Efficiency Of Smelting Research Articles

Research on forecast and suppression splashing of AOD refining process

ABSTRACT During the smelting process of the AOD furnace, the unbalanced reaction of material will lead to the occurrence of splashing. It will not only damage the smelting equipment but also seriously injure the personnel. In this study, first, the information of liquid level, audio information and vibration information are detected by multiple sensors respectively. Then the fused information is used to forecast the splashing. Finally, the multitasking fuzzy controller is used to suppress splashing. The results show that the method of forecasting and suppressing splashing can accurately forecast and achieve rapid suppression. Thus the efficiency of smelting can be improved.

Hydrothermal pretreatment of chalcopyrite concentrate with copper sulfate solution

The existing technologies for porphyry copper ores beneficiation, located in deposits in the Urals of Russia, allow the production of chalcopyrite concentrates with a copper content of 19 to 30%. Subsequent technology for the concentrates processing includes autogenous smelting, matte desulfurization, and blister copper refining operations. The current work presents a new hydrometallurgical approach for the copper concentrate enrichment up to a higher grade of 50–55% Cu, which could significantly increase the production capacity and efficiency of smelting and with a process simultaneously avoiding the matte desulphurization operation. The suggested method consists of oxidative pressure leaching followed by hydrothermal pretreatment of chalcopyrite concentrates with copper sulfate solutions. The pressure oxidative leaching of the chalcopyrite concentrates allows Cu extractions up to 99% and produces Cu-rich solution for the hydrothermal pretreatment stage. Optimization of the hydrothermal pretreatment stage was carried out within the following limits: T = 150–230 °C, CuCuSO4/CuCuFeS2 = 1.2–3.3, H2SO4 = 20–120 g/L. Recommended parameters were established as T = 230 °C, CuCuSO4/CuCuFeS2 = 1.8–1.9, H2SO4 = 20–40 g/L, t = 60–100 min since this allows concentrate to be obtained with Cu content of 51–52% and residual Cu concentrations of as low as 0.08–0.13 g/L in the final solution. A parametric model of the hydrothermal pretreatment stage was obtained. The solutions and residues after hydrothermal pretreatment of the material were analyzed for their chemical and phase composition. A technological flowsheet, as well as strategies for by-product processing, were also suggested.

EVOLUTION OF SCHEMES OF HEAT EXCHANGE IN A BLAST FURNACE

The development of schemes of heat exchange in a blast furnace was considered with the improvement of the blast furnace smelting technology. It was noted that for the estimation of the thermal state of blast furnace as a control object it is expedient to divide it into two thermal zones, upper and bottom. The interface between them is in the top of the mixed recovery between the level of the beginning of the carbon gasifi cation of coke and the horizon, below which iron oxides are directly reduced. Upper slow heat exchange section in terms of heat exchange is reserve height providing better thermal and regenerative operation of the furnace. The bottom section of slow heat exchange should not be used as a reserve for improvement of thermal and reduction work of the blast furnace. It is shown that the presence of two zones of intense heat exchange in the present conditions of smelting of various types of iron ore using the combined blowing of high parameters is a prerequisite for the stability of the course of the blast furnace process and effi ciency of smelting.

Methods and Equipment of Vacuum and Electromagnetism Suspending Distillation for Fine of Non-Ferrous Metals

A kind of invention by make the technology excellence band together of vacuum distillation refines and Vacuum and electromagnetism refine. A kind of methods and equipment for fine of Non-ferrous metals, the unusual is: use the electromagnetism force and mix round effect of electro-magnetic induction for heat up and mix round and element distill process under electro-magnetism suspend state of Non-ferrous materials. A kind of equipment and equipment for fine of non-ferrous metals consist of vacuum furnace body, electro-magnetism loop, crucible, condenser and materials vacuum resent device, etc.; The main character is: the electro-magnetism loop is electro-magnetism conductor suspend loop which located the outside or inside the body of the furnace with a tier of insulation and magnetism transmit material. The aim of which is to develop the pureness of the product by electro-magnetism suspend vacuum distillation or deoxidize distillation and efficiency of smelting; reduce the cost of the smelting.