Efficient Promoter Research Articles

Topological and compositional disorder induced exciton Anderson localization highly enhances luminescence quantum yields of alloyed perovskite nanocrystals

Anderson localization has inspired tremendous effort in exploring underlying physics regarding electron, atom, and photon transport in disordered lattices. However, due to the difficulty in implementing periodic trapping potential for neutral excitons, observing Anderson localization of excitons in disordered semiconductors remains challenging. We report evidence of Anderson localization of Frenkel excitons in the alloyed perovskite nanocrystals that possess high topological and compositional disorder. The broken symmetry-driven constructive interference of scattered exciton wavefunctions around the octahedrons induces strong exciton localization and, consequently, exciton–phonon coupling. This causes significant promotion of the luminescence quantum efficiency from 30% to an impressive 75% owing to enhanced radiative and suppressed nonradiative quantum transition rates. These findings clarify that both Anderson localization and exciton–lattice coupling play key roles in triggering immobility of Frenkel excitons in disordered wide-bandgap semiconductors and guide design of monocomponent warm white light emitters based on highly efficient alloyed perovskite nanocrystals.

Ligand-Enabled Oxidative Fluorination of Gold(I) and Light-Induced Aryl-F Coupling at Gold(III).

MeDalphos Au(I) complexes featuring aryl, alkynyl, and alkyl groups readily react with electrophilic fluorinating reagents such as N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide and Selectfluor. The ensuing [(MeDalphos)Au(R)F]+ complexes have been isolated and characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy as well as X-ray diffraction. They adopt a square-planar contra-thermodynamic structure, with F trans to N. DFT/IBO calculations show that the N lone pair of MeDalphos assists and directs the transfer of F+ to gold. The [(MeDalphos)Au(Ar)F]+ (Ar = Mes, 2,6-F2Ph) complexes smoothly engage in C-C cross-coupling with PhCCSiMe3 and Me3SiCN, providing direct evidence for the oxidative fluorination/transmetalation/reductive elimination sequence proposed for F+-promoted gold-catalyzed transformations. Moreover, direct reductive elimination to forge a C-F bond at Au(III) was explored and substantiated. Thermal means proved unsuccessful, leading mostly to decomposition, but irradiation with UV-visible light enabled efficient promotion of aryl-F coupling (up to 90% yield). The light-induced reductive elimination proceeds under mild conditions; it works even with the electron-deprived 2,6-difluorophenyl group, and it is not limited to the contra-thermodynamic form of the aryl Au(III) fluoride complexes.

Porous tungsten carbo-nitride supported Pt nanoparticles with high conductivity for efficient and stable hydrogen evolution reaction

Designing low-cost catalysts that offer both high mass activity and high cycling stability is crucial. Herein, a binder-free 3D self-supporting electrode composed of carbo-nitride tungsten supporting Pt nanoparticles (Pt@3DP-WNxC1-x/W) has been successfully synthesized for hydrogen evolution reaction in acid electrolyte. The tungsten carbo-nitride synthesized via a one-step heat treatment exhibits enhanced conductivity as a result of the carbonization process and optimizes the adsorption and desorption properties of WC towards H atoms through the incorporation of N atoms, thereby achieving an effective balance. Simultaneously, the N–Pt bond enhances electron transfer efficiency. This electrode exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance with a 219 mV overpotential at a current density of −300 mA cm−2. Its current density and mass activity is up to 75 mA cm−2 and 7.5 A·mgPt−1 at an overpotential of 100 mV, respectively, which are both 2.6 times higher than those of the 40% Pt/C electrode. In addition, it reveals a low Tafel slope of 38.3 mV dec−1 indicating rapid kinetics. Furthermore, the electrocatalyst shows only 3 mV day at −100 mA cm−2 after 10,000 cycles. Both theoretical calculation and experimental results show the promotion of catalytic efficiency of Pt@3DP-WNxC1-x/W brought by carbo-nitrition. This study offers a novel, efficient, and stable electrode design strategy.

Priorities in school eye health in low and middle-income countries a scoping review.

