear stochastic approach

In this study, the statistical behavior of the air gap of a tension-leg platform was investigated using an efficient analytic approach. The potential flow theory up to second order can be used to model the wave elevation around the platform as a two-term Volterra series, whose statistical moments are available from an eigenvalue problem formulated with the wave spectrum and the frequency-domain transfer functions. Then, the Hermite-moment method is applied to estimate the probability distribution and the upcrossing rate of the wave elevation, which can be used to estimate the extreme air gap. The following two topics are mainly discussed: the effect of the short-crestedness of the sea state, and the effect of the set-down of the platform caused by horizontal displacement. A rational formulation for the upcrossing rate of the relative wave elevation is suggested, taking into account the non-Gaussian nature of the nonlinear wave elevation and the platform set-down.

人本尺度的街道空间品质测度 —— 结合街景数据和新分析技术的大规模、高精度评价框架

人本尺度的街道空间品质测度 —— 结合街景数据和新分析技术的大规模、高精度评价框架

Highly efficient microfluidic device for cell trapping and pairing towards cell-cell communication analysis

Understanding the mechanism of cell-cell communication is the key to unravel many physiological and pathological processes of multicellular organisms, but limited by lacking of highly efficient analytical approach, particularly at single cells resolution. In this work, we proposed a novel microfluidic-based method to achieve cell pairing for cell-cell communication investigation. Based on the only application of hydrodynamics, two types of cells were trapped by face-to-face heart-shaped micro-protrusions with high efficiency and single-cell accuracy. Oil-isolated micro-chambers were used to reduce cross-talk and spatial confinement on cells for long-term cell culture with high viability. The efficiency of 93% and 84% for single cells trapping and cells pairing were realized, respectively. To demonstrate the capability of the proposed platform for probing intercellular communication, the proliferation of cancer cell co-cultured with stromal cell was further discussed at single cells resolution. The result showed that the HUVEC could enhance the proliferation of HeLa cell. We believed that this microfluidic device as a flexible and reliable tool would have wide applications in the study of intercellular communication.

A NIR fluorescent sensor with large Stokes shift for the real-time visualization of endogenous hydrogen peroxide in living cells

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), regarded as the byproduct of aerobic metabolism via the electron transport chain, plays a significant role in a vast array of physiological and pathological process in the organisms. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop efficient analytical approach for monitoring the H2O2 level in living systems. Herein, in this work, a NIR fluorescent probe named NDCM-HP was developed for the highly selective detection of H2O2 by introducing boronate group as the recognition unit into the 2-(3-(4-hydroxystyryl)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enylidene) malononitrile (NDCM-OH) fluorophore which is featured by strong NIR emission, large Stokes shift, and good photostability. As a matter of fact, NDCM-HP demonstrated excellent sensing performance toward H2O2 in solution samples such as high sensitivity with about 127-fold emission enhancement, low detection limit of 70.189 nM, and good selectivity over biologically related species. Furthermore, it could be employed for detecting endogenous H2O2 fluctuation in living cells induced by different stimulators such as Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), indicating its great potential in biological application.

A continuous latitudinal energy balance model to explore non-uniform climate engineering strategies

In order to investigate the effects of solar radiation management (SRM) technologies for climate engineering, an analytical model describing the main latitudinal dynamics of the Earth’s climate with closed-loop control has been developed. The model is a time-dependent Energy Balance Model (EBM) with latitudinal resolution and allows for the evaluation of non-uniform climate engineering strategies. The resulting partial differential equation is solved using a Green’s function approach. This model offers an efficient analytical approach to design strategies that counteract climate change on a latitudinal basis to overcome regional disparities in cooling. Multi-objective analyses are considered and time-dependent analytical expressions of control functions with latitudinal resolution can be obtained in several circumstances. Results broadly comparable with the literature are found, demonstrating the utility of the model in rapidly assessing new climate engineering controls laws and strategies. For example, the model is also used to quickly assess the trade-off between the number of degrees of freedom of SRM and the rms error in latitudinal temperature compensation. Moreover, using the EBM the dynamics of the ice line can be investigated and a Lyapunov stability analysis is employed to estimate the maximum reduction of solar insolation through climate engineering before the current climate falls into an ice-covered state. This provides an extreme operational boundary to future climate engineering ventures.

Blast Vulnerability Assessment of Road Tunnels with Reinforced Concrete Liners

Tunnels are a critical component of our transportation infrastructure, and unexpected damage to a tunnel can significantly and adversely impact the functionality of a transportation network. Tunnel systems are vulnerable to potential threats of intentional and accidental blast events because of their relatively unrestricted public access. These events can lead to spalling and breach of the tunnel liner which, depending on the surrounding media, can result in local damage and progressive collapse of the tunnel. Current approaches for evaluating blast-induced damage to a tunnel liner either require significant computational effort or oversimplification such that accurate spatial distributions of damage cannot be obtained. This study presents an effective approach to predict and map the damage to a reinforced concrete liner of a roadway tunnel from various explosive threat sizes and tunnel geometries. A literature review of existing studies is conducted, and potential scenarios of blast events are examined with varying charge position and size. Rectangular, horseshoe, and circular tunnel geometries, each with the same traffic throughput, are evaluated. An efficient analytical approach to determine the spatial distribution of blast-induced spall and breach damage is presented and shows good agreement with numerical models analyzed in LS-DYNA. The proposed approach is then used to examine the relationship between increasing blast hazard intensity and the extent of spall and breach damage. Inflection points in this relationship can be used to identify hazard levels at which a progressive collapse evaluation would be warranted.