Efficiency Of Different Materials Research Articles

Effect of Fibers on Extending the Service Life of Asphalt Concrete Pavements

Fiber stabilizers can significantly extend the road’s service lifeIn the research below, six different types of fibers are selected to research extending the service life of asphalt pavements by improving raw materials in the early stage from the perspective of asphalt concrete material selection based on the renovation of the municipal service road (G321) in Neijiang City, Sichuan ProvinceThe effect and economical efficiency of different materials on extending the service life of asphalt concrete pavements were compared by analyzing the properties of different materials such as high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance, water stability, freeze-thaw splitting, etc., and their respective economic benefitsThe results of the research can provide a reference for similar engineering projects.

Restorative Modalities for Structurally Compromised Teeth with Thin-walled Roots: A Literature Review

AbstractProper restoration and maintenance of endodontically treated teeth with thin-walled roots and immature apices is of a great concern due to the high prevalence of such cases. The aim of this study was to review the efficiency of different materials used for post–core systems in order to restore endodontically treated teeth. A literature review was conducted using electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to find relevant articles. Randomized controlled trials that were related to different post–core techniques for restoring endodontically treated teeth and were in the English language were included from 2000 until 2022. Most articles concluded that cast posts have higher fracture resistance than fiber posts. All articles comparing stainless steel posts with other materials found that it had higher fracture strength. No particular difference between various types of fiber posts was identified, and all can reinforce the immature roots with thin dentinal walls.

Peroxo-polyoxometalate encapsulated within zirconium-based metal organic frameworks for extractive and oxidative desulfurization of fuels

The combustion of a large amount of sulfur-containing liquid fuel has caused a series of environmental pollution problems, so the desulfurization of fuel oil is a very important and meaningful research work. Based on the high-activity catalyst, extractive oxidation desulfurization technology can efficiently and gently remove the organic sulfides in fuel. Heterogeneous catalysts encapsulating peroxophosphotungstate (TBA)3PW4 in the pores of zirconium-based MOFs (UiO-66 and UiO-67) were prepared for desulfurization of multicomponent simulated fuel combining extraction and oxidation. Reaction conditions, desulfurization efficiency of different materials and activity of different sulfides were optimized and analyzed. The results show that (TBA)3PW4@UiO-67 shows high catalytic activity due to its large window size, and has good reusability and structural stability.

In-situ Monitoring of Photocontrollable Wrinkle Erasure in Azobenzene-based Supramolecular Systems.

In this contribution, dynamic photoinduced wrinkle erasure enabled by photomechanical changes in supramolecular polymer-azo complexes was characterized via confocal microscopy. Different photoactive molecules, disperse yellow 7 (DY7) and 4,4'-dihydroxyazobenzene (DHAB), were compared to 4-hydroxy-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene (OH-azo-DMA). The characteristic erasure times of wrinkles were quickly assessed by using an image processing algorithm. The results confirm that the photoinduced movement on the topmost layer can be successfully transferred to the substrate. Furthermore, the chosen supramolecular strategy allows decoupling the effect of molecular weight of the polymer and photochemistry of the chromophore, allowing quantitative comparison of wrinkling erasure efficiency of different materials and providing a facile way to optimize the system for specific applications.

The use of textile materials for respiratory protection in times of pandemics: a systematic review and analysis

Purpose Given the COVID-19 Pandemic outbreak and the role of medical textiles for protection, this study aims to identify the leading research foci on using textile materials for personal protection in pandemic situations. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review and systemic analysis of the literature on the subject were performed using the process knowledge development – constructivist (ProKnow-C) methodology. Findings A bibliographic portfolio with 16 relevant studies was obtained. This portfolio represents the main focus of this research field, including the main filtration mechanisms, ways of disinfecting N95 respirators and proposed methods to evaluate the filtration efficiency of different materials with potential for mask development. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time the ProKnow-C methodology was used in the textile field. Thus, future studies can benefit from using the Proknow-C for selecting and analyzing relevant textile studies following a systematic approach.