School eye health (SEH) has been on the global agenda for many years, and there is mounting evidence available to support that school-based visual screenings are one of the most effective and cost-efficient interventions to reach children over five years old. A scoping review was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, PubMed, and CINHAL between February and June 2023 to identify current priorities in recent literature on school eye health in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Selection of relevant publications was performed with Covidence, and the main findings were classified according to the WHO Health Promoting Schools framework (HPS). A total of 95 articles were included: cross-sectional studies (n = 55), randomised controlled trials (n = 7), qualitative research (n = 7) and others. Results demonstrate that multi-level action is required to implement sustainable and integrated school eye health programmes in low and middle-income countries. The main priorities identified in this review are: standardised and rigorous protocols; cost-effective workforce; provision of suitable spectacles; compliance to spectacle wear; efficient health promotion interventions; parents and community engagement; integration of programmes in school health; inter-sectoral, government-owned programmes with long-term financing schemes. Even though many challenges remain, the continuous production of quality data such as the ones presented in this review will help governments and other stakeholders to build evidence-based, comprehensive, integrated, and context-adapted programmes and deliver quality eye care services to children all over the world.

CO2 Conversion via Low-Temperature RWGS Enabled by Multicomponent Catalysts: Could Transition Metals Outperform Pt?

AbstractIn the context of CO2 valorisation, the reverse water–gas shift reaction (RWGS) is gathering momentum since it represents a direct route for CO2 reduction to CO. The endothermic nature of the reaction posses a challenge when it comes to process energy demand making necessary the design of effective low-temperature RWGS catalysts. Herein, multicomponent Cs-promoted Cu, Ni and Pt catalysts supported on TiO2 have been studied in the low-temperature RWGS. Cs resulted an efficient promoter affecting the redox properties of the different catalysts and favouring a strong metal-support interaction effect thus modulating the catalytic behaviour of the different systems. Positive impact of Cs is shown over the different catalysts and overall, it greatly benefits CO selectivity. For instance, Cs incorporation over Ni/TiO2 catalysts increased CO selectivity from 0 to almost 50%. Pt-based catalysts present the best activity/selectivity balance although CuCs/TiO2 catalyst present comparable catalytic activity to Pt-studied systems reaching commendable activity and CO selectivity levels, being an economically appealing alternative for this process.

Simulation on Harmful Gas Control by Balanced Pressure Ventilation in the Fully Mechanized Caving Face under Sealed Fire Area of Small Coal Mine.

The harmful gas in the sealed fire area of a small coal mine rushes into the mining face of the lower coal seam, which restricts the efficient promotion of the working face. In this paper, based on the evolution law of caving coal rock dilatation coefficient, the characteristics of the heterogeneous distribution of permeability and voidage in goaf were obtained, and the mathematical model of gas migration in goaf is constructed. The numerical solution of gas migration in goaf under the sealed fire area of a small coal mine was realized by using the Free and Porous Media Flow module and the Transport of Dilute Matter in Porous Media module in COMSOL Multiphysics, and the corresponding measure was proposed. The results show that the fresh air flows into the goaf from both the inlet air roadway and the working face and then flows out from the upper corner. Driven by the air flow, the CO in the overlying sealed fire area of a small coal mine flows out from the upper corner of the working face, resulting in the CO overlimit. Due to the influence of air leakage and the CO overlimit in the working face, low oxygen occurs in the working face. According to the characteristics of gas emission, balanced pressure ventilation technology is proposed to control the low oxygen in the working face and the CO overlimit in the upper corner. It is found that the balanced pressure ventilation obviously increases the pressure of the working face, reduces the pressure difference between the two ends of the working face by 45.7-26.7%, and decreases the air leakage to the goaf in the upper corner of the inlet air roadway. The field application shows that the problems of low oxygen in the working face and a CO overlimit in the upper corner are effectively solved.

