Efficiency Of Railway Transportation Research Articles

Communication security analysis of fully electronic interlocking systems

Communication security in fully electronic interlocking systems is one of the key factors ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the entire system. EN50159 is an important standard in the European railway communication sector, aimed at ensuring the safety, reliability, and efficiency of railway transportation. According to the communication security standards of EN50159, there are six types of security risks in closed communication: data duplication, deletion, insertion, misordering, delay, and corruption. This paper analyzes and explains the aspects of communication security that need to be considered based on the safety communication standards of China's railway signaling system and the signal safety standards in EN50159, focusing primarily on communication security and reliability.

Electromagnetic Impact of Overhead High-Voltage Lines during Power Transmission on Buried Signaling Cables of the Traffic Control Systems in Modernized Railway Lines

The railway transport system is a key factor supporting industrialization in all aspects of human activity. However, in order not to lose its importance, it must meet the challenge of modern civilization. The safety, reliability, and efficiency of railway transport, to a large degree, depend on using highly integrated electronics, which are very sensitive to various disturbances generated in the electric traction system and train or coming from the environment. One of the sources of electromagnetic disturbances are high-voltage (HV) power lines running close to the railway infrastructure. The purpose was to assess the electromagnetic impact of overhead HV transmission lines on buried signaling cables of the railway traffic control system crossbreeding with them. The levels of voltage induced in the cable under steady state and the earth fault in the HV line at various soil resistivity were estimated. A software tool based on a hybrid numerical method that combines circuit theory and electromagnetic field theory was used for computations. It was found that very high voltages may be induced in the signaling cables during earth faults in the HV lines, which may lead to serious interference or damage to the equipment. The results provide useful knowledge for implementing modern railway traffic control systems and protection measures.

Has the Development of Inter-Provincial Transportation Infrastructure Improved the Construction of China’s Unified Market?

With the implementation of regional development policies in recent years, transportation infrastructure has greatly promoted regional economic development, but what impact it has on the construction of market integration in the local and surrounding regions has not been specifically answered. Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2010 to 2021, this paper uses the spatial panel method to study the impact of transportation infrastructure development and the construction of national unified market and its spatial spillover effects. The empirical results show that there is significant spatial auto-correlation between inter-provincial transport infrastructure and market integration. Railway density plays a greater role in promoting the national unified market. The government expenditure and foreign direct investment play a positive role in promoting the construction of a unified national market, while the dependence of foreign trade inhibits the development of market integration. In the analysis of spatial spillover effects, the direct effect of railway density is significantly higher than that of highway. The government should strengthen the quality and efficiency of railway transportation, promote the scale of foreign direct investment of enterprises, and actively promote the construction of national unified market.

ASSESSMENT OF PROSPECTS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH-SPEED TRAFFIC ON RAILWAYS OF UKRAINE

The development of Ukraine's economy and industry largely depends on the use of its transit potential, which will contribute not only to the intensification of transit cargo flows, but also to an increase in passenger traffic. Even in the conditions of martial law, railway transport performs its functions of mass transportation of goods and passengers rather stably. However, the efficiency of railway transport is mainly provided by freight transport, which makes it much more difficult to compete with other modes of transport in the field of passenger transport. In today's realities on the market of transport services regarding the provision of passenger transportation, there is a decline in the position of railway transport But, despite this, railway transport remains strategically important, as it ensures the transportation of goods and the evacuation of the population in difficult times for our country. In addition, the railway network of Ukraine organically fits into the European network through Poland, Moldova, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia. All this determines that the process of European integration of Ukraine requires modern approaches from the railway, one of which is the introduction of high-speed traffic. As world experience shows, the introduction of high-speed traffic is necessary to increase the efficiency of railway passenger transportation and attract customers to railway services. In accordance with this, the article discusses the prospects for the introduction of high-speed traffic on the highways of Ukraine. At the first stage, the justification of the choice of the mode of transport is carried out based on the provisions of the theory of fuzzy sets, which makes it possible to determine the most competitive mode of transport. At the second stage, a comprehensive assessment of the prospects for the introduction of highspeed traffic is carried out, which determined the need to assess the economic efficiency of this type of transport, taking into account the reconstruction of the existing railway lines of Ukraine. Therefore, the introduction of high-speed traffic will allow to strengthen the competitive advantages of railway transport in the field of passenger transportation, and will also contribute to the European integration processes in Ukraine.