Review of Metasurfaces and Metadevices: Advantages of Different Materials and Fabrications.

Flat optics, metasurfaces, metalenses, and related materials promise novel on-demand light modulation within ultrathin layers at wavelength scale, enabling a plethora of next-generation optical devices, also known as metadevices. Metadevices designed with different materials have been proposed and demonstrated for different applications, and the mass production of metadevices is necessary for metadevices to enter the consumer electronics market. However, metadevice manufacturing processes are mainly based on electron beam lithography, which exhibits low productivity and high costs for mass production. Therefore, processes compatible with standard complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor manufacturing techniques that feature high productivity, such as i-line stepper and nanoimprint lithography, have received considerable attention. This paper provides a review of current metasurfaces and metadevices with a focus on materials and manufacturing processes. We also provide an analysis of the relationship between the aspect ratio and efficiency of different materials.

The realization of a broadband light absorber via the synergistic effect of graphene and silicon nanostructures

Due to the increasing demand for clean energy, it becomes more and more necessary to find out more efficient ways to generate clean energy. Because of this, the light conversion efficiency of different materials has been largely studied. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the silicon pyramidal nanostructures and graphene layer affect the light-absorbing performance of materials and achieve a broadband light absorber. Simulations of four experimental groups, including both with nanostructure and graphene, with nanostructure and without graphene, without nanostructure and with graphene, both without nanostructure and graphene, are done to obtain and compare the data through the method of finite difference time domain (FDTD). By analyzing the simulation results, it is found that the silicon pyramidal structures can improve the light absorption within the range of visible light. Moreover, the presence of graphene layers can improve the light absorption within the range of near-infrared to infrared light. The number of layers can also have effects on light absorption.

Versatile natural dispersants for electrophoretic deposition of materials

Natural anionic molecules, such as glycyrrhizic acid and 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid are used as dispersants for electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, diamond and composites. The superior behavior of the dispersants is linked to the beneficial effects of their chemical structure, pH-dependent charge, pH-dependent solubility, and film-forming properties. The analysis of the deposition yield provides an insight into the influence of the chemical structure of the dispersants on EPD efficiency of different materials. Obtained films provide corrosion protection of steel and can be used for various applications based on advanced functional properties of the deposited materials.

Evaluation of the efficiency of different materials to remove specific pollutants from landfill leachate

Evaluation of the efficiency of different materials to remove specific pollutants from landfill leachate

External marking of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda, Oniscidea): efficiency of materials and influence on feeding behavior

Abstract Many monitoring studies use marking techniques to obtain dispersal data on individuals. Marking procedures may influence the vital activities of the terrestrial isopods, such as feeding behavior. The objective of this study was to identify the efficiency of different materials for external marking of woodlice and the influence on their feeding performance. Cyanoacrylate glue + glitter and nail polish were used as separate marking materials on three species: Balloniscus glaber, Benthana picta and Armadillidium vulgare. The material efficiency was compared using Kaplan-Meier curves and Log-Rank analysis. Individuals were fed with leaf discs of Machaerium stipitatum for feeding performance trials, and consumption rates were compared using ANOVA (α<0.05). There was no difference in durability between the materials used for external markings, except between marked and unmarked Benthana specimens when the observation period exceeded 15 days (Log-Rank=8.446, p=0.015). Nail polish was considered more suitable for feeding experiments. Statistical differences in consumption rates were observed only between the marked individual treatments of Benthana (ANOVA, F=7.5440, p=0.0002). These results indicate that external marking does not affect the feeding habits of the animals and suggest that this technique can be used to monitor dispersal of terrestrial isopods in field conditions for approximately 15 days.