Pelatihan E-Commerce Pada Pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah Di Kebon Kosong Jakarta Pusat

There are still many UMKM who do not know the existence of e-commerce, and there are still many UMKM who make transactions manually. Currently the emergence of e-commerce has a very positive impact on UMKM and is very helpful in supporting effective and efficient promotion and sales activities. This research aims to find out the influence of e-commerce on the increase in sales of Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM). The object of this research is the Zona Warkop in Kebon Kosong, Central Jakarta City. The purpose of this service activity is to introduce and practice e-commerce in the implementation of sales activities, and is expected to develop its creative ideas to balance the lifestyle of the people today. The data collection techniques used include observation, interview, and documentation. The advantage of selling through e-commerce is that it is easily accessible to UMKM through their mobile phones and it is very easy to share photos and videos and provide interesting product descriptions so that consumers are interested.

Efficient remediation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and plant-growth promotion with the application of a phosphate-solubilizing compound microbial agent

The ecotoxic endocrine-disrupting chemical di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is ubiquitous in agricultural soil, posing a serious threat to human health. Here, we report efficient soil-borne DEHP degradation and plant growth promotion by a microbial organic fertilizer GK-PPB prepared by combining a recycled garden waste-kitchen waste compost product with ternary compound microbial agent PPB-MA, composed of Penicillium oxalic MB08F, Pseudomonas simiae MB751, and Bacillus tequilensis MB05B. The combination of MB08F and MB751 provided synergistic phosphorus solubilization, and MB05B enhanced the DEHP degradation capacity of MB08F via bioemulsification. Under optimal conditions (25.70 °C and pH 7.62), PPB-MA achieved a 96.81 % degradation percentage for 1000 mg L−1 DEHP within 5 days. The degradation curve followed first-order kinetics with a half-life of 18.24 to 24.76 h. A complete mineralization pathway was constructed after identifying the degradation intermediates of 2H-labeled DEHP. Evaluation in Caenorhabditis elegans N2 showed that PPB-MA eliminated the ecological toxicity of DEHP. A pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) pot experiment demonstrated that GK-PPB promoted phosphorus solubilization and plant growth, reduced soil DEHP residue, and decreased DEHP accumulation in pakchoi, suggesting its potential practical utility in environmentally responsible and safe cultivation of vegetables.

Health Promoting Behaviors among Adolescents at Selected Schools of Chitwan.

Health Promotion and maintenance are fundamental prerequisites to achieve optimum health in an individual and limit the illness. The objective of the study was to assess the health promoting behaviors among adolescents at selected schools. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 238 adolescents age 14-18 years of age studying in three different government schools of Bharatpur-10 Chitwan. Probability simple random method was used for selecting the required respondent. Data were collected using Adolescents Health Promoting Scale questionnaire through self-administered technique. Obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that 47.5% had high level of health promoting behaviors whereas 52.5% had low level of health promoting behavior. Regarding, the subscale, the highest score was obtained in the area of exercise (median percentage=72.5%) and lowest score was obtained in the area of stress management (median percentage=48%). Moreover, statistically significant variables for health promoting behavior were respondents age, availability of school health nurse, educational status of both the parents and and occupation of father (p<0.05). More than half of the adolescents in schools have low health promoting behavior, particularly in the area of stress management and nutrition. Adolescence is the period when most of the healthy and unhealthy habits are developed. Hence, it is necessary to focus on developing efficient health promotion and disease prevention strategies in collaboration with school teachers and school health nurse.

Engineering a PtCu Alloy to Improve N2 Selectivity of NH3-SCO over the Pt/SSZ-13 Catalyst.

Improving the N2 selectivity is always a great challenge for the selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia (NH3-SCO) over noble-metal-based (especially Pt) catalysts. In this work, Cu as an efficient promoter was introduced into the Pt/SSZ-13 catalyst to significantly improve the N2 selectivity of the NH3-SCO reaction. A PtCu alloy was formed in the PtCu/SSZ-13 catalyst, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry mapping, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy results. As indicated by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, the Pt species in the alloyed PtCu nanoparticle was mainly present in the electron-rich state on PtCu/SSZ-13, while the electron-deficient Cu and isolated Cu2+ species were both present on the surface of PtCu/SSZ-13. Due to such a unique alloyed structure with an altered oxidation state, the N2 selectivity of NH3-SCO on the PtCu/SSZ-13 catalyst was remarkably improved, while the NH3-SCO activity was kept comparable to that on Pt/SSZ-13. The reaction path was changed from the NH mechanism on Pt/SSZ-13 to both NH and internal selective catalytic reduction mechanisms on the PtCu/SSZ-13 catalyst, which was considered the main reason for the enhanced N2 selectivity. This work provides a new route to synthesize efficient alloy catalysts for optimizing the N2 selectivity of NH3-SCO for NH3 slip control in diesel exhaust purification.