К ВОПРОСУ ПОДГОТОВКИ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ В СФЕРЕ ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ НА ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОМ ТРАНСПОРТЕ

The efficiency of railway transport is directly related to the renewal of infrastructure, including communication devices responsible for ensuring a safe transportation process. For reliable operation of the railway complex, it is necessary to introduce the latest developments in the field of network technologies. To achieve such a goal, the relevant processes of train traffic systems should be automated. However, this is possible when working in the railway complex of specialists of the highest level of qualifications, the practical and professional skills of which are acquired in higher educational institutions. Therefore, the work considers such aspects as the need for the latest developments based on network technologies, the need for specialists in the field of packet switching, as well as the peculiarities of educating students as specialists in the field of telecommunications.

Design of a General Monitoring Host Machine for Railway Trackside Equipment

A large number of infrastructure and equipment are distributed along the railway, which will directly affect the safety and efficiency of railway transportation. In this paper, a general monitoring host machine for railway trackside equipment is designed to realize the power supply, automatic networking, logic operation centralized management, data collection, storage and processing of trackside equipment monitoring. The host machine consists of a CPU board, a interface board, a power board, several PLC (Power Line Carrier) communication boards and isolation transformers. It supports a variety of monitoring applications, and covers almost all monitoring requirements of trackside equipment. Based on the monitoring host machine, a monitoring system for trackside equipment of track circuit system is developed.

ПОДХОДЫ К ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА

The article discusses various approaches to the definition of the concept of “efficiency of railwaytransport” and the choice of performance indicators. National differences in the evaluation of the efficiencyof European railways are presented. The directions of strategic management of innovative activity in railwaytransport are justified.

MODEL FOR DETERMINATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF RAILWAY TRAIN REGIME MAPS

The article considers the issues of determining rational approaches to the creation of train maps, the rational use of diesel modes and the use of automated computer simulation system. Based on the obtained results, an energy-efficient mode of train driving is proposed and a mathematical model of the locomotive operation character is created. There is a need to review obsolete regime and train locomotive crews in the latest methods of operation. The basic values and methods of calculation for specific operating conditions on the basis of the law of conservation of mechanical energy are established. It is proposed to create a passport of each locomotive to determine the rational weight norms on the existing service shoulders. After all, overloading or underutilization of the locomotive's resource is associated with loss of profit or the emergence of emergencies. The necessity of the offered methods within the limits of ecological requirements to traction rolling stock is proved. The possibility of forming a rational system of mileage between technical inspections and repairs for each locomotive as a whole on the basis of forecasting and statistics is determined. It is recommended to further implement mathematical modeling and digital means of monitoring the technical condition after repairs to achieve economic efficiency of railway transport.

An Online Classification Method for Fault Diagnosis of Railway Turnouts.

Railway turnout system is a key infrastructure to railway safety and efficiency. However, it is prone to failure in the field. Therefore, many railway departments have adopted a monitoring system to monitor the operation status of turnouts. With monitoring data collected, many researchers have proposed different fault-diagnosis methods. However, many of the existing methods cannot realize real-time updating or deal with new fault types. This paper—based on imbalanced data—proposes a Bayes-based online turnout fault-diagnosis method, which realizes incremental learning and scalable fault recognition. First, the basic conceptions of the turnout system are introduced. Next, the feature extraction and processing of the imbalanced monitoring data are introduced. Then, an online diagnosis method based on Bayesian incremental learning and scalable fault recognition is proposed, followed by the experiment with filed data from Guangzhou Railway. The results show that the scalable fault-recognition method can reach an accuracy of 99.11%, and the training time of the Bayesian incremental learning model reduces 29.97% without decreasing the accuracy, which demonstrates the high accuracy, adaptability and efficiency of the proposed model, of great significance for labor-saving, timely maintenance and further, safety and efficiency of railway transportation.