Investigation of efficiency of different sorption materials for Cu(II) removal from aquous solutions

In the present study the (bio)sorption efficiency of different materials for the removal of copper ions from aqueous solution has been investigated. Concentration of cooper ions in solutions was 2mmol/l, M/V ration 10 g/l and pH of the solutions were adjusted at 5. Used materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. SEM-EDX analyses of some materials indicate that copper binding occurs mainly through ion exchange mechanism, between Cu(II) and exchangeable cations. Removal of copper ions was investigated in the following materials: M. spicatum, peach pits, apricot pits, corn cobs, bentonite, zeolite, apatite, apatite and NH4 modified zeolite and modified zeolite NH4. Best results in copper ions removal showed bentonite and M.spicatum. Therefore, it should examine the possibility of using combined adsorbents. The work is aimed to promote biosorption and adsorption as alternative technologies for wastewater treatment based on the use of economically acceptable biological waste materials and mineral raw materials which are characterized by low cost and high efficiency.

Application of a rotating bioreactor consisting of low-cost and ready-to-use medical disposables forin vitroevaluation of the endothelialization efficiency of small-caliber vascular prostheses

The incomplete endothelialization of especially small-caliber vascular prostheses after implantation in patients is a major disadvantage in cardiovascular interventions. The lack of an endothelium leads to the occurrence of thrombosis at the luminal surface of artificial vascular prostheses. Thus, the development of new graft materials and coatings for induction of complete endothelialization on the implant surfaces is a promising approach to improve hemocompatibility and maintain long-term graft patency. In this study, we designed a rotation model to evaluate the early endothelial cell (EC) seeding efficiency of different small-caliber vascular devices, such as stents and vascular grafts. The suitability of the designed rotation model for endothelialization studies was investigated by seeding and cultivation of prostheses with ECs followed by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the viability of attached ECs was determined by calcein acetoxymethyl ester (AM) staining. The rotation model consisting of low-cost medical disposables enabled sterile incubation and cultivation of ECs with vascular devices. Simultaneously, the rotation of the bioreactor ensured a uniform distribution and adhesion of cells to the devices. Calcein AM staining of adherent cells on prostheses revealed excellent cell viability. Moreover, using the designed rotation model, an influence of different coatings and materials on the adhesion and spreading of ECs was demonstrated. The rotating bioreactor described and used in this study not only saves time and money but is also eminently useful for the accelerated preclinical evaluation of the endothelialization efficiency of different materials and surface coatings of small-caliber vascular devices.

A critical study on efficiency of different materials for fluoride removal from aqueous media

Fluoride is a persistent and non-biodegradable pollutant that accumulates in soil, plants, wildlife and in human beings. Therefore, knowledge of its removal, using best technique with optimum efficiency is needed. The present survey highlights on efficacy of different materials for the removal of fluoride from water. The most important results of extensive studies on various key factors (pH, agitation time, initial fluoride concentration, temperature, particle size, surface area, presence and nature of counter ions and solvent dose) fluctuate fluoride removal capacity of materials are reviewed.

The efficiency of different materials for controlling vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)on grapes during the period of investigation.

The vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) was a majour pest in many grape vines growing regions in the world and Egypt. It is feeding on several agricultural and weedy plant species. However, grape vines are a preferred host, and are the most adversely affected by this insect. Like other mealybugs, vine mealybug feeds on phloem sap, but it can be found throughout the plant-even on the roots. The pest were suppressed by preventive measures with a view to reducing the impact of the attack. Allowed substances acting on the suitable time, if appropriate. Insecticide of plant origin citric acid are used in May before coloration. Along with the biological control of Chrysoperla carnea in July after coloration, as well as, low toxicity insecticide (Malathion) in January after pruning process. In the spring where the small buds appear a sequence of mineral oil (KZ) are used. The obtained data showed a significant effect on the different stages of the total insect population The obtained data indicated that, tested compound Citric acid on P. ficus infested grape showed a slight effect after three days from treatment, then their effect increased gradually to give the highest effectiveness after 18 days. Using the predator, C. carnea for controlling P. ficus infested grape, showed the effectiveness of this predator in reducing the P. ficus after releasing.