Deep eutectic melt of betaine and trichloroacetic acid; its anomalous thermal behavior and green promotion effect in selective synthesis of benzimidazoles

Trichloroacetic acid and betaine form glassy liquids on melting together in some molar ratios, of which the melt with mole fraction of trichloroacetic acid about 0.83 displayed the lowest freezing point, so was detected as their deep eutectic mixture. It showed two reversible DSC effects on cooling from 70 °C to −70 °C; a normal exotherm on freezing followed by an abnormal endotherm on melting. Electric conductance of the melt against temperature exhibited two regions of deviations from a perfect exponential curve. These regions correspond to the temperatures of the two reversible phase transitions detected by DSC analysis. As another evidence in support of its freezing on heating, the kinematic viscosity of the melt is increased within the temperature range of 40–50 °C. Moreover, the FT-IR spectrum and TGA analysis of the eutectic mixture point to its exceptional nature in comparison to other mixtures of the two components. The melt proved to be an efficient promoter for selective synthesis of benzimidazoles from o-phenylenediamine and arylaldehydes at room temperature. No N-substituted derivatives of the products were resolved from the reaction mixtures.

Zinc solubilization and organic acid production by the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium pingshaense sheds light on its key ecological role in the environment

We report for the first-time higher zinc (Zn) solubilization efficiency and plant growth promotion by an entomopathogenic fungus (EPF), Metarhizium pingshaense IISR-EPF-14, which was earlier isolated from Conogethes punctiferalis, a pest of global importance. The Zn solubilizing efficiency of the fungus varied depending on the type of insoluble source of Zn used, which was observed to be 1.6 times higher in Zn3(PO4)2–amended media compared to ZnO media. In liquid media, there was a 6.2-fold increase in available Zn in ZnO–amended media, whereas a 20.2-fold increase in available Zn was recorded in Zn3(PO4)2 medium. We ascribe the production of various organic acids such as gluconic, keto-gluconic, oxalic, tartaric, malonic, succinic and formic acids, which in general, interact with insoluble Zn sources and make them soluble by forming metal cations and displacing anions as the major mechanism for Zn solubilization by M. pingshaense. However, the type and amount of organic acid produced in the media varied depending on the source of Zn used and the incubation period. Application of the fungus alone and in combination with insoluble Zn sources enhanced various plant growth parameters in rice and cardamom plants. Moreover, the uptake of Zn in rice plants was enhanced up to ~2.5-fold by fungal application. The fungus also exhibited various other plant growth-promoting traits, such as production of Indole-3-acetic acid, ammonia, siderophores, solubilization of mineral phosphate, and production of hydrolytic enzymes such as α-amylase, protease, and pectinase. Hence, apart from its use as a biological control agent, M. pingshaense has the potential to be used as a bio-fortifier to enhance the solubilization and uptake of Zn from nutrient poor soils under field conditions. Our findings shed light on the broader ecological role played by this fungus and widen its scope for utilization in sustainable agriculture.

Dynamic Coupling Analysis Between Scale of Network Retail Market and Green Circulation Efficiency

Abstract A sound circulation system is an important carrier for the development of the retail industry, and the promotion of green circulation efficiency (GCE) plays an important role in driving the market scale expansion of network retail (NR). This study uses the development status of China’s NR and circulation industries as basis to estimate the total carbon emissions (CE) of the circulation industry by using the system dynamics method. Moreover, this research measures China’s GCE by combining data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist index to construct a coupling analysis model to empirically investigate the dynamic coupling relationship between the NR scale and green circulation efficiency. Results indicate that China’s GCE is generally increasing, but growth rate fluctuates significantly. Additionally, the improvement of the quality and efficiency of China’s circulation industry has not yet formed a steady green path. China’s NR market scale continues to expand, but NR at this stage is still mainly concentrated in the eastern region. The efficiency of green circulation and scale of the NR market show a good coupling trend, but there is still a significant gap between the central and western regions. Accordingly, this study proposes that the construction of a green circulation system should be strengthened, and that the development of a green and efficient circulation industry should be taken as the engine of the NR scale expansion.