Efficiency of Railway Transport as a Sustainable Mode of Transport in Nigeria: A Study of Rail Mass Transit in Lagos and its Environs.

Efficiency of Railway Transport as a Sustainable Mode of Transport in Nigeria: A Study of Rail Mass Transit in Lagos and its Environs.

Efficiency of Railway Transport as a Sustainable Mode of Transport in Nigeria: A Study of Rail Mass Transit in Lagos and its Environs.

This paper compacts with the notion of the relevance of railway transportation in the Nigerian economy. Assessments, Issues, challenges and operational rail-line in Nigeria. Specifically, the impact of railway in Lagos (Rail Mass Transit) The study also highlighted factors that may affect or retard the relevance of railway transportation in the Nigerian economy and solutions propounded. The paper presenter researched for the paper with reliance on textbooks, internet websites and operational case study since there is a dearth of material in the subject area most especially data from the pre-colonial period in Nigeria railway operations. Also, the researcher relied on secondary data from Nigerian Railway cooperation for his SPSS analysis. At the end of the paper, the presenter proposed a number of recommendations for efficient operations of railway service in Nigeria. Significant among is government improvement of infrastructure and enabling environment as well as privatization or commercialization of railway operation as the government does not have the political will and motivation to invest in a capital intensive project like a railway.

Повышение эффективности железнодорожного транспорта путем внедрения беспилотных поездов

Повышение эффективности железнодорожного транспорта путем внедрения беспилотных поездов

Методические аспекты планирования эффективности работы предприятий железнодорожного транспорта в условиях экологизации

Методические аспекты планирования эффективности работы предприятий железнодорожного транспорта в условиях экологизации

Analysis of the technical condition of railway traffic control devices using on Polish railways

The article presents the analysis of the current technical condition of railway traffic control devices. Their technical condition, method of exploitation and maintenance have a significant impact both on the safety, efficiency of railway transport and the process of train movements on railway lines in Poland.

Resource-saving technologies of railway transportation of grain freights for export

The research objective is to increase the efficiency of export railway transportation of grain freights in Ukraine by the introduction of consignor routing, a concentration of loading of grain on junction elevators and the organization of the movement of grain routes according to the schedule. According to the researchers in USA and EU, one of the effective directions for decreasing the expenses in a logistic chain of grain delivery to ports is consignor routing of railway transportation. Consignor routing of transportations of grain freights provides a concentration of their loading at junctions. The choice of junctions is proposed to be carried out on the basis of methods of the cluster analysis. For formation of regions for a concentration of grain loading the theory of sets and multicriteria optimization are used. As a result, on the basis of the modified simplex method are chosen 24 regions of possible concentration of grain loading that cover 70 stations on Ukrainian railways providing 7,5 million t consignor routing for grain in a year with minimal additional expenses. The assessment of the efficiency of railway transportation routing of grain freights is calculated with use of the developed simulation model. Researches showed that application of consignor routing allows to reduce a turn-round cycle for grain wagon in a logistic chain of deliveries up to 27%, and application of the schedule for consignor routes allows to reduce a turn-round cycle up to 62%, in comparison with transportation by car loading. Thus, as showed the calculations executed for one of the directions of grain transportation for export, the necessary operation park of grain-carrier wagons is reduced twice, thereby allowing to cut logistic expenses on a delivery of the Ukrainian grain through seaports to the world markets.