Tree transpiration-inspired cellulose aerogel with engineered cold-evaporated surface for promoting structural stability and minimizing energy loss

Solar-driven evaporation technology could significantly relieve the fresh-water crisis in the world. However, several problems, such as poor structural stability, low photothermal conversion capacity, and single heat source of traditional evaporators limited the promotion of fresh-water production efficiency. Herein, inspired by tree transpiration, we report a hydrophilic three-dimensional (3D) cellulose-based evaporator similar to the root of a tree, which can pump the bottom water to the evaporation surface for vapor generation. The aldehyde-based cellulose nanocrystals/ethylene imine polymer (ACP) aerogel was developed through Schiff base reaction to enhance the chain entangle capacity of the cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) aerogel in water. Coating the ACP aerogel with lignin-derived photothermal material created the double-layered solar-driven evaporator (ACP-7LM), achieving a remarkable surface temperature of 35.9 °C in water under 1 sun irradiation for 1 h. The ACP-7LM exhibited an impressive evaporation rate of 1.60 kg m−2 h−1, leveraging its structural stability and excellent photothermal conversion. Increasing the cold evaporation surface (adjusting exposure height from 0 cm to 4 cm) of ACP-7LM aerogel maintained a lower temperature compared to ambient temperature on the side surface during evaporation, which harvest heat energy from environment and minimize energy loss. This enhanced environmental heat absorption boosted the ACP-7LM's evaporation rate to 3.76 kg m−2 h−1, a 2.35-fold increase over the ACP-7LM (0 cm). This solar-driven evaporator offers an efficient, innovative approach to elevate evaporation rates and address the global water crisis by simultaneously enhancing heat absorption capacity and photothermal conversion efficiency.

Spatiotemporal variations, influencing factors, and configurational promotion paths of energy efficiency in China’s cities

The promotion of energy efficiency (EE) helps address energy constraints and promote environmental sustainability. This study comprehensively explores the spatiotemporal variations, influencing factors, and configuration promotion paths of EE in 284 Chinese cities during 2003‒2019 using the global super-efficiency minimum distance to strong efficient frontier (G-S-MinDS), exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR), and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) methods. The findings are: ① China’s cities have an annual average EE of 0.658 with a growth rate of 0.53%, showing considerable promotion potential. ② Industrial structure optimization, population agglomeration, economic development, and increased green coverage contribute positively, while government intervention and openness hinder China’s urban EE. ③ Four configurational promotion paths for enhancing China’s urban EE are identified, where among those paths population density is a core condition, while government intervention is not. This study provides valuable insights into substantially improving urban EE, emphasizing the need for targeted policies to address energy and environmental crises in China.

The hardfacing properties of the nickel-based coating deposited by the PTA process with the addition of wc nano-particles: Wear investigation

The impact of the addition of tungsten carbide (1 to 7 wt%) on the microstructure and wear characteristics of the nickel–tungsten carbide composite layer fabricated by the plasma transferred arc (PTA) process was studied. With the addition of nanoparticles, the degree of segregation becomes lower while heterogeneous nucleation increases and refining of the microstructure enhances. Wear rate and coefficient of friction for all samples with increasing the load from 1 to 5 N decrease and wear mechanism changes from abrasive to adhesive. The higher wear resistance for samples with 3%wt is due to a decrease in the porosity of the composite coatings, strong interfacial bonding, and promotion in the deposition efficiency at the same time.

Improving energy efficiency: a highly efficient coaxial design for a laser ranging system with a splicing lens.

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems have made significant contributions in different applications. The laser ranging (LR) system is one of the core components of LiDARs. However, existing coaxial LR systems suffer from low energy efficiency due to obstruction of the reflection mirror. In this study, we carefully design a laser transmitter and receiver subsystem and consequently propose a highly energy-efficient coaxial design for a time of light-based LR system, where a perforated mirror and splicing lens account for the promotion of energy efficiency. The small hole in the perforated mirror is located on the object focus of the focusing lens to ensure the laser beam will pass through the perforated mirror without obstructions. The ring-shape splicing lens, consisting of two parts, is used for laser collimation and laser reception simultaneously. Laboratory experiments proved that the proposed design eliminates the complex calibration process for noncoaxial LR systems while reaching a comparable energy efficiency, which is higher than 98%. We believe it is an economical yet efficient way to promote the energy efficiency of coaxial LR systems.

Economics and Business Students' Buying Interest in Eco-Friendly Products: An Analysis of AJZEN's Economic Sociology

In this era of globalization, consumers are increasingly aware of environmental issues. Consumer behaviour towards environmentally friendly products is a concern in economic sociology. The writing of this article aims to explore the analysis of economics students' behaviour towards environmentally friendly products. This research uses a literature study method, which will involve analysing data from several economics and bussines students in various universities. Environmental awareness, knowledge of environmentally friendly products, economic factors, and social factors are important factors in the decision making of a consumer. Economics and business students as consumers who are aware of environmental issues tend to choose environmentally friendly products. This is of course also influenced by economic factors and consumer social factors. The results of this study provide knowledge in understanding the consumer behaviour of economics and bussines students towards environmentally friendly products. The practical implication of this research is that environmentally friendly product companies targeting economics and bussines students need to consider factors that will influence consumer decision making, including effective and efficient pricing and promotion.

Analysis of Marketing Strategies to Increase Cricket Sales at Maja Farm Company in Pesawaran

Maja Farm in Pesawaran is an individual company that focuses on cricket farming, located in Taman Sari Village, Gedung Tataan District, Pesawaran Regency. The company is facing challenges in the form of a decrease in cricket sales by 64.9% in 2018 and 30.4% in 2019. This study aims to analyse marketing strategies that can increase sales value at Maja Farm Company in Pesawaran, using SWOT Analysis as an analytical tool. The calculation results show a total IFAS value of 2.80 and EFAS of 2.55. From these results, it is known that the company's position is in cell 5, which indicates that the company is in a stable phase and is not experiencing growth with a concentration strategy through horizontal integration or stability. Through the combination of SWOT Matrix, the most dominant strategy is SO (Strengths-Opportunities) with a value of 3.55, namely creating positive relationships with customers through maintaining product quality and maintaining product availability in order to meet consumer needs, followed by the ST (Strengths-Threats) strategy with a value of 2.80, namely conducting market research to understand product prices in the market and determining efficient promotion strategies. This strategy is expected to be the basis for increasing sales of Maja Farm Company in Pesawaran. Keywords: SWOT Analysis, Marketing Strategy, Sales

Carbon neutrality endeavors: the impact of carbon emission trading policies on total factor carbon emission efficiency.

Deepening the carbon market allocation reform is a strong support for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. China has been piloting carbon trading in batches since 2013. However, there is little literature on whether and how carbon emission trading (CET) improves total factor carbon emission efficiency (TFCEE). To fill this gap, this study first calculates urban TFCEE using an extended Epsilon-based model and then designs a quasi-natural experiment based on causal inference. The staggered DID model is adopted to investigate the impact of CET pilot policies on urban TFCEE and its impact mechanism. Our results show that (1) the CET policy has a significant promoting effect on TFCEE in pilot cities, and this conclusion is reconfirmed by adopting robustness tests. (2) The mediating effect models are employed to confirm the mediating role of green technology innovation, industrial structure upgrading, and resource allocation efficiency in CET policy promoting regional TFCEE. (3) The heterogeneity test of CET policy depicts a considerable positive impact on TFCEE in cities with abundant resources. Eastern and developed cities are more likely to experience better carbon efficiency promotion through this policy than other cities. This study provides evidence for the important role of CET in promoting the development of a low-carbon economy and carbon neutrality.