Evaluation of railway transportation efficiency based on super-cross efficiency

The efficiency of railway transportation is an important index. It can measure the development of railway transportation enterprises, and the efficiency of railway transportation has become a hot issue in the study of railway development. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been widely applied to railway efficiency analysis. In this paper, BBC model and super-cross efficiency model are constructed by using DEA theory, taking the 18 Railway Bureau as the research object, with the mileage, the number of employees, locomotive number, average daily loading number as input indicators, the passenger turnover, freight turnover and transport income as output indicators, then calculated and evaluated comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. We get that the super-cross efficiency is more in line with the actual situation. Getting the super-cross efficiency is more in line with the actual situation.

Problems of providing international railway transport

Due to its geographic location and developed transport infrastructure, Ukraine has a significant potential in the development of cargo transportation, primarily in international traffic, in particular as a transistor country in the logistics chain of trade between Asia and Europe. The possibilities of railway transport for the organization of transportation between the countries of the European Union and Ukraine are not used to the full extent, since there is a number of technical reasons of the transport systems incompatibility between Ukraine and European countries. In the course of the research, methods of analysis and synthesis were used to study prospects of the European and domestic system of international railway transportations, the experience of creating, operating and optimizing these systems. To compare the above mentioned options, the authors developed a model for predicting and assessing the efficiency of railway transport from the border of one state to the border of the other one.

A general railway data model for simulations and simulators

According to new regulations, railway employees require computer-based training before they get a driver license. Training with simulators is now a must to increase the safety and efficiency of railway transportation. In this study, a train driving simulator with full cab and motion platform, called TRENSIM, was developed for Turkish State Railways. It was realized that constructing a data model of the railway was one of the most important aspects of the project. Many modules of TRENSIM make use of this data model in real time. We developed a general railway data model, called OpenRailway, expressed in Extensible Markup Language for logical description of railway networks. OpenRailway includes a railway model, which consists of signals, railway elements (catenaries, switches, etc.), road properties, surroundings near the railway road and their parameters. OpenRailway can also be modified to be used in the development of other vehicle training simulators. Data from real trains was collected in 4 ms periods for the validation of the dynamic and visualization models (about 200 GB). It was seen that data generated by models are appropriate to the collected real data.

Model of Wagons’ Placing-In and Taking-Out Problem in a Railway Station and Its Heuristic Algorithm

Placing-in and taking-out wagons timely can decrease wagons’ dwell time in railway stations, improve the efficiency of railway transportation, and reduce the cost of goods transportation. We took the locomotive running times between goods operation sites as weights, so the wagons’ placing-in and taking-out problem could be regarded as a single machine scheduling problem,1pijCmax, which could be transformed into the shortest circle problem in a Hamilton graph whose relaxation problem was an assignment problem. We used a Hungarian algorithm to calculate the optimal solution of the assignment problem. Then we applied a broken circle and connection method, whose computational complexity wasO(n2), to find the available satisfactory order of wagons’ placing-in and taking-out. Complex problems, such as placing-in and transferring combined, taking-out and transferring combined, placing-in and taking-out combined, or placing-in, transferring, and taking-out combined, could also be resolved with the extended algorithm. A representative instance was given to illustrate the reliability and efficiency of our results.

Research on the Optimization and Adjustment for the Locomotive Overhaul Layout

In order to keep national economys sustainable, rapid and coordinated development, developing the railway is the strategic choice to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Through the optimization of productivity layout, optimize locomotives, locomotive maintenance equipment resources configuration, can not only improve the efficiency of railway transportation, but also reduce the national financial investment. This thesis studies the locomotive overhaul layout optimization adjustment method, established the locomotive overhaul layout optimization adjustment model and corresponding algorithm of the design model. Based on the analysis of the nature of the problem, makes the minimum cost as the objective function, a bi-level programming model is established, and by using iterative idea, design double iterative optimization algorithm to solve the bi-level programming